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The Relative Influence of Leadership Factors on Employee Retention in Local Government 地方政府领导因素对员工留任的相对影响
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpas.2023.008.02.4
Wilfred Lameck
The success of any organization depends on better retention of its employees. Studies on employee retention have reported on how best the organization can devise strategies for retaining its employees. Accordingly, individual and organizational factors have received significant attention over leadership style as a tool for inducing employee retention, particularly in remote areas. This study explores the existing leadership style and its influence on employee retention at Ikungi District Council Tanzania. Qualitative enquiry using a case study was carried out at Ikungi District. Documentary review and interviews were used to collect data. The data were analysed using content analysis and a thematic approach. The findings indicate that leadership style matter the most in employee retention as the decision to remain with the organization is highly determined by how well the subordinates interact with their supervisors.
任何组织的成功都取决于更好地留住员工。关于员工保留的研究报告了组织如何最好地设计留住员工的策略。因此,个人和组织因素已经受到了很大的关注,而不是领导风格,作为吸引员工保留的工具,特别是在偏远地区。本研究探讨坦尚尼亚Ikungi区议会现有领导风格及其对员工留任的影响。在Ikungi区进行了使用案例研究的定性调查。采用文献回顾法和访谈法收集数据。使用内容分析和专题方法分析数据。研究结果表明,领导风格对员工留任影响最大,因为员工是否留在组织的决定在很大程度上取决于下属与主管的互动程度。
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引用次数: 0
SettingsThe Efficacy of Community Participation Towards Land Use Planning in South African Local Municipalities 背景:社区参与对南非地方市政土地利用规划的影响
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpas.2023.008.02.7
Malesela Jim Masenya, France Kgobe
The aim of the paper to examine the efficacy of community participation in land use planning and logically conceptualize it. Participation in the society is understood to be the advantage of a group of citizens to engage in matters that express their eventual growth. As a policy to increase community participation at the community level, the current democratic government has implemented comprehensive municipal planning. For the municipality, land use planning has many significances, especially in resolving human settlement debacles, fostering citizen engagement to decide needs and goals, and addressing the historical spatial inequality brought on by apartheid spatial planning. The execution of land use planning, however, has faced several obstacles, including weak cooperation in areas under the jurisdiction of conventional authorities, unlawful land possession and political intervention, among others. The study argues that if land use planning in South Africa can be well integrated and coordinated the spatial justice can be reached and imbalances of the past can be redressed efficaciously. Nonetheless, the study concludes that communities are also upset with their extent of engagement. Despite the many municipalities general success in achieving citizen engagement, there is already an incomplete backlog in civic interaction owing to unethical activities, budget constraints, lack of capacity and improper targeting.
本文的目的是检验社区参与土地利用规划的有效性,并对其进行逻辑概念化。参与社会被认为是一群公民参与表达他们最终成长的事情的优势。作为一项提高社区参与的政策,本届民主政府实施了全面的城市规划。对于市政当局来说,土地利用规划具有许多意义,特别是在解决人类住区问题,促进公民参与决定需求和目标,以及解决种族隔离空间规划带来的历史空间不平等方面。但是,土地使用规划的执行遇到了若干障碍,包括在传统当局管辖的领域合作不力、非法占有土地和政治干预等。该研究认为,如果南非的土地利用规划能够很好地整合和协调,就可以达到空间正义,并有效地纠正过去的不平衡。尽管如此,该研究得出的结论是,社区也对他们的参与程度感到不满。尽管许多城市在实现公民参与方面总体上取得了成功,但由于不道德的活动、预算限制、缺乏能力和目标不当,公民互动方面已经完全积压。
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引用次数: 0
Capital Grants For Local Infrastructure Provision In Perspective Of Allocative Efficiency: Evidence From Indonesia 配置效率视角下的地方基础设施资本拨款:来自印度尼西亚的证据
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpas.2023.008.02.1
Naufal Azaki, Achmad Lutfi
This paper points out reflection on theoretical and empirical literature on the implementation of capital grants or specific purpose transfers as the conceptual basis of Dana Alokasi Khusus (DAK) in Indonesia. As one of the types of intergovernmental transfers, DAK plays a significant role in the local infrastructure provision, particularly in basic services such as roads, housing, drinking water, sanitation, education, irrigation, and tourism. This study uses a literature review approach of (and with no limits on) 16 empirical research results. The paper aims to analyze how far capital grant (DAK) is implemented, the challenges and problems that arise, and the dynamics of policy from the perspective of Allocative Efficiency. The study notes some practical suggestions for improving the DAK design and agenda for future research needed, including the adoption of MTEF in DAK planning for local government, reshaping the formula & criteria used in DAK allocation, possibility of giving relaxation on reallocation authority to spending unit, developing evaluation indicators with a focus on the efficiency & effectiveness of DAK, and directing the influence of political actors & process to improve the quality of policy.
本文对印尼实施资本补助或特定目的转移作为DAK概念基础的理论和实证文献进行了反思。作为政府间转移的一种类型,发展援助在提供地方基础设施方面发挥着重要作用,特别是在道路、住房、饮用水、卫生、教育、灌溉和旅游等基本服务方面。本研究采用文献综述的方法(不限制)16个实证研究结果。本文旨在从配置效率的角度分析资本补助的实施程度、面临的挑战和问题,以及政策的动态。本研究提出了一些切实可行的建议,以改进DAK设计和未来研究议程,包括在地方政府DAK规划中采用MTEF,重塑公式& &;发展补助金分配标准、放宽支出单位再分配权限的可能性、制定以效率为重点的评价指标;DAK的有效性,以及指导政治行为者的影响& &;过程中提高政策质量。
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引用次数: 0
Non-State Actor's Strategy in Advocating the Movement to Reject Development Policy 非国家行为体在倡导抵制发展政策运动中的策略
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpas.2023.008.02.2
Hidayatul Fajri, Historis Soterman Halawa, Nila Wahyuni
Geothermal is one of the potential renewable energy sources in Indonesia. This great potential makes the government try to develop geothermal energy development, one of which is in Mount Talang. However, the development received a rejection from the community, including non-state actors. This study looks at the strategy of the YLBHI Padang Legal Aid Institute in advocating the movement against the construction of geothermal energy-powered power plants. The studying conducted for 6 (six) months. This research design uses qualitative methods. The data sources we collect are interview data, observation results, official texts or policies, journal articles, websites on the internet, newspapers, social media, and youtube. The advocacy strategies carried out by LBH YLBHI Padang are; understanding strategic issues, building opinions and facts to the public, building coalition networks with civil society such as local communities, NGOs, students, national networks, and academics, designing goals and strategies as well as monitor and assess movements. The result of the advocacy carried out by LBH YLBHI Padang was the "temporary" suspension of constructing a geothermal energy power plant in Mount Talang. This research ends with research recommendations such as the need for inclusive stakeholder involvement in the formulation of development policies and 2) the need to grow civil society in the regions to become non-structural control for the government.
地热是印尼潜在的可再生能源之一。这一巨大的潜力促使政府努力发展地热能源开发,其中之一就是在塔朗山。然而,这一发展遭到了包括非国家行为者在内的社区的反对。本研究考察了YLBHI巴东法律援助研究所倡导反对地热能发电厂建设运动的策略。研究进行了6个月。本研究设计采用定性方法。我们收集的数据来源包括访谈数据、观察结果、官方文本或政策、期刊文章、互联网网站、报纸、社交媒体和youtube。LBH YLBHI巴东所推行的宣传策略有:了解战略问题,向公众发表意见和事实,与当地社区、非政府组织、学生、国家网络和学者等民间社会建立联盟网络,设计目标和战略,以及监测和评估运动。LBH YLBHI Padang倡导的结果是“暂时”停止了在塔朗山建设地热发电厂。本研究以研究建议结束,例如在制定发展政策时需要包容性利益相关者的参与,以及2)需要在地区发展公民社会,成为政府的非结构性控制。
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引用次数: 0
Implementation of Federal Constituency Projects and the Development of Infrastructure in Kogi State (2012-2022) 在科吉州实施联邦选区项目和发展基础设施(2012-2022)
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpas.2023.008.02.6
Joseph Adeshola Adekeye, Chinedu Valentine Ofoma
This paper assesses the impact of the implementation of federal constituency projects on the development of infrastructure in Kogi State from 2012 to 2022. The main objective of the study was to determine the contributions of federal constituency projects to the development of economic and social infrastructure in each Senatorial District of Kogi State. Methodologically, a descriptive survey was adopted for the purpose of data collection, analysis and interpretation. Out of 321 questionnaire administered to selected respondents in the 3 Senatorial Districts of Kogi State, 302 were completed and returned appropriately. Data collected were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) as a tool for data presentation and hypotheses test. Also, the study made use of secondary data sourced from Tracka, journal articles, empirical studies, newspaper publications among others. The findings of the study reveal that the implementation of federal constituency projects has significantly impacted on the development of economic and social infrastructure in some communities in Kogi State while others are yet to benefit. However, the level of constituency projects implementation in Kogi State from 2012-2022 is a far cry from annual budgetary allocation and specifications. This paper therefore recommends that members of each respective constituency in Kogi state must be carried along from the period of project initiation to its completion so as to hold all relevant stakeholders accountable for any lapses. Likewise, the press and Civil Society Organizations are to ensure that legislative oversights are properly carried out in order to ascertain whether project implementation is in line with approved budget.
本文评估了2012年至2022年实施联邦选区项目对科吉州基础设施发展的影响。这项研究的主要目的是确定联邦选区项目对科吉州每个参议院区的经济和社会基础设施发展的贡献。在方法上,为了收集、分析和解释数据,采用了描述性调查。在向科吉州3个参议院选区的选定答复者发放的321份问卷中,302份已正确填写和返回。收集的数据使用社会科学统计软件包(SPSS)作为数据呈现和假设检验的工具进行分析。此外,该研究还利用了来自Tracka、期刊文章、实证研究、报纸出版物等的二手数据。研究结果表明,联邦选区项目的实施对科吉州一些社区的经济和社会基础设施的发展产生了重大影响,而其他社区尚未受益。然而,2012-2022年科吉州选区项目的实施水平与年度预算分配和规格相去甚远。因此,本文建议科吉州每个各自选区的成员必须从项目启动期间一直进行到完成,以便让所有相关利益相关者对任何失误负责。同样,新闻界和民间社会组织应确保适当地进行立法监督,以确定项目的执行是否符合核定的预算。
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引用次数: 0
Perception of Quality Service Provision in Local Government Authorities in Tanzania: A Citizen Participation Perspective 坦桑尼亚地方政府机构对优质服务提供的感知:公民参与视角
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpas.2023.008.02.5
Sospeter Muchunguzi
Citizen participation is regarded as a process which provides private individuals an opportunity to influence public decisions and has long been a component of the democratic decision making process. The study sought to resolve the puzzle of citizen participation in Tanzania by attempting to decipher why public participation is said to be ample but the quality of health and education services provided is still perceived questionable. The study is conducted within the theoretical lens of the decentralization by devolution model and Stigler’s theory to come up with a more refined approach which envisages that increasing the number of actors in governance may probably help to resolve why decentralization by devolution does not necessarily lead to quality service delivery. The study is basically based on qualitative research design with the aim of seeking to get a deeper information regarding the issue in the two areas under study. The major findings of this study is that in instances where citizens effectively participated there were positive results but in most cases where citizens were not given chance to meaningfully participate dissatisfaction with the kind of social services provided by the government was high. Thus, strengthening local participation is an indispensable ingredient for successful provision of quality services to the citizens. The findings from this article make a valuable contribution towards understanding public participation strategies in both rural and urban areas so as to promote joint decision-making to provide effective and efficient service delivery. Consequently, recommendations are proposed to enhance quality social service provision through effective community engagement.
公民参与被视为为个人提供影响公共决定的机会的过程,长期以来一直是民主决策过程的一个组成部分。这项研究试图解决坦桑尼亚公民参与的难题,试图解释为什么据说公众参与充足,但所提供的保健和教育服务的质量仍然令人怀疑。这项研究是在权力下放的权力下放模型和斯蒂格勒理论的理论视角下进行的,以提出一种更精细的方法,该方法设想增加治理行为者的数量可能有助于解决为什么权力下放的权力下放不一定会带来高质量的服务提供。本研究基本上是基于定性研究设计,目的是在研究的两个领域中寻求关于问题的更深入的信息。本研究的主要发现是,在公民有效参与的情况下,会产生积极的结果,但在大多数情况下,公民没有机会有意义地参与,对政府提供的社会服务的不满程度很高。因此,加强地方参与是成功地向公民提供优质服务的一个不可或缺的因素。本文的研究结果对理解农村和城市地区的公众参与战略作出了宝贵的贡献,从而促进共同决策,提供有效和高效的服务。因此,我们提出了建议,通过有效的社区参与来提高优质社会服务的提供。
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引用次数: 0
Cultural Heritage Accounting for Participatory Governance: A Participatory Action Reseach in Pata'padang Village 参与式治理的文化遗产会计:巴塔巴东村的参与式行动研究
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpas.2023.008.02.3
Gustin Tanggulungan, Eko Ganis Sukoharsono, Ali Djamhuri, Lilik Purwanti
The study analyzes the practices of community participation in the initiation of sustainable cultural-tourism development. It will examine the accounting process in this field. In participatory action research, academics, local social actor and local government were collaboratively working as research teams. Actions that are also research methods are FGDs, interviews, and a study tour. The result of the project was a list of cultural heritage as accounting information for the development of tourist attractions and the formation of the Tourist Awareness Group (Pokdarwis) institution which marks the establishment of cohesion among research participants. Data analysis involves thematic analysis and reflection. The research indicated that activities related to the accounting process can serve as a participatory governance mechanism when designed as a value-added process and facilitated by the government's willingness to accept community-initiated activities.
本研究分析了社区参与推动可持续文化旅游发展的实践。它将审查这一领域的会计程序。在参与式行动研究中,学者、地方社会行动者和地方政府作为研究小组协同工作。同样是研究方法的行动有fgd、访谈和游学。该项目的结果是一份文化遗产清单,作为旅游景点开发的会计信息,并形成了旅游意识小组(Pokdarwis)机构,这标志着研究参与者之间建立了凝聚力。数据分析包括专题分析和反思。研究表明,如果将会计过程相关的活动设计为增值过程,并且政府愿意接受社区发起的活动,则可以作为一种参与式治理机制。
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引用次数: 0
Security Agencies and Human Right Violations in Nigeria 尼日利亚的安全机构和侵犯人权行为
Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpas.2023.008.01.4
Matthew Funsho Bello, Keneth Mela
It is no news that Nigeria, which is arguably the giant of Africa, is known for human rights violations. From its years of military authoritarianism which witnessed the killing of several human rights activists, and since the return to democratic rule, the country’s human rights narrative has not changed. Government authorities and law enforcement agents (the police) frequently engage in various human rights violations, notably unlawful killings, torture, ill-treatment of no crime suspects, forced evictions, interference with the rights to peaceful assembly and freedom of association, and violence against women and children are widespread across the country. This has created worrisome threats to lives and government seems to be grappling with the situation, hence there is some measure of friction between the activities of security agencies and human right in Nigeria. It is against this backdrop that pertinent questions are asked on how well security agencies could be operated without infringement on fundamental human rights and what are the probable mechanisms that could be adopted by security agencies without abuse of human rights in Nigeria. Answers to these questions instigated this research work. This study exemplified the extent of human rights abuses in Nigerian democratic governance. It equally highlighted causes and the effects of human rights abuses in Nigeria and made recommendations on how to prevent its occurrences in the future. Secondary sources of data thus become the hub of its methodology. The study adopted system theory by Gabriel Almond as its theoretical framework.
尼日利亚可以说是非洲的巨人,却以侵犯人权而闻名,这已经不是什么新闻了。在多年的军事独裁统治下,几名人权活动人士被杀害,自回归民主统治以来,缅甸的人权叙事没有改变。政府当局和执法人员(警察)经常从事各种侵犯人权的行为,特别是非法杀人、酷刑、虐待无犯罪嫌疑人、强迫驱逐、干涉和平集会和结社自由的权利以及对妇女和儿童的暴力行为在全国普遍存在。这对生命造成了令人担忧的威胁,政府似乎正在努力应对这种情况,因此尼日利亚安全机构的活动与人权之间存在一定程度的摩擦。正是在这种背景下,提出了有关安全机构如何在不侵犯基本人权的情况下运作的问题,以及安全机构在尼日利亚不侵犯人权的情况下可能采用的机制是什么。这些问题的答案激发了这项研究工作。这项研究举例说明了尼日利亚民主治理中侵犯人权的程度。它同样强调了尼日利亚境内侵犯人权的原因和后果,并就如何防止今后再次发生这种情况提出了建议。因此,二手数据来源成为其方法论的中心。本研究采用阿尔蒙德的系统理论作为理论框架。
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引用次数: 0
A Critical Review of the Municipal Public Accounts Committee and Financial Management at Amahlathi Municipality, South Africa 对南非Amahlathi市公共账目委员会和财政管理的批判性审查
Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpas.2023.008.01.7
Tando Rulashe, Maggie Nombuyiselo Dyan
Despite the existence of the MPAC within Amahlathi municipality, the municipality was placed under an administration which is a clear indication of the failure of the MPAC in executing its functions. This study assesses the challenges that confront Amahlathi municipality MPAC, leading to its failure to execute its mandate. A qualitative research and case study design were adopted for this study. An autopsy of secondary data was done through desktop research and analysed using the content analysis technique. The study revealed that lack of skills, lack of capacity, corruption, uncoordinated systems within the municipality and budgetary constraints impede the work of the municipality. The recommends that MPAC needs support to enhance its effectiveness and efficiency. Literature has shown that the South African government established an impressive legislative framework for local government, however, compliance with the requirements of the frameworks is lacking, particularly in relation to MPAC.
尽管MPAC在Amahlathi市内存在,但市政府被置于行政管理之下,这清楚地表明MPAC未能履行其职能。本研究评估了Amahlathi市MPAC面临的挑战,这些挑战导致其未能执行其任务。本研究采用定性研究和个案研究设计。通过桌面研究对次要数据进行解剖,并使用内容分析技术进行分析。研究表明,缺乏技能、缺乏能力、腐败、市政当局内部系统不协调以及预算限制阻碍了市政当局的工作。委员会建议,方案评估委员会需要支助,以提高其效力和效率。文献表明,南非政府为地方政府建立了一个令人印象深刻的立法框架,然而,缺乏对框架要求的遵守,特别是在MPAC方面。
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引用次数: 0
Performance Management Systems (PMS): Challages and Opportunities in the Public Sector 绩效管理系统(PMS):公共部门的挑战与机遇
Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpas.2023.008.01.5
Xolani Thusi, Nokukhanya N Jili, Toyin C Adetiba, Victor H Mlambo, Nkosingiphile Mkhize
To the vast majority of scholar’s public institutions should have effective and efficient Performance Management Systems (PMS) in place to promote and develop the performance of civil servants. In the public sector, good management of staff performance is fundamental to efficient service delivery. The mandate of public institutions is to offer quality and effective service delivery to the public; as a result, public institutions' performance is scrutinized by the public, who have higher expectations from the government. These expectations are based on the votes cast and the taxes paid by the general public. Thus, public institutions should monitor and enhance each employee's performance and productivity to ensure the efficient provision of public services. This article seeks to analyse the challenges encountered by public sector in executing PMS and suggest the strategies the public sector can use to enhance staff performance.
对于绝大多数学者来说,公共机构应该有有效和高效的绩效管理系统(PMS)来促进和发展公务员的绩效。在公营部门,妥善管理员工的工作表现,是有效提供服务的基础。公共机构的使命是为公众提供优质和有效的服务;因此,公共机构的表现受到公众的审视,公众对政府的期望更高。这些期望是基于投票结果和公众缴纳的税款。因此,公共机构应监测和提高每个雇员的业绩和生产力,以确保有效地提供公共服务。本文旨在分析公共部门在执行PMS时遇到的挑战,并提出公共部门可用于提高员工绩效的策略。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
JPAS Journal of Public Administration Studies
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