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Problem of spreading fake information in the Internet space analysis 互联网空间中虚假信息传播问题分析
Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI: 10.26425/2658-347x-2023-6-3-73-78
T. N. Kameneva, A. V. Kulchitskiy, S. A. Kotlyarov, M. Yu. Kazaryan, E. S. Orlova
Modern Internet space is filled with various kinds of information, including unreliable, fake information. In the current socio-cultural, socio-political, and socio-economic conditions, we should expect further increase in the spread of fakes and, as a consequence, their negative impact on people’s lives. The article analyses results of a sociological study on the attitude of the Kursk region population to fakes spread in the Internet space. The empirical basis of the study is the results of the online questionnaire survey conducted in September 2022 in the Kursk region. The sample population of the study was 521 people living in the territory of Kursk and Kursk region. Fakes are becoming a real part of life in modern society. Residents of the region are constantly faced with inaccurate information. They recognize its danger and note that fakes nevertheless “attract” their attention. The current situation requires additional measures development to regulate dissemination of information in the Internet space.
现代互联网空间充斥着各种各样的信息,包括不可靠的、虚假的信息。在当前的社会文化、社会政治和社会经济条件下,我们应该预期假货的传播会进一步增加,并因此对人们的生活产生负面影响。本文分析了库尔斯克地区人口对互联网空间中假货传播态度的社会学研究结果。本研究的实证基础是2022年9月在库尔斯克地区进行的在线问卷调查的结果。该研究的样本人口是居住在库尔斯克和库尔斯克地区的521人。假货正在成为现代社会生活的一部分。该地区的居民经常面临不准确的信息。他们认识到它的危险,并注意到赝品仍然“吸引”了他们的注意。目前的情况需要采取进一步的措施来规范互联网空间的信息传播。
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引用次数: 0
From quantitative measurement to understanding public demand: Exploring non-survey methods in applied regional research 从定量测量到了解公众需求:探索应用区域研究中的非调查方法
Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI: 10.26425/2658-347x-2023-6-3-21-33
K. Ye. Petrov, E. N. Minchenko, V. S. Lapin
The article builds on the well-developed problem of studying trust in society towards social institutions, as well as between individuals. Currently, contact quantitative sociology faces a number of challenges, and the level of consent to participate in surveys is steadily falling. In order to reliably assess public opinion, non-contact tools for studying the digital environment are already required. The application of non-survey techniques for collecting big data using a pre-formed thesaurus allows us to select data for analysis and circumvent the problems associated with respondent recruitment. The application of SML approach to analyze digital publications of Russian-speaking users from Novosibirsk (more than 450 thousand publications) collected in 2020 has been considered. The combination of quantitative and qualitative methods allowed us to describe the audience and categorize the areas of public distrust and dissatisfaction. The application of this approach can be useful for managerial tasks aimed at increasing trust in society. Thus, the study is a valuable contribution to the development of modern sociology and its applied aspects.
本文建立在研究社会对社会机构以及个人之间的信任这一成熟问题的基础上。目前,接触定量社会学面临着诸多挑战,参与调查的同意程度正在稳步下降。为了可靠地评估民意,已经需要研究数字环境的非接触式工具。使用预先形成的词库来收集大数据的非调查技术的应用使我们能够选择数据进行分析,并规避与受访者招募相关的问题。考虑应用SML方法分析2020年收集的新西伯利亚俄语用户的数字出版物(超过45万份出版物)。定量和定性方法的结合使我们能够描述听众,并对公众不信任和不满的领域进行分类。这种方法的应用对旨在增加社会信任的管理任务是有用的。因此,该研究对现代社会学及其应用的发展作出了宝贵的贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Ethnonational discourse of migrants in social networks on the example of Tajik and Kyrgyz virtual communities on VK 社交网络中移民的族群话语:以VK上的塔吉克族和吉尔吉斯族虚拟社区为例
Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI: 10.26425/2658-347x-2023-6-3-62-72
T. N. Yudina, D. A. Besfamilnyi
The use of Russian-language social networks by migrants from Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan, primarily on VK, has increased significantly in recent years. This network has enabled easy communication both within and between ethnic communities. It has become a social space of ethno-national discourse with its own laws and rules of social interaction, including conflictogenic one. At the same time, publications on ethno-national discourse of Tajik and Kyrgyz migrants in social networks are practically absent in Russian scientific literature. In this regard, the authors have set a goal to identify the features of ethno-national discourse of Kyrgyz and Tajik migrants in the VK Russian-language social network during the conflict on the Kyrgyz-Tajik border. The empirical basis of the study was the results of online questionnaire survey of 400 migrant respondents from Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan and qualitative analysis of their posts with a vivid news agenda about the relationship between the two countries. The peculiarities of ethno-national discourse of migrants in social networks between Tajik and Kyrgyz virtual groups consisted in an attempt to understand the ongoing conflict. As a rule, the discussion has come down to finding someone to blame or calling for the cessation of hostilities. The analysis has showed that hating had been actively developing in virtual interaction between migrants. At the same time, conciliatory actions on the part of both diasporas have been observed. The results have showed the need for constant monitoring of ethno-national discourse of Tajik and Kyrgyz migrants in social networks, as virtual interaction can very likely lead to real conflicts between representatives of Tajik and Kyrgyz diasporas in Russia.
近年来,塔吉克斯坦和吉尔吉斯斯坦移民使用俄语社交网络的人数显著增加,主要是在VK上。这一网络使各民族社区内部和社区之间的交流变得容易。它已经成为一个民族-民族话语的社会空间,有自己的社会互动规律和规则,包括冲突的规律和规则。与此同时,关于塔吉克和吉尔吉斯移民在社会网络中的民族话语的出版物在俄罗斯科学文献中几乎没有。在这方面,作者设定了一个目标,以确定吉尔吉斯-塔吉克边境冲突期间VK俄语社会网络中吉尔吉斯和塔吉克移民的民族话语特征。本研究的实证基础是对400名来自塔吉克斯坦和吉尔吉斯斯坦的移民进行在线问卷调查,并对他们关于两国关系的生动新闻议程的帖子进行定性分析。塔吉克族和吉尔吉斯族虚拟群体之间的社会网络中移民的种族-民族话语的特点在于试图理解正在进行的冲突。通常情况下,双方的讨论都归结为寻找责任人或呼吁停止敌对行动。分析表明,仇恨在移民之间的虚拟互动中一直在积极发展。与此同时,两国侨民都采取了和解行动。研究结果表明,有必要持续监测塔吉克和吉尔吉斯移民在社交网络中的民族话语,因为虚拟互动很可能导致塔吉克和吉尔吉斯移民在俄罗斯的代表之间发生真正的冲突。
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引用次数: 0
Digital media preferences’ transformation of modern Russian youth in connection with new realities 与新现实相联系的现代俄罗斯青年的数字媒体偏好的转变
Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI: 10.26425/2658-347x-2023-6-3-4-10
D. V. Dolgopolov, A. I. Eremeeva
The article considers features of modern Russian youth media preferences transformation against the activity’s restrictions of digital social platforms as Instagram, TikTok, etc. The authors have assumed that the “flow” of youth audience to other platforms would occur at a very rapid pace, and new platforms would be mastered in the shortest possible time, i.e. adaptation would be maximally effective. It has also been hypothesized that new platforms creation would attract youth audience, which would seek to “close” their consumer preferences through the newly emerging digital platforms in Russia, replacing those that were legally restricted. To test the above hypotheses, we have surveyed young people aged 18–24, who are the main audience that, according to the hypothesis of this study, would be most affected by media environment transformation. The main hypotheses have been tested by means of several blocks of questions to which the respondents gave answers first within the framework of a standardized questionnaire and then in free form within the framework of interviewing by the researchers. As a result of the study, it has been found out that the specifics of media preferences transformation among young people is not so significant compared to general changes in society, and therefore recommendations for further research directions have been put forward.
本文针对Instagram、TikTok等数字社交平台的活动限制,考虑了现代俄罗斯青年媒体偏好转变的特点。作者假设年轻受众以非常快的速度“流向”其他平台,在最短的时间内掌握新平台,即适应效果最大化。还有一种假设是,新平台的创建将吸引年轻受众,他们将寻求通过俄罗斯新兴的数字平台“关闭”他们的消费偏好,取代那些受到法律限制的平台。为了验证上述假设,我们调查了18-24岁的年轻人,根据本研究的假设,他们是受媒体环境转型影响最大的主要受众。主要假设已经通过几个问题块的方式进行了测试,受访者首先在标准化问卷的框架内给出了答案,然后在研究人员访谈的框架内以自由形式给出了答案。通过研究发现,与社会的总体变化相比,年轻人媒介偏好转变的具体情况并不明显,因此提出了进一步研究方向的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Risk-Generating aspect of public history in digital environment (on the example of Russian video blogging in the 2020s) 数字环境下公共历史的风险产生方面(以21世纪20年代俄罗斯视频博客为例)
Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI: 10.26425/2658-347x-2023-6-3-11-20
Yu. V. Nikulich
The article contains materials of a sociological study of public history sociocultural practices in social media. Based on the analysis of data from in-depth interviews with experts in the field of media history (N = 60) conducted in 2022-2023, a classification of the main risks that a historian faces on the Web has been compiled. The concept of digital capital was used as a theoretical framework, considering it as a relevant component of cultural, symbolic, and social types of capital. Digital transformation of society, including education system, is a factor in digitalization and democratization of knowledge. In this process, academic communities, commercial projects, initiative groups, and individual citizens face a number of risks associated with acquisition and realization of their capitals. The analysis of the research results allowed us to conclude that the relevant sources of risks are the communicative and financial side of activity. The issue of confrontation between academic community and digital popularizers of history remains debatable, as experts point out the danger of deprofessionalization in case of excessive audience orientation. Since riskiness goes hand in hand with societal instability, uncertainty, and hypervariability, political and corporate suppression of certain discourses and dynamic development of information and communication technologies have been highlighted as risks. The latter creates both risks and potential for public history development, historians mastering a new set of competences and obtaining differentiated sources of income. In this process, intangible capital is converted into material capital, actualizing the financial side of practices.
这篇文章包含了社会媒体中公共历史社会文化实践的社会学研究材料。根据对媒体史领域专家(N = 60)在2022-2023年进行的深度访谈数据的分析,编制了历史学家在网络上面临的主要风险分类。数字资本的概念被用作理论框架,将其视为文化、符号和社会类型资本的相关组成部分。包括教育系统在内的社会数字化转型是知识数字化和民主化的一个因素。在这个过程中,学术团体、商业项目、倡议团体和公民个人都面临着与资本获取和实现相关的许多风险。对研究结果的分析使我们得出结论,风险的相关来源是活动的沟通和财务方面。学界和数字化历史普及者之间的对抗问题仍然存在争议,专家们指出,如果过度以受众为导向,就会出现去专业化的危险。由于风险与社会不稳定、不确定性和高度可变性密切相关,政治和企业对某些话语的压制以及信息和通信技术的动态发展被强调为风险。后者为公共历史的发展创造了风险和潜力,历史学家掌握了一套新的能力,并获得了不同的收入来源。在这个过程中,无形资本转化为物质资本,实现了实践的财务方面。
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引用次数: 0
Risks of educational space digitalization as digital demarcators of modern university corporate environment 教育空间数字化风险:现代大学企业环境的数字边界
Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI: 10.26425/2658-347x-2023-6-3-34-44
Ya. I. Serkina, A. E. Ushamirsky, G. A. Elnikova
The article deals with the problem of replication of educational space digitalization risks in modern higher education institutions by representatives of university subcorporations. It has been presented that modern higher education institution is gradually turning into a quasi-corporation, in which employees and students have a specific corporate consciousness. The article is based on the idea that digital risks arising in the process of educational space digitalization in ­modern higher education institutions act as attitude demarcators to the ongoing transformations on the part of university subcorporations representatives, the main of which are administrative staff, professors, researchers, and students. The results of the author’s sociological research conducted in the period from 2019 to 2022, expert surveys and focus group interviews have been used, in the course of which valid and representative data had been obtained. Depending on perception of the education system digitalization strategy, representatives of higher education subcorporations have been conditionally divided into four groups: “consistent supporters”, “moderate pragmatists”, “skeptics”, and “undecided”. Each of them, except for the last one, has been characterized by specific risk dispositions (risk-dispositions). The definition of risk dispositions is conditional: “risk progressors”, “risk managers”, “risk oppositionists”. The article defines the demarcators regulating the dispositions of university subcorporations representatives.
本文以高校子公司为代表,探讨了现代高校教育空间数字化风险的复制问题。现代高等教育机构正逐渐向准企业化转变,员工和学生都具有特定的企业意识。本文认为,现代高校在教育空间数字化过程中所产生的数字化风险,对以行政管理人员、教授、科研人员和学生为主体的高校法人代表的转型具有重要的态度标尺作用。本文采用了作者在2019年至2022年期间进行的社会学研究结果,专家调查和焦点小组访谈,在此过程中获得了有效且具有代表性的数据。根据对教育系统数字化战略的看法,高等教育子公司的代表被有条件地分为四组:“一贯的支持者”、“温和的实用主义者”、“怀疑论者”和“犹豫不决”。除了最后一种,每一种都有特定的风险倾向(risk-disposition)。风险处置的定义是有条件的:“风险进步者”、“风险管理者”、“风险反对者”。本文界定了规范高校法人代表配置的界限。
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引用次数: 0
Social risks of internet activity of virtual communities 虚拟社区网络活动的社会风险
Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI: 10.26425/2658-347x-2023-6-3-45-53
N. S. Zimova, E. V. Fomin
The article studies a phenomenon of Internet activism of virtual communities, identifies their essence and characteristics, and analyzes possible social risks of their activities. The authors substantiate a position that such communities are able to quickly mobilize users for coordinated actions in social reality, responding to economic, social, political, and cultural events. These activities are generally oppositional to established values and social institutions and carry social risks. Based on the approaches of G. Rheingold, N. Baym, and B. Wellman, the authors propose, justify, and develop their own typology of virtual communities depending on their Internet activity. The article focuses on the activity of explicitly virtual (latently real) communities that influence social reality through protest performances, flash mobs, spam attacks, Internet actions, etc. Using the case study method, the authors examine Reddit’s r/wallstreetbets and V.V. Pozdnyakov’s Muzhskoe Gosudarstvo Telegram communities. Based on the analysis of the Internet activism practices of virtual communities, risks and threats of uncontrolled and spontaneous actions on their part have been demonstrated. As a result, need for multidimensional analysis of virtual communities by government agencies, business representatives, and research scientific centers has been noted.
本文研究了虚拟社区的网络行动主义现象,明确了其本质和特征,并分析了其活动可能带来的社会风险。作者证实了这样一种观点,即这样的社区能够迅速动员用户在社会现实中采取协调一致的行动,对经济、社会、政治和文化事件作出反应。这些活动通常与既定的价值观和社会制度背道而驰,并具有社会风险。基于G. Rheingold、N. Baym和B. Wellman的方法,作者根据他们的互联网活动提出、证明并发展了他们自己的虚拟社区类型。这篇文章关注的是明确虚拟(潜在真实)社区的活动,这些社区通过抗议表演、快闪族、垃圾邮件攻击、互联网行动等方式影响社会现实。使用案例研究方法,作者研究了Reddit的r/wallstreetbets和V.V. Pozdnyakov的Muzhskoe Gosudarstvo Telegram社区。通过对虚拟社区网络行动主义实践的分析,论证了虚拟社区不受控制和自发行动的风险和威胁。因此,人们注意到政府机构、企业代表和研究科学中心需要对虚拟社区进行多维分析。
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引用次数: 0
Changing content plan structure of companies operating in Russia and represented on VK 改变在俄罗斯运营的公司和VK代表的内容计划结构
Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI: 10.26425/2658-347x-2023-6-3-54-61
L. G. Akhmaeva, A. I. Eremeeva
The article identifies six main types of content: communication, entertainment, situational, news, sales, and reputation. The study analyzes changes in content plan structure of companies providing various categories of consumer goods in 2022. The reviewed companies operate in Russia, have official accounts VK and actively interact with users. These companies’ activity on VK has been reviewed and analyzed and trends in various types of content placement considered. The regularities in companies’ content plan change and types of prevailing content for 2022 have been highlighted. The article concludes that Russian companies are facing a serious challenge related to the vacated market niches due to a number of foreign brands market withdrawal. Companies that change their content plan in the direction of active interaction with users and effective use of available social network opportunities will have a clear advantage over those ones that continue to focus their efforts on Western resources, access to which is significantly hindered, and advertising placement and use of paid promotion tools are illegal.
本文确定了六种主要的内容类型:交流、娱乐、情景、新闻、销售和声誉。该研究分析了2022年各类消费品企业的内容计划结构变化情况。被审查的公司在俄罗斯运营,拥有官方账号VK,并积极与用户互动。我们对这些公司在VK上的活动进行了审查和分析,并考虑了各种类型内容放置的趋势。2022年企业内容计划变化规律和主流内容类型凸显。文章的结论是,由于一些外国品牌退出市场,俄罗斯公司正面临着与空出的市场利基相关的严重挑战。比起那些继续专注于西方资源的公司,那些改变内容计划,与用户进行积极互动并有效利用现有社交网络机会的公司将具有明显的优势,因为西方资源的访问受到严重阻碍,广告投放和付费推广工具的使用是非法的。
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引用次数: 0
Employees’ training to master digital tools in the process of modeling pedagogical design for work programs in the disciplines’ psychological cycle 培训员工掌握数字化工具的过程中建模教学设计的工作方案在学科的心理周期
Pub Date : 2023-06-28 DOI: 10.26425/2658-347x-2023-6-2-99-106
O. I. Shcherbakova
   Objectives of the training program “Pedagogical design tools digital learning content” are: the training program’s development and testing of digital educational technology instructional design for the teaching staff of the university in the blended learning; system formation of knowledge about digital literacy and digital competence; learning the digital learning technologies’ use in the work programs of the psychological disciplines’ unit in the context of a hybrid learning. Before conducting the teaching, the author conducted a survey of the participants, which demonstrated that 77 % of respondents are willing to learn new skills; 74 % view learning as a question of personal responsibility; 80 % sure that they can adapt to new technologies in the teaching of their subject. 72 % of respondents said that they had not used digital tools before. The results also showed that the motivation for the training of teachers was an inner desire to be a professional (35,8 %); the striving for new knowledge (42,9 %). The requirement for mandatory training is important for one third of the members. The basis of training is founded on the Model 6D (6 disciplines) developed by Roy Pollock with colleagues. To help our teachers the author was developed guidelines for the development of digital skills among teachers and recorded online course (use the following tools: “Mentimetr” for training and development of personnel in the organization in the competence management system; “SessionLab” – for training of employees in the company; “Kahoot” to check the students’ knowledge on the employees’ development in the company and for online interaction; “WhenSpeak” – for analysis the performance of a corporate university, alternative methods of training and personnel development; Board “Lino” was used as an example of work on social learning within the team).
“教学设计工具数字化学习内容”培训计划的目标是:为大学教职员工在混合学习中开发和测试数字教育技术教学设计培训计划;数字素养和数字能力知识体系的形成;在混合学习的背景下,学习数字学习技术在心理学学科单元工作计划中的使用。在进行教学之前,作者对参与者进行了调查,结果表明77%的受访者愿意学习新技能;74%的人认为学习是个人责任的问题;80%的人确信他们能够适应学科教学中的新技术。72%的受访者表示,他们以前没有使用过数字工具。结果还表明,教师培训的动机是成为一名专业人员的内在愿望(35.8%);对新知识的追求(42.9%)。强制性培训的要求对三分之一的成员来说很重要。培训的基础是Roy Pollock与同事开发的6D模型(6个学科)。为了帮助我们的教师,作者制定了教师数字技能发展指南,并录制了在线课程(使用以下工具:“Mentimeter”,用于在能力管理系统中培训和发展组织中的人员;“SessionLab”,用于培训公司员工;“Kahoot”检查学生对员工在公司发展的了解,并进行在线互动;“WhenSpeak”——用于分析企业大学的绩效、培训和人员发展的替代方法;董事会“Lino”被用作团队内部社会学习工作的一个例子)。
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引用次数: 0
Agricultural workers’ labour satisfaction dependence in Russia with the use of the internet in professional activities 俄罗斯农业工人劳动满意度与专业活动中互联网使用的依赖关系
Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.26425/2658-347x-2023-6-2-40-50
Svetlana G. Bylina
   Digitalization process in the Russian agro-industrial complex is connected with an increase in the need for highly qualified personnel with competencies in the field of information and communication technologies. One of the most important incentives for consolidation highly professional personnel in rural areas is a high degree of employee satisfaction with the results of their work.   The article purpose is to determine the influence degree of the Internet use by Russian agricultural workers for professional purposes on various aspects of their labour satisfaction. Based on data from   The Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey – Higher School of Economics (RLMS-HSE) from 2010 to 2021, a various aspects’ comparative dynamic analysis of the labour satisfaction level of Internet users and non-users for production purposes, as well as the dynamics analysis of the Internet use by agricultural workers with the dynamics of job satisfaction level various aspects was carried out. Correlation analysis determined the influence degree of professional Internet use on the level of labour satisfaction; a dependence modeling between various aspects of labour satisfaction on the using the Internet intensity for professional purposes was accomplished. It is established that the information and communication technologies’ use increases the degree of satisfaction with various aspects of labor activity, having a special impact on professional growth opportunities. However, the growth of digital competencies raises the employees’ ambition level and, accordingly, decreases the level of his or her labour satisfaction. In order to consolidate highly professional personnel in the industry, a multi-faceted approach is needed, including all possible mechanisms of social and economic support that contribute to growth the satisfaction level of an agricultural employee with the results of his or her labor activity.
俄罗斯农工业综合体的数字化进程与对具有信息和通信技术领域能力的高素质人员的需求增加有关。巩固农村地区高度专业人员的最重要激励因素之一是员工对其工作成果的高度满意度。本文旨在确定俄罗斯农业工人出于职业目的使用互联网对其劳动满意度各方面的影响程度。基于俄罗斯高等经济学院(RLMS-HSE)2010-2021年的纵向监测调查数据,对互联网用户和非生产用户的劳动满意度进行了多方面的比较动态分析,以及对农业劳动者使用互联网的动态与工作满意度的动态进行了多方面的分析。相关分析确定了职业互联网使用对劳动满意度的影响程度;完成了劳动满意度各方面对出于专业目的使用互联网强度的依赖性建模。信息和通信技术的使用提高了人们对劳动活动各个方面的满意度,对职业成长机会产生了特殊影响。然而,数字能力的增长提高了员工的雄心水平,从而降低了员工的劳动满意度。为了巩固该行业的高度专业化人员,需要一种多方面的方法,包括所有可能的社会和经济支持机制,这些机制有助于提高农业员工对其劳动活动结果的满意度。
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