European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies最新文献

{"title":"Displaced lives in the Americas. A review of three cross-border ethnographies","authors":"N. Winters","doi":"10.32992/erlacs.10675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32992/erlacs.10675","url":null,"abstract":"– The Migrant Passage: Clandestine Journeys from Central America by Noelle K. Brigden. Cornell University Press, 2018. – Contraband Corridor: Making a Living at the Mexico-Guatemala Border, by Rebecca B. Galemba. Stanford University Press, 2018. – Lives in Transit: Violence and Intimacy on the Migrant Journey, by Wendy A. Vogt. University of California Press, 2018.","PeriodicalId":52452,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43791430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of Eugenics in the Garden: Transatlantic Architecture and the Crafting of Modernity","authors":"Edward R. Burian","doi":"10.32992/ERLACS.10673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32992/ERLACS.10673","url":null,"abstract":"Eugenics in the Garden: Transatlantic Architecture and the Crafting of Modernity, by Fabiola Lopez-Duran, University of Texas Press, 2018.","PeriodicalId":52452,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46245848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of Racial migrations: New York City and the revolutionary politics of the Spanish Caribbean","authors":"Antonio Hernández Matos","doi":"10.32992/ERLACS.10664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32992/ERLACS.10664","url":null,"abstract":"Racial migrations: New York City and the revolutionary politics of the Spanish Caribbean, by Jesse Hoffnung-Garskof, Princeton University Press, 2019","PeriodicalId":52452,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48117940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of Political life in the wake of the plantation: sovereignty, witnessing, repair","authors":"Tka Pinnock","doi":"10.32992/erlacs.10656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32992/erlacs.10656","url":null,"abstract":"Political life in the wake of the plantation: sovereignty, witnessing, repair, by Deborah A. Thomas. Duke University Press, 2019","PeriodicalId":52452,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48181716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of Elusive justice. Women, land rights, and Colombia’s transition to peace","authors":"Silke Oldenburg","doi":"10.32992/erlacs.10657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32992/erlacs.10657","url":null,"abstract":"Elusive justice. Women, land rights, and Colombia’s transition to peace, by Donny Meertens, The University of Wisconsin Press, 2019","PeriodicalId":52452,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48453840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International Peacemaking in Venezuela’s Intractable Conflict","authors":"D. Smilde, Geoff Ramsey","doi":"10.32992/erlacs.10582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32992/erlacs.10582","url":null,"abstract":"Can international peacemaking efforts succeed in an intractable conflict such as the one in Venezuela? In this paper we put forward a conceptualization of peacemaking processes that underlines their ability to creatively change the terms of a conflict. Then we look at the four dialogue and negotiation processes that have occurred during the government of Nicolas Maduro. Our review shows that while it is clear that the Maduro government uses dialogue processes as a delay tactic through which it can divide and demobilize the opposition, clear progress has been made in the mediators’ ability to generate concrete articulation and discussion of the conflicting parties’ demands. However, international allies on each side of the conflict are affecting the calculations of the two sides, working against an agreement.  Resumen: Paz internacional en el conflicto intratable de Venezuela ?Pueden los esfuerzos internacionales de establecimiento de la paz tener exito en un conflicto intratable como el de Venezuela? En este articulo presentamos una conceptualizacion de los procesos de establecimiento de la paz que subraya su capacidad para cambiar creativamente los terminos de un conflicto. Luego observamos los cuatro procesos de dialogo y negociacion que ocurrieron durante el gobierno de Nicolas Maduro. Nuestra revision muestra que, si bien esta claro que el gobierno de Maduro usa los procesos de dialogo como una tactica de demora a traves de la cual puede dividir y desmovilizar a la oposicion, se ha logrado un claro progreso en la capacidad de los mediadores para generar una articulacion y discusion concretas de las partes en conflicto ' demandas. Sin embargo, los aliados internacionales en cada lado del conflicto estan afectando los calculos de las dos partes, trabajando en contra de un acuerdo.","PeriodicalId":52452,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44926304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The versatile amalgam: Interests and corruption in Russia-Venezuela relations","authors":"Alejandro Cardozo Uzcátegui, Víctor M. Mijares","doi":"10.32992/erlacs.10557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32992/erlacs.10557","url":null,"abstract":"The Russia-Venezuela relations are the most controversial of those between Latin American states and extra-regional powers, due to the military-technical nature of its original links its implications for Russian-United States rivalry, and over the hemispheric security and democracy. This article explores these from the role of Russian-Venezuelan corruption as a versatile amalgam within the alliance from 2005 to 2018. Based on a descriptive research design, the systematization of scattered information, and the application of a congruence method, we infer that corruption contributes to improving Russian-Venezuelan political cohesion. Our inference indicates that these ties, in addition to serving Russian-Venezuelan geopolitical interests regarding the United States, constitute a cycle in which political corruption strengthens the alliance, favouring special corporate interests, undermining rule of law, encouraging corruption, and revitalizing authoritarianism in Venezuela.  Resumen: Una amalgama versatil: Intereses y corrupcion en las relaciones ruso-venezolanas Las relaciones entre Rusia y Venezuela son las mas controvertidas entre los estados latinoamericanos y las potencias extrarregionales, debido a la naturaleza tecnico-militar de sus vinculos originales, sus implicaciones para la rivalidad ruso-estadounidense, y sobre la seguridad hemisferica y la democracia. Este articulo explora lo anterior desde el papel de la corrupcion ruso-venezolana como una amalgama versatil dentro de la alianza entre 2005 y 2018. Basado en un diseno de investigacion descriptivo, sistematizacion de informacion dispersa y aplicacion de un metodo de congruencia, inferimos que la corrupcion contribuye a mejorar la cohesion politica ruso-venezolana. Nuestra inferencia indica que estos lazos, ademas de servir a los intereses geopoliticos ruso-venezolanos con respecto a los Estados Unidos, constituyen un ciclo en el que la corrupcion politica fortalece la alianza, favorece intereses corporativos especiales, socava el estado de derecho, fomenta la corrupcion y revitaliza el autoritarismo en Venezuela.","PeriodicalId":52452,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41336031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A story within a story: Venezuela’s crisis, regional actors, and Western hemispheric order upheaval","authors":"T. Legler","doi":"10.32992/erlacs.10585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32992/erlacs.10585","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores why multilateral democracy protection in the Americas has been so ineffective in the Venezuelan crisis. The author contends that the state of hemispheric order can either help or hinder regional efforts to defend democracy. The current Venezuelan crisis has unfolded at a difficult moment when the Western Hemispheric order has undergone a particularly turbulent form of regional order transition that the author calls order upheaval. While serving as a structure of opportunities and constraints for both the defenders and transgressors of Venezuelan democracy, this order upheaval has impeded regional cooperation, the provision of democracy protection as a public good, and the ability for the Americas to serve as an effective filter or container for regional problem solving and against the incursion of extra-regional actors in Venezuela’s crisis.  Resumen: Una historia dentro de otra historia en Venezuela: Actores regionales, crisis y conmocion del orden hemisferico occidental Este articulo explora por que la proteccion multilateral de la democracia en las Americas ha sido poco efectiva en la crisis venezolana. El autor plantea que el estado del orden hemisferico puede ayudar u obstaculizar los esfuerzos regionales para defender la democracia. La actual crisis venezolana se ha desarrollado en un momento dificil, en el que el orden hemisferico occidental ha experimentado una forma de transicion particularmente turbulenta, a la cual el autor llama conmocion del orden. A la vez que ha servido como un marco de oportunidades y restricciones tanto para los defensores como para los transgresores de la democracia venezolana, esta conmocion del orden ha impedido la cooperacion regional, la provision de proteccion a la democracia como un bien publico y la capacidad de las Americas de servir como un filtro o contenedor eficaz para la resolucion de problemas regionales y contra la incursion de actores extra-regionales en la crisis venezolana.","PeriodicalId":52452,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45000956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"With the cards stacked against you. Challenges to a negotiated transition to democracy in Venezuela","authors":"Leiv Marsteintredet","doi":"10.32992/erlacs.10553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32992/erlacs.10553","url":null,"abstract":"This article uses the political science literature on transitions to democracy to discuss the domestic challenges to a negotiated transition in Venezuela. Whereas a transition to democracy may occur through many different pathways and processes, the negotiated path has often been hailed as the most conducive to democracy consolidation. This article discusses three key challenges to a negotiated outcome in Venezuela. The first is the current political-economic context marked by de-liberalisation and rapidly increasing inequality between the “ins” and “outs”; the second refers to the content of a potential pact in a situation where the Venezuelan state is retrenching territorially and from key state functions; and the third refers to the challenges of guaranteeing a pact for the future in a context of a majoritarian constitution and weak electoral prospects for the regime. The article shows how the structural conditions in Venezuela reduces the incentives for both parties to enter a democratising pact and add insights to the transitology literature on how de-liberalisation and stateness problems negatively affect actors’ incentives to negotiate a pact. Resumen: Cuando tienes las de perder: Retos para una transicion negociada a la democracia en Venezuela Este articulo utiliza la literatura de la ciencia politica sobre las transiciones a la democracia para discutir los desafios internos de una transicion negociada en Venezuela. Mientras que una transicion a la democracia puede ocurrir a traves de muchas vias y procesos diferentes, la ruta negociada a menudo ha sido aclamada como la mas conducente a la consolidacion de la democracia. Este articulo analiza tres desafios clave para un resultado negociado en Venezuela. El primero es el contexto politico-economico actual marcado por la desliberalizacion y el rapido aumento de la desigualdad entre los “incluidos” y los “excluidos”; el segundo se refiere al contenido de un pacto potencial en una situacion en la que el estado venezolano se esta retrayendo territorialmente y de funciones estatales clave; y el tercero se refiere a los desafios de garantizar un pacto para el futuro en un contexto de una constitucion mayoritaria y perspectivas electorales debiles para el regimen. El articulo muestra como las condiciones estructurales en Venezuela reducen los incentivos para que ambas partes participen en un pacto democratizador y agrega ideas a la literatura de transicion sobre como los problemas de desliberalizacion y de estado afectan negativamente los incentivos de los actores para negociar un pacto.","PeriodicalId":52452,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45406532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rule of law crisis , militarization of citizen security, and effects on human rights in Venezuela","authors":"N. Gan","doi":"10.32992/erlacs.10577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32992/erlacs.10577","url":null,"abstract":"Venezuela has one of the highest homicide rates in the world as well as the highest rate of killings by state officials in Latin America. This article seeks to interpret the evolution of violence over the last 20 years through studying the militarization of citizen security policies and the rule of law crisis. Crime was no longer framed as a socio-economic issue, so the neutralization of enemies became a priority This has occurred in the context of an increasingly militarized citizen security policy that actively involves the military, the militarization of the police and state promotion of civilian armed groups. The parallel rule of law crisis has removed most of the limits to the process of militarization and has contributed to the high levels of violence. This paper argues that the Venezuelan state currently can be understood as anomic, without clear and consistent rules.  Resumen: Crisis del Estado de Derecho, militarizacion de la seguridad ciudadana y efectos sobre los derechos humanos en Venezuela Venezuela tiene una de las tasas mas altas de homicidios en el mundo y la tasa de letalidad policial mas alta en America Latina. Este articulo busca interpretar la evolucion de la violencia en los ultimos 20 anos a traves del estudio de la militarizacion de las politicas de seguridad ciudadana y la crisis del estado de derecho. La criminalidad dejo de estar enmarcada como un problema socioeconomico para priorizar la neutralizacion de enemigos. Esto ha ocurrido en el contexto de una politica de seguridad ciudadana militarizada que involucra la participacion de los militares, la militarizacion de la policia y la promocion estatal de grupos armados civiles. La crisis paralela del estado de derecho ha eliminado la mayoria de los limites al proceso de militarizacion y ha contribuido a los altos niveles de violencia. Se argumenta que el estado venezolano puede ser entendido como anomico, sin reglas claras y consistentes.","PeriodicalId":52452,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44778767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}