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Review of Hugo Blanco, río profundo 雨果·布兰科评论,里约热内卢profundo
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-10-08 DOI: 10.32992/ERLACS.10711
Bethsabé Huamán Andía
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引用次数: 0
Review of Rethinking global democracy in Brazil 巴西全球民主反思述评
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-10-08 DOI: 10.32992/erlacs.10716
D. Farias
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引用次数: 0
Review of El testigo: Caín y Abel (The witness: Cain and Abel) 回顾El testgo: Caín y Abel(证人:该隐和亚伯)
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-10-08 DOI: 10.32992/ERLACS.10705
J. Osman
El testigo: Cain y Abel (The witness: Cain and Abel), directed by Kate Horne. Pacha Filmes, Horne Productions and Ronachan Films, Colombia, Peru and United Kingdom, 2018
El testigo:Cain y Abel(证人:Cain and Abel),导演:Kate Horne。Pacha Filmes、Horne Productions和Ronachan Films,哥伦比亚、秘鲁和英国,2018
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引用次数: 0
Review of Piripkura (Piripkura: The last two survivors) 皮里普库拉回顾(皮里普古拉:最后两位幸存者)
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-09-18 DOI: 10.32992/ERLACS.10698
F. Forattini
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引用次数: 0
Tradicionalismo en la elite política contemporánea de Paraguay 巴拉圭当代政治精英中的传统主义
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-09-18 DOI: 10.32992/ERLACS.10522
Magdalena López
Abstract:  Traditionalism in the contemporary political elite in Paraguay From the perspective of the sociology of elites and with a qualitative-quantitative methodology, I analysed the constitution of the Paraguayan government elites, through the study of four presidential cases and the conformation of Congress. Paraguayan political elite, mostly male in Congress and exclusively male in the presidency, is intrinsically related to the party to which it belongs. This has been maintained since the dictatorship. A family logic is evident in the reproduction of power and in the circulation between different positions of the state, something that prevailed in the transition to democracy, a time in which members of these families tried to get rid of their dictatorial past. In addition, I tracked cases of multipositionality in various political actors who are, at the same time, members of the economic elite or were religious or military.  Resumen Desde la perspectiva de la sociologia de las elites y con una metodologia cuali-cuantitativa, se analizan la conformacion de las elites de gobierno de Paraguay, a traves del estudio de cuatro casos presidenciales y de la conformacion del Congreso. La elite politica paraguaya, mayoritariamente masculina en el Congreso y exclusivamente masculina en la presidencia, esta intrinsecamente relacionada al partido al que pertenece, algo que se mantiene desde la dictadura. Se evidencia una logica familiar en la reproduccion de poder y en la circulacion entre diferentes cargos del Estado, algo que prevalecio en la transicion a la democracia, periodo en el que miembros de estas familias intentaron desprenderse del pasado dictatorial. Ademas, se rastrean casos de multiposicionalidad en diversos actores politicos que son, al mismo tiempo, miembros de la elite economica, religiosa o militar.
摘要:从精英社会学的角度,采用定性-定量的方法,通过对四起总统案件和国会组成的研究,分析了巴拉圭当代政治精英中的传统主义。巴拉圭政治精英,主要是国会中的男性和总统中的男性,与他们所属的政党有着内在的联系。自独裁统治以来,这一点一直得到维持。在权力的再生产和国家不同立场之间的流通中,家庭逻辑是显而易见的,这是在向民主过渡期间普遍存在的,当时这些家庭的成员试图摆脱他们的独裁过去。此外,我还追踪了同时是经济精英成员或宗教或军事人员的各种政治行为者的多党制案件。摘要从精英社会学的角度,采用准定量的方法,通过对四个总统和国会组成案例的研究,分析了巴拉圭政府精英的构成。巴拉圭的政治精英,主要是国会中的男性,在总统中完全是男性,与他们所属的政党有着内在的联系,这是自独裁统治以来一直存在的。在权力的再生产和不同国家职位之间的流动中,可以看出一种家庭逻辑,这种逻辑在向民主过渡中占主导地位,在这一时期,这些家庭的成员试图摆脱独裁的过去。此外,还追踪到同时是经济、宗教或军事精英成员的各种政治行为者中的多职位案件。
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引用次数: 0
El derecho al aborto electivo en Chiapas, México 墨西哥恰帕斯的堕胎权
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-09-09 DOI: 10.32992/erlacs.10526
Marta Wójtowicz-Wcisło
Abstract: The right to elective abortion in Chiapas, Mexico This article tackles the issue of voluntary termination of pregnancy in the case of Chiapas, the state in which in 1990 the government decriminalised abortion for family planning pur-poses, a measure without precedent at national scale. Applying an interdisciplinary focus, the article examines changes in a state law, crucial actors’ positions and Mayan communi-ties’ norms in order to consider a possibility of overcoming social antagonism related to legality of voluntary termination of pregnancy. Resumen El presente articulo aborda la cuestion de la terminacion voluntaria del embarazo en el caso de Chiapas, Mexico, donde en 1990 el gobierno estatal aprobo una medida sin precedentes a nivel nacional al despenalizar el aborto por razones de planificacion familiar. Desde un en-foque interdisciplinar integral se estudian cambios en la norma legal estatal, posicionamien-tos de diversos actores, asi como normatividades presentes en las comunidades mayas de los Altos de Chiapas, con el objetivo de responder a la pregunta sobre la posibilidad de superar el antagonismo social que existe acerca de la licitud de la terminacion voluntaria del emba-razo.
摘要:墨西哥恰帕斯的选择性堕胎权本条解决了恰帕斯自愿终止妊娠的问题,该州政府于1990年将计划生育堕胎合法化,这是国家一级前所未有的措施。文章运用跨学科的重点,审查了州法律、关键行为者的立场和玛雅社区的规范的变化,以考虑克服与自愿终止妊娠的合法性有关的社会对抗的可能性。摘要本文讨论了墨西哥恰帕斯的自愿终止妊娠问题,1990年,州政府在全国范围内通过了一项前所未有的措施,将出于计划生育原因的堕胎合法化。从一个全面的跨学科视角,研究了国家法律规范的变化、各种行为者的立场以及恰帕斯上玛雅社区的规范,目的是回答关于克服关于EMBA-RAZO自愿终止合法性的社会对抗的可能性的问题。
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引用次数: 2
Review of Fondo, otra vez la misma receta, directed by Alejandro Bercovich 回顾Fondo,同样的食谱,由亚历杭德罗·贝尔科维奇执导
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-09-03 DOI: 10.32992/erlacs.10697
Fernando Valcheff García
Fondo, otra vez la misma receta (Fund, the same recipe once again), directed by Alejandro Bercovich. Argentina, 2019
基金,再次相同的食谱(基金,再次收到相同的食谱),由亚历杭德罗·贝尔科维奇执导。阿根廷,2019年
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引用次数: 0
Danzando en el tiempo: transformaciones agrarias y persistencia del campesinado en Argentina 随着时间的推移跳舞:阿根廷的农业转型和农民的坚持
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-08-19 DOI: 10.32992/ERLACS.10520
C. Jara, R. Paz
Abstract: Dancing in time: Agrarian transformation and persistence of the peasantry in Argentina The persistence of the peasantry continues to be one of the main theoretical concerns of the agrarian question in the twenty-first century. Contrary to those who predict its disappear-ance, Santiago del Estero, a peripheral province of Argentina, maintains an agrarian struc-ture with almost 68 percent of peasant farms. These figures are accentuated in some depart-ments such as Atamisqui and Figueroa, which generate various hypotheses about the pene-tration of capitalism in agriculture as well as about the sector’s ability to resist and remain. This article identifies old and renewed processes of resistance and recreation of the peasant-ry in the rural areas of Santiago, maintaining that the term peasant is not crystallized but dynamic. This requires a more diachronic methodology that allows to examine its trajectory, not only from the conjunctural strategies, but also from its evolution in time.  Resumen La persistencia del campesinado continua siendo una de las principales preocupaciones teoricas de la cuestion agraria en pleno siglo XXI. Pese a quienes pronostican su desaparicion, Santiago del Estero, una provincia periferica de la Argentina, mantiene una estructura agraria con casi un 68 por ciento de explotaciones campesinas. Dichas cifras se acentuan en algunos departamentos como Atamisqui y Figueroa, lo que genera diversas hipotesis, tanto sobre la penetracion del capitalismo en el agro, como tambien sobre la capacidad que tuvo el sector para resistir y permanecer. Este articulo identifica antiguos y renovados procesos de resistencia y recreacion del campesinado en la ruralidad santiaguena, sosteniendo que el termino campesino no esta cristalizado, sino que es dinamico. Esto requiere una metodologia mas diacronica que permita examinar su trayectoria, no solo a partir de las estrategias coyunturales, sino tambien a partir de su devenir en el tiempo.
摘要:随着时间的推移而跳舞:阿根廷农民的农业转型和持续存在农民的持续存在仍然是21世纪农业问题的主要理论问题之一。与那些预测其消失的人不同,阿根廷周边省份圣地亚哥·德尔·埃斯特罗维持着一个拥有近68%农民农场的农业结构。这些数字在一些部门得到了强调,例如Atamisqui和Figueroa,这些部门对农业中的阴茎贩运资本主义以及该部门抵抗和保持的能力提出了各种假设。这篇文章确定了圣地亚哥农村地区农民抵抗和娱乐的新旧过程,认为农民一词不是结晶的,而是动态的。这需要一种更具历时性的方法,不仅可以从联合战略,而且可以从其随时间的演变中审查其轨迹。摘要农民的持续性仍然是21世纪农业问题的主要理论问题之一。尽管有人预测它会消失,但阿根廷外围省份圣地亚哥·德尔·埃斯特罗仍保持着近68%的农民农场的农业结构。这些数字在阿塔米斯基和菲格罗亚等一些部门得到了强调,这引起了各种假设,既涉及资本主义对农业的渗透,也涉及该部门抵抗和保持的能力。这篇文章确定了圣地亚哥农村农民抵抗和娱乐的旧的和新的过程,认为农民一词不是结晶的,而是动态的。这需要一种更历时的方法,不仅可以从短期战略,而且可以从其随着时间的推移而演变的角度来审查其轨迹。
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引用次数: 0
La palabra del otro en Colombia: El testimonio de víctimas políticamente complejas en la memoria institucionalizada 哥伦比亚他者的话:制度化记忆中政治复杂受害者的证词
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-07-16 DOI: 10.32992/ERLACS.10486
Gabriel Ruiz Romero, Daniel Castaño Zapata
The words of the other in Colombia: The testimony of politically complex victims in the institutionalized memory This article develops a problematization of the notion of testimony with which the historical memory has been constructed in Colombia. It is argued that the use of testimony as primary information of historical memory reports starts from an epistemological frame of the notion of victim. The case of the politically complex victim is analysed as a significant subject that allows to make political decisions on how to build the corpus of testimonial information in historical memory exercises. This method leads to a questioning of the representational function of historical memory reports. The analysis is the product of different fieldworks developed over ten years with victims and demobilized former combatants of illegal armies in Colombia. The work concludes that the inclusion of the testimony of the so-called the others facilitates the necessary destabilization of the narrative of violence.  El articulo desarrolla una problematizacion de la nocion de testimonio con que se ha construido la memoria institucional en Colombia. Se sostiene que el uso del testimonio como informacion primaria de los informes de memoria historica parte de un recorte epistemologico de la nocion de victima. Se analiza el caso de la victima politicamente compleja como sujeto significante que permite tomar decisiones politicas respecto de como construir los corpus de informacion testimonial en los ejercicios de memoria historica. Este ejercicio plantea un cuestionamiento de la funcion representacional de los informes de memoria historica. El analisis es producto de diferentes trabajos de campo desarrollados a lo largo de diez anos con victimas del conflicto armado y excombatientes desmovilizados de ejercitos ilegales en Colombia. El trabajo concluye que la inclusion de la palabra de quienes han sido nombrado como otros posibilita la necesaria desestabilizacion de la narracion de la violencia. Palabras clave: Memoria, victima, victimario, conflicto armado, Colombia.
哥伦比亚他者的话:制度化记忆中政治复杂受害者的证词这篇文章对在哥伦比亚建立历史记忆的证词概念提出了问题。有人认为,将证词作为历史记忆报告的主要信息,始于对受害者概念的认识论框架。政治复杂受害者的案件被分析为一个重要问题,可以就如何在历史记忆练习中建立证词信息语料库作出政治决定。这种方法导致对历史记忆报告的代表作用提出质疑。该分析是十多年来与哥伦比亚非法军队的受害者和复员前战斗人员进行的不同实地工作的结果。工作的结论是,纳入所谓的其他人的证词有助于暴力叙事的必要破坏稳定。这篇文章阐述了哥伦比亚建立机构记忆所依据的证词概念的问题化。有人认为,将证词用作历史记忆报告的主要信息是对受害者概念的认识论削减的一部分。分析了政治上复杂的受害者作为一个重要主体的情况,使人们能够就如何在历史记忆练习中建立证词信息语料库作出政治决定。这一练习提出了对历史记忆报告的表征功能的质疑。这一分析是十多年来与哥伦比亚武装冲突受害者和从非法军队复员的前战斗人员进行的不同实地工作的结果。这项工作的结论是,将被任命为其他人的人的话包括在内,可能会导致暴力叙述的必要不稳定。关键词:记忆,受害者,受害者,武装冲突,哥伦比亚。
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引用次数: 0
Repressed memory: Rethinking the impact of Latin America’s forgotten pandemics 被压抑的记忆:重新思考拉丁美洲被遗忘的流行病的影响
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-06-29 DOI: 10.32992/erlacs.10677
Bert Hoffmann
The ‘Columbian exchange’ (Crosby) after 1492 mixed bacteria and viruses from the ‘Old’ and the ‘New World’; ever since then, epidemics have shaped the political course of events in Latin America and the Caribbean. While the diseases and their victims are largely forgotten in collective memory, they also remain marginal in much of conventional scholarship, as they are not easily framed in narratives of national history or social emancipation. The present contribution provides concrete examples that demonstrate the profound political impact of pandemics, but also the lack of attention they have received in standard textbooks and accounts of Latin American history. The conclusions call on scholars to fully embrace the insights from environmental history and epidemiological research into their teaching and writing on the region.  Resumen: Memoria reprimida: Reflexion sobre el impacto de las pandemias olvidadas de Latinoamerica El ‘intercambio colombino’ (Crosby) despues de 1492 mezclo bacterias y virus del Viejo y el Nuevo Mundo. Desde entonces, las epidemias han moldeado el curso politico de los acontecimientos en Latinoamerica y el Caribe. Si bien las enfermedades y sus victimas caen en el olvido en gran medida en la memoria colectiva, tambien permanecen marginales en gran parte de la literatura academica convencional, ya que no se enmarcan facilmente en narrativas de historia nacional o de emancipacion social. La presente contribucion proporciona ejemplos concretos que demuestran el profundo impacto politico de las pandemias, pero tambien la falta de atencion que han recibido en los libros de texto estandar y en los relatos dominantes de la historia de Latinoamerica. Las conclusiones exigen que los academicos adopten plenamente las ideas de la historia ambiental y la investigacion epidemiologica en su ensenanza y escritura sobre la region.
1492年后的“哥伦布大交换”(克罗斯比)将来自“旧”和“新世界”的细菌和病毒混合在一起;从那时起,流行病影响了拉丁美洲和加勒比地区事件的政治进程。虽然这些疾病及其受害者在很大程度上被遗忘在集体记忆中,但它们在许多传统学术中仍然处于边缘地位,因为它们不容易在国家历史或社会解放的叙述中被框定。本报告提供了具体的例子,显示了大流行病的深刻政治影响,但也显示了这些问题在标准教科书和拉丁美洲历史叙述中缺乏关注。这些结论呼吁学者们在他们关于该地区的教学和写作中充分利用环境史和流行病学研究的见解。复本:回顾:对拉丁美洲艾滋病毒大流行的严重影响的反思·科伦比诺病毒(克罗斯比)- 1992年《关于Viejo和el Nuevo Mundo病毒的细菌》。在拉丁美洲和加勒比地区,流行病学和疾病的流行病学研究表明,目前的政治状况与拉丁美洲和加勒比地区有关。Si好las心血管y sus victimas卡昂en el olvido en格兰medida en la记忆colectiva,加入permanecen边际en格兰杰克逊de la literatura academica convencional,丫不se enmarcan facilmente en narrativas de史学家nacional de emancipacion社会。目前对就业具体情况的贡献比例显示出对大流行病政治的深刻影响,对其关注程度的影响,以及对其在拉丁美洲历史上所占主导地位的关系的影响。最后的结论是,学者们采用了全面的环境史学、调查流行病学、环境科学和环境科学的观点。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies
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