In recent years, developing language assessment literacy (LAL) has become crucial for teachers in enhancing their teaching practices and improving students’ learning outcomes. Empirical research reported that there was a training need for formal education and professional development programs in assessment (Berry et al., 2017; Vogt & Tsagari, 2014). Therefore, this paper reports a systematic review of teachers’ language assessment literacy development: training needs, training effective factors, and language assessment practice constraints. The purpose of the review is to provide an updated overview of the empirical research on language assessment development. I utilized systematic review for social studies using the following steps: forming research questions, choosing the appropriate search terms and strategy, starting the literature search, developing inclusion criteria, determining relevant studies, and extracting data (Petticrew & Roberts, 2006). The search was limited to the 12 years’ publications because there was an increase attention on developing teacher’s language assessment literacy in these years. The selected studies were analyzed using the content analysis approach. The results suggested that teachers needed in-service training in different LAL content areas that varied according to the educational context needs in their countries. The results also revealed that teachers' experience and self-reflection needed to be considered in development programs and teachers should be involved in collaborative learning communities. The collaborative learning communities provided the needed professional support and give the chance for teachers to share their experience. Furthermore, the reality and constraints needed to be recognized as they influenced teachers' assessment practices. Finally, research implications and future research directions on teachers’ language assessment literacy are discussed.
近年来，发展语言评估素养(LAL)已成为教师加强教学实践和提高学生学习成果的关键。实证研究报告称，在评估中存在对正规教育和专业发展计划的培训需求(Berry et al.， 2017;沃格特和Tsagari, 2014)。因此，本文系统回顾了教师的语言评价素养发展:培训需求、培训有效因素、语言评价实践制约因素。本文的目的是对语言评估发展的实证研究提供一个最新的概述。我对社会研究采用了以下步骤:形成研究问题，选择合适的搜索词和策略，开始文献检索，制定纳入标准，确定相关研究，提取数据(Petticrew &罗伯茨,2006)。由于近年来人们越来越关注教师语言评估能力的发展，因此研究仅限于12年的出版物。选取的研究采用内容分析法进行分析。结果表明，教师需要在职培训不同的LAL内容领域，根据其国家的教育背景需要而有所不同。研究结果还表明，教师的经验和自我反思需要在发展计划中加以考虑，教师应该参与到合作学习社区中。协作学习社区提供了所需的专业支持，并为教师提供了分享经验的机会。此外，需要认识到现实和制约因素，因为它们影响到教师的评估做法。最后，对教师语言评价素养的研究意义和未来的研究方向进行了探讨。
{"title":"Developing Language Assessment Literacy of Teachers: needs, effective factors, and constraints","authors":"Sabah Al-Akbari","doi":"10.20428/jss.v29i3.2165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20428/jss.v29i3.2165","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, developing language assessment literacy (LAL) has become crucial for teachers in enhancing their teaching practices and improving students’ learning outcomes. Empirical research reported that there was a training need for formal education and professional development programs in assessment (Berry et al., 2017; Vogt & Tsagari, 2014). Therefore, this paper reports a systematic review of teachers’ language assessment literacy development: training needs, training effective factors, and language assessment practice constraints. The purpose of the review is to provide an updated overview of the empirical research on language assessment development. I utilized systematic review for social studies using the following steps: forming research questions, choosing the appropriate search terms and strategy, starting the literature search, developing inclusion criteria, determining relevant studies, and extracting data (Petticrew & Roberts, 2006). The search was limited to the 12 years’ publications because there was an increase attention on developing teacher’s language assessment literacy in these years. The selected studies were analyzed using the content analysis approach. The results suggested that teachers needed in-service training in different LAL content areas that varied according to the educational context needs in their countries. The results also revealed that teachers' experience and self-reflection needed to be considered in development programs and teachers should be involved in collaborative learning communities. The collaborative learning communities provided the needed professional support and give the chance for teachers to share their experience. Furthermore, the reality and constraints needed to be recognized as they influenced teachers' assessment practices. Finally, research implications and future research directions on teachers’ language assessment literacy are discussed.","PeriodicalId":53082,"journal":{"name":"mjl@ ldrst ljtm`y@","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135539002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study aims at performing an error analysis as well as providing an evaluation of the quality of neural machine translation (NMT) represented by Google Translate when translating relative clauses. The study uses two test suites are composed of sentences that contain relative clauses. The first test suite composes of 108 pair sentences that are translated from English to Arabic whereas the second composes of 72 Arabic sentences that are translated into English. Errors annotation is performed by 6 professional annotators. The study presents a list of the annotated errors divided into accuracy and fluency errors that occur based on MQM. Manual evaluation is also performed by the six professionals along with a BLEU automatic evaluation using the Tilde Me platform. The results show that fluency errors are more frequent than accuracy errors. They also show that the frequency of errors and MT quality when translating from English into Arabic is lower than the frequency of errors and MT quality when translating from Arabic into English is also presented. Based on the performed error analysis and both manual and automatic evaluation, it is pointed out that the gap between MT and professional human translation is still large.
{"title":"Arabic and English Relative Clauses and Machine Translation Challenges","authors":"Khalil A. Nagi","doi":"10.20428/jss.v29i3.2180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20428/jss.v29i3.2180","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims at performing an error analysis as well as providing an evaluation of the quality of neural machine translation (NMT) represented by Google Translate when translating relative clauses. The study uses two test suites are composed of sentences that contain relative clauses. The first test suite composes of 108 pair sentences that are translated from English to Arabic whereas the second composes of 72 Arabic sentences that are translated into English. Errors annotation is performed by 6 professional annotators. The study presents a list of the annotated errors divided into accuracy and fluency errors that occur based on MQM. Manual evaluation is also performed by the six professionals along with a BLEU automatic evaluation using the Tilde Me platform. The results show that fluency errors are more frequent than accuracy errors. They also show that the frequency of errors and MT quality when translating from English into Arabic is lower than the frequency of errors and MT quality when translating from Arabic into English is also presented. Based on the performed error analysis and both manual and automatic evaluation, it is pointed out that the gap between MT and professional human translation is still large.","PeriodicalId":53082,"journal":{"name":"mjl@ ldrst ljtm`y@","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135635684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
د. أحمد عبد الرزاق محمد الأنصاري, د. عبد الرزاق أحمد الرازحي
the research aims to compare the estimators of robust regression methods (the robustM method - the robust MM method - the robustS method), the detection of the nature of the distribution of data, the discovery of abnormal and extreme data of the study variables, in addition to revealing the stability of time chains, and testing a relationship Joint integration by analyzing the relationship between the studied demographic variables represented in (infant mortality - the number of maternal deaths - raw death rate - the rate of widespread malnutrition - female death rate - child mortality rate under the age For every 1,000 neighborhood births) as independent variables, and the total fertility rate as a variable in the Republic of Yemen for the period (1990-2015). the research aims to compare the estimators of robust regression methods (the robustM method - the robust MM method - the robustS method), the detection of the nature of the distribution of data, the discovery of abnormal and extreme data of the study variables, in addition to revealing the stability of time chains, and testing a relationship Joint integration by analyzing the relationship between the studied demographic variables represented in (infant mortality - the number of maternal deaths - raw death rate - the rate of widespread malnutrition - female death rate - child mortality rate under the age For every 1,000 neighborhood births) as independent variables, and the total fertility rate as a variable in the Republic of Yemen for the period (1990-2015).
{"title":"A comparison between Robust regression analysis methods Applied statistical study of the most important demographic factors on the total fertility rate in Yemen for the period (1990-2013).","authors":"د. أحمد عبد الرزاق محمد الأنصاري, د. عبد الرزاق أحمد الرازحي","doi":"10.20428/jss.v29i3.2160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20428/jss.v29i3.2160","url":null,"abstract":"the research aims to compare the estimators of robust regression methods (the robustM method - the robust MM method - the robustS method), the detection of the nature of the distribution of data, the discovery of abnormal and extreme data of the study variables, in addition to revealing the stability of time chains, and testing a relationship Joint integration by analyzing the relationship between the studied demographic variables represented in (infant mortality - the number of maternal deaths - raw death rate - the rate of widespread malnutrition - female death rate - child mortality rate under the age For every 1,000 neighborhood births) as independent variables, and the total fertility rate as a variable in the Republic of Yemen for the period (1990-2015). the research aims to compare the estimators of robust regression methods (the robustM method - the robust MM method - the robustS method), the detection of the nature of the distribution of data, the discovery of abnormal and extreme data of the study variables, in addition to revealing the stability of time chains, and testing a relationship Joint integration by analyzing the relationship between the studied demographic variables represented in (infant mortality - the number of maternal deaths - raw death rate - the rate of widespread malnutrition - female death rate - child mortality rate under the age For every 1,000 neighborhood births) as independent variables, and the total fertility rate as a variable in the Republic of Yemen for the period (1990-2015).","PeriodicalId":53082,"journal":{"name":"mjl@ ldrst ljtm`y@","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135537449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the present research is to identify the difficulties of applying the technology of enhanced reality in teaching history from the standpoint of the teachers of the subject. A 20-paragraph survey measuring the most significant difficulties in applying the technology of enhanced reality in teaching has been built. The researcher applied the identification to a sample of history professors at the faculties of education and literature at Iraqi governmental and non-governmental universities, including 58 teachers. The research adopted the scoping descriptive approach, and the weight and weight of the weight were extracted to calculate the degree of difficulty in using the enhanced reality technique in teaching. The research found the following results: difficulties in applying the enhanced reality technique by history teachers; the most important of these was the sense of low importance of applying the enhanced reality technique in teaching; the lack of knowledge of using technical media from images, videos, and pamphlets; and the lack of lecture time with the density of the vocabulary. The researcher therefore recommends that the Ministry take decisions that will motivate teachers to use the technique as material and moral incentives, in addition to the need for universities to provide training courses, a comprehensive manual, and rooms equipped to use the enhanced reality technique for teaching.
{"title":"Difficulties in applying augmented reality technology in teaching history from the point of view of subject teachers","authors":"د. دعاء عبد الخالق الساعدي","doi":"10.20428/jss.v29i3.2162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20428/jss.v29i3.2162","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present research is to identify the difficulties of applying the technology of enhanced reality in teaching history from the standpoint of the teachers of the subject. A 20-paragraph survey measuring the most significant difficulties in applying the technology of enhanced reality in teaching has been built. The researcher applied the identification to a sample of history professors at the faculties of education and literature at Iraqi governmental and non-governmental universities, including 58 teachers. The research adopted the scoping descriptive approach, and the weight and weight of the weight were extracted to calculate the degree of difficulty in using the enhanced reality technique in teaching. The research found the following results: difficulties in applying the enhanced reality technique by history teachers; the most important of these was the sense of low importance of applying the enhanced reality technique in teaching; the lack of knowledge of using technical media from images, videos, and pamphlets; and the lack of lecture time with the density of the vocabulary. The researcher therefore recommends that the Ministry take decisions that will motivate teachers to use the technique as material and moral incentives, in addition to the need for universities to provide training courses, a comprehensive manual, and rooms equipped to use the enhanced reality technique for teaching.","PeriodicalId":53082,"journal":{"name":"mjl@ ldrst ljtm`y@","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135538403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
د. فتح الإله محمد أحمد محمد, د. عبد الجلال عثمان إدريس أبكر
The study examined International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), the factors influencing their adoption in the Sudanese business environment, and proposed solutions. The aim was to identify the requirements for adopting these standards in the Sudanese business environment. In addition, to identify the determinants that hinder the transition to these standards from an auditor's perspective by using a descriptive analytical approach. These determinants were divided into categories represented by the Accounting and Auditing Profession Regulatory Council in Sudan, companies, the securities market, and educational institutions. A questionnaire was used to collect study data from the study population which represented in the audit offices in the state of Khartoum – Sudan, and the study sample consisted of (220) participants. The main study findings are: the most important requirement for fulfilling the transition to international standards for the preparation of financial reports in the Sudanese business environment is to enhance the accounting knowledge of international standards for the preparation of financial reports among the practitioners of the accounting profession. There are also several determinants that have led to a lack of interest in adopting international standards for preparing financial reports in the Sudanese business environment, the most prominent of which are the absence of a clear national plan to partially adopt these standards or their compatibility with local standards, the high costs of switching to applying and adopting international financial reporting standards, In addition to apprehension about the additional disclosure requirements of the International Financial Reporting Standards.
{"title":"The impact of the determinants of the transition to the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on fulfilling the requirements of the transition to the international standards: a field study in audit offices in the state of Khartoum – Sudan","authors":"د. فتح الإله محمد أحمد محمد, د. عبد الجلال عثمان إدريس أبكر","doi":"10.20428/jss.v29i3.2164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20428/jss.v29i3.2164","url":null,"abstract":"The study examined International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), the factors influencing their adoption in the Sudanese business environment, and proposed solutions. The aim was to identify the requirements for adopting these standards in the Sudanese business environment. In addition, to identify the determinants that hinder the transition to these standards from an auditor's perspective by using a descriptive analytical approach. These determinants were divided into categories represented by the Accounting and Auditing Profession Regulatory Council in Sudan, companies, the securities market, and educational institutions. A questionnaire was used to collect study data from the study population which represented in the audit offices in the state of Khartoum – Sudan, and the study sample consisted of (220) participants. The main study findings are: the most important requirement for fulfilling the transition to international standards for the preparation of financial reports in the Sudanese business environment is to enhance the accounting knowledge of international standards for the preparation of financial reports among the practitioners of the accounting profession. There are also several determinants that have led to a lack of interest in adopting international standards for preparing financial reports in the Sudanese business environment, the most prominent of which are the absence of a clear national plan to partially adopt these standards or their compatibility with local standards, the high costs of switching to applying and adopting international financial reporting standards, In addition to apprehension about the additional disclosure requirements of the International Financial Reporting Standards.","PeriodicalId":53082,"journal":{"name":"mjl@ ldrst ljtm`y@","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135537086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
د. بشير محمد الحمادي, عبده حسين عبد القوي, عبد الملك فرحان ثابت, عبده محمد مهذب, أنغام علي محمد, صبري محمد عبده, عبد الحافظ هيثم عاطف
The study aimed to identify the impact of management information systems in its four dimensions (human resources, material resources, software, information security) on the strategic success in its three dimensions (survival, growth, adaptation) in Yemeni Islamic banks operating in the city of Aden (Tadhamon International Bank, Saba Islamic Bank, CAC Islamic Bank). The study adopted the descriptive analytical approach, and the study population consisted of the administrative leaders working in those banks, and their number was (56). The study used the questionnaire as a tool (f)or data collection, and it employed the statistical program (SPSS) for data analysis. The study reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which are: In general, there is an impact of management information systems on the strategic success, and there is an impact for each of the four dimensions of management information systems (human resources, material resources, software, information security) on the strategic success of the banks in the study population. The level of management information systems in banks provides the study population with a very high level on the variable itself and at the level of dimensions such as (physical resources, software, information security). Further, there is an impact of management information systems on strategic system at a high-level of a dimension such as (human resources). There is also an impact with regard to dimensions such as (growth, adaptation) and a very high level of impact on a dimension such as (survival). The study recommended that banks should make use of strengths, addressing points of weaknesses, seizing opportunities, and overcoming threats in order to achieve their objectives. It also suggested conducting another scientific study on the impact of management information systems in strategic control in other dimensions of management information systems and this can be determined according to the specialized functions of banks.
{"title":"The Impact of Management Information Systems on Strategic Success: A Field Study in Islamic Banks Operating in Aden, Yemen","authors":"د. بشير محمد الحمادي, عبده حسين عبد القوي, عبد الملك فرحان ثابت, عبده محمد مهذب, أنغام علي محمد, صبري محمد عبده, عبد الحافظ هيثم عاطف","doi":"10.20428/jss.v29i3.2163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20428/jss.v29i3.2163","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to identify the impact of management information systems in its four dimensions (human resources, material resources, software, information security) on the strategic success in its three dimensions (survival, growth, adaptation) in Yemeni Islamic banks operating in the city of Aden (Tadhamon International Bank, Saba Islamic Bank, CAC Islamic Bank). The study adopted the descriptive analytical approach, and the study population consisted of the administrative leaders working in those banks, and their number was (56). The study used the questionnaire as a tool (f)or data collection, and it employed the statistical program (SPSS) for data analysis. The study reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which are: In general, there is an impact of management information systems on the strategic success, and there is an impact for each of the four dimensions of management information systems (human resources, material resources, software, information security) on the strategic success of the banks in the study population. The level of management information systems in banks provides the study population with a very high level on the variable itself and at the level of dimensions such as (physical resources, software, information security). Further, there is an impact of management information systems on strategic system at a high-level of a dimension such as (human resources). There is also an impact with regard to dimensions such as (growth, adaptation) and a very high level of impact on a dimension such as (survival). The study recommended that banks should make use of strengths, addressing points of weaknesses, seizing opportunities, and overcoming threats in order to achieve their objectives. It also suggested conducting another scientific study on the impact of management information systems in strategic control in other dimensions of management information systems and this can be determined according to the specialized functions of banks.","PeriodicalId":53082,"journal":{"name":"mjl@ ldrst ljtm`y@","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135537251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Islamic political scholars have determined that Islamic legislation has a unique system and specific methods for selecting rulers. This system is subject to established religious mechanisms, criteria, and conditions. This Islamic system was clearly evident during the establishment of the Islamic state, particularly after the passing of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him. Consultation (shura) was employed among Muslims to choose a caliph, and no one was appointed as a ruler after him. This study aims to highlight the principles of Islamic politics through analyzing Quranic and Prophetic texts, examining the foundations of general and specific religious rulings, and applying them to the Malaysian elections as a model. The significance of the topic lies in the importance of transparency and integrity in presidential and parliamentary elections and their consequential effects. The researcher employed various methods including extrapolation, analysis, comparison, and conclusion. The researcher concluded that the Islamic political system has distinct electoral criteria that set it apart from global constitutions, and Islamic law attaches significant importance to electoral participation. Participation is both a religious and constitutional obligation for those qualified to take part in elections.
{"title":"Electoral suffrage between legitimate rights and national rights (Malaysia as a model)","authors":"د. حكيم إبراهيم عبد الجبار الشميري","doi":"10.20428/jss.v29i3.2158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20428/jss.v29i3.2158","url":null,"abstract":"Islamic political scholars have determined that Islamic legislation has a unique system and specific methods for selecting rulers. This system is subject to established religious mechanisms, criteria, and conditions. This Islamic system was clearly evident during the establishment of the Islamic state, particularly after the passing of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him. Consultation (shura) was employed among Muslims to choose a caliph, and no one was appointed as a ruler after him. This study aims to highlight the principles of Islamic politics through analyzing Quranic and Prophetic texts, examining the foundations of general and specific religious rulings, and applying them to the Malaysian elections as a model. The significance of the topic lies in the importance of transparency and integrity in presidential and parliamentary elections and their consequential effects. The researcher employed various methods including extrapolation, analysis, comparison, and conclusion. The researcher concluded that the Islamic political system has distinct electoral criteria that set it apart from global constitutions, and Islamic law attaches significant importance to electoral participation. Participation is both a religious and constitutional obligation for those qualified to take part in elections.","PeriodicalId":53082,"journal":{"name":"mjl@ ldrst ljtm`y@","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135537117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to examine the effect of consumer satisfaction (as a mediator variable) on the relationship between loyalty to Yemeni fruits and its antecedents represented by awareness, mental image, perceived quality, and trust. Besides, it examines the effect of Yemeni consumer patriotism (as a moderator variable) on the relationship between consumer satisfaction and loyalty to Yemeni fruits. To achieve this, the descriptive analytical method was followed and a questionnaire was used to collect data from a simple random sample of 304 consumers in Sana'a and Thamar. The data were analyzed using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) program. The study revealed that satisfaction fully mediates the relationship between the mental image and perceived quality and loyalty to Yemeni fruits; that is, the mental image and perceived quality indirectly affect loyalty to Yemeni fruits through the satisfaction of Yemeni consumers. In addition, that satisfaction partially mediates the relationship between awareness and trust and loyalty to Yemeni fruits; this means that awareness and trust directly and indirectly affect loyalty to Yemeni fruits through satisfaction. While Yemeni consumers have high patriotism, their satisfaction does not affect loyalty to Yemeni fruits any more compared to consumers with low patriotism. The study recommends developing and enhancing loyalty to national products in general and Yemeni fruits in particular among Yemeni and non-Yemeni consumers, within the limits of the Yemeni market environment or Arab and foreign markets.
{"title":"The Role of Consumer Satisfaction and Patriotism as Mediating and Moderating Variables in the Relationship between Loyalty to Yemeni Fruits and its Antecedents: A Field Study of a Sample of Yemeni Consumers","authors":"د. ماجد مبخوت جعيل","doi":"10.20428/jss.28.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20428/jss.28.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to examine the effect of consumer satisfaction (as a mediator variable) on the relationship between loyalty to Yemeni fruits and its antecedents represented by awareness, mental image, perceived quality, and trust. Besides, it examines the effect of Yemeni consumer patriotism (as a moderator variable) on the relationship between consumer satisfaction and loyalty to Yemeni fruits. To achieve this, the descriptive analytical method was followed and a questionnaire was used to collect data from a simple random sample of 304 consumers in Sana'a and Thamar. The data were analyzed using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) program. The study revealed that satisfaction fully mediates the relationship between the mental image and perceived quality and loyalty to Yemeni fruits; that is, the mental image and perceived quality indirectly affect loyalty to Yemeni fruits through the satisfaction of Yemeni consumers. In addition, that satisfaction partially mediates the relationship between awareness and trust and loyalty to Yemeni fruits; this means that awareness and trust directly and indirectly affect loyalty to Yemeni fruits through satisfaction. While Yemeni consumers have high patriotism, their satisfaction does not affect loyalty to Yemeni fruits any more compared to consumers with low patriotism. The study recommends developing and enhancing loyalty to national products in general and Yemeni fruits in particular among Yemeni and non-Yemeni consumers, within the limits of the Yemeni market environment or Arab and foreign markets.","PeriodicalId":53082,"journal":{"name":"mjl@ ldrst ljtm`y@","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67544175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
أ.م.د/ عبد العزيز محمد المخلافي, د. يحيى أحمد القرودع
The study aimed to identify the impact of the defensive strategy on the level of organizational performance, according to the balanced scorecard model covering all of its dimensions of finance, clients, operations and learning and growth at Yemeni banks. The study adopted the descriptive analytical method, and used a questionnaire for data collection. The study population was (1525) employees in supervisory positions at Yemeni banks and the study sample consisted of (322) employees, representing the study population. In light of this, data were collected and analyzed, and all hypotheses were tested using SPSS. The study results revealed that the defensive strategy has a positive impact on the level of organizational performance achieved at Yemeni banks. The study recommends paying attention to the strategies used in the organization as a basic and important element in all stages of the administrative process, within the available facilities, because this will contribute to improving the organizational performance of the Yemeni banks under study.
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This study aimed to examine the availability of quality standards pertinent to mathematical thinking styles, objectivity and creative problem solving in math courses at the Faculty of Education, Sana’a University. To achieve this, the descriptive analytical method was used. Checklists for analyzing the math content were developed and a questionnaire was used to check their validity. The instuments were applied to a smple of four courses of the 3rd and 4th levels. The study results revealed that the total weights of deductive and inductive mathematical thinking were 69.66% and 30.34% respectively. This percentage covered the quality of thinking styles being comprehensively represented in all the courses as follows: correlational thinking style, the highest type, scored 65.43%; thinking style using symbols scored 20.61%; other styles of mathematical thinking were represented in the content by varied percentages, ranging from 0% to 10.78%. These other styles include reflective, systematic, strategic, critical, accurate and creative thinking styles. The course content lacked creative problem solving questions. Further, the results of the Chi-square test showed statisitically significant differences at 0.01 regarding the quality standards of mathematical thinking, objectivity and creative problem solving. This means that the courses do not achieve the quality standards of developing thinking styles and creative problem solving among student-teachers.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Content of Math Courses at the Faculty of Education- Sana’a University in light of Quality Standards","authors":"Dr. Fawzi Abdullah Al Haddad","doi":"10.20428/jss.28.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20428/jss.28.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to examine the availability of quality standards pertinent to mathematical thinking styles, objectivity and creative problem solving in math courses at the Faculty of Education, Sana’a University. To achieve this, the descriptive analytical method was used. Checklists for analyzing the math content were developed and a questionnaire was used to check their validity. The instuments were applied to a smple of four courses of the 3rd and 4th levels. The study results revealed that the total weights of deductive and inductive mathematical thinking were 69.66% and 30.34% respectively. This percentage covered the quality of thinking styles being comprehensively represented in all the courses as follows: correlational thinking style, the highest type, scored 65.43%; thinking style using symbols scored 20.61%; other styles of mathematical thinking were represented in the content by varied percentages, ranging from 0% to 10.78%. These other styles include reflective, systematic, strategic, critical, accurate and creative thinking styles. The course content lacked creative problem solving questions. Further, the results of the Chi-square test showed statisitically significant differences at 0.01 regarding the quality standards of mathematical thinking, objectivity and creative problem solving. This means that the courses do not achieve the quality standards of developing thinking styles and creative problem solving among student-teachers.","PeriodicalId":53082,"journal":{"name":"mjl@ ldrst ljtm`y@","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67544162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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