Abstract Nanchatte is a Japanese gag expression, whose literal English translation could be “I have just completed the saying of something like what I have just said.” Its meaning partially overlaps with English expressions such as “Just kidding,” or “I am just saying.” Its felicitous execution is often intended to “crack up” listeners, to take the edge off an impression of formality, arrogance, aggression, austerity, or bluntness, to break the ice, mitigate face-threat or potential embarrassment, keep meaning ambiguous, or other similar performative effects. Positioned right after the completion of the preceding utterance, nanchatte performs a self-quoting speech act, in which it reflexively and retroactively turns one’s own utterance as reporting speech into reported speech. Ex post facto reframes the utterance from a narrating event to a narrated event, which then turns the speaker from the subject of the utterance to the object in the real-time temporal process of the utterance, splitting and doubling the subject “I” and the world it inhabits between the actuality and the virtuality. By doing so, nanchatte structurally produces the space of non-position-taking. As frivolous as it might be, nanchatte’s structural condition warrants a serious semiotic analysis. Drawing on Husserl’s concepts of neutrality modification and ego-splitting, this essay will discuss how and what kind of political subjectivity could be produced in the quoted space afforded by nanchatte. I proposes the concept of virtualization as a performative effect of nanchatte. As I will detail below, nanchatte as a self-quoting operation – that is, “I” quotes what “I” have just said – unsettles other familiar binaries in the illimitable movement of the virtual and the actual, and this paper considers its broader political implications.
{"title":"“As if I were otherwise” metapragmatics of ego-splitting and virtualization, nanchatte!","authors":"Miyako Inoue","doi":"10.1515/ijsl-2022-0086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2022-0086","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nanchatte is a Japanese gag expression, whose literal English translation could be “I have just completed the saying of something like what I have just said.” Its meaning partially overlaps with English expressions such as “Just kidding,” or “I am just saying.” Its felicitous execution is often intended to “crack up” listeners, to take the edge off an impression of formality, arrogance, aggression, austerity, or bluntness, to break the ice, mitigate face-threat or potential embarrassment, keep meaning ambiguous, or other similar performative effects. Positioned right after the completion of the preceding utterance, nanchatte performs a self-quoting speech act, in which it reflexively and retroactively turns one’s own utterance as reporting speech into reported speech. Ex post facto reframes the utterance from a narrating event to a narrated event, which then turns the speaker from the subject of the utterance to the object in the real-time temporal process of the utterance, splitting and doubling the subject “I” and the world it inhabits between the actuality and the virtuality. By doing so, nanchatte structurally produces the space of non-position-taking. As frivolous as it might be, nanchatte’s structural condition warrants a serious semiotic analysis. Drawing on Husserl’s concepts of neutrality modification and ego-splitting, this essay will discuss how and what kind of political subjectivity could be produced in the quoted space afforded by nanchatte. I proposes the concept of virtualization as a performative effect of nanchatte. As I will detail below, nanchatte as a self-quoting operation – that is, “I” quotes what “I” have just said – unsettles other familiar binaries in the illimitable movement of the virtual and the actual, and this paper considers its broader political implications.","PeriodicalId":52428,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of the Sociology of Language","volume":"188 1","pages":"59 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139297793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This article examines the ways in which symbolic English is used in fashion and mass media by indexing ideologies and expectations regarding language ability in Japan. One example of this is the popularity of English language T-shirts in Japan. Using English that is often widely criticized for being awkward or meaningless, these T-shirts are now often mocked in various media sources due to the increased flow of images across traditional nation-state boundaries. By examining the use of these English T-shirts in a Japanese variety show featuring a teen idol known for having English language ability this paper will show how the symbolic value of English T-shirts in Japan can be used to construct a hierarchy based on language ability within Japanese society and how television programs that use such items, take advantage of linguistic inability to increase embarrassment and stake for people heightening linguistic anxiety while at the same time discursively constructing the show and its staff in a positive light. This article examines this phenomenon and the ways in which these fashion items are then appropriated and denaturalized for entertainment both within and outside Japan through forms of mass-media such as television programs, books, and websites.
摘要 本文通过对日本语言能力方面的意识形态和期望进行索引，研究了象征性英语在时尚和大众媒体中的使用方式。其中一个例子是英语 T 恤衫在日本的流行。这些 T 恤衫所使用的英语常常被广泛批评为笨拙或毫无意义，由于传统民族国家边界的图像流量增加，这些 T 恤衫现在常常被各种媒体嘲笑。通过研究在一档日本综艺节目中使用这些英文 T 恤的情况，本文将展示在日本，英文 T 恤的象征性价值如何被用来构建日本社会中基于语言能力的等级制度，以及使用此类物品的电视节目如何利用语言上的无能来增加人们的尴尬和利害关系，从而加剧语言焦虑，同时在话语上以积极的方式构建节目及其工作人员。本文探讨了这一现象，以及这些时尚物品在日本国内外通过电视节目、书籍和网站等大众传媒形式被挪用和非自然化的娱乐方式。
{"title":"Wearing embarrassment: television discourse and the ideologies of T-shirt English in Japan","authors":"Gavin Furukawa","doi":"10.1515/ijsl-2022-0085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2022-0085","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article examines the ways in which symbolic English is used in fashion and mass media by indexing ideologies and expectations regarding language ability in Japan. One example of this is the popularity of English language T-shirts in Japan. Using English that is often widely criticized for being awkward or meaningless, these T-shirts are now often mocked in various media sources due to the increased flow of images across traditional nation-state boundaries. By examining the use of these English T-shirts in a Japanese variety show featuring a teen idol known for having English language ability this paper will show how the symbolic value of English T-shirts in Japan can be used to construct a hierarchy based on language ability within Japanese society and how television programs that use such items, take advantage of linguistic inability to increase embarrassment and stake for people heightening linguistic anxiety while at the same time discursively constructing the show and its staff in a positive light. This article examines this phenomenon and the ways in which these fashion items are then appropriated and denaturalized for entertainment both within and outside Japan through forms of mass-media such as television programs, books, and websites.","PeriodicalId":52428,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of the Sociology of Language","volume":"17 4 1","pages":"83 - 105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139292095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This paper aims to demonstrate the ideological workings of translation by analyzing the ways Japanese women’s language is employed to translate the speech of women in seven cities worldwide in a Japanese TV documentary series. The analysis finds that the TV production team allocates the features of Japanese women’s language differently to the speech of women according to region, drawing boundaries between women in Europe and the Americas, those in Asia and Africa, and Japanese women. The program’s practices of translation regiment the femininities of women according to region in terms of formality and politeness by actively expanding the indexicality of features of Japanese women’s language away from reticence, politeness, and gentleness, and by restricting the use of these features to co-occurrence with the plain form. The analysis implies that this regimentation of femininities serves to reproduce and reinforce Japanese domestic stereotypes concerning women in distinct regions among Japanese audiences.
{"title":"The regimentation of femininities in the world: the translated speech of non-Japanese women in a Japanese TV documentary series","authors":"Momoko Nakamura","doi":"10.1515/ijsl-2022-0081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2022-0081","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper aims to demonstrate the ideological workings of translation by analyzing the ways Japanese women’s language is employed to translate the speech of women in seven cities worldwide in a Japanese TV documentary series. The analysis finds that the TV production team allocates the features of Japanese women’s language differently to the speech of women according to region, drawing boundaries between women in Europe and the Americas, those in Asia and Africa, and Japanese women. The program’s practices of translation regiment the femininities of women according to region in terms of formality and politeness by actively expanding the indexicality of features of Japanese women’s language away from reticence, politeness, and gentleness, and by restricting the use of these features to co-occurrence with the plain form. The analysis implies that this regimentation of femininities serves to reproduce and reinforce Japanese domestic stereotypes concerning women in distinct regions among Japanese audiences.","PeriodicalId":52428,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of the Sociology of Language","volume":"3 1","pages":"107 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139303436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction: ideologies of contact and space in Japan: a theoretical expansion of language ideological work","authors":"Ayumi Miyazaki","doi":"10.1515/ijsl-2023-0066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2023-0066","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52428,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of the Sociology of Language","volume":"1 1","pages":"1 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139292530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Linguistic ideologies and the fabric of everyday life","authors":"P. Seargeant","doi":"10.1515/ijsl-2023-0088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2023-0088","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52428,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of the Sociology of Language","volume":"24 1","pages":"159 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139291853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract During/after disasters, language communication (or the lack thereof) can be a matter of life or death, particularly for “Indigenous/Tribal, Minority and Minoritized languages and peoples” (ITMs). Disaster and language studies have identified language barriers as critical because some ITMs do not understand basic risk communication, evacuation warnings, and recovery information. There are three major approaches to lowering these barriers in disaster contexts: (1) disseminating warnings and critical information in multilingual formats; (2) using bi/multilingual translators/interpreters and automated translator; and (3) using simplified language(s). However, this top–down approach is insufficient because ITMs need more than just selective information to cope with adversities. The basic communication rights to know, “talk about it,” and express one’s feelings after a traumatic event should not be a taken-for-granted privilege for speakers of the majority languages. The root causes of disaster linguicism, which focuses on the unique social vulnerabilities confronted by ITMs, have not been properly addressed. Drawing from our qualitative research, this article explores the role of Japanese language ideology in relation to the experiences of ITMs in the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami.
{"title":"Exploring the role of language ideology in disaster contexts: case study of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami","authors":"Shinya Uekusa, Sunhee Lee","doi":"10.1515/ijsl-2022-0061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2022-0061","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract During/after disasters, language communication (or the lack thereof) can be a matter of life or death, particularly for “Indigenous/Tribal, Minority and Minoritized languages and peoples” (ITMs). Disaster and language studies have identified language barriers as critical because some ITMs do not understand basic risk communication, evacuation warnings, and recovery information. There are three major approaches to lowering these barriers in disaster contexts: (1) disseminating warnings and critical information in multilingual formats; (2) using bi/multilingual translators/interpreters and automated translator; and (3) using simplified language(s). However, this top–down approach is insufficient because ITMs need more than just selective information to cope with adversities. The basic communication rights to know, “talk about it,” and express one’s feelings after a traumatic event should not be a taken-for-granted privilege for speakers of the majority languages. The root causes of disaster linguicism, which focuses on the unique social vulnerabilities confronted by ITMs, have not been properly addressed. Drawing from our qualitative research, this article explores the role of Japanese language ideology in relation to the experiences of ITMs in the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami.","PeriodicalId":52428,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of the Sociology of Language","volume":"39 1","pages":"37 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139298849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Ireland’s 2018 referendum on the Eighth Amendment, in which a majority of the Irish electorate voted to repeal the state’s quasi-total ban on abortion, saw important public discussions regarding Irish national identity in the twenty-first century. From a linguistic perspective, this begs the question of what role language played in the construction of national identity during the referendum campaign. This paper will examine Irish English features in the referendum campaign’s linguistic landscape and the extent to which they were used to index national identity. While there has been a significant amount of research on language ideologies connected to Irish, there has been little attention paid to Irish English and its relationship with national identity in the linguistic landscape literature. Drawing on a dataset of 1680 LL items collected from the 2018 referendum campaign (including campaign posters, placards, banners and stickers), this paper examines signs containing distinctive Irish English features, employing a qualitative, multimodal approach to the indexing of national identity. Specifically, it asks whether and under what conditions it is possible to claim that the use of Irish English features can be taken to index national identity.
{"title":"Irish English and national identity in the linguistic landscape of Ireland’s 2018 abortion referendum","authors":"Louise Strange","doi":"10.1515/ijsl-2023-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2023-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ireland’s 2018 referendum on the Eighth Amendment, in which a majority of the Irish electorate voted to repeal the state’s quasi-total ban on abortion, saw important public discussions regarding Irish national identity in the twenty-first century. From a linguistic perspective, this begs the question of what role language played in the construction of national identity during the referendum campaign. This paper will examine Irish English features in the referendum campaign’s linguistic landscape and the extent to which they were used to index national identity. While there has been a significant amount of research on language ideologies connected to Irish, there has been little attention paid to Irish English and its relationship with national identity in the linguistic landscape literature. Drawing on a dataset of 1680 LL items collected from the 2018 referendum campaign (including campaign posters, placards, banners and stickers), this paper examines signs containing distinctive Irish English features, employing a qualitative, multimodal approach to the indexing of national identity. Specifically, it asks whether and under what conditions it is possible to claim that the use of Irish English features can be taken to index national identity.","PeriodicalId":52428,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of the Sociology of Language","volume":"38 1","pages":"167 - 193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139298886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Based on a longitudinal ethnography at a Japanese junior high school, this paper explores how ideologies of Japanese women’s language are subverted through girls’ everyday linguistic ideological work of breaking presumed linkages between female gender and language. Girls at Sakura Junior High School employed masculine and non-traditional first-person pronouns and created new sets of indexicalities. The ethnography tracks how the girls did this in three important ways: 1) They used the most masculine pronoun, ore, and attached positive metapragmatic meanings (such as “cool,” “powerful,” “independent,” and “assertive”) to their use of this pronoun. In doing so, they established a powerful ore register and persona for girl users. 2) They also interpreted their use of boku, a plain masculine pronoun, as gender-appropriate for girls, whereas they negatively regarded boy users of boku as weak mama’s boys. 3) They attached strongly negative metapragmatic meanings to feminine pronouns and created an unfavorable feminine register and persona for these pronouns from which they disaligned themselves. The girls’ persistence in aligning masculine and non-traditional registers did not point to any evidence of their desire to take on a male identity, but rather to their creation of positive indexicalities about masculine pronouns and to their engagement in the social capital of maleness that accompanies male speech. Consequently, girls’ ideological work contextually constructed new indexical fields where girls established their own space in which they severed the naturalized relationships between language, identities, and social categories.
摘要 本文以日本一所初中的纵向人种学研究为基础，探讨了日本女性语言的意识形态是如何通过女生打破女性性别与语言之间假定联系的日常语言意识形态工作而被颠覆的。樱花初中的女生们使用了男性化和非传统的第一人称代词，并创造了一系列新的索引性。人种学研究从三个重要方面追踪了女孩们是如何做到这一点的：1) 她们使用了最男性化的代词 ore，并在使用这一代词时附加了积极的元语用意义（如 "酷"、"强大"、"独立 "和 "自信"）。这样，她们就为女孩用户建立了一个强大的 ore 语域和角色。2）她们还把使用 boku 这个普通的男性代词解释为适合女孩的性别，而把使用 boku 的男孩负面地视为软弱的 "妈妈的孩子"。3）她们对女性代词附加了强烈的负面元语用意义，并为这些代词创造了一个不利于女性的语域和角色，从而使自己与之脱节。女孩们坚持使用男性化和非传统的语域，这并不表明她们渴望拥有男性身份，而是表明她们创造了关于男性代词的积极索引，以及她们参与了伴随男性话语而来的男性社会资本。因此，女孩们的意识形态工作在语境中构建了新的索引领域，女孩们在其中建立了自己的空间，切断了语言、身份和社会类别之间的自然化关系。
{"title":"Masculine pronouns are not only for boys: Japanese girls breaking traditional relationships between gender and language in a school context","authors":"Ayumi Miyazaki","doi":"10.1515/ijsl-2022-0093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2022-0093","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Based on a longitudinal ethnography at a Japanese junior high school, this paper explores how ideologies of Japanese women’s language are subverted through girls’ everyday linguistic ideological work of breaking presumed linkages between female gender and language. Girls at Sakura Junior High School employed masculine and non-traditional first-person pronouns and created new sets of indexicalities. The ethnography tracks how the girls did this in three important ways: 1) They used the most masculine pronoun, ore, and attached positive metapragmatic meanings (such as “cool,” “powerful,” “independent,” and “assertive”) to their use of this pronoun. In doing so, they established a powerful ore register and persona for girl users. 2) They also interpreted their use of boku, a plain masculine pronoun, as gender-appropriate for girls, whereas they negatively regarded boy users of boku as weak mama’s boys. 3) They attached strongly negative metapragmatic meanings to feminine pronouns and created an unfavorable feminine register and persona for these pronouns from which they disaligned themselves. The girls’ persistence in aligning masculine and non-traditional registers did not point to any evidence of their desire to take on a male identity, but rather to their creation of positive indexicalities about masculine pronouns and to their engagement in the social capital of maleness that accompanies male speech. Consequently, girls’ ideological work contextually constructed new indexical fields where girls established their own space in which they severed the naturalized relationships between language, identities, and social categories.","PeriodicalId":52428,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of the Sociology of Language","volume":"6 1","pages":"131 - 157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139301042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Scholars of language and culture have effectively used the language ideology concept to critique the referentialist assumption in the post-Enlightenment conceptualization of language and society. Continuing with this critical project, this article attempts a further reorientation of our analytic metalanguage to explore the ideology of the phatic, the way in which salient emphasis is placed on problems regarding communicative channels of contact. The article identifies this ideology in the increasingly visible role played by phatic labor and its concrete manifestations in scenes of service and affective labor in contemporary Japan. Two separate instances are analyzed to reveal their common engagement with channels of contact as a metapragmatic concern. First, I analyze one Japanese restaurant chain’s attempt to design and control the material zone of contact in dining experience, as indicative of the larger tendency in the contemporary economy to standardize consumer desire at the level of the phatic. Second, I look to the culture of celebrity, especially popular idols, and examine the institutionalization of fan-idol contact that has become a hegemonic marketing strategy. These cases witness rituals of public encounter that either work to hybridize human speech acts with nonhuman speech-actants inhabiting the material environment of contact, or to regulate forms of interaction deemed detrimental to the channel of affect through monitoring, interruption, and other forms of phatic policing. I use this analysis to draw attention to the necessity of taking the phatic function seriously in the scholarly exploration of language ideology. While scholars in various fields have frequently spoken of the centrality of communicative labor in postindustrial societies, the analytic focus on ideologization of the phatic offers a more precise theoretical and empirical framework for examining how communication is fetishized as the central site of political and economic intervention.
{"title":"The concentration booth and the handshaking lane: ideologies of the phatic","authors":"Shunsuke Nozawa","doi":"10.1515/ijsl-2022-0083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2022-0083","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Scholars of language and culture have effectively used the language ideology concept to critique the referentialist assumption in the post-Enlightenment conceptualization of language and society. Continuing with this critical project, this article attempts a further reorientation of our analytic metalanguage to explore the ideology of the phatic, the way in which salient emphasis is placed on problems regarding communicative channels of contact. The article identifies this ideology in the increasingly visible role played by phatic labor and its concrete manifestations in scenes of service and affective labor in contemporary Japan. Two separate instances are analyzed to reveal their common engagement with channels of contact as a metapragmatic concern. First, I analyze one Japanese restaurant chain’s attempt to design and control the material zone of contact in dining experience, as indicative of the larger tendency in the contemporary economy to standardize consumer desire at the level of the phatic. Second, I look to the culture of celebrity, especially popular idols, and examine the institutionalization of fan-idol contact that has become a hegemonic marketing strategy. These cases witness rituals of public encounter that either work to hybridize human speech acts with nonhuman speech-actants inhabiting the material environment of contact, or to regulate forms of interaction deemed detrimental to the channel of affect through monitoring, interruption, and other forms of phatic policing. I use this analysis to draw attention to the necessity of taking the phatic function seriously in the scholarly exploration of language ideology. While scholars in various fields have frequently spoken of the centrality of communicative labor in postindustrial societies, the analytic focus on ideologization of the phatic offers a more precise theoretical and empirical framework for examining how communication is fetishized as the central site of political and economic intervention.","PeriodicalId":52428,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of the Sociology of Language","volume":"94 1","pages":"15 - 36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139306104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Based on an analysis of a corpus, in this study we examine: (a) the linguistic structure of Muslim personal names, (b) their etymological sources, and (c) some changing patterns among the younger generation. Firstly, we present a typology of the naming patterns by showing that there are four major types – one-part, two-part, three-part, and four-part names. While one-part names are formed from the given name only, the other three types are complex as they are composed of additional names containing honorific titles, caste titles, patronym, and husband’s names in case of married women. Secondly, by examining the linguistic sources of one-part and two part names, we show that Muslim names are primarily derived from Arabic and Persian. Our study further shows that while Indian Muslim names trace their origins to Arabic, the structure of their names differs significantly from Arabs and other Muslims especially those in southern India. Finally, we demonstrate a shift in the naming pattern among the younger generation in that some names and honorific titles are declining. We conclude our paper with some possible social factors that may contribute to the shift.
{"title":"Muslim personal names in Urdu: structure, meaning, and change","authors":"Rizwan Ahmad, Vladimir Kulikov, Noorin Iqbal","doi":"10.1515/ijsl-2023-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2023-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Based on an analysis of a corpus, in this study we examine: (a) the linguistic structure of Muslim personal names, (b) their etymological sources, and (c) some changing patterns among the younger generation. Firstly, we present a typology of the naming patterns by showing that there are four major types – one-part, two-part, three-part, and four-part names. While one-part names are formed from the given name only, the other three types are complex as they are composed of additional names containing honorific titles, caste titles, patronym, and husband’s names in case of married women. Secondly, by examining the linguistic sources of one-part and two part names, we show that Muslim names are primarily derived from Arabic and Persian. Our study further shows that while Indian Muslim names trace their origins to Arabic, the structure of their names differs significantly from Arabs and other Muslims especially those in southern India. Finally, we demonstrate a shift in the naming pattern among the younger generation in that some names and honorific titles are declining. We conclude our paper with some possible social factors that may contribute to the shift.","PeriodicalId":52428,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of the Sociology of Language","volume":"2023 1","pages":"161 - 188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44712785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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