Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.20916/1812-3228-2021-3-109-116
A. Altoukhov, Z. N. Afinskaya
The improvement of the scientific image of the world is closely connected with the development of scientific terminology, with the understanding of its cognitive content. In this process, due to the metaphorical reinterpretation of terms, which is ensured by their semantic plasticity, their reinterpretation or secondary terminologization occurs. Metaphors construct a conceptual system of ordinary and, especially, scientific thinking. The purpose of the study is to highlight the problem of linguistic and cognitive characteristics of terms as a factor in the implementation of interdisciplinary knowledge. The term ecosystem has entered the active circulation of the language of science, where the first element “eco” implies a conceptual connection with ecology. The purpose of the study is to consider the features of the linguocognitive aspect of the term ecosystem. The term ecosystem (écosystème) has a wide range of uses in various scientific fields of knowledge in different national literary languages. Due to its semantic plasticity, it participates in the formation of new term concepts, developing the synergy of scientific thinking. The meaning of a new term does not arise simply as the sum of the values of its term elements, although the meaning of each of them is preserved in it to a certain extent. Thus, the term concept ecosystem has become widespread in various spheres of human activity ((urban ecosystem, marine ecosystem, information ecosystem, entrepreneurship ecosystem, innovation ecosystem, museum ecosystem, narratology ecosystem, media space ecosystem, etc.). Terminology, thus, as a set of definitions of various aspects of scientific knowledge, becomes one of the important sections of cognitive linguistics. A comparative analysis of French and Russian terminology allows us to highlight the problems of not only interdisciplinary connections within one national image of the world, but also to see the peculiarities of the formulation of terms taking into account the specifics of different national languages.
{"title":"ON PLASTICITY OF THE TERM ECOSYSTEM","authors":"A. Altoukhov, Z. N. Afinskaya","doi":"10.20916/1812-3228-2021-3-109-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20916/1812-3228-2021-3-109-116","url":null,"abstract":"The improvement of the scientific image of the world is closely connected with the development of scientific terminology, with the understanding of its cognitive content. In this process, due to the metaphorical reinterpretation of terms, which is ensured by their semantic plasticity, their reinterpretation or secondary terminologization occurs. Metaphors construct a conceptual system of ordinary and, especially, scientific thinking. The purpose of the study is to highlight the problem of linguistic and cognitive characteristics of terms as a factor in the implementation of interdisciplinary knowledge. The term ecosystem has entered the active circulation of the language of science, where the first element “eco” implies a conceptual connection with ecology. The purpose of the study is to consider the features of the linguocognitive aspect of the term ecosystem. The term ecosystem (écosystème) has a wide range of uses in various scientific fields of knowledge in different national literary languages. Due to its semantic plasticity, it participates in the formation of new term concepts, developing the synergy of scientific thinking. The meaning of a new term does not arise simply as the sum of the values of its term elements, although the meaning of each of them is preserved in it to a certain extent. Thus, the term concept ecosystem has become widespread in various spheres of human activity ((urban ecosystem, marine ecosystem, information ecosystem, entrepreneurship ecosystem, innovation ecosystem, museum ecosystem, narratology ecosystem, media space ecosystem, etc.). Terminology, thus, as a set of definitions of various aspects of scientific knowledge, becomes one of the important sections of cognitive linguistics. A comparative analysis of French and Russian terminology allows us to highlight the problems of not only interdisciplinary connections within one national image of the world, but also to see the peculiarities of the formulation of terms taking into account the specifics of different national languages.","PeriodicalId":53482,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67635386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.20916/1812-3228-2021-1-70-79
N. A. Iliukhina
The author examines, using the example of a concept-proposition, multiple manifestations of the connection between a mental unit and units of a language system, argues that the principle of structuring knowledge, characteristic of a proposition, is found in the semantic structure of a sentence, a word-formation nest, in the logic of lexical metonymy, in the logic of transferring definitions, as well as in the ability of a noun to represent knowledge of a propositional nature in speech, concludes that there is a deep commonality of mental and linguistic activity. The semantic structure of the sentence and the structure of the syntactic proposition are isomorphic to the structure of the mental proposition. The vectors of the transfer of the definition from one term of the sentence to another, as well as to the designation of the entire situation, often have propositional logic and are closed by the framework of one sentence. Propositional logic is observed in many word-building nests, especially consistent with the structure of nests organized by a polyactant verb. Among the verbal derivatives in the nest, the percentage of lexemes that name the components of the corresponding situation is significant, in some cases - all the main components of the situation. At the lexico-semantic level, the projection of a proposition on the phenomenon of metonymy is described. Among the models of transference, a variety is highlighted, called propositional metonymy. It includes transfers of the name, the vectors of which (shift of the focus of attention) reflect the structure of the proposition. Another manifestation of the connection between a proposition and linguistic units, considered in the article, is the facts of using a single noun in speech of any lexical and grammatical semantics to represent all situations of any structural complexity. The realized perspective of the research (from the mental unit to linguistic units and processes that reveal with it a certain isomorphism in the logic of categorization and conceptualization of knowledge) allows us to reveal an important line of interaction between the mental and linguistic levels.
{"title":"ABOUT PROJECTIONS OFTHE MENTAL STRUCTURE INTO LANGUAGE AND SPEECH (on the example ofthe concept-proposition)","authors":"N. A. Iliukhina","doi":"10.20916/1812-3228-2021-1-70-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20916/1812-3228-2021-1-70-79","url":null,"abstract":"The author examines, using the example of a concept-proposition, multiple manifestations of the connection between a mental unit and units of a language system, argues that the principle of structuring knowledge, characteristic of a proposition, is found in the semantic structure of a sentence, a word-formation nest, in the logic of lexical metonymy, in the logic of transferring definitions, as well as in the ability of a noun to represent knowledge of a propositional nature in speech, concludes that there is a deep commonality of mental and linguistic activity. The semantic structure of the sentence and the structure of the syntactic proposition are isomorphic to the structure of the mental proposition. The vectors of the transfer of the definition from one term of the sentence to another, as well as to the designation of the entire situation, often have propositional logic and are closed by the framework of one sentence. Propositional logic is observed in many word-building nests, especially consistent with the structure of nests organized by a polyactant verb. Among the verbal derivatives in the nest, the percentage of lexemes that name the components of the corresponding situation is significant, in some cases - all the main components of the situation. At the lexico-semantic level, the projection of a proposition on the phenomenon of metonymy is described. Among the models of transference, a variety is highlighted, called propositional metonymy. It includes transfers of the name, the vectors of which (shift of the focus of attention) reflect the structure of the proposition. Another manifestation of the connection between a proposition and linguistic units, considered in the article, is the facts of using a single noun in speech of any lexical and grammatical semantics to represent all situations of any structural complexity. The realized perspective of the research (from the mental unit to linguistic units and processes that reveal with it a certain isomorphism in the logic of categorization and conceptualization of knowledge) allows us to reveal an important line of interaction between the mental and linguistic levels.","PeriodicalId":53482,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67635576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.20916/1812-3228-2021-3-88-95
N. Shnyakina, A. M. Klyoster
This article is devoted to the statement of the normative evaluation principles in the field of professional communication. The aim of the study is to formulate the normative evaluation principles in the German-language scientific discourse from a cognitive point of view. The theoretical task of the work is to model the patterns of existence in the mind of human’s normative evaluation; the practical significance lies in the review of linguistic means used to objectify various aspects of normative evaluation in the field of professional communication. The materials of the research were the examples from scientific and popular science articles. The main research method is contextual analysis, which guides the transition of thought from parts to the general meaning; the authors used elements of definitional analysis and a modeling method allowing to reflect the sequence of cognitive operations in a visual form. A comprehensive analysis of the examples allowed formulating a number of normative evaluation principles. The fundamental logical operations determining the expression of knowledge about the norm are comparison and prediction of the result. The established degree of the evaluated object conformity to the norm predetermines a person’s schematized knowledge of the coincidence with it or deviation from it.
{"title":"NORMATIVE EVALUATION IN SCIENTIFIC DISCOURSE","authors":"N. Shnyakina, A. M. Klyoster","doi":"10.20916/1812-3228-2021-3-88-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20916/1812-3228-2021-3-88-95","url":null,"abstract":"This article is devoted to the statement of the normative evaluation principles in the field of professional communication. The aim of the study is to formulate the normative evaluation principles in the German-language scientific discourse from a cognitive point of view. The theoretical task of the work is to model the patterns of existence in the mind of human’s normative evaluation; the practical significance lies in the review of linguistic means used to objectify various aspects of normative evaluation in the field of professional communication. The materials of the research were the examples from scientific and popular science articles. The main research method is contextual analysis, which guides the transition of thought from parts to the general meaning; the authors used elements of definitional analysis and a modeling method allowing to reflect the sequence of cognitive operations in a visual form. A comprehensive analysis of the examples allowed formulating a number of normative evaluation principles. The fundamental logical operations determining the expression of knowledge about the norm are comparison and prediction of the result. The established degree of the evaluated object conformity to the norm predetermines a person’s schematized knowledge of the coincidence with it or deviation from it.","PeriodicalId":53482,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67635416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.20916/1812-3228-2021-1-5-16
M. Kiose, T. G. Kharlamova
The study reveals the reading and construal techniques employed in the process of textual entrenchment of indirect nominal groups. Entrenchment is characterized by the conventionalization of the nominal group form and the repeated referent construal scheme. The research discloses whether any repeated indirect nominal group use contributes to its entrenchment which is assessed in the oculographic experiment. It traces the eye-movement techniques and the reference identification index variations signifying the changes in the cognitive load distribution. To define the construal differences occurring in the first and repeated indirect nominal group use, we apply the system of parameters of focusing and process the parametric analysis of the text fragments. We initially hypothesized that the repeated indirect nominal group use will employ defocusing and repeated focusing schemes, however it also employed new focusing schemes. The changing roles of focusing and defocusing were evaluated oculographically and revealed the techniques of both cognitive load decrease and increase, with fixation duration decrease and stable reading regimes correlating with defocusing / repeated focusing, and identification index decrease and longer fixation duration correlating with new focusing. The results give evidence that textual entrenchment is in most cases accompanied by novel construal, and is constrained not solely by the number of repeated indirect nominal group uses but by its new roles in the text and referent construal.
{"title":"COGNITIVE AND EYE-MOVEMENT TECHNIQUES IN INDIRECT NOMINAL GROUPS ENTRENCHMENT","authors":"M. Kiose, T. G. Kharlamova","doi":"10.20916/1812-3228-2021-1-5-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20916/1812-3228-2021-1-5-16","url":null,"abstract":"The study reveals the reading and construal techniques employed in the process of textual entrenchment of indirect nominal groups. Entrenchment is characterized by the conventionalization of the nominal group form and the repeated referent construal scheme. The research discloses whether any repeated indirect nominal group use contributes to its entrenchment which is assessed in the oculographic experiment. It traces the eye-movement techniques and the reference identification index variations signifying the changes in the cognitive load distribution. To define the construal differences occurring in the first and repeated indirect nominal group use, we apply the system of parameters of focusing and process the parametric analysis of the text fragments. We initially hypothesized that the repeated indirect nominal group use will employ defocusing and repeated focusing schemes, however it also employed new focusing schemes. The changing roles of focusing and defocusing were evaluated oculographically and revealed the techniques of both cognitive load decrease and increase, with fixation duration decrease and stable reading regimes correlating with defocusing / repeated focusing, and identification index decrease and longer fixation duration correlating with new focusing. The results give evidence that textual entrenchment is in most cases accompanied by novel construal, and is constrained not solely by the number of repeated indirect nominal group uses but by its new roles in the text and referent construal.","PeriodicalId":53482,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67635448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.20916/1812-3228-2021-4-109-121
A. A. Khustenko, E. A. Sherina
The article examines means for constructing identities in legal informal discourse on Internet memes corpus. The aim of our research is to establish the regularities in the ways of identity constructions through the categorical oppositions and the stylistic means. The background of the research is the socio-constructionist and critical discourse-analysis approaches. We applied a methodology that integrates two approaches: a critical discourse analysis, as well as methods of humour analysis developed within the framework of a semantic approach to humour based on scripts (Script-based Semantic Theory of Humour (SSTH)). This involved identifying the subject positions based on linguistic and contextual analysis; examination of universal ways of how identities are expressed in informal legal discourse. The focus of our analysis was on the stylistic means that implement a certain way of professional identity construction. Our analysis indicated that identities appear fragmentary and are constructed with the means of different discourses; the central one is the professional legal, which is compared or contrasted to everyday discourse, informal, advertising and even “mom’s” discourse. The list of linguistic resources varies from legal terminology and neutral vocabulary to colloquial and thieves’ and mothers’ slang and invective vocabulary. The study expands the field of knowledge about the ways, stylistic and linguistic means of constructing professional identity through various possibilities of discursive subjects positioning.
{"title":"DISCURSIVE CONSTRUCTIONS OF PROFESSIONAL IDENTITY IN INFORMAL LEGAL DISCOURSE","authors":"A. A. Khustenko, E. A. Sherina","doi":"10.20916/1812-3228-2021-4-109-121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20916/1812-3228-2021-4-109-121","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines means for constructing identities in legal informal discourse on Internet memes corpus. The aim of our research is to establish the regularities in the ways of identity constructions through the categorical oppositions and the stylistic means. The background of the research is the socio-constructionist and critical discourse-analysis approaches. We applied a methodology that integrates two approaches: a critical discourse analysis, as well as methods of humour analysis developed within the framework of a semantic approach to humour based on scripts (Script-based Semantic Theory of Humour (SSTH)). This involved identifying the subject positions based on linguistic and contextual analysis; examination of universal ways of how identities are expressed in informal legal discourse. The focus of our analysis was on the stylistic means that implement a certain way of professional identity construction. Our analysis indicated that identities appear fragmentary and are constructed with the means of different discourses; the central one is the professional legal, which is compared or contrasted to everyday discourse, informal, advertising and even “mom’s” discourse. The list of linguistic resources varies from legal terminology and neutral vocabulary to colloquial and thieves’ and mothers’ slang and invective vocabulary. The study expands the field of knowledge about the ways, stylistic and linguistic means of constructing professional identity through various possibilities of discursive subjects positioning.","PeriodicalId":53482,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67636044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.20916/1812-3228-2021-4-47-54
S. Vinogradova
The article opens with a brief overview of approaches to the study of secondary phenomena in the linguistic worldview. In particular, the author indicates the main reasons for secondary meaning formation including linguistic economy based on minimum of efforts aspiration and the associative and creative nature of human thinking. The author argues that in the framework of cognitive linguistics secondary meanings result from interpretation and the accompanying conceptual derivation and metarepresentation as processes of cognition. Such processes reflect a new understanding of the previously acquired knowledge, generating secondary conceptual structures, and choosing best ways of their anchoring in language considering cognitive dominants of linguistic consciousness as certain templates for construing reality through language. In the context of the above processes, the author examines secondary phenomena of the linguistic worldview analysing the examples of lexical and grammatical units of the English language. The discussion is focused on the outcomes of word formation in lexis, secondary interjections, secondary predicative structures, composite sentences.
{"title":"SECONDARY PHENOMENA IN THE LINGUISTIC WORLDVIEW (COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE)","authors":"S. Vinogradova","doi":"10.20916/1812-3228-2021-4-47-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20916/1812-3228-2021-4-47-54","url":null,"abstract":"The article opens with a brief overview of approaches to the study of secondary phenomena in the linguistic worldview. In particular, the author indicates the main reasons for secondary meaning formation including linguistic economy based on minimum of efforts aspiration and the associative and creative nature of human thinking. The author argues that in the framework of cognitive linguistics secondary meanings result from interpretation and the accompanying conceptual derivation and metarepresentation as processes of cognition. Such processes reflect a new understanding of the previously acquired knowledge, generating secondary conceptual structures, and choosing best ways of their anchoring in language considering cognitive dominants of linguistic consciousness as certain templates for construing reality through language. In the context of the above processes, the author examines secondary phenomena of the linguistic worldview analysing the examples of lexical and grammatical units of the English language. The discussion is focused on the outcomes of word formation in lexis, secondary interjections, secondary predicative structures, composite sentences.","PeriodicalId":53482,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67635879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.20916/1812-3228-2021-4-55-66
M. Kiose, A. Rzheshevskaya
The study explores the cognitive process of interdiscourse switching which occurs in reading drama plays with the author’s discourse fragments incorporated (Areas of Interest). The oculographic experiment reveals the gaze patterns and the discourse interpretation patterns, more and less typical of the process. The experiment is preceded by the parametric and annotation analysis of interdiscourse switching construal. Interestingly, there exist several construal parameter groups contingent with eye movement load redistribution, among them are Participant construal, Event construal, and Perspective construal. The results sufficed to show that construal effects also affect mentioning Areas of Interest in the subjects’ responses, the most significant influence is displayed by Participant Agentivity and Complexity parameters as well as by Event Type parameters.
{"title":"INTERDISCOURSE SWITCHING IN DRAMA TEXT. GAZE PATTERNS AND COMPREHENSION CHECK RESULTS","authors":"M. Kiose, A. Rzheshevskaya","doi":"10.20916/1812-3228-2021-4-55-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20916/1812-3228-2021-4-55-66","url":null,"abstract":"The study explores the cognitive process of interdiscourse switching which occurs in reading drama plays with the author’s discourse fragments incorporated (Areas of Interest). The oculographic experiment reveals the gaze patterns and the discourse interpretation patterns, more and less typical of the process. The experiment is preceded by the parametric and annotation analysis of interdiscourse switching construal. Interestingly, there exist several construal parameter groups contingent with eye movement load redistribution, among them are Participant construal, Event construal, and Perspective construal. The results sufficed to show that construal effects also affect mentioning Areas of Interest in the subjects’ responses, the most significant influence is displayed by Participant Agentivity and Complexity parameters as well as by Event Type parameters.","PeriodicalId":53482,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67635937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.20916/1812-3228-2021-1-39-46
L. Babina, E. V. Dolgova
The article deals with comparison as a cognitive mechanism that determines the formation of the semantics of the phraseological units (hereinafter - PU) of the English language that convey knowledge about human being. The authors study the PU that include zoonyms and structurally represent comparative constructions of two types: comparative constructions as ... as and comparisons with the word like . The method of cognitive modeling enabled to reveal the cognitive comparison models used in creating the considered PU. The study allowed us to identify the following cognitive models of comparison: 1) HUMAN BEING AS PHYSICAL QUALITY/PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE AS ANIMAL (either physical/physiological characteristics are compared, or the characteristic is transferred from the physical/physiological to the psychological domain); 2) HUMAN BEING AS PSYCHOLOGICAL QUALITY AS ANIMAL (helps to comprehend information about psychological qualities and human behavior through the prism of ideas about animals); 3) HUMAN BEING LIKE ANIMAL (used when comparing human and animal features); 4) HUMAN BEING ACT LIKE ANIMAL (used when comparing the actions of people and animals). In conclusion the authors state the role of cognitive comparison models in forming the semantics of the PU in the English language, which is definitely important: they help to organize knowledge from different domains for their subsequent comparison.
比较是一种认知机制，它决定了英语语言中表达人类知识的词汇单位(以下简称PU)的语义形成。作者研究了包括人畜异义词和结构上代表比较结构的两种类型的比较结构:比较结构和比较结构。As和like的比较。认知建模的方法能够揭示在创建所考虑的PU时使用的认知比较模型。通过本研究，我们确定了以下认知比较模型:1)人类作为身体素质/生理状态作为动物(将身体/生理特征进行比较，或将特征从身体/生理领域转移到心理领域);2)人类作为动物的心理素质(通过动物观念的棱镜，帮助理解心理素质和人类行为的信息);3) HUMAN LIKE ANIMAL(用于比较人和动物的特征);4) HUMAN BEING ACT LIKE ANIMAL(用于比较人和动物的行为)。最后，作者陈述了认知比较模型在形成英语语言的语义中的作用，这一点非常重要:它们有助于组织来自不同领域的知识，以便进行后续的比较。
{"title":"COGNITIVE COMPARISON MODELS FORMING SEMANTICS OF THE ENGLISH PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH A ZOONYM COMPONENT","authors":"L. Babina, E. V. Dolgova","doi":"10.20916/1812-3228-2021-1-39-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20916/1812-3228-2021-1-39-46","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with comparison as a cognitive mechanism that determines the formation of the semantics of the phraseological units (hereinafter - PU) of the English language that convey knowledge about human being. The authors study the PU that include zoonyms and structurally represent comparative constructions of two types: comparative constructions as ... as and comparisons with the word like . The method of cognitive modeling enabled to reveal the cognitive comparison models used in creating the considered PU. The study allowed us to identify the following cognitive models of comparison: 1) HUMAN BEING AS PHYSICAL QUALITY/PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE AS ANIMAL (either physical/physiological characteristics are compared, or the characteristic is transferred from the physical/physiological to the psychological domain); 2) HUMAN BEING AS PSYCHOLOGICAL QUALITY AS ANIMAL (helps to comprehend information about psychological qualities and human behavior through the prism of ideas about animals); 3) HUMAN BEING LIKE ANIMAL (used when comparing human and animal features); 4) HUMAN BEING ACT LIKE ANIMAL (used when comparing the actions of people and animals). In conclusion the authors state the role of cognitive comparison models in forming the semantics of the PU in the English language, which is definitely important: they help to organize knowledge from different domains for their subsequent comparison.","PeriodicalId":53482,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67635031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.20916/1812-3228-2021-3-43-51
D. A. Kozhanov
The article analyses the cognitive mechanisms of interpretation of the literary text viewed in the context of discourse interaction. As the article shows, being the elements of discourse, the cognitive structures determine the procedures of interpretation of the literary text. Viewed from the cognitive aspect, such interpretation consists in constituting new cognitive images in the reader’s mind on the basis of various discourse markers (scientific terms, syntactic patterns, etc.). The article demonstrates on the material of the English language the role of cognitive scripts, belonging to the scientific worldview, in arranging the plot of the literary text. The phenomenon of interpretation finds its manifestation in filling in the slots of the cognitive script in the process of reading the text. Considering the semantic potential of scientific discourse markers, the author reveals the influence of the scientific worldview on the literary world picture. The analysis of text fragments enables the author to conclude that the study of discourse interaction can prove useful in text analysis as it may help revealing the specificity of an author’s idiostyle and a reader’s interpretation of the text.
{"title":"Cognitive script experiment In the worldview of literary text (based on Douglas Adams’ novel “The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the galaxy”)","authors":"D. A. Kozhanov","doi":"10.20916/1812-3228-2021-3-43-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20916/1812-3228-2021-3-43-51","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyses the cognitive mechanisms of interpretation of the literary text viewed in the context of discourse interaction. As the article shows, being the elements of discourse, the cognitive structures determine the procedures of interpretation of the literary text. Viewed from the cognitive aspect, such interpretation consists in constituting new cognitive images in the reader’s mind on the basis of various discourse markers (scientific terms, syntactic patterns, etc.). The article demonstrates on the material of the English language the role of cognitive scripts, belonging to the scientific worldview, in arranging the plot of the literary text. The phenomenon of interpretation finds its manifestation in filling in the slots of the cognitive script in the process of reading the text. Considering the semantic potential of scientific discourse markers, the author reveals the influence of the scientific worldview on the literary world picture. The analysis of text fragments enables the author to conclude that the study of discourse interaction can prove useful in text analysis as it may help revealing the specificity of an author’s idiostyle and a reader’s interpretation of the text.","PeriodicalId":53482,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67635598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.20916/1812-3228-2021-4-22-34
N. Boldyrev
The author analyses grammatical forms of linguistic cognition which are used for primary and secondary interpretation of the world in the process of its mental construal in language, i.e. cognitive schemas of direct interpretation of variety of objects, events and of their characteristics as they are perceived in the world around (primary interpretation), on the one hand, and those of interpretation of previously gained and verbalized conventional knowledge about the world, on the other. He argues that structuring world and world knowledge in the processes of conceptualization and categorization is always interpretative and follows some general, or conventional, and specific, or individual, cognitive schemas. This argument is derived from the author-suggested three-member pattern of language functions, claiming ‘the interpretive function’ to be a basic one along with the cognitive and communicative functions. It is the interpretive function of language that requires a broad choice of schemas to structure the world and the world knowledge and to trigger basic processes of linguistic interpretation. Among the conventional grammatical schemas employed in these processes are certain types of concepts and categories, propositional, metaphoric, and metonymic models represented by different types of syntactic structures, simple or complex, as well as the structure of various types of texts. Individually specific can be human particular systems of conceptualization and categorization, complex propositions, newly-construed metaphors, and modified conventional schemas which are specifically represented in language.
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