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Large deformation assessment of the bearing capacity factor for rigid footing: effect of soil heterogeneity 刚性基脚承载力系数的大变形评估:土壤异质性的影响
IF 2.8 3区 工程技术 Q1 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1007/s40571-024-00763-6
Wei-Hai Yuan, Hao-Cheng Wang, Ya-Jun Li, Wei Zhang, Kang Liu

In this paper, the influence of soil spatial variability on the large deformation bearing capacity of rigid footing is presented. The random generalized interpolation material point (RGIMP) method, in which the large deformation GIMP method is combined with random field theory in a Monte Carlo simulation framework, was developed. The continuous penetration of a rigid footing in a spatially variable Tresca soil is modeled using the RGIMP approach. The results show that the average value of the bearing capacity factor of the spatially variable soil is often smaller than that of the homogeneous soil because the failure of the soil always occurs along the weak path. The average value of the bearing capacity factor decreases with increasing coefficient of variation (COV) and increases with increasing horizontal scale of fluctuation (SOF). Compared with the value of the horizontal SOF, the COV has a greater influence on the bearing capacity factor. The findings of this study are helpful for obtaining a better understanding of the bearing capacity of heterogeneous foundations.

本文研究了土体空间变异性对刚性基础大变形承载力的影响。将大变形随机广义插值法与随机场理论在蒙特卡罗模拟框架下相结合,提出了随机广义插值质点法。使用RGIMP方法对空间可变的Tresca土壤中刚性基础的连续贯入进行了建模。结果表明:由于土体的破坏多发生在弱路径上,空间变异土的承载力系数平均值往往小于均匀土;承载力系数平均值随变异系数(COV)的增大而减小,随水平波动尺度(SOF)的增大而增大。与水平sofv值相比,COV对承载力因子的影响更大。研究结果有助于更好地理解非均质地基的承载力。
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引用次数: 0
Numerical Simulation of a Sheathless Multi-CTC Separator Lab-on-a-Chip Using Inertial Focusing Method 使用惯性聚焦法对无鞘多 CTC 分离器片上实验室进行数值模拟
IF 2.8 3区 工程技术 Q1 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.1007/s40571-024-00770-7
Writtick Pakhira, R. Kumar, Khalid Mohd. Ibrahimi

Investigating and analyzing circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have shown to be an invaluable tool for early cancer detection and diagnosis. Microfluidic devices, which are inexpensive and simple to use, have recently gained a lot of attention for the enumeration and separation of CTCs. In this research, a novel sheathless double-loop spiral-based lab-on-a-chip is proposed dependent upon the functionality of inertial focusing for separating multiple CTCs such as MCF-7 (breast cancer CTCs) and A549 (lung cancer CTCs) distinctly from the normal cells like WBCs (white blood cells) and RBCs (red blood cells). The chip is designed and examined in numerical simulation using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4 tool at various average flow velocities and Reynolds numbers (Re). In this study, the separation purities and recoveries of (sim ) 100% is gained by the chip at the Re values ranges from 71.75 ({text{to}}) 76.87 (flowrate of 87.8(-)94.1 ml/h), which indicates the high capability of separating multiple CTCs distinctly with high throughput.

研究和分析循环肿瘤细胞(CTCs)已被证明是早期癌症检测和诊断的重要工具。微流控装置价格低廉、操作简单,最近在 CTCs 的计数和分离方面受到广泛关注。本研究提出了一种新型无鞘双环螺旋式芯片实验室,该芯片依赖于惯性聚焦功能,可将多种 CTC(如 MCF-7(乳腺癌 CTC)和 A549(肺癌 CTC))与正常细胞(如 WBC(白细胞)和 RBC(红细胞))区分开来。该芯片是利用 COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4 工具在各种平均流速和雷诺数 (Re) 条件下进行设计和数值模拟检查的。在这项研究中,芯片在Re值为71.75 ({text{to}) 76.87(流速为87.8 (-)94.1 ml/h)时获得了100%的分离纯度和回收率,这表明芯片具有高通量分离多种四氯化碳的能力。
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引用次数: 0
Identical calibration approach in discrete element method for modeling mechanical properties in fiber- and particle-reinforced composites 离散元法中用于纤维和颗粒增强复合材料力学性能建模的相同校准方法
IF 2.8 3区 工程技术 Q1 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.1007/s40571-024-00749-4
Ali Paziresh, Hassan Assaee

This study explores the mechanical properties of particle- and unidirectional fiber-reinforced composite materials using the discrete element method (DEM) with an identical calibration technique. Determining micromechanical properties within DEM modeling is a time-consuming challenge typically requiring a distinct calibration approach for each specific model. In this research, we employ identical micromechanical properties for the generated discrete domain to simulate both types of composites. The findings in this paper suggest that an identical calibration procedure could potentially be effective for modeling composites, regardless of their varied reinforcement shapes. Given the computational costs associated with DEM modeling, this research presents a potential advancement in streamlining the DEM calibration process. The linear parallel-bond model served as the contact model in DEM simulations, offering realistic estimates for materials resembling cemented structures. Additionally, group logic was employed in DEM modeling to construct the reinforcement and matrix phases of the composites. Results were validated through FEM simulations and theoretical predictions, demonstrating a satisfactory level of agreement. Furthermore, this paper provides a comprehensive depiction of micro-crack initiation and propagation, along with various fracture modes, including matrix and fiber cracking, as well as matrix/fiber debonding, for both composite types.

本文采用离散元法(DEM)对颗粒增强和单向纤维增强复合材料的力学性能进行了研究。在DEM建模中确定微力学特性是一项耗时的挑战,通常需要针对每个特定模型采用不同的校准方法。在本研究中,我们采用相同的微力学性能为生成的离散域模拟两种类型的复合材料。本文的研究结果表明,无论复合材料的增强形状如何,相同的校准程序都可能有效地模拟复合材料。考虑到与DEM建模相关的计算成本,本研究提出了简化DEM校准过程的潜在进展。线性平行键模型作为DEM模拟中的接触模型,为类似胶结结构的材料提供了真实的估计。此外,在DEM建模中采用分组逻辑构建复合材料的增强相和基体相。通过有限元模拟和理论预测对结果进行了验证,表明了令人满意的一致性。此外,本文还全面描述了两种复合材料类型的微裂纹的萌生和扩展,以及各种断裂模式,包括基体和纤维开裂,以及基体/纤维脱粘。
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引用次数: 0
Simulating the damage of rubble stone masonry walls using FDEM with a detailed micro-modelling approach 利用 FDEM 和详细的微观建模方法模拟碎石砌筑墙体的损坏情况
IF 2.8 3区 工程技术 Q1 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-05-18 DOI: 10.1007/s40571-024-00757-4
Xudong Chen, Zigong Liang, Andrew H. C. Chan

Rubble stones are commonly found in many civil engineering components, such as foundations, walls. In general, rubble stone masonry walls are composed of irregular-shaped stone units and mortar. They are usually subjected to vertical and horizontal loads simultaneously and exhibit high degree of nonlinearity and discontinuity in service conditions. The combined finite-discrete element method (FDEM) was employed to investigate the mechanical behaviour of rubble stone masonry walls in this study. In order to overcome the disadvantages in both macro- and simplified micro-modelling, a detailed micro-modelling approach was utilised, i.e. stone, mortar and stone-mortar interface were considered explicitly, providing close approximation to physical structures. Stone units and mortar were discretised into linear triangular elements with finite element formulation incorporated in, and therefore, accurate estimate on structural deformation and contact forces can be obtained. Damage of rubble stone masonry was evaluated through cohesive fracture models. Numerical examples were validated, and further parametric discussions were performed. Influence of stone unit pattern, ratio of stone and strength of mortar on the failure behaviour of rubble stone masonry walls was revealed. A very good agreement between FDEM results and experimental data was observed. It was found that the higher the ratio of stone, the better the bearing capacity, and uniform-shaped stone units with regular distribution were recommended. In addition, use of mortar with both tensile and shear strengths higher than 0.2 MPa was suggested.

瓦砾石常见于许多土木工程构件中,如地基、墙体等。一般来说,碎石砌筑的墙体由不规则形状的石块单元和砂浆组成。它们通常同时承受垂直和水平荷载,在使用条件下表现出高度的非线性和不连续性。本研究采用有限元-离散元组合法(FDEM)来研究碎石砌体墙的力学行为。为了克服宏观建模和简化微观建模的缺点,采用了详细的微观建模方法,即明确考虑了石材、砂浆和石材-砂浆界面,使其接近物理结构。石材单元和砂浆被离散化为线性三角形元素,其中包含有限元公式,因此可以获得结构变形和接触力的精确估计。通过内聚断裂模型评估了碎石砌体的损坏情况。对数值实例进行了验证,并进行了进一步的参数讨论。研究揭示了石材单元模式、石材比例和砂浆强度对碎石砌体墙体破坏行为的影响。FDEM 结果与实验数据之间的一致性非常好。研究发现,石材的比例越大,承载能力越强,建议使用形状均匀、分布规则的石材单元。此外,还建议使用抗拉强度和抗剪强度均高于 0.2 兆帕的砂浆。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of fracture mechanisms in smooth blasting of limestone samples: numerical and experimental approaches 石灰石样品光面爆破中的断裂机制研究:数值和实验方法
IF 2.8 3区 工程技术 Q1 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1007/s40571-024-00764-5
Vahab Sarfarazi, Jinwei Fu, Hadi Haeri, Koorosh Zamanian, Hesam Dehghani, Shirin Jahanmiri

This paper presents a comprehensive study on the numerical and experimental simulation of smooth blasting in limestone. The calibration of the numerical model was initiated through Brazilian and uniaxial compression tests on limestone samples. Compressive strength and Brazilian tensile strength of limestone were 70 MPa and 8 MPa. This enabled the determination of essential micro-parameters. Subsequently, smooth blasting scenarios were simulated under two distinct conditions: with and without confinement. Under confinement conditions, models with dimensions of 600 mm * 900 mm were constructed. The blasting hole was strategically positioned at varying distances from the free boundary, accompanied by a row of parallel holes positioned behind it. A confining pressure of 10 MPa was applied. Appropriate values for normal and shear damping, as well as the allocation of a viscous boundary, were established. Normal and shear damping values were equal to 0.4 and 0.3, respectively. Throughout different stages of blasting, critical parameters such as crack growth patterns, particle velocity, and induced loads near the blasting hole were meticulously recorded. Measuring circles were strategically placed in proximity to both the blasting hole and free boundary to capture induced forces. Parallel to the numerical simulations, an unconfined experimental test was conducted on limestone samples with similar dimensions. However, it was observed that the reflected tensile stress wave at the surface of the empty hole exacerbated damage to the rock mass between the blast hole and the empty holes. The presence of multiple empty holes significantly influenced the extension of the blasting-induced main fracture. Various factors, including the distance between the explosion source and the empty holes, played a pivotal role in the reflection tensile failure on the surface with no holes. Furthermore, it was found that increasing the separation between the empty holes and the blasting hole led to a reduction in kinetic energy and high friction energy. Conversely, widening the blasting holes amplified both peak friction energy and kinetic energy. Elevating the confining pressure resulted in a decrease in both peak friction energy and kinetic energy, while simultaneously increasing the strain energy. Additionally, extending the distance between the blasting hole and the free border led to a reduction in flying rock. Confining the area had a dual benefit of reducing induced force and mitigating the quantity of flying rock. The results from the experimental test and numerical simulation exhibited a consistent trend.

本文对石灰岩光面爆破的数值模拟和实验模拟进行了综合研究。数值模型的校准是通过对石灰石样品进行巴西和单轴压缩试验开始的。石灰石的抗压强度为70 MPa,巴西抗拉强度为8 MPa。这样就可以确定基本的微参数。随后,模拟了两种不同条件下的光面爆破场景:有约束和无约束。在约束条件下,构建了尺寸为600 mm * 900 mm的模型。爆破孔战略性地定位在离自由边界不同距离的位置,在其后面有一排平行的孔。围压为10 MPa。建立了合适的法向和剪切阻尼值,以及粘性边界的分配。法向和剪切阻尼值分别为0.4和0.3。在爆破的不同阶段,我们仔细记录了爆破孔附近的裂纹扩展模式、颗粒速度和诱导载荷等关键参数。测量圆被巧妙地放置在爆破孔和自由边界附近,以捕捉诱导力。在数值模拟的同时,对尺寸相近的石灰石试样进行了无侧限试验。然而,空孔表面反射的拉应力波加剧了空孔与爆破孔之间岩体的破坏。多个空孔的存在对爆破主裂缝的延伸有显著影响。在无孔表面发生反射拉伸破坏时,包括爆炸源与空孔之间的距离在内的各种因素都起着关键作用。进一步发现,增大空孔与爆破孔之间的距离,会导致动能降低和高摩擦能。相反,爆破孔的扩大增大了峰值摩擦能和动能。围压的升高导致峰值摩擦能和峰值动能均降低,同时应变能升高。此外,延长爆破孔与自由边界之间的距离导致飞石的减少。限制该区域具有减少诱导力和减少飞石数量的双重好处。实验结果与数值模拟结果基本一致。
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引用次数: 0
Confined binary particle mixing with a modified discrete element method 用改进的离散元素法进行密闭二元粒子混合
IF 2.8 3区 工程技术 Q1 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.1007/s40571-024-00767-2
Chao Jiang, Christopher A. Bareither, Paul R. Heyliger

A modified version of a nonlinear viscoelastic damping model is presented to better represent overall spherical particle response using the discrete element method (DEM) to simulate gravity-driven mixing of binary particles into a confined box. Nonlinear springs are used in the normal and tangential directions to simulate the contact forces, and an additional nonlinear annular spring is employed at the contact points to account for rolling friction. A viscous damping term related to the relative motion between contacting particles is applied to represent energy dissipation, and an alternative condition for checking the end of a collision is applied. The new model is shown to successfully recover the tangential force behavior in stick and sliding regions without having to introduce more complicated behavior. Results are in excellent agreement with existing benchmark tests, and the model is applied to evaluating several different mixing schemes using fixed geometric particle flow disruptors with sometimes surprising results.

本文介绍了非线性粘弹性阻尼模型的改进版本,以更好地表示使用离散元素法(DEM)模拟二元颗粒在重力驱动下进入密闭箱体的整体球形颗粒响应。在法线和切向方向使用非线性弹簧来模拟接触力,并在接触点使用额外的非线性环形弹簧来考虑滚动摩擦。采用了与接触颗粒间相对运动有关的粘性阻尼项来表示能量耗散,并采用了另一种检查碰撞结束的条件。结果表明,新模型能成功恢复粘性和滑动区域的切向力行为,而无需引入更复杂的行为。结果与现有的基准测试非常吻合,该模型还被用于评估使用固定几何粒子流扰动器的几种不同的混合方案,结果有时令人惊讶。
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引用次数: 0
Simulation of particle deposition in a channel with multi-vibrating elastic ribbons 利用多振动弹性带模拟颗粒在通道中的沉积
IF 2.8 3区 工程技术 Q1 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.1007/s40571-024-00755-6
Ehsan Mehrabi Gohari, Ataallah Soltani Goharrizi

This paper presents a computational study on the flow field, particle trajectory and deposition in a rectangular channel which includes multi-vibrating elastic ribbons mounted on different places of the channel. The diameter of particles varies between 10 μm and 40 μm. Two different places of a vibrating ribbon and four different places of multi-vibrating ribbons are considered. To compare, a fixed ribbon is also considered. Fluid flow equations are solved numerically based on the finite element method. The trajectory of particles was obtained by solving the equation of particle motion that included the inertial, viscous drag and gravity forces. The fluid–structure interaction was considered using an arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian method. Detailed analysis of the fluid velocity field and fluid–structure interaction is carried out to investigate the effect of vibrating ribbons on particle deposition. The results were compared with the available experimental and numerical data, and the accuracy of approach was evaluated. Results show that behind the vibrating ribbon, multiple vortices of different sizes are formed, which causes changes in the velocity gradient and flow fluctuations of the upstream and increases the percentage of particle deposition in that area compared to a fixed ribbon. For one ribbon cases, an increase in deposition efficiency is observed when the vibrating ribbon is mounted on the upper wall, and for multi-vibrating ribbon cases, this increase is also observed, but the percentage of deposition is lower than single-ribbon cases. In addition, increasing the diameter of particles and decreasing the Young’s modulus increase the deposition percentage of particles.

本文对矩形水道中的流场、颗粒轨迹和沉积进行了计算研究,该水道包括安装在水道不同位置的多振动弹性带。颗粒直径在 10 微米到 40 微米之间。考虑了一条振动带的两个不同位置和多条振动带的四个不同位置。为了进行比较,还考虑了固定振动带。流体流动方程根据有限元法进行数值求解。通过求解包括惯性力、粘性阻力和重力在内的粒子运动方程,得到了粒子的运动轨迹。使用任意拉格朗日-欧勒方法考虑了流体与结构的相互作用。对流体速度场和流固相互作用进行了详细分析,以研究振动带对粒子沉积的影响。研究结果与现有的实验和数值数据进行了比较,并对方法的准确性进行了评估。结果表明,与固定的振动带相比,在振动带后面会形成多个不同大小的漩涡,从而导致上游的速度梯度和流动波动发生变化,并增加了该区域颗粒沉积的百分比。在单振动带情况下,当振动带安装在上壁时,沉积效率会提高;在多振动带情况下,沉积效率也会提高,但沉积百分比低于单振动带情况。此外,增大颗粒直径和减小杨氏模量也会增加颗粒的沉积百分比。
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引用次数: 0
Predicting the rutting behaviour of asphalt concrete in the modified wheel tracking test using DEM and a cohesive viscoelastic–elastoplastic-damage contact model 利用 DEM 和粘弹性-弹性-损伤接触模型预测改良轮迹试验中沥青混凝土的车辙行为
IF 2.8 3区 工程技术 Q1 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.1007/s40571-024-00756-5
Dai Xuan Lu, Ha H. Bui, Mofreh Saleh

This study used an advanced modelling approach capable of capturing the complex behaviour of asphalt concrete to model the modified wheel tracking test using a recent advanced experimental test set-up in accordance with ASTM D8292-20. The modelling approach uses the discrete element method (DEM) to naturally produce the heterogeneous internal structure and governs the behaviour of asphalt concrete at the grain level by an interparticle contact model. The contact model used is capable of characterising the rate and time dependency, viscoelastic-damage, and plastic-damage behaviour of asphalt concrete utilising the coupling of an elastoplastic-damage law with a viscoelastic-damage law. Unlike the conventional wheel tracking tests run in a fixed boundary condition (fully confined), the modified wheel tracking test considers the effect of boundary conditions on the rutting behaviour of asphalt mixes. Through comparisons and verifications with laboratory data of the rutting test at different boundary conditions (fully confined and unconfined), the modelling approach shows its capability of capturing the rutting behaviour of asphalt concrete in the modified wheel tracking test. Micromechanics analysis shows that the third (tertiary) stage of rutting behaviour is due to the weakening of the internal structure of the asphalt samples with contact bond breaks over time, which is found in the unconfined test. Meanwhile, the tertiary stage hardly occurs in the fully confined test once densification leads to contact of the aggregate–aggregate skeleton, forming a rigid structure to resist the load with lateral support from the fixed boundary condition. Finally, a parametric study was also conducted to provide further insight into the current testing set-up, including the effect of the sample size and boundary condition on the rutting behaviour of asphalt concrete.

本研究采用了一种能够捕捉沥青混凝土复杂行为的先进建模方法,利用符合 ASTM D8292-20 标准的最新先进实验装置对改良车轮跟踪测试进行建模。建模方法使用离散元素法(DEM)自然生成异质内部结构,并通过颗粒间接触模型控制沥青混凝土在颗粒层面的行为。所使用的接触模型能够利用弹塑性损伤定律与粘弹性损伤定律的耦合,描述沥青混凝土的速率和时间依赖性、粘弹性损伤和塑性损伤行为。与在固定边界条件(完全密闭)下进行的传统车轮跟踪试验不同,修改后的车轮跟踪试验考虑了边界条件对沥青混合料车辙行为的影响。通过与不同边界条件(全密闭和非密闭)下车辙试验的实验室数据进行比较和验证,该建模方法显示了其在改良车轮跟踪试验中捕捉沥青混凝土车辙行为的能力。微观力学分析表明,车辙行为的第三阶段(三级)是由于沥青样品的内部结构随着时间的推移发生接触粘结断裂而减弱,这在非约束试验中是可以发现的。同时,在全密闭试验中,一旦致密化导致集料-集料骨架接触,形成刚性结构,在固定边界条件的横向支撑下抵抗荷载,则第三阶段几乎不会发生。最后,还进行了参数研究,以进一步了解当前的测试设置,包括样本大小和边界条件对沥青混凝土车辙行为的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Design and numerical simulation of a microfluidic lab-on-a-chip utilizing positive and negative dielectrophoresis technique for separation of multiple CTCs distinctly 利用正负介电泳技术设计微流控芯片实验室并进行数值模拟,以实现多种 CTC 的不同分离
IF 2.8 3区 工程技术 Q1 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1007/s40571-024-00760-9
Writtick Pakhira, R. Kumar, Khalid Mohd. Ibrahimi

Proper diagnosis and successful cancer therapy monitoring depend on the early identification of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) in a patient's blood. One of the most promising techniques is the dielectrophoresis (DEP) to separate CTCs from the blood cells. In this paper, to separate distinct multiple CTCs like A549 (lung cancer) CTCs and MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer) CTCs from the normal cells like white blood cell (WBCs) variants and red blood cell (RBCs), a lab-on-a-chip (LOC) device is designed using the positive and negative DEP technique. Two different electrode geometrical shapes, various voltages on electrodes and flow velocity ratios between sample and buffer inlets have been investigated in terms of separation performance in COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4 simulation. The segregation results dependent on finite element method showed that the LOC with trapezoid microcut electrode geometry achieved nearly 100% separation purity and efficiency at 200 kHz driving frequency, 21.6 Vp-p (peak to peak) electrode voltage and 1:2 velocity ratio between sample and buffer inlets.

We anticipate that a design this thorough and methodical will be appropriate to produce DEP-based relevant cell separation biochips.

正确的诊断和成功的癌症治疗监测取决于对患者血液中循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)的早期识别。最有前途的技术之一是介电泳(DEP),它能将 CTC 从血细胞中分离出来。本文利用正负电泳技术设计了一种片上实验室(LOC)装置,用于将 A549(肺癌)CTC 和 MDA-MB-231(乳腺癌)CTC 等多种不同的 CTC 从白细胞(WBC)变体和红细胞(RBC)等正常细胞中分离出来。在 COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4 仿真中对两种不同的电极几何形状、电极上的各种电压以及样品和缓冲液入口之间的流速比进行了分离性能研究。根据有限元法得出的分离结果表明,在 200 kHz 驱动频率、21.6 Vp-p(峰峰值)电极电压以及样品和缓冲液入口之间 1:2 的流速比条件下,采用梯形微切割电极几何形状的 LOC 几乎达到了 100% 的分离纯度和效率。我们预计,这种周密而有条不紊的设计将适用于生产基于 DEP 的相关细胞分离生物芯片。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of crack propagation and hydraulic fracturing behavior of coral reef limestone 珊瑚礁石灰岩裂缝扩展和水力压裂行为分析
IF 3.3 3区 工程技术 Q1 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1007/s40571-024-00759-2
Tingting Liu, Yiqiang Shao, Chao Zhang, Xinping Li, Yi Luo, Xiaoqing Wei

Understanding the hydraulic fracturing (HF) characteristics of coral reef limestone (CRL) is of great significance for improving the mining efficiency of seabed energy (such as gas and oil) and ensuring the stability of rock masses in marine underground engineering. To investigate the crack evolution mechanism of CRL under hydraulic coupling, numerical simulations of HF on CRL are carried out using particle flow code (PFC). Firstly, a numerical model method based on two-dimensional particle flow code (PFC2D) is proposed to establish the random pore distribution model of CRL, and its effectiveness is verified through indoor experiments. Then, based on the random pore distribution method (RPDM), a numerical model of HF is created, and a calculation formula for breakdown pressure during HF of CRL is established. The breakdown pressure obtained by these two methods is relatively consistent. Finally, the influence mechanism of porosity and confining stress on the hydraulic behavior of CRL is studied. Results indicate that the propagation direction of hydraulic fracture is related to porosity and confining stress. The interactions between pores and hydraulic fractures primarily include penetration, deflection, and obstruction. The presence of pores hinders the transmission of pore pressure, reducing the seepage capacity. With increasing porosity, CRL is more likely to develop macroscopic fractures, leading to fluctuations in water injection pressure. The fluctuations are related to the number of pores involved in crack propagation, pore volume, number of propagation paths, and path length. The breakdown pressure of CRL is affected by the stress on hole walls and confining stress. A higher breakdown pressure on hole walls indicates a greater stability of the surrounding rock under high hydraulic pressures. As for the initiation stress, it is influenced by the confining stress. As the confining stress increases, the breakdown pressure on hole walls increases. For non-uniform confining stress conditions, the breakdown pressure can be determined by the minimum confining stress.

了解珊瑚礁灰岩(CRL)的水力压裂(HF)特性对于提高海底能源(如天然气和石油)的开采效率以及确保海洋地下工程中岩体的稳定性具有重要意义。为研究水力耦合作用下珊瑚礁灰岩裂缝演化机理,利用粒子流代码(PFC)对珊瑚礁灰岩进行了高频数值模拟。首先,提出了一种基于二维粒子流代码(PFC2D)的数值模型方法,建立了 CRL 的随机孔隙分布模型,并通过室内试验验证了其有效性。然后,基于随机孔隙分布法(RPDM)建立了高频数值模型,并建立了 CRL 高频时击穿压力的计算公式。这两种方法得出的击穿压力相对一致。最后,研究了孔隙度和约束应力对 CRL 水力行为的影响机理。结果表明,水力断裂的传播方向与孔隙度和约束应力有关。孔隙与水力裂缝之间的相互作用主要包括渗透、偏转和阻塞。孔隙的存在阻碍了孔隙压力的传递,降低了渗流能力。随着孔隙度的增加,CRL 更容易出现宏观裂缝,导致注水压力波动。这种波动与参与裂缝扩展的孔隙数量、孔隙体积、扩展路径数量和路径长度有关。CRL 的击穿压力受孔壁应力和约束应力的影响。孔壁击穿压力越高,表明围岩在高水压下越稳定。至于起始应力,则受封闭应力的影响。随着约束应力的增加,孔壁的破坏压力也会增加。对于非均匀约束应力条件,击穿压力可由最小约束应力决定。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Computational Particle Mechanics
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