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Public Transport in Developing Countries 发展中国家的公共交通
Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpas.2021.006.02.7
Rendra Adinata, W. Wike, Alfi Haris Wanto
The changes and challenges in public transport in developing countries are need to be address with the right policy, yet to make the right policy, we need to identify the main problem and characteristics of public transport in developing countries itself. This article explain the characteristics of public transportation in developing countries using literature review. In general, it is based on its organization, multimodal transport planning and finance, fare control, fare exemptions and social obligations, vehicle specifications, competition and regulation and finally ownership and investment.
发展中国家公共交通的变化和挑战需要通过正确的政策来解决,但要制定正确的政策,我们需要确定发展中国家公共交通本身的主要问题和特点。本文采用文献综述的方法来解释发展中国家公共交通的特点。一般来说,它是基于其组织,多式联运规划和财务,票价控制,票价豁免和社会义务,车辆规格,竞争和监管,最后是所有权和投资。
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引用次数: 0
The Headmaster’s Strategy to Improve Civil Servants’ Work Performance (Administration Department) in Pringgasela High School, East Lombok-NTB 东龙目岛Pringgasela高中校长提高公务员工作绩效的策略(行政部)
Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpas.2021.006.02.6
Parhan Parhan
This study aims to determine the headmaster's strategy to improve the work performance of Civil servant [administration department] at Pringgasela Senior High School. This research used the descriptive qualitative research method. The data in this study were obtained from interviews with informants and documentation. The data analysis was carried out in the following steps: data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions or verification (Miles and Huberman, 2014: 20). The results of this study stated that the headmaster's strategy to improve the work performance of civil servants in the administration department: Making disciplinary rules about working hours that must be on time. Building a spirit of togetherness through civil servants’ friends, superiors and subordinates, as well as communication, intimacy and mutual respect. Providing role models for all civil servants. The results of the headmaster's strategy show the work performance of civil servants [administration department] is classified good in providing services, however they have not provided satisfaction to: teachers, students or other related parties. As for the constraints faced when performing performance in providing services, by the Administrative Apparatus such as the lack of responsiveness of the Administrative Apparatus in understanding consumer psychology, the large amount of workload that is carried out in a little bit of time and the supporting infrastructure is inadequate and lack of personel.
本研究旨在确定Pringgasela高中校长提高公务员(行政部门)工作绩效的策略。本研究采用描述性质的研究方法。本研究的数据来自与举报人的访谈和文献资料。数据分析分为以下几个步骤:数据收集、数据缩减、数据呈现、得出结论或验证(Miles and Huberman, 2014: 20)。本研究的结果表明,校长提高行政部门公务员工作绩效的策略是:对必须准时的工作时间制定纪律规定。通过公务员的朋友、上下级、沟通、亲密和相互尊重,建立团结精神。为所有公务员树立榜样。校长策略的结果显示,公务员(行政部门)在提供服务方面表现良好,但对教师、学生或其他相关方的满意度不高。对于行政机构在提供服务时所面临的制约因素,如行政机构在了解消费者心理方面反应迟钝、在短时间内完成大量工作量、配套设施不足、人员不足等。
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引用次数: 0
Gender Equality and Social Inclusion (GESI) for Strengthening Disaster Resilient Village 加强抗灾村的性别平等和社会包容(GESI)
Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.21776/UB.JPAS.2021.006.01.2
Tri Yumarni, Lilis Sri Sulistiani, Rukna Idanati, G. Gunarto
Gender equality and social inclusion (GESI) is essential to ensure gender equality and to achieve sustainable Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR). The implementation of decentralisation reform in developing countries has transferred roles of implementing DRR program to lower level of government including to community or village government. Hence, effective strategies to mainstream GESI in DRR activities in the community or village government is important to promote gender equality and to achieve sustainable development. However, what key issues and effective strategies to mainstream GESI in the lower level of community or village has not well-documented in developing countries. This study aims to identify key issues and GESI strategies for strengthening disaster resilient village based on existing literature in developing countries. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was used to identify GESI strategies for strengthening disaster resilient village in the existing literature. We able to find 142 studies related to GESI and disaster risk reduction in community level which published on SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Med Line between 2009 and 2019. From 142 studies we select 10 studies which are strongly relevant with the aim of this study. Five key issues are identified such as low human capital, patriarchal culture, resistance from traditional society, weak GESI institution and poor governance, and lack capacity of policy makers and implementers. There are four key GESI strategies area for strengthening disaster resilient in community level: (1) Organizational, (2) Capacity, (3) Operational, and (4) Resources. In the organizational area, the main strategy is provision of GESI sensitive policies and practices. In the capacity area, the main strategy is capacity development and lesson learning in the community disaster resilient program. In the operational area, the main strategy is embedding GESI in all phases of the community disaster resilient program. In the resources area, the main strategy is mobilizing funding and GESI expertise in the community disaster resilient program.
性别平等和社会包容(GESI)对于确保性别平等和实现可持续的减少灾害风险(DRR)至关重要。在发展中国家实施的权力下放改革已经将实施DRR项目的角色转移到较低一级的政府,包括社区或村庄政府。因此,在社区或村政府的减少灾害风险活动中,采取有效的战略将社会性别平等纳入主流,对于促进性别平等和实现可持续发展至关重要。然而,在发展中国家,哪些关键问题和有效策略可以使社会科学信息系统在较低的社区或村庄中主流化,并没有得到很好的记录。本研究旨在根据发展中国家的现有文献,确定加强抗灾村庄的关键问题和GESI战略。使用系统评价和荟萃分析首选报告项目(PRISMA)来确定现有文献中加强抗灾村庄的GESI策略。2009年至2019年,我们在SCOPUS、Web of Science和Med Line上发现了142项与GESI和社区减灾相关的研究。从142项研究中,我们选择了10项与本研究目的密切相关的研究。指出了人力资本不足、男权文化、传统社会的抵制、GESI制度薄弱和治理不善、决策者和执行者能力不足等五个关键问题。在社区层面加强抗灾能力有四个关键的GESI战略领域:(1)组织,(2)能力,(3)业务,(4)资源。在组织领域,主要策略是提供GESI敏感的政策和实践。在能力领域,主要战略是社区抗灾方案中的能力建设和经验教训。在业务领域,主要战略是将GESI纳入社区抗灾计划的各个阶段。在资源领域,主要战略是在社区抗灾方案中调动资金和全球环境倡议的专业知识。
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引用次数: 2
The Effect of Ownership Structure and Leverage Towards Dividend Policy and Corporate Values 股权结构和杠杆对股利政策和公司价值的影响
Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.21776/UB.JPAS.2021.006.01.5
Etty Khongrat, A. Kusumawati, Taber Al Habsyi, S. Suharyono
This research aims to examine and analyze the effect of Destination Branding on Destination Image. Testing and analyzing the effect of destination branding on destination selection and destination image on destination selection. Meeting planners who live in Jakarta and Bali destination. This research used an explanatory research with simple random sampling technique. Data collection techniques were carried out with questionnaires that distributed to 165 respondents Meeting Planners who lived in Jakarta and Bali. The data analysis used in the study is General Structured Component Analysis (GSCA). The results of this study indicate that the GSCA analysis results have shown that Destination Branding has no significant effect on the Destination Image, with a path coefficient of 0.545 with a value (p-value 0.272> 0.005). The results of the GSCA analysis have proven that Destination Branding has a significant effect on destination selection with a path coefficient of 0.266 and a p-value <0.001. The results of the GSCA analysis have shown that destination image has a significant positive effect on Destination Selection with a path coefficient of 0.299 with a p-value of <0.001.
本研究旨在考察和分析目的地品牌对目的地形象的影响。测试和分析目的地品牌对目的地选择的影响和目的地形象对目的地选择的影响。会议策划人住在雅加达和巴厘岛的目的地。本研究采用简单随机抽样的解释性研究方法。数据收集技术是通过向居住在雅加达和巴厘岛的165名会议策划者分发问卷进行的。本研究使用的数据分析是通用结构化组件分析(GSCA)。本研究结果表明,GSCA分析结果显示目的地品牌对目的地形象没有显著影响,路径系数为0.545,p值为0.272> 0.005。GSCA分析结果证明,目的地品牌对目的地选择有显著影响,路径系数为0.266,p值<0.001。GSCA分析结果表明,目的地图像对目的地选择有显著的正向影响,路径系数为0.299,p值<0.001。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing Gombe State Citizens’ Attitude And Perception Towards Nigeria’s Cashless Policy 评估贡贝州公民对尼日利亚无现金政策的态度和看法
Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.21776/UB.JPAS.2021.006.01.8
Y. Bachama, M. F. Bello
The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) introduced the cashless policy in 2011, which eventually took effect in 2012. The aim of the policy amongst others is to reduce the amount of physical cash circulating in the economy and encouraging more electronic-based transactions. The objective of this study is to review the CBN cashless policy in Gombe State and assess peoples’ behavior and attitudes towards the policy in the State since its inception. Questionnaires were administered on 300 bank customers across the 11 Local Government Areas (LGAs) of the State. The findings revealed that 65% of respondents do not know what the cashless policy is all about, 80% are happy with the introduction of cash-lite (Cashless) points such as Automated Teller Machines, Point of Sales, and Internet Banking etc. As an interim verdict, 25% of the respondents believe that the cashless policy is necessary, 24% believe that the CBN approach to its implementation is the best and 43% believe that the policy will succeed. The study recommends that more banks’ branches and cash-lite channels need to be established especially in other LGAs; there is also the need to consolidate in infrastructural development; and financial literacy for all.
尼日利亚中央银行(CBN)于2011年推出了无现金政策,最终于2012年生效。该政策的目的之一是减少经济中流通的实物现金数量,并鼓励更多的电子交易。本研究的目的是审查贡贝州的CBN无现金政策,并评估自该政策成立以来人们对该政策的行为和态度。对全州11个地方政府区域(LGAs)的300名银行客户进行了问卷调查。调查结果显示,65%的受访者不知道无现金政策是什么,80%的受访者对引入现金生活(无现金)点感到高兴,如自动柜员机、销售点和网上银行等。作为临时裁决,25%的受访者认为无现金政策是必要的,24%的人认为CBN的实施方法是最好的,43%的人认为该政策将会成功。该研究建议,需要建立更多的银行分支机构和现金生活渠道,特别是在其他地方政府机构;还需要巩固基础设施的发展;让所有人都具备金融知识。
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引用次数: 0
The Infrastructure Development Compatibility To Enhance Community Welfare 基础设施发展兼容性提升社区福利
Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.21776/UB.JPAS.2021.006.01.4
Ali Asfar, S. Zauhar, S. Rochmah, H. Hermawan
This paper aims to describe and analyze the regulations, the interest of actors and the budgets compatibility between the central government, regional governments in infrastructure development of Rokan Hilir District. This research uses a descriptive approach, with qualitative research methods. The research findings show that there is no compatibility between the regulations of the central government and regional governments, therefore the regulations made by the central government cannot be carried out effectively and there are also conflicts with the wishes of local communities. The central government prioritizes the interests of the country as a whole rather than the interests of the people in the region. Infrastructure development in Rokan Hilir Regency is strongly influenced by the Executive Actor and Political Actor (Legislative). The 2012 fiscal year to 2017 indicated that the operating budget is greater than the development budget, this is happened due to the siphoning of the budget to pay the salaries of temporary workers, and other routine expenditures. The implication is that Rokan Hilir Regency unable to carry out some physical development (infrastructure).
本文旨在描述和分析罗干希利尔地区基础设施建设的法规、行为主体的利益以及中央政府和地方政府之间的预算兼容性。本研究采用描述性研究方法,结合定性研究方法。研究结果表明,中央政府制定的规章制度与地方政府的规章制度不相容,因此中央政府制定的规章制度不能得到有效执行,也与地方社区的意愿存在冲突。中央政府把国家的整体利益放在首位,而不是把地区人民的利益放在首位。罗干希利尔县的基础设施发展受到行政行为者和政治行为者(立法)的强烈影响。2012财年至2017财年,运营预算大于发展预算,这是由于支付临时工工资和其他日常支出的预算被抽走。这意味着罗干希利尔摄政无法进行一些物质发展(基础设施)。
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引用次数: 0
The Process The Formation of The Collective Leadership on The Corruption Eradication Commission 反腐委员会领导集体的形成过程
Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.21776/UB.JPAS.2021.006.01.1
M. Muslimin, Y. Gani, S. Suryadi, Choirul Saleh
This article was written based on the findings of research that examines the process of formation of collective leadership implemented by the Corruption Eradication Commission (Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi: KPK) in Indonesia during its inception in 2003 until the end of the leadership of Abraham Samad 2015. The results of the study indicate that the KPK's collective leadership was gradually formed through several stages can be identified in 3 development cycles. The first stage is a pioneering cycle that requires prerequisites for the formation of collective leadership in order to operate the leadership mechanism in the KPK's organizational structure. Second, the critical cycle, namely the operational trials of collective leadership that have the opportunity to succeed or fail. This cycle is characterized by collaboration between structures in the collective decision making process. Third, the operational stabilization cycle, is a stage of development that leads to the cohesiveness of KPK members and results in superior level of performance.
本文是根据研究结果撰写的,该研究调查了印度尼西亚根除腐败委员会(Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi: KPK)在2003年成立至2015年亚伯拉罕·萨马德领导结束期间实施的集体领导的形成过程。研究结果表明,KPK的集体领导是经过几个阶段逐渐形成的,可以识别为3个发展周期。第一阶段是开拓周期,需要形成集体领导的先决条件,以便在KPK的组织结构中运作领导机制。第二,关键周期,即集体领导的操作试验,有成功或失败的机会。这种循环的特点是在集体决策过程中各结构之间的协作。第三,业务稳定周期,是一个发展阶段,导致KPK成员的凝聚力,并导致卓越的绩效水平。
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引用次数: 0
Action Environment Potential by the Private Higher Education within Tertiary LL Dikti III for the SN Dikti Implementation 行动环境潜力的私立高等教育在高等教育LL Dikti III为SN Dikti实施
Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.21776/UB.JPAS.2021.006.01.7
M. Sofyan
Today, private universities are required to have competitiveness, independence, sustainable reach, integrated information network, in order to maintain the quality of higher education. In fact, not all tertiary institutions have plenty of qualified resources to meet these demands. The emergence of changes in meso policy on higher education standards (SN Dikti) became a substantial influence for private tertiary institutions. Private tertiary institutions are urged to be able to adjust even beyond the standards of tertiary institutions that have been prepared by the central government. The external environment and any amendments to regulations for higher education meso policies may affect the choice of actions and institutional decisions in the operational process of higher education in terms of adapting with and adopting institutions. Exploration of sundry field findings of this study has revealed several aspects to view, it’s how the regulations become a highly influential elements, organizational culture and work culture of other institutions, national, regional and global insights, the influence of inter-institutional cooperation, and assessment of international accreditation.
今天,私立大学被要求具有竞争力、独立性、可持续性、综合信息网络,以保持高等教育的质量。事实上,并非所有大专院校都有足够的资源来应付这些需求。高等教育标准中介政策(SN Dikti)的变化对私立高等教育机构产生了重大影响。私立高等教育机构应超越中央政府制定的标准进行调整。外部环境和高等教育中观政策法规的任何修改都可能影响高等教育运行过程中的行为选择和制度决策,包括适应和采用制度。探索本研究的各种实地发现揭示了几个方面的观点,即法规如何成为具有高度影响力的要素,其他机构的组织文化和工作文化,国家,区域和全球的见解,机构间合作的影响,以及国际认可的评估。
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引用次数: 0
The effectiveness of the Implementation of the Program 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) In Waste Treatment in Kalidoni District Palembang City 巨港市卡利多尼区废物处理3R(减少、再利用、再循环)方案的实施效果
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.21776/UB.JPAS.2020.005.02.4
Deby Chintia Hestiriniah, Trecy Austin
The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the effectiveness of the Implementation of the Program 3R (reduce, reuse, recycle) in waste processing. This study was conducted in Kalidoni District the City of Palembang. Research using this approach kualitatif with the level of explanation descriptive. As for the type of data used in this research included in this type of qualitative data. Data collection techniques used include in-depth interviews (indepth interview), observation and documentation. The data analysis technique used in this research is a descriptive technique which includes three stages of analysis, namely data reduction, data display and conclusion drawing/verification. From the research conducted, the processing of garbage through the program 3R proclaimed by the District Kalidoni've been running effectively, it can be seen from the indicators of the effectiveness obtained by the researchers that the Level of Success of the Program, the Success Rate of the Target, the Level of satisfaction with the Program, the Level of Input and Output, and the Level of Achievement of the Objectives.
本研究的目的是调查和分析在废物处理中实施3R(减少,再利用,再循环)计划的有效性。这项研究是在巨港市卡利多尼区进行的。使用这种方法进行的研究具有定性和描述性的解释层次。至于本研究中所使用的数据类型,则包括这类定性数据。使用的数据收集技术包括深度访谈(depth interview)、观察和记录。本研究中使用的数据分析技术是一种描述性技术,包括三个分析阶段,即数据还原、数据显示和结论得出/验证。从所进行的研究来看,Kalidoni区所宣布的3R计划的垃圾处理是有效运行的,从研究人员获得的有效性指标中可以看出,该计划的成功程度、目标的成功率、对计划的满意度、投入产出程度和目标的实现程度。
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引用次数: 1
Organizational Learning and Self-Efficacy as the mediators in the Organizational Culture impact on the Employee’s Performance 组织学习和自我效能感在组织文化对员工绩效的影响中起中介作用
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.21776/UB.JPAS.2020.005.02.5
H.Sabri Hasan
This study investigated the mediating effects of organizational learning and self-efficacy on the relationship between organizational culture and employee performance. The sample consisted of 172 employees of government owned banking institutions in Malang district, Indonesia. Results, using path analysis reveal that all the variables examined positively and significantly affect employee performance. This study found that organizational learning and self-efficacy mediated the relationship between organizational culture and employee performance.
本研究考察了组织学习和自我效能感在组织文化与员工绩效关系中的中介作用。样本包括172名印尼玛琅区国有银行机构的雇员。结果显示,所有被检验的变量都对员工绩效有显著的正向影响。本研究发现组织学习和自我效能感在组织文化与员工绩效的关系中起中介作用。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
JPAS Journal of Public Administration Studies
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