Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.46300/91011.2022.16.33
A.M. Mansour
In this paper, a new method was developed to detect the face mask wearing conditions using both Independent Component Analysis as a feature extractor and naïve Bayes as a classifies. The method was tested using real face images. The dataset was used for both training and testing. The MATLAB is used as programming software. The achieved accuracy in the testing 92.67%. The method was also tested using real live face pictures. The results were excellent, and the accuracy was 87.29%.
{"title":"Face Mask Wearing Detection using Independent Component Analysis and Naïve Bayes Classifier","authors":"A.M. Mansour","doi":"10.46300/91011.2022.16.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2022.16.33","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new method was developed to detect the face mask wearing conditions using both Independent Component Analysis as a feature extractor and naïve Bayes as a classifies. The method was tested using real face images. The dataset was used for both training and testing. The MATLAB is used as programming software. The achieved accuracy in the testing 92.67%. The method was also tested using real live face pictures. The results were excellent, and the accuracy was 87.29%.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48454890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.46300/91011.2022.16.36
Kisang Kwon, Eun-Ryeong Lee, Kyung-Hee Kang, Tae-Sik Hwang, Seung-Whan Kim, Hyewon Park, O. Kwon
Thyroglobulin (Tg) is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis and thyroid function. Its levels are regulated by external environmental changes. Zinc is widely involved in cellular processes as a cofactor of enzymes and participates in metabolic processes. Here we investigated whether zinc depletion affected Tg production and secretion through the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in the PCCL3 thyroid cell line exposed to the zinc chelator N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (Tpen). Although zinc depletion did not affect the gene expression of ER chaperones (BiP and PDI), it increased the expression of ER transmembrane signaling proteins (PKR-like ER kinase, inositol requiring enzyme 1, and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6)). This resulted in the activation of downstream factors as shown by the increase of eIF2-α phosphorylation, X-box binding protein 1 mRNA splicing, and ATF6 fragmentation. Zinc depletion induced an inhibition of Tg expression and secretion and activated apoptosis in PCCL3 cells. Moreover, a reduction of secreted T4 levels and histologically abnormal thyroid follicle structures were found after zinc depletion. Therefore, zinc depletion likely inhibited the biosynthesis and extracellular secretion of Tg through ER stress signaling. These findings provide valuable insight into zinc potential as a treatment of hyperthyroidism.
{"title":"Zinc Depletion Inhibits the Synthesis and Secretion of Thyroglobulin by Inducing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in PCCL3 Thyroid Cells","authors":"Kisang Kwon, Eun-Ryeong Lee, Kyung-Hee Kang, Tae-Sik Hwang, Seung-Whan Kim, Hyewon Park, O. Kwon","doi":"10.46300/91011.2022.16.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2022.16.36","url":null,"abstract":"Thyroglobulin (Tg) is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis and thyroid function. Its levels are regulated by external environmental changes. Zinc is widely involved in cellular processes as a cofactor of enzymes and participates in metabolic processes. Here we investigated whether zinc depletion affected Tg production and secretion through the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in the PCCL3 thyroid cell line exposed to the zinc chelator N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (Tpen). Although zinc depletion did not affect the gene expression of ER chaperones (BiP and PDI), it increased the expression of ER transmembrane signaling proteins (PKR-like ER kinase, inositol requiring enzyme 1, and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6)). This resulted in the activation of downstream factors as shown by the increase of eIF2-α phosphorylation, X-box binding protein 1 mRNA splicing, and ATF6 fragmentation. Zinc depletion induced an inhibition of Tg expression and secretion and activated apoptosis in PCCL3 cells. Moreover, a reduction of secreted T4 levels and histologically abnormal thyroid follicle structures were found after zinc depletion. Therefore, zinc depletion likely inhibited the biosynthesis and extracellular secretion of Tg through ER stress signaling. These findings provide valuable insight into zinc potential as a treatment of hyperthyroidism.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42183262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.46300/91011.2022.16.35
Atheer F. ALsaad, E. S. I. Rizk
The research aims to study the effectiveness of Risk Management (RM) in achieving sustainability for the University of Hail (UOH). The research tools were represented in the general data questionnaire, the RM effectiveness questionnaire, and the university sustainability questionnaire. The research was conducted on 510 employees (leaders, faculty members, and staff) at the UOH. The research followed the descriptive and analytical approach. It was evident that the UOH attained a high degree of sustainability as a sustainable university (with a sustainable vision and mission, policies and goals, and infrastructure). On the other hand, human cadres’ sustainability was medium. RM’s effectiveness (planning, implementation, and evaluation) at the UOH was high. A directly proportional statistically significant correlation was found at a level of 0.01 between RM and reaching sustainability for the university. The effectiveness of RM as a whole was the most contributing factor in predicting the extent of the impact on achieving the sustainability of UOH as a whole. A statistically significant indication was also found in both achieving sustainability and the level of effectiveness of RM in the UOH, which was perceived by leaders, faculty members, and staff. Administrators and educators at UOH must account for how definitions of RM are tied to an institution’s goals, agendas, and material circumstances. Developing a better understanding of how such definitions emerge can provide greater clarity in enacting change.
{"title":"The Effectiveness of Risk Management in Achieving Sustainability of the University of Hail","authors":"Atheer F. ALsaad, E. S. I. Rizk","doi":"10.46300/91011.2022.16.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2022.16.35","url":null,"abstract":"The research aims to study the effectiveness of Risk Management (RM) in achieving sustainability for the University of Hail (UOH). The research tools were represented in the general data questionnaire, the RM effectiveness questionnaire, and the university sustainability questionnaire. The research was conducted on 510 employees (leaders, faculty members, and staff) at the UOH. The research followed the descriptive and analytical approach. It was evident that the UOH attained a high degree of sustainability as a sustainable university (with a sustainable vision and mission, policies and goals, and infrastructure). On the other hand, human cadres’ sustainability was medium. RM’s effectiveness (planning, implementation, and evaluation) at the UOH was high. A directly proportional statistically significant correlation was found at a level of 0.01 between RM and reaching sustainability for the university. The effectiveness of RM as a whole was the most contributing factor in predicting the extent of the impact on achieving the sustainability of UOH as a whole. A statistically significant indication was also found in both achieving sustainability and the level of effectiveness of RM in the UOH, which was perceived by leaders, faculty members, and staff. Administrators and educators at UOH must account for how definitions of RM are tied to an institution’s goals, agendas, and material circumstances. Developing a better understanding of how such definitions emerge can provide greater clarity in enacting change.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41470087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.46300/91011.2022.16.34
I. G. L. Triani, I. Gunam, Y. Setiyo, L. Suhendra
Reducing the use of chemicals in vegetable cultivation is an environmentally friendly cultivation technology that is expected to reduce negative impacts on the environment. One of the efforts to reduce chemicals in cultivation is to use bacteria that live in plant roots as plant growth promoters or biopesticides. This study aims to determine the number of endophytic bacteria from bamboo and leguminosae roots that have the potential as plant growth promoting agents. The making of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) starter which was carried out in this study used the roots of bamboo, lemongrass and Mimosa Pudica Linn. Furthermore, it is applied to vegetable cultivation (Chinese cabbage, tomato, carrot and green mustard/caisim) to determine the physical characteristics of vegetables from the result of PGPR application compared to results from conventional farmers. This study used a factorial randomized block design with 2 factors. The first factor is the plant roots used, while the second factor is the length of the plant roots soaking in water, namely 72, 96, 120 hours. The data from the PGPR starter analysis results are made into a table, then a descriptive discussion is carried out. For vegetable data from the cultivation results using PGPR compared to vegetable from conventional farmer results. Based on laboratory analysis, obtained the total microbes in samples from bamboo roots with a soaking time of 72 hours were higher than the other samples, namely 8.49 x 106 cfu ml-1; pH in samples of PGPR from the roots of Mimosa Pudica Linn, bamboo, lemongrass, commercial PGPR (from Central Java farmers) ranged from 3.0 to 6.7; while the total dissolved solids content ranged from 0.2 to 2.6%. Based on the graph of plant growth in the PGPR treatment and with no treatment, there is a slight difference, not much increase or decrease. In tomatoes with PGPR treatment, plant growth was higher than without the use of PGPR, while for Chinese cabbage and caisim the growth was almost the same between PGPR treatment and without PGPR. For carrots, it was seen that with PGPR treatment, plant growth was lower than without PGPR. The results of the analysis of texture, brightness level and total dissolved solids in Chinese cabbage, caisim, tomatoes and carrots with PGPR application, the characteristics are almost the same as the results of conventional farmers. By looking at these results, it is hoped that in the future cultivation innovation by utilizing bacteria around the roots, is one of the environmentally friendly cultivation applications and begins to reduce the use of chemicals in cultivation.
{"title":"Cultivation Innovations of Growth Promoting Bacteria and the Characteristics of Several\u0000Vegetables","authors":"I. G. L. Triani, I. Gunam, Y. Setiyo, L. Suhendra","doi":"10.46300/91011.2022.16.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2022.16.34","url":null,"abstract":"Reducing the use of chemicals in vegetable cultivation is an environmentally friendly cultivation technology that is expected to reduce negative impacts on the environment. One of the efforts to reduce chemicals in cultivation is to use bacteria that live in plant roots as plant growth promoters or biopesticides. This study aims to determine the number of endophytic bacteria from bamboo and leguminosae roots that have the potential as plant growth promoting agents. The making of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) starter which was carried out in this study used the roots of bamboo, lemongrass and Mimosa Pudica Linn. Furthermore, it is applied to vegetable cultivation (Chinese cabbage, tomato, carrot and green mustard/caisim) to determine the physical characteristics of vegetables from the result of PGPR application compared to results from conventional farmers. This study used a factorial randomized block design with 2 factors. The first factor is the plant roots used, while the second factor is the length of the plant roots soaking in water, namely 72, 96, 120 hours. The data from the PGPR starter analysis results are made into a table, then a descriptive discussion is carried out. For vegetable data from the cultivation results using PGPR compared to vegetable from conventional farmer results. Based on laboratory analysis, obtained the total microbes in samples from bamboo roots with a soaking time of 72 hours were higher than the other samples, namely 8.49 x 106 cfu ml-1; pH in samples of PGPR from the roots of Mimosa Pudica Linn, bamboo, lemongrass, commercial PGPR (from Central Java farmers) ranged from 3.0 to 6.7; while the total dissolved solids content ranged from 0.2 to 2.6%. Based on the graph of plant growth in the PGPR treatment and with no treatment, there is a slight difference, not much increase or decrease. In tomatoes with PGPR treatment, plant growth was higher than without the use of PGPR, while for Chinese cabbage and caisim the growth was almost the same between PGPR treatment and without PGPR. For carrots, it was seen that with PGPR treatment, plant growth was lower than without PGPR. The results of the analysis of texture, brightness level and total dissolved solids in Chinese cabbage, caisim, tomatoes and carrots with PGPR application, the characteristics are almost the same as the results of conventional farmers. By looking at these results, it is hoped that in the future cultivation innovation by utilizing bacteria around the roots, is one of the environmentally friendly cultivation applications and begins to reduce the use of chemicals in cultivation.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42673795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-28DOI: 10.46300/91011.2022.16.32
Christharina S. G., F. Abang
Species diversity characterises an area or a targeted habitat and provides information on the species assemblages, which is a primary reflection of habitat diversity. It incorporates both species richness and abundance and may rely on factors, such as host-plant availability and food resources. Kubah National Park is a lowland mixed dipterocarp forest, and uniquely offers various vegetation types, which includes heath and submontane forests. In the present study, four contrasting forest habitats were selected along forest trails, namely, primary forests, secondary forests, heath forests and forest edges. Forty baited traps were used within a six-months of sampling period. The highest abundance was recorded at the heath forest while the least was at the secondary forest. However, there was no significant difference in terms of species abundance between forest habitats for subfamilies, as well as for the 15 most abundant nymphalid species sampled, except for Mycalesis mnasicles. This satyrine was regarded as being able to differentiate habitat, apart from sensitive to canopy openings. Secondary forest provides a heterogeneous habitat for nymphalids, and thus highest diversity was observed here. This study implies that habitat association of the family is crucial, as it will provide information for both species inventory as well as the fluctuation patterns of the nymphalids diversity. Similar study is suggested to be carried out in the future, which incorporates more than one habitat types and in a more extensive period.
{"title":"Roles of Heterogeneous Habitat for Conservation of Nymphalidae in Sarawak (East Malaysia)","authors":"Christharina S. G., F. Abang","doi":"10.46300/91011.2022.16.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2022.16.32","url":null,"abstract":"Species diversity characterises an area or a targeted habitat and provides information on the species assemblages, which is a primary reflection of habitat diversity. It incorporates both species richness and abundance and may rely on factors, such as host-plant availability and food resources. Kubah National Park is a lowland mixed dipterocarp forest, and uniquely offers various vegetation types, which includes heath and submontane forests. In the present study, four contrasting forest habitats were selected along forest trails, namely, primary forests, secondary forests, heath forests and forest edges. Forty baited traps were used within a six-months of sampling period. The highest abundance was recorded at the heath forest while the least was at the secondary forest. However, there was no significant difference in terms of species abundance between forest habitats for subfamilies, as well as for the 15 most abundant nymphalid species sampled, except for Mycalesis mnasicles. This satyrine was regarded as being able to differentiate habitat, apart from sensitive to canopy openings. Secondary forest provides a heterogeneous habitat for nymphalids, and thus highest diversity was observed here. This study implies that habitat association of the family is crucial, as it will provide information for both species inventory as well as the fluctuation patterns of the nymphalids diversity. Similar study is suggested to be carried out in the future, which incorporates more than one habitat types and in a more extensive period.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47107121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-27DOI: 10.46300/91011.2022.16.28
R. Hassan, N. K. Yahya
Green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) are using selected Sarawak sandy beaches for nesting. Its small-scale conservation efforts have started since the 1950s. However, the success of the effort is still debatable. Moreover, public participation in the conservation effort is still at an infancy stage. This study involved analysing nesting data of green turtles of Sarawak Turtle Islands (STIs) in terms of numbers of turtle landing, eggs collected, eggs incubated, and eggs hatched for Sarawak’s green turtle population from 1949 to 2016 with addition of estimation of the egg-laying females and their remigration interval. There was a sharp decline in terms of number of turtle landings from 1949 to the 1970s. The exact cause of this pattern could only be confirmed from old articles of historical value due to limited information on the events happening during those 30 years period. From 1980 to 2016, the annual nesting trend of turtles on STIs shows irregular fluctuation pattern and remigration interval of every 3 to 4 years with internesting frequency of 3. Turtle eggs were harvested annually, with a 36-year average of 223,558 eggs per year. Detailed analysis for data 1980 to 2016 shows that the lowest percentage of eggs incubated was in 1981 (20.4 %) and starting from the year 1991, egg incubation at STIs reached between 90 to 100 percent. There is an upward trend of egg hatching rate for the past 36 years, especially from the 1990s to 2000s, with the latest seven years average of 60%. The results imply that conservation of green turtle in Sarawak have been successful at different levels. However, there is still a need for relevant state agencies to modify and step-up efforts related to conservation of green turtles in Sarawak especially in terms of male:female ratio of hatchlings from STI’s hatcheries.
{"title":"Green Sea Turtle (Chelonia Mydas): a Historical Review With Relevance to Population Size in Sarawak","authors":"R. Hassan, N. K. Yahya","doi":"10.46300/91011.2022.16.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2022.16.28","url":null,"abstract":"Green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) are using selected Sarawak sandy beaches for nesting. Its small-scale conservation efforts have started since the 1950s. However, the success of the effort is still debatable. Moreover, public participation in the conservation effort is still at an infancy stage. This study involved analysing nesting data of green turtles of Sarawak Turtle Islands (STIs) in terms of numbers of turtle landing, eggs collected, eggs incubated, and eggs hatched for Sarawak’s green turtle population from 1949 to 2016 with addition of estimation of the egg-laying females and their remigration interval. There was a sharp decline in terms of number of turtle landings from 1949 to the 1970s. The exact cause of this pattern could only be confirmed from old articles of historical value due to limited information on the events happening during those 30 years period. From 1980 to 2016, the annual nesting trend of turtles on STIs shows irregular fluctuation pattern and remigration interval of every 3 to 4 years with internesting frequency of 3. Turtle eggs were harvested annually, with a 36-year average of 223,558 eggs per year. Detailed analysis for data 1980 to 2016 shows that the lowest percentage of eggs incubated was in 1981 (20.4 %) and starting from the year 1991, egg incubation at STIs reached between 90 to 100 percent. There is an upward trend of egg hatching rate for the past 36 years, especially from the 1990s to 2000s, with the latest seven years average of 60%. The results imply that conservation of green turtle in Sarawak have been successful at different levels. However, there is still a need for relevant state agencies to modify and step-up efforts related to conservation of green turtles in Sarawak especially in terms of male:female ratio of hatchlings from STI’s hatcheries.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47815625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-27DOI: 10.46300/91011.2022.16.29
Baba Ahmed Abderrazzak, Boudahri Fethi, K. Tahar
This research has enabled the assessment of environmental risk related to potential transfers of metal trace elements such as lead, cadmium, zinc, chromium and arsenic in agricultural soils whose cultivation is nearby barley. From the industrial discharge of the technical discharge center (CET) of the municipality of Oued El Djemaa is located in the Wilaya de Rélizane-Algeria and close to solid domestic waste from industrial discharges. To meet this main objective, several analyzes were carried out, based on the first place on the chemical extraction of heavy metals by treating water. This extraction has highlighted a fairly strong accumulation of cadmium, arsenic and zinc in the soil. If the total levels of heavy metal by lawy water allow for a first state of fixtures, it is more specified according to the method of Tessier which has allowed an estimate of the future of pollutants and a risk approach. The sequential extraction on the ground showed a significant source of pollution by cadmium which is mainly related to the carbonates that makes it mobile and which constitutes a potential threat to the environment. On the other hand, arsenic and zinc are mainly related to the residual phase and the reducible phase respectively so they are little mobile in the soil and do not show threat. This research work has made it possible to access fine knowledge of the fate of metal pollutants (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr and As) in agricultural soil. He also highlighted shadow points requiring multidisciplinary research.
这项研究使人们能够评估在附近种植大麦的农业土壤中铅、镉、锌、铬和砷等金属微量元素潜在转移的环境风险。来自Oued El Djemaa市技术排放中心（CET）的工业排放，该中心位于阿尔及利亚的Wilaya de Rélizane，靠近工业排放的固体生活垃圾。为了实现这一主要目标，首先对水处理化学提取重金属进行了分析。这种提取突出了镉、砷和锌在土壤中的强烈积累。如果合法水体的重金属总水平允许固定装置的第一种状态，则根据Tessier的方法进行更详细的规定，该方法允许对污染物的未来进行估计并采用风险方法。地面连续提取表明镉是一个重要的污染源，主要与碳酸盐有关，碳酸盐使镉具有流动性，对环境构成潜在威胁。另一方面，砷和锌分别主要与残留相和可还原相有关，因此它们在土壤中的流动性很小，不会表现出威胁。这项研究工作为了解农业土壤中金属污染物（Cd、Pb、Zn、Cr和As）的去向提供了可能。他还强调了需要多学科研究的阴影点。
{"title":"Evaluation of the Speciation of Heavy Metals (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr and As) in the Different Horizons of an Agricultural Soil","authors":"Baba Ahmed Abderrazzak, Boudahri Fethi, K. Tahar","doi":"10.46300/91011.2022.16.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2022.16.29","url":null,"abstract":"This research has enabled the assessment of environmental risk related to potential transfers of metal trace elements such as lead, cadmium, zinc, chromium and arsenic in agricultural soils whose cultivation is nearby barley. From the industrial discharge of the technical discharge center (CET) of the municipality of Oued El Djemaa is located in the Wilaya de Rélizane-Algeria and close to solid domestic waste from industrial discharges. To meet this main objective, several analyzes were carried out, based on the first place on the chemical extraction of heavy metals by treating water. This extraction has highlighted a fairly strong accumulation of cadmium, arsenic and zinc in the soil. If the total levels of heavy metal by lawy water allow for a first state of fixtures, it is more specified according to the method of Tessier which has allowed an estimate of the future of pollutants and a risk approach. The sequential extraction on the ground showed a significant source of pollution by cadmium which is mainly related to the carbonates that makes it mobile and which constitutes a potential threat to the environment. On the other hand, arsenic and zinc are mainly related to the residual phase and the reducible phase respectively so they are little mobile in the soil and do not show threat. This research work has made it possible to access fine knowledge of the fate of metal pollutants (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr and As) in agricultural soil. He also highlighted shadow points requiring multidisciplinary research.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41322358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-27DOI: 10.46300/91011.2022.16.31
Fatih Karatepe, Büşra Taş, O. Coskun, M. Kahriman
Recently, image processing has proven itself as a fast and reliable technique in research in medicine and biology. Bacterial colony separation is an important and time-consuming process in studies in the field of microbiology. Bacteria counting is usually carried out by the naked eye or even by Coulter counter machines, which are based on the rather expensive electric field measurement method. In this study, image-based enumeration of Escherichia Coli over the colony morphology in the petri dish was investigated. In the experimental study, 4 different bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family were planted on petri dishes containing Eosin-methylene blue agar (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). Escherichia Coli colony characteristics were determined by digitizing planted bacterial petri images. For the study, counting was done with the interface developed in MATLAB R2013a. After the classification criteria were determined, the method was tested on new petri dishes and successful results were obtained.
{"title":"Detection of Escherichia Coli Bacteria by Using Image Processing Techniques","authors":"Fatih Karatepe, Büşra Taş, O. Coskun, M. Kahriman","doi":"10.46300/91011.2022.16.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2022.16.31","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, image processing has proven itself as a fast and reliable technique in research in medicine and biology. Bacterial colony separation is an important and time-consuming process in studies in the field of microbiology. Bacteria counting is usually carried out by the naked eye or even by Coulter counter machines, which are based on the rather expensive electric field measurement method. In this study, image-based enumeration of Escherichia Coli over the colony morphology in the petri dish was investigated. In the experimental study, 4 different bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family were planted on petri dishes containing Eosin-methylene blue agar (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). Escherichia Coli colony characteristics were determined by digitizing planted bacterial petri images. For the study, counting was done with the interface developed in MATLAB R2013a. After the classification criteria were determined, the method was tested on new petri dishes and successful results were obtained.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46633502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-27DOI: 10.46300/91011.2022.16.30
A. Aggarwal
Biological Tomato leaf classification is very important to decide the pesticide, insecticide, and other treatments needed for the plant to yield good crop. The images captured by handheld cameras or using drones are used by various machine learning algorithms to identify the diseases. Such methods need extraction of features from the images before the machine learning methods can be used for disease identification. In this paper, a deep learning framework is proposed that automatically extracts features in a hierarchical manner. The features are classified using neural networks to classify the leaves into three classes, viz. no disease, bacterial spot, and Septoria leaf spot. The performance of the model is tested using accuracy as the performance metric. The obtained performance metric validates the performance of the method. The method is useful for taking corrective measures to disease management of tomato plants.
{"title":"Biological Tomato Leaf Disease Classification using Deep Learning Framework","authors":"A. Aggarwal","doi":"10.46300/91011.2022.16.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2022.16.30","url":null,"abstract":"Biological Tomato leaf classification is very important to decide the pesticide, insecticide, and other treatments needed for the plant to yield good crop. The images captured by handheld cameras or using drones are used by various machine learning algorithms to identify the diseases. Such methods need extraction of features from the images before the machine learning methods can be used for disease identification. In this paper, a deep learning framework is proposed that automatically extracts features in a hierarchical manner. The features are classified using neural networks to classify the leaves into three classes, viz. no disease, bacterial spot, and Septoria leaf spot. The performance of the model is tested using accuracy as the performance metric. The obtained performance metric validates the performance of the method. The method is useful for taking corrective measures to disease management of tomato plants.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45949207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-28DOI: 10.46300/91011.2022.16.27
Mukesh Madanan, B. Sayed
The usage of Artificial intelligence in medical arena has proved to be a game changer in the detection and diagnosis of several medical conditions. In the current digital era, children with stressful medical issues are suffering from Deep Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (DOCD). This kind of mental stress occurs in children because of the continuous usage of gadgets such as mobile phone, playing games using play stations, watching videos on tablets, etc. In most of the possibilities, single children are the ones affected with several obsessions such as stubborn activities, fighting for selfish priorities and so on. In medical terms, these kinds of complex behavioral changes are identified as DOCD. Genetic behaviors sometimes in a few group of children are also noticed as a modality difference. As symptoms are psychiatric impairment, such a child remains isolated, abnormal silence, being obsessive and repeating irrelevant words, high stress or anxiety. All medical challenges could be treated as healthcare research metrics and the gradual increase in DOCD disorder among children of this generation can be considered too. Early detection of DOCD is essential as it can help in early diagnosis but techniques to do so is unavailable currently. Deep learning-an artificial intelligence method can be utilized to detect DOCD, diagnose and treat it and bring about a positive character in children. Behavior changes in children can be classified and detected using transfer learning algorithms. In COVID-19 pandemic situation, 3% of DOCD has increased to 10-15% as a disorder. This information is retrieved from children by monitoring negative activities, unusual behavior such as nail biting, removing spectacles and placing them in the wrong place, watching tablets, mobile phones and television for more hours. Using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), input such as MRI (Magnetic resonance Imaging) is used for experimenting the variations in behavior with the high dimension that are analyzed from the image dataset. Using Transfer Learning with Inception V3-, CNN generalization of misophonia level can be statistically analyzed to avoid overfitting problems. By employing AI techniques, the aggression level can be predicted using data augmentation method with better accuracy and a low error rate than the existing systems. In the research it is observed that using the model employing Inception-V3 transfer learning CNN a better prediction of aggression levels can be achieved in comparison to the existing CNN model used.
{"title":"Designing a Deep Learning Hybrid Using CNN and Inception V3 Transfer Learning to Detect the Aggression Level of Deep Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in Children","authors":"Mukesh Madanan, B. Sayed","doi":"10.46300/91011.2022.16.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2022.16.27","url":null,"abstract":"The usage of Artificial intelligence in medical arena has proved to be a game changer in the detection and diagnosis of several medical conditions. In the current digital era, children with stressful medical issues are suffering from Deep Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (DOCD). This kind of mental stress occurs in children because of the continuous usage of gadgets such as mobile phone, playing games using play stations, watching videos on tablets, etc. In most of the possibilities, single children are the ones affected with several obsessions such as stubborn activities, fighting for selfish priorities and so on. In medical terms, these kinds of complex behavioral changes are identified as DOCD. Genetic behaviors sometimes in a few group of children are also noticed as a modality difference. As symptoms are psychiatric impairment, such a child remains isolated, abnormal silence, being obsessive and repeating irrelevant words, high stress or anxiety. All medical challenges could be treated as healthcare research metrics and the gradual increase in DOCD disorder among children of this generation can be considered too. Early detection of DOCD is essential as it can help in early diagnosis but techniques to do so is unavailable currently. Deep learning-an artificial intelligence method can be utilized to detect DOCD, diagnose and treat it and bring about a positive character in children. Behavior changes in children can be classified and detected using transfer learning algorithms. In COVID-19 pandemic situation, 3% of DOCD has increased to 10-15% as a disorder. This information is retrieved from children by monitoring negative activities, unusual behavior such as nail biting, removing spectacles and placing them in the wrong place, watching tablets, mobile phones and television for more hours. Using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), input such as MRI (Magnetic resonance Imaging) is used for experimenting the variations in behavior with the high dimension that are analyzed from the image dataset. Using Transfer Learning with Inception V3-, CNN generalization of misophonia level can be statistically analyzed to avoid overfitting problems. By employing AI techniques, the aggression level can be predicted using data augmentation method with better accuracy and a low error rate than the existing systems. In the research it is observed that using the model employing Inception-V3 transfer learning CNN a better prediction of aggression levels can be achieved in comparison to the existing CNN model used.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44785291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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