Pub Date : 2024-07-24DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v1i1.7831.118-130
June Cahyaningtyas
An examination of sustainable living practices through the lens of ecofeminism is the subject of this article. In this article, sustainable living practices refers to the actual implementation of environmentalism ideas in everyday situation. The selection of this subject is deemed significant due to the prevailing trend in environmental literature to associate it as pro-environmental behaviour that, unlike environmental activism, exclusively with the uppermiddle class, thereby rendering it feeble, apolitical, and inconsequential. This study aims to evaluate the correlation between pro-environmental behaviour and environmental action and activism by examining sustainable living practices through the lens of gender. Departing from Ecofeminism, it attempts to incorporate insights from relevant literature to enhance the discussion. Availing from exploratory field observations, this study uses Indonesia as a case studies. The study found that, in addition to the availability of social media and spiritualfactors, there are educational orientation that, related to cultural and religious aspects, bridges private/public elements as well as agents/victims division in Ecofeminism discourse. The transformation of the movement’s character from individualist to collectivist is influenced by global political dynamics, as well as showing the moral and spiritual orientation of this movement. Keywords: sustainable living practice, ecofeminism, environmental care, pro-environmental behaviour, environmental activism
{"title":"The Interplay of Public/Private and Agent/Victim Dualism in Sustainable Living Practice: Indonesia’s Case","authors":"June Cahyaningtyas","doi":"10.26593/jihi.v1i1.7831.118-130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26593/jihi.v1i1.7831.118-130","url":null,"abstract":"An examination of sustainable living practices through the lens of ecofeminism is the subject of this article. In this article, sustainable living practices refers to the actual implementation of environmentalism ideas in everyday situation. The selection of this subject is deemed significant due to the prevailing trend in environmental literature to associate it as pro-environmental behaviour that, unlike environmental activism, exclusively with the uppermiddle class, thereby rendering it feeble, apolitical, and inconsequential. This study aims to evaluate the correlation between pro-environmental behaviour and environmental action and activism by examining sustainable living practices through the lens of gender. Departing from Ecofeminism, it attempts to incorporate insights from relevant literature to enhance the discussion. Availing from exploratory field observations, this study uses Indonesia as a case studies. The study found that, in addition to the availability of social media and spiritualfactors, there are educational orientation that, related to cultural and religious aspects, bridges private/public elements as well as agents/victims division in Ecofeminism discourse. The transformation of the movement’s character from individualist to collectivist is influenced by global political dynamics, as well as showing the moral and spiritual orientation of this movement.\u0000 \u0000Keywords: sustainable living practice, ecofeminism, environmental care, pro-environmental behaviour, environmental activism","PeriodicalId":53014,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional","volume":"57 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141809763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-24DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v1i1.7810.105-117
M. Dewi, Melaty Anggraini, Iva Rachmawati
This research explores the decision to have child freedom, namely the choice not to have children, as a form of ecofeminist praxis in supporting climate change action. By integrating ecofeminist theory, this study aims to analyze the individual impact of child freedom decisions on climate change and explore the gender dimensions that may be involved. Adopting a literature study approach, this research details how these decisions can be understood through an ecofeminist lens, linking issues of gender and reproductive choices to the ecological responsibility of individuals. Through an in-depth literature analysis, this research strengthens the argument that child freedom can be articulated as a positive action in reducing an individual's ecological footprint and consideringthe social impact of gender in the context of climate change. This discussion highlights ecofeminist perspectives in the context of child freedom and explores how policy and society can support this choice as a concrete contribution to environmental sustainability. It is hoped that the results of this research can deepen our understanding of the relationship between gender issues, family decisions, and climate change action. The implications of these findings can provide a basis for the development of more inclusive policies and support concrete steps in overcoming the challenges of climate change. Keywords: Child Freedom; Gender; Ecofeminism; Climate Change Action.
{"title":"Child Freedom as Ecofeminist Praxis: Navigating Gender, Reproductive Choice, and Climate Action","authors":"M. Dewi, Melaty Anggraini, Iva Rachmawati","doi":"10.26593/jihi.v1i1.7810.105-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26593/jihi.v1i1.7810.105-117","url":null,"abstract":"This research explores the decision to have child freedom, namely the choice not to have children, as a form of ecofeminist praxis in supporting climate change action. By integrating ecofeminist theory, this study aims to analyze the individual impact of child freedom decisions on climate change and explore the gender dimensions that may be involved. Adopting a literature study approach, this research details how these decisions can be understood through an ecofeminist lens, linking issues of gender and reproductive choices to the ecological responsibility of individuals. Through an in-depth literature analysis, this research strengthens the argument that child freedom can be articulated as a positive action in reducing an individual's ecological footprint and consideringthe social impact of gender in the context of climate change. This discussion highlights ecofeminist perspectives in the context of child freedom and explores how policy and society can support this choice as a concrete contribution to environmental sustainability. It is hoped that the results of this research can deepen our understanding of the relationship between gender issues, family decisions, and climate change action. The implications of these findings can provide a basis for the development of more inclusive policies and support concrete steps in overcoming the challenges of climate change.\u0000Keywords: Child Freedom; Gender; Ecofeminism; Climate Change Action.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":53014,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional","volume":"35 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141809976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-24DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v1i1.7842.174-188
E. Dewi, Dyah Ayunda, P. Andalas, Y. Lede
Sekitar dua dekade terakhir, Pulau Sumba mengalami pergeseran pola penghidupan pasca pemekaran empat kabupaten di wilayah tersebut. Perubahan tersebut diawali dengan program pembangunan di Indonesia melalui perluasan agro-industrial di wilayah yang dianggap kurang subur. Selain itu karakteristik wilayahnya yang berbukit dengan padang rumput yang luas dan juga tradisi masyarakat adat Marapu di Sumba telah menarik perhatian industri pariwisata. Oleh sebab itu, masyarakat adat mengalami peralihan sistem kepemilikan lahan dan sebagian mereka beralih pada strategi penghidupan pengelolaan pertanian kecil hingga aktivitas nonpertanian, seperti pertambangan atau menjadi tenaga kerja migran. Perubahan ini juga mempengaruhi pembagian kerja gender dan juga nilai simbolis masyarakat adat Sumba, seperti aktivitas menenun yang dilakukan oleh para perempuan. Mereka memanfaatkan keterampilan yang mereka peroleh secara turun-temurun untuk merespon kondisi tersebut dan menunjang resiliensi keluarga dan komunitasnya. Untuk memahami perubahan kondisi penghidupan, makna simbol, serta narasi perempuan, penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dalam Kerangka Kerja Penghidupan Berkelanjutan berperspektif ekofeminisme. Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana agensi para perempuan penenun dalam merespon perubahan pola penghidupan di tengah implementasi program pembangunan yang berorientasi kapitalis-patriarki. Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa agensi dan aktivisme para perempuan penenun dipengaruhi oleh faktor sejarah afektif dengan mengadaptasi nilai simbolis adat tenun menjadi bernilai ekonomis dan emansipatoris. Kata Kunci: penghidupan, perempuan penenun, keluarga, komunitas, agensi, program pembangunan.
{"title":"Pergeseran Penghidupan dan Agensi Perempuan","authors":"E. Dewi, Dyah Ayunda, P. Andalas, Y. Lede","doi":"10.26593/jihi.v1i1.7842.174-188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26593/jihi.v1i1.7842.174-188","url":null,"abstract":"Sekitar dua dekade terakhir, Pulau Sumba mengalami pergeseran pola penghidupan pasca pemekaran empat kabupaten di wilayah tersebut. Perubahan tersebut diawali dengan program pembangunan di Indonesia melalui perluasan agro-industrial di wilayah yang dianggap kurang subur. Selain itu karakteristik wilayahnya yang berbukit dengan padang rumput yang luas dan juga tradisi masyarakat adat Marapu di Sumba telah menarik perhatian industri pariwisata. Oleh sebab itu, masyarakat adat mengalami peralihan sistem kepemilikan lahan dan sebagian mereka beralih pada strategi penghidupan pengelolaan pertanian kecil hingga aktivitas nonpertanian, seperti pertambangan atau menjadi tenaga kerja migran. Perubahan ini juga mempengaruhi pembagian kerja gender dan juga nilai simbolis masyarakat adat Sumba, seperti aktivitas menenun yang dilakukan oleh para perempuan. Mereka memanfaatkan keterampilan yang mereka peroleh secara turun-temurun untuk merespon kondisi tersebut dan menunjang resiliensi keluarga dan komunitasnya. Untuk memahami perubahan kondisi penghidupan, makna simbol, serta narasi perempuan, penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dalam Kerangka Kerja Penghidupan Berkelanjutan berperspektif ekofeminisme. Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana agensi para perempuan penenun dalam merespon perubahan pola penghidupan di tengah implementasi program pembangunan yang berorientasi kapitalis-patriarki. Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa agensi dan aktivisme para perempuan penenun dipengaruhi oleh faktor sejarah afektif dengan mengadaptasi nilai simbolis adat tenun menjadi bernilai ekonomis dan emansipatoris. \u0000Kata Kunci: penghidupan, perempuan penenun, keluarga, komunitas, agensi, program pembangunan.","PeriodicalId":53014,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141809482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-24DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v1i1.8292.200-204
D. Kusumaningrum
Tidak ada jalan tunggal menuju keadilan gender. Ini tercermin, antara lain, dari keragaman resep yang ditawarkan feminisme. Yang saling berbeda bukan saja resep para feminis liberal, feminis sosialis, feminis radikal, feminis pascastrukturalis, feminis pascakolonial, feminis ekologis, dan sebagainya. Di dalam masing-masing aliran pun terdapat opsi remedi yang sangat luas, belum lagi yang muncul dari irisan aneka aliran itu. Kekayaan ini diikat oleh beberapa komitmen metodologis, termasuk intersubjektivitas, interseksionalitas, dan refleksivitas. Epilog ini ditulis dalam rangka merayakan pluralisme metodologis di kalangan Komunitas Epistemik Gender dan Hubungan Internasional. Selain mengajak pembacanya mengapresiasi kelihaian penulis dalam mengaplikasikan ekofeminisme, epilog ini mencatat beberapa agenda penting guna mendorong “ekofeminisme dari Selatan.”
{"title":"Ekofeminisme dari Selatan?","authors":"D. Kusumaningrum","doi":"10.26593/jihi.v1i1.8292.200-204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26593/jihi.v1i1.8292.200-204","url":null,"abstract":"Tidak ada jalan tunggal menuju keadilan gender. Ini tercermin, antara lain, dari keragaman resep yang ditawarkan feminisme. Yang saling berbeda bukan saja resep para feminis liberal, feminis sosialis, feminis radikal, feminis pascastrukturalis, feminis pascakolonial, feminis ekologis, dan sebagainya. Di dalam masing-masing aliran pun terdapat opsi remedi yang sangat luas, belum lagi yang muncul dari irisan aneka aliran itu. Kekayaan ini diikat oleh beberapa komitmen metodologis, termasuk intersubjektivitas, interseksionalitas, dan refleksivitas. \u0000Epilog ini ditulis dalam rangka merayakan pluralisme metodologis di kalangan Komunitas Epistemik Gender dan Hubungan Internasional. Selain mengajak pembacanya mengapresiasi kelihaian penulis dalam mengaplikasikan ekofeminisme, epilog ini mencatat beberapa agenda penting guna mendorong “ekofeminisme dari Selatan.” ","PeriodicalId":53014,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional","volume":"42 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141807070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v19i1.6000.94-106
Leonard Felix Hutabarat
Geopark telah dikembangkan saat ini untuk dua dekade terakhir, dan sejumlah tahapan dapat dikenal dalam perkembangannya. Bagaimana masa depan geopark global ? Sejak ditetapkan oleh UNESCO, berbagai geopark global meningkat setiap tahun. Pada tingkat negara, Indonesia hanya memiliki kurang dari 6 (enam) UNESCO Global Geoparks dibandingkan dengan kekayaan yang dimiliki dan keanekaragaman geologi yang ada di Indonesia, yang menunjukkan lokasi-lokasi warisan geologi. Pengembangan geopark nasional menuju UNESCO Global Geoparks menunjukkan menjadi salah satu instrumen yang efektif dalam pembangunan kawasan. Pembangunan UNESCO Global Geoparks tidak hanya salah satu upaya dalam mengembangkan geotourism, namun juga meningkatkan pembangunan ekonomi. Pembangunan geopark nasional Indonesia menjadi UNESCO Global Geoparks dapat menjadi salah satu upaya menghasilkan peluang kerja dan manfaat ekonomi, kesejahteraan sosial dan konservasi kawasan. Pengembangan geopark nasional Indonesia menjadi UNESCO Global Geoparks juga akan menjadi salah satu strategi dalam diplomasi geotourism Indonesia. Kata Kunci : geopark; UNESCO Global Geopark; diplomasi; geotourism
{"title":"Pengembangan Geopark Nasional Indonesia menuju UNESCO Global Geopark sebagai Diplomasi Geotourism Indonesia","authors":"Leonard Felix Hutabarat","doi":"10.26593/jihi.v19i1.6000.94-106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26593/jihi.v19i1.6000.94-106","url":null,"abstract":"Geopark telah dikembangkan saat ini untuk dua dekade terakhir, dan sejumlah tahapan dapat dikenal dalam perkembangannya. Bagaimana masa depan geopark global ? Sejak ditetapkan oleh UNESCO, berbagai geopark global meningkat setiap tahun. Pada tingkat negara, Indonesia hanya memiliki kurang dari 6 (enam) UNESCO Global Geoparks dibandingkan dengan kekayaan yang dimiliki dan keanekaragaman geologi yang ada di Indonesia, yang menunjukkan lokasi-lokasi warisan geologi. Pengembangan geopark nasional menuju UNESCO Global Geoparks menunjukkan menjadi salah satu instrumen yang efektif dalam pembangunan kawasan. Pembangunan UNESCO Global Geoparks tidak hanya salah satu upaya dalam mengembangkan geotourism, namun juga meningkatkan pembangunan ekonomi. Pembangunan geopark nasional Indonesia menjadi UNESCO Global Geoparks dapat menjadi salah satu upaya menghasilkan peluang kerja dan manfaat ekonomi, kesejahteraan sosial dan konservasi kawasan. Pengembangan geopark nasional Indonesia menjadi UNESCO Global Geoparks juga akan menjadi salah satu strategi dalam diplomasi geotourism Indonesia. \u0000Kata Kunci : geopark; UNESCO Global Geopark; diplomasi; geotourism","PeriodicalId":53014,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional","volume":"31 8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84606871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v19i1.6409.60-78
Gita Karisma, Khairunnisa Simbolon
Penyebaran Covid-19 yang cepat menjangkau hingga ke wilayah konflik. Penanggulan masalah covid di wilayah konflik, menjadi cukup mengkhawatirkan saat negara yang mestinya mampu untuk mengatasi secara serius masalah pandemi ini, justru terlibat dalam konflik dan berselisih dengan kelompok etnis atau kelompok separatis tertentu. Artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan melihat bagaimana sikap negara dalam menangani masalah covid di wilayah konflik internal. Netralitas dan totalitas negara diuji dalam memberikan hak dan upaya yang adil dalam mengatasi masalah penyebaran wabah ini. Ada kecendrungan sikap diskrimintif dan kelambanan pemerintah dalam mengatasi masalah covid di wilayah konflik internal. Penanggulangan menjadi makin sulit disebabkan kerentanan wilayah konflik, yang sejak lama memiliki masalah kekurangan infrastruktur, buruknya layanan kesehatan, kemiskinan, dan adanya sentimen dan ketidakpercayaan antara kedua belah pihak. Kata Kunci: Covid-19, Kebijakan, Kerentanan, Konflik, Negara
{"title":"Kerentanan Wilayah Konflik dan Upaya Negara dalam Mengatasi Covid di Wilayah Konflik Asia","authors":"Gita Karisma, Khairunnisa Simbolon","doi":"10.26593/jihi.v19i1.6409.60-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26593/jihi.v19i1.6409.60-78","url":null,"abstract":"Penyebaran Covid-19 yang cepat menjangkau hingga ke wilayah konflik. Penanggulan masalah covid di wilayah konflik, menjadi cukup mengkhawatirkan saat negara yang mestinya mampu untuk mengatasi secara serius masalah pandemi ini, justru terlibat dalam konflik dan berselisih dengan kelompok etnis atau kelompok separatis tertentu. Artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan melihat bagaimana sikap negara dalam menangani masalah covid di wilayah konflik internal. Netralitas dan totalitas negara diuji dalam memberikan hak dan upaya yang adil dalam mengatasi masalah penyebaran wabah ini. Ada kecendrungan sikap diskrimintif dan kelambanan pemerintah dalam mengatasi masalah covid di wilayah konflik internal. Penanggulangan menjadi makin sulit disebabkan kerentanan wilayah konflik, yang sejak lama memiliki masalah kekurangan infrastruktur, buruknya layanan kesehatan, kemiskinan, dan adanya sentimen dan ketidakpercayaan antara kedua belah pihak. \u0000Kata Kunci: Covid-19, Kebijakan, Kerentanan, Konflik, Negara \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":53014,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85035725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v19i1.5773.25-38
A. Paksi, A. Hutami
Human trafficking has been one of the prolonged transnational organized crime issues in Indonesia, especially in East Nusa Tenggara Province (NTT). Though government has made some efforts to address the issue, the trafficking cases in the region still remains high. This research attempts to analyze and challenge the existing anti-trafficking scheme designed and performed by the government. Using a qualitative research method, this research found that the government has managed to include non-state stakeholders—such as NGOs and civil society organizations—in its counter trafficking strategy. However, the role of non-state stakeholders are still limited and regarded as a mere technical support as well as an assistance provider for the trafficking victims, rather than engaged in an early and further strategic stage. The established cooperation tends to represent a partnership instead of a collaboration. This research highlights the urgency of redesigning counter-trafficking response in East Nusa Tenggara and strengthening the role NGOs through a collaborative multilevel governance, which emphasize further engagement of non-state stakeholder in policy-making process. Keywords: Human trafficking; NGOs role; multilevel collaborative governance.
{"title":"Counter-Human Trafficking in East Nusa Tenggara: The Urgency of Strengthening NGOs Role through Multilevel Collaborative Governance","authors":"A. Paksi, A. Hutami","doi":"10.26593/jihi.v19i1.5773.25-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26593/jihi.v19i1.5773.25-38","url":null,"abstract":"Human trafficking has been one of the prolonged transnational organized crime issues in Indonesia, especially in East Nusa Tenggara Province (NTT). Though government has made some efforts to address the issue, the trafficking cases in the region still remains high. This research attempts to analyze and challenge the existing anti-trafficking scheme designed and performed by the government. Using a qualitative research method, this research found that the government has managed to include non-state stakeholders—such as NGOs and civil society organizations—in its counter trafficking strategy. However, the role of non-state stakeholders are still limited and regarded as a mere technical support as well as an assistance provider for the trafficking victims, rather than engaged in an early and further strategic stage. The established cooperation tends to represent a partnership instead of a collaboration. This research highlights the urgency of redesigning counter-trafficking response in East Nusa Tenggara and strengthening the role NGOs through a collaborative multilevel governance, which emphasize further engagement of non-state stakeholder in policy-making process.\u0000Keywords: Human trafficking; NGOs role; multilevel collaborative governance.","PeriodicalId":53014,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86502918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v19i1.5891.107-125
Angga Nurdin Rachmat
Kebijakan represif yang dikeluarkan pemerintah Hungaria telah memposisikan pengungsi dan migran tersebut sebagai ancaman bagi keamanan nasional telah menjadi sorotan banyak pihak termasuk Uni Eropa, padahal Hungaria merupakan negara pihak dalam Konvensi Pengungsi tahun 1951 dan protokol 1967. Penelitian ini melihat bahwa perilaku yang ditunjukan oleh Hungaria, merupakan bentuk dari sekuritisasi yang dilakukan terhadap isu pengungsi dan migran oleh Pemerintahan Viktor Orban. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini berupaya untuk mengungkap proses dan aktor dalam sekuritisasi yang dilakukan Pemerintah Hungaria terhadap pengungsi dan migran yang berasal dari Timur Tengah pada periode tahun 2015-2019. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada pendekatan konstruktivisme dengan teori sekuritisasi yang dikembangkan oleh mahzab Copenhagen School untuk melihat proses dan aktor dalam sekuritisasi isu pengungsi dan migran oleh pemerintah Hungaria. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa keberhasilan proses sekuritisasi isu pengungsi dan migran terletak pada speech act sebagai bentuk komunikasi intersubjektif yang ditujukan untuk membangun referent object dan membentuk persepsi mengenai ancaman dari pengungsi dan migran yang dilakukan oleh PM Viktor Orban. Disamping itu ditemukan bahwa media massa di Hungaria menjadi functional actor yang berkontribusi besar dalam keberhasilan proses sekuritisasi isu pengungsi dan migran dengan menjadi jembatan yang berhasil menghubungkan securitizing actor dan audience. Kata Kunci: Viktor Orban, nilai, identitas, ancaman, media massa
{"title":"Sekuritisasi Pengungsi dan Migran dari Timur Tengah oleh Pemerintah Hungaria Tahun 2015-2019","authors":"Angga Nurdin Rachmat","doi":"10.26593/jihi.v19i1.5891.107-125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26593/jihi.v19i1.5891.107-125","url":null,"abstract":"Kebijakan represif yang dikeluarkan pemerintah Hungaria telah memposisikan pengungsi dan migran tersebut sebagai ancaman bagi keamanan nasional telah menjadi sorotan banyak pihak termasuk Uni Eropa, padahal Hungaria merupakan negara pihak dalam Konvensi Pengungsi tahun 1951 dan protokol 1967. Penelitian ini melihat bahwa perilaku yang ditunjukan oleh Hungaria, merupakan bentuk dari sekuritisasi yang dilakukan terhadap isu pengungsi dan migran oleh Pemerintahan Viktor Orban. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini berupaya untuk mengungkap proses dan aktor dalam sekuritisasi yang dilakukan Pemerintah Hungaria terhadap pengungsi dan migran yang berasal dari Timur Tengah pada periode tahun 2015-2019. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada pendekatan konstruktivisme dengan teori sekuritisasi yang dikembangkan oleh mahzab Copenhagen School untuk melihat proses dan aktor dalam sekuritisasi isu pengungsi dan migran oleh pemerintah Hungaria. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa keberhasilan proses sekuritisasi isu pengungsi dan migran terletak pada speech act sebagai bentuk komunikasi intersubjektif yang ditujukan untuk membangun referent object dan membentuk persepsi mengenai ancaman dari pengungsi dan migran yang dilakukan oleh PM Viktor Orban. Disamping itu ditemukan bahwa media massa di Hungaria menjadi functional actor yang berkontribusi besar dalam keberhasilan proses sekuritisasi isu pengungsi dan migran dengan menjadi jembatan yang berhasil menghubungkan securitizing actor dan audience. \u0000 \u0000Kata Kunci: Viktor Orban, nilai, identitas, ancaman, media massa","PeriodicalId":53014,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional","volume":"114 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87963900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v19i1.6116.39-59
Emy Sri Reskiyah
Income inequality as one of the dimensions of economic inequality has been a serious social problem both in developed and developing countries. It also attracts attention both in popular and academic writing and in public debates. One of the arguments shows that trade liberalisation is linked to an increase in income inequality in high-income countries, and reduces inequality in low-income countries. The Czech Republic and Poland, as among the high-income countries, have not seen rising levels of income inequality during the financial crisis in 2008-2009 and are also among the lowest levels of income inequality. This research uses the theory of international trade and the concept of income inequality as an analytical tool. The objective of this research is to examine the reason for why both countries have not seen rising in their level of income inequality during the financial crisis in 2008-2009 and to further investigate the relations between international trade and level of income inequality by using comparative analysis and the quantitative methods of descriptive statistical analysis. This paper shows that besides a decrease in trade turnover that leads to a lower level of income inequality when it is measured by Gini Coefficient, the macroeconomic policies also play crucial part in low level of income inequality in the Czech Republic and Poland. Keywords: International Trade; Income Inequality; Poland; Czech Republic; Gini Coefficient
{"title":"International Trade and Inequality: A Comparative Study Between Czech Republic and Poland","authors":"Emy Sri Reskiyah","doi":"10.26593/jihi.v19i1.6116.39-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26593/jihi.v19i1.6116.39-59","url":null,"abstract":"Income inequality as one of the dimensions of economic inequality has been a serious social problem both in developed and developing countries. It also attracts attention both in popular and academic writing and in public debates. One of the arguments shows that trade liberalisation is linked to an increase in income inequality in high-income countries, and reduces inequality in low-income countries. The Czech Republic and Poland, as among the high-income countries, have not seen rising levels of income inequality during the financial crisis in 2008-2009 and are also among the lowest levels of income inequality. This research uses the theory of international trade and the concept of income inequality as an analytical tool. The objective of this research is to examine the reason for why both countries have not seen rising in their level of income inequality during the financial crisis in 2008-2009 and to further investigate the relations between international trade and level of income inequality by using comparative analysis and the quantitative methods of descriptive statistical analysis. This paper shows that besides a decrease in trade turnover that leads to a lower level of income inequality when it is measured by Gini Coefficient, the macroeconomic policies also play crucial part in low level of income inequality in the Czech Republic and Poland.\u0000Keywords: International Trade; Income Inequality; Poland; Czech Republic; Gini Coefficient","PeriodicalId":53014,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76970299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v19i1.6220.1-24
Maria Fryna Angelica Andris, E. Tambunan
Amidst the oppressive patriarchal culture, the lingering conflict in South Sudan between 2005-2018 has caused women to experience discrimination and violence. The dissatisfaction of women activists with the social system and the protracted conflict eventually encouraged them to participate in the peacebuilding process. This article examines the role of women in the peacebuilding activities by describing the work of women activists in South Sudan. The study is conducted qualitatively by applying the case study method and utilizing the Feminist methodology to comprehensively examine individuals and women's activist organizations activities in peacebuilding through the women perspective. This research finds that women activists play a role in the peacebuilding process at every level of the actor pyramid, from grassroots, middle, to top level. Positive and transformative changes take place as the result of their roles. At the top level, the peacebuilding efforts have encouraged the South Sudanese government to involve women activists in the peace negotiation process withSudan and ensure gender equality in the formulated constitution. At the middle and lower levels, peacebuilding efforts succeeded in convincing South Sudanese to support the implementation of gender equality as part of conflict resolution. Keywords: Women; Peacebuilding; Gender Equality; Discrimination; South Suda
{"title":"Peran Perempuan dalam Proses Bina Damai: Studi Kasus Aktivis Perempuan di Sudan Selatan (2005-2018)","authors":"Maria Fryna Angelica Andris, E. Tambunan","doi":"10.26593/jihi.v19i1.6220.1-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26593/jihi.v19i1.6220.1-24","url":null,"abstract":"Amidst the oppressive patriarchal culture, the lingering conflict in South Sudan between 2005-2018 has caused women to experience discrimination and violence. The dissatisfaction of women activists with the social system and the protracted conflict eventually encouraged them to participate in the peacebuilding process. This article examines the role of women in the peacebuilding activities by describing the work of women activists in South Sudan. The study is conducted qualitatively by applying the case study method and utilizing the Feminist methodology to comprehensively examine individuals and women's activist organizations activities in peacebuilding through the women perspective. This research finds that women activists play a role in the peacebuilding process at every level of the actor pyramid, from grassroots, middle, to top level. Positive and transformative changes take place as the result of their roles. At the top level, the peacebuilding efforts have encouraged the South Sudanese government to involve women activists in the peace negotiation process withSudan and ensure gender equality in the formulated constitution. At the middle and lower levels, peacebuilding efforts succeeded in convincing South Sudanese to support the implementation of gender equality as part of conflict resolution.\u0000Keywords: Women; Peacebuilding; Gender Equality; Discrimination; South Suda","PeriodicalId":53014,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78796139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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