E. K. Eifediyi, O. Komolafe, H. Ahamefule, A. Falola
Abstract A field trial was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the University of Ilorin during the 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons to assess the effect of tillage methods and poultry manure application on the growth and yield of sesame. The experiment was laid out as a split plot arrangement, fitted into a randomized complete block replicated thrice. The factors consisted of three tillage methods and four levels of poultry manure application (0, 5, 10, and 15 tha−1). The result revealed that tillage and poultry manure significantly (P<0.05) increased the growth and yield of sesame. Increasing the rate of poultry manure resulted in an increase in the net assimilation rate, relative growth rate, and crop growth rate. The yield in 2016 was higher than that of 2015 due to higher rainfall and residual effect of the previous cropping season. Yield per hectare was optimized using conventional tillage method and poultry manure at 15 tha−1. Although the conventional tillage and poultry manure treatments produced the highest yield, the control plot gave the highest cost and returns (return per investment) in the two years of study due to high cost of farm inputs. The result of the study further affirms farmer’s reluctance on the use of external inputs for yield enhancement in sesame.
{"title":"Effect of Tillage and Poultry Manure Rates on Physiological Growth and Yield of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)","authors":"E. K. Eifediyi, O. Komolafe, H. Ahamefule, A. Falola","doi":"10.2478/sab-2018-0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sab-2018-0032","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A field trial was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the University of Ilorin during the 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons to assess the effect of tillage methods and poultry manure application on the growth and yield of sesame. The experiment was laid out as a split plot arrangement, fitted into a randomized complete block replicated thrice. The factors consisted of three tillage methods and four levels of poultry manure application (0, 5, 10, and 15 tha−1). The result revealed that tillage and poultry manure significantly (P<0.05) increased the growth and yield of sesame. Increasing the rate of poultry manure resulted in an increase in the net assimilation rate, relative growth rate, and crop growth rate. The yield in 2016 was higher than that of 2015 due to higher rainfall and residual effect of the previous cropping season. Yield per hectare was optimized using conventional tillage method and poultry manure at 15 tha−1. Although the conventional tillage and poultry manure treatments produced the highest yield, the control plot gave the highest cost and returns (return per investment) in the two years of study due to high cost of farm inputs. The result of the study further affirms farmer’s reluctance on the use of external inputs for yield enhancement in sesame.","PeriodicalId":53537,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica","volume":"49 1","pages":"255 - 266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45439234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Valšíková, J. Mlček, L. Snopek, Marián Rehuš, S. Škrovánková, T. Juríková, D. Sumczynski, O. Paulen
Abstract The influence of varieties and the effect of mulching film on antioxidant capacity, polyphenol content, ascorbic acid content, and yield of tomato fruits were investigated. Results of two years (2012 and 2013) investigations were compared. The results proved a statistically significant effect of year, mulching film, and variety on the content of total polyphenols (0.92–1.49 g gallic acid equivalents per kg of fresh weight (FW), ascorbic acid (26.66–38.62 mg per 100 g FW), and antioxidant capacity (1.12–1.94 g ascorbic acid equivalents per kg FW), while the values were the highest in 2013 and in uncovered soil. Conversely, a higher yield was found in mulching film compared with uncovered soil, also in 2013 (48.65–120.38 t ha−1). There was a negative correlation between the yield and the content of bioactive compounds (BC) and antioxidant capacity. The content of bioactive substances, antioxidant capacity, and yield of tomato fruits is dependent on the vintage, agronomical interventions, and genotype.
摘要研究了不同品种和地膜覆盖对番茄抗氧化能力、多酚含量、抗坏血酸含量和产量的影响。比较了两年（2012年和2013年）的调查结果。结果证明，年份、地膜和品种对总多酚含量（0.92–1.49 g没食子酸当量/kg鲜重（FW）、抗坏血酸（26.66–38.62 mg/100 g FW）和抗氧化能力（1.12–1.94 g抗坏血酸当量/kg FW）的影响具有统计学意义，而这一值在2013年和未覆盖土壤中最高。相反，与未覆盖的土壤相比，地膜的产量更高，同样在2013年（48.65–120.38 t ha−1）。产量与生物活性化合物（BC）含量和抗氧化能力呈负相关。番茄果实的生物活性物质含量、抗氧化能力和产量取决于年份、农艺干预和基因型。
{"title":"Monitoring of Bioactive Compounds of Tomato Cultivars as Affected by Mulching Film","authors":"M. Valšíková, J. Mlček, L. Snopek, Marián Rehuš, S. Škrovánková, T. Juríková, D. Sumczynski, O. Paulen","doi":"10.2478/sab-2018-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sab-2018-0033","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The influence of varieties and the effect of mulching film on antioxidant capacity, polyphenol content, ascorbic acid content, and yield of tomato fruits were investigated. Results of two years (2012 and 2013) investigations were compared. The results proved a statistically significant effect of year, mulching film, and variety on the content of total polyphenols (0.92–1.49 g gallic acid equivalents per kg of fresh weight (FW), ascorbic acid (26.66–38.62 mg per 100 g FW), and antioxidant capacity (1.12–1.94 g ascorbic acid equivalents per kg FW), while the values were the highest in 2013 and in uncovered soil. Conversely, a higher yield was found in mulching film compared with uncovered soil, also in 2013 (48.65–120.38 t ha−1). There was a negative correlation between the yield and the content of bioactive compounds (BC) and antioxidant capacity. The content of bioactive substances, antioxidant capacity, and yield of tomato fruits is dependent on the vintage, agronomical interventions, and genotype.","PeriodicalId":53537,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica","volume":"49 1","pages":"267 - 273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44201979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Chromium (Cr) is a very important element examined for last decades on many expert fields. Its toxicity, mobility and bio-availability are strongly dependent on its oxidation state, Cr(III) and Cr(VI). Hexavalent form Cr(VI) is a known carcinogen with many harmful effects on living organisms, on the other hand trivalent Cr(III) form is an important micronutrient necessary for lipid metabolism. Contamination of the environment by Cr may come from anthropogenic industrial pollution or from naturally enriched sites, especially ultramafic rocks and their derived soils. Environmental conditions of soils and water represent a very complex system, which makes reliable assessment of its fate and potential toxicity and transport a really difficult task. A number of studies have been performed to describe Cr behaviour in these systems, as well as to optimize its determination, especially speciation methods. The main objective of this contribution is to summarize and present the today’s knowledge about the occurrence, speciation, and behaviour of Cr in soil environment, with a specific emphasis to description of differences between naturally enriched and anthropogenically contaminated soils.
{"title":"Chromium in Anthropogenically Polluted and Naturally Enriched Soils: A Review","authors":"J. Jeřábková, V. Tejnecký, L. Borůvka, O. Drábek","doi":"10.2478/sab-2018-0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sab-2018-0037","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Chromium (Cr) is a very important element examined for last decades on many expert fields. Its toxicity, mobility and bio-availability are strongly dependent on its oxidation state, Cr(III) and Cr(VI). Hexavalent form Cr(VI) is a known carcinogen with many harmful effects on living organisms, on the other hand trivalent Cr(III) form is an important micronutrient necessary for lipid metabolism. Contamination of the environment by Cr may come from anthropogenic industrial pollution or from naturally enriched sites, especially ultramafic rocks and their derived soils. Environmental conditions of soils and water represent a very complex system, which makes reliable assessment of its fate and potential toxicity and transport a really difficult task. A number of studies have been performed to describe Cr behaviour in these systems, as well as to optimize its determination, especially speciation methods. The main objective of this contribution is to summarize and present the today’s knowledge about the occurrence, speciation, and behaviour of Cr in soil environment, with a specific emphasis to description of differences between naturally enriched and anthropogenically contaminated soils.","PeriodicalId":53537,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica","volume":"49 1","pages":"297 - 312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45248623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Heidari, I. Salmanpour, H. Ghorbani, H. Asghari
Abstract In order to investigate the effect of iron chelate and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on maize, an experiment was conducted as completely randomized block factorial design with three replicates. The first factor included of bacterial strain: S1= Control (without use of bacteria), S2=Azotobacter chroococcum and S3= Azospirillum brasilens and the second factor included of iron chelate: F1= Control, F2= soil application of Fe chelate, F3= foliar application of Fe chelate, F4= soil application of nano Fe chelate and F5= foliar application of nano Fe chelate. The results showed that the highest grain yield and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) enzymes activity were obtained at the S3F5 treatment and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) at S1F5 treatment. Except the content of phosphorus in leaves and carotenoid, PGPR had significant effect on biological yield, the content of chlorophyll ‘a’ and ‘b’, yield components (number of seed per row of the ear, number of rows per ear and thousand seed weight) and nutrient elements in both the seeds and leaves. However, iron chelate, increased the yield components, but among the iron chelate treatments, the highest amount of chlorophyll ‘a’ and ‘b’ in leaves and phosphorus in seeds were obtained at F5. These results suggested that foliar application of nano Fe chelate and Azospirillum brasilens could be improvement of maize plant productivity.
{"title":"Iron Chelate and Rhizobactria Changed Growth, Grain Yield, and Physiological Characteristics in Maize","authors":"M. Heidari, I. Salmanpour, H. Ghorbani, H. Asghari","doi":"10.2478/sab-2018-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sab-2018-0031","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In order to investigate the effect of iron chelate and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on maize, an experiment was conducted as completely randomized block factorial design with three replicates. The first factor included of bacterial strain: S1= Control (without use of bacteria), S2=Azotobacter chroococcum and S3= Azospirillum brasilens and the second factor included of iron chelate: F1= Control, F2= soil application of Fe chelate, F3= foliar application of Fe chelate, F4= soil application of nano Fe chelate and F5= foliar application of nano Fe chelate. The results showed that the highest grain yield and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) enzymes activity were obtained at the S3F5 treatment and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) at S1F5 treatment. Except the content of phosphorus in leaves and carotenoid, PGPR had significant effect on biological yield, the content of chlorophyll ‘a’ and ‘b’, yield components (number of seed per row of the ear, number of rows per ear and thousand seed weight) and nutrient elements in both the seeds and leaves. However, iron chelate, increased the yield components, but among the iron chelate treatments, the highest amount of chlorophyll ‘a’ and ‘b’ in leaves and phosphorus in seeds were obtained at F5. These results suggested that foliar application of nano Fe chelate and Azospirillum brasilens could be improvement of maize plant productivity.","PeriodicalId":53537,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica","volume":"49 1","pages":"245 - 254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47131857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Malau, P. Lumbanraja, S. Pandiangan, J. Tarigan, Ferisman Tindaon
Abstract The performance of Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) depends on the climate, soil, pests, and elevation. Information on the performance of Arabica coffee growing in the changing climate of North Sumatra has not been available so far. To provide such information, 28 genotypes were studied. The nested design used three factors. Seven climate zones, two locations in each climate zone, and two coffee farms (genotype, G) in each location were selected. The research showed that the genotypes were highly significantly different (α = 0.01). G5, G6, and G20 produced the heaviest hundred beans. G13, G19, and G25 suffered the least coffee berry borer infestation (CBBI). The length of rainy season became the most important factor (r2 = 0.54). The CBBI (y, %) correlated significantly and negatively with the elevation (x, m) with the equation of y = 46.4 – 0.025x. The climate zones showed a significant difference (α = 0.05). The genotypes produced heavy beans also in two wet months of the rainy season and one dry month. The temperature (x, °C) was the most important factor affecting CBBI (r2 = 0.65) with the equation of y = –338.2 + 15.5x. The soil pH correlated significantly and positively with beans weight and bean width.
{"title":"Performance of Coffea arabica L. In Changing Climate of North Sumatra of Indonesia","authors":"S. Malau, P. Lumbanraja, S. Pandiangan, J. Tarigan, Ferisman Tindaon","doi":"10.2478/sab-2018-0041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sab-2018-0041","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The performance of Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) depends on the climate, soil, pests, and elevation. Information on the performance of Arabica coffee growing in the changing climate of North Sumatra has not been available so far. To provide such information, 28 genotypes were studied. The nested design used three factors. Seven climate zones, two locations in each climate zone, and two coffee farms (genotype, G) in each location were selected. The research showed that the genotypes were highly significantly different (α = 0.01). G5, G6, and G20 produced the heaviest hundred beans. G13, G19, and G25 suffered the least coffee berry borer infestation (CBBI). The length of rainy season became the most important factor (r2 = 0.54). The CBBI (y, %) correlated significantly and negatively with the elevation (x, m) with the equation of y = 46.4 – 0.025x. The climate zones showed a significant difference (α = 0.05). The genotypes produced heavy beans also in two wet months of the rainy season and one dry month. The temperature (x, °C) was the most important factor affecting CBBI (r2 = 0.65) with the equation of y = –338.2 + 15.5x. The soil pH correlated significantly and positively with beans weight and bean width.","PeriodicalId":53537,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica","volume":"49 1","pages":"340 - 349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41510194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The possibility to remove nutrients from two eutrophic fishponds in the Czech Republic through harvesting the dominant submerged species, Ceratophyllum demersum and Stuckenia pectinata, was evaluated. Both plants were sampled in three locations within the fishpond in two-week intervals from late June to late September 2016. In the biomass of both plants nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were measured and, subsequently, standing stocks of both elements were calculated. The results revealed that the maximum biomass occurred at different times, in June for S. pectinata and in July for C. demersum. The maximum standing stocks were 3.61 and 7.44 g N m−2 and 0.13 and 0.53 g P m−2, respectively.. These values are within the range reported in the literature for the studied species, but they are about one order of magnitude lower when compared to tall emergent species. The total amount of removable nutrients in the monitored fishponds varied between 448 and 842 kg N and between 30.5 and 31.9 kg P.
摘要对捷克共和国两个富营养化鱼塘通过捕捞优势沉水鱼种——demersum角藻(Ceratophyllum demersum)和pectinata灰链菌(Stuckenia pectinata)去除营养物的可能性进行了评估。从2016年6月下旬至9月下旬，每隔两周在鱼塘内的三个地点对这两种植物进行采样。测量了两种植物生物量中氮和磷的浓度，随后计算了这两种元素的蓄积量。结果表明，竹叶草生物量最大值出现在不同时期，竹叶草生物量最大值出现在6月，竹叶草生物量最大值出现在7月。最大蓄积量分别为3.61和7.44 g N m−2和0.13和0.53 g P m−2。这些值在研究物种的文献报道的范围内，但与高大的新兴物种相比，它们大约低了一个数量级。受监测的鱼塘中可移动营养物质的总量在448 ~ 842 kg N和30.5 ~ 31.9 kg P之间变化。
{"title":"Potential of Submerged Vegetation to Remove Nutrients from Eutrophic Fishponds","authors":"A. Petru, J. Vymazal","doi":"10.2478/sab-2018-0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sab-2018-0038","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The possibility to remove nutrients from two eutrophic fishponds in the Czech Republic through harvesting the dominant submerged species, Ceratophyllum demersum and Stuckenia pectinata, was evaluated. Both plants were sampled in three locations within the fishpond in two-week intervals from late June to late September 2016. In the biomass of both plants nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were measured and, subsequently, standing stocks of both elements were calculated. The results revealed that the maximum biomass occurred at different times, in June for S. pectinata and in July for C. demersum. The maximum standing stocks were 3.61 and 7.44 g N m−2 and 0.13 and 0.53 g P m−2, respectively.. These values are within the range reported in the literature for the studied species, but they are about one order of magnitude lower when compared to tall emergent species. The total amount of removable nutrients in the monitored fishponds varied between 448 and 842 kg N and between 30.5 and 31.9 kg P.","PeriodicalId":53537,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica","volume":"49 1","pages":"313 - 324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47120251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The objective of our study was to determine the effect of 5% of CO2 atmosphere and time of sample dilution on results of in vitro analysis of stallion semen. Frozen-thawed semen from 14 stallions was incubated either in incubator or in a water bath, diluted prior to analysis or immediatelly after thawing. The following qualitative parameters were assessed after thawing (T0) and after 30 min (T30): motility in 3 sperm subpopulations (slow, medium, fast) defined by cluster analysis of parameters obtained by Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis, viability, acrosome and mitochondrial integrity. The slow subpopulation was only significantly reduced in diluted samples in CO2 atmosphere at T0 (P < 0.05). In diluted samples the incubation time significantly affected distribution of fast, slow, and medium subpopulations in CO2 and CO2 free atmosphere (P < 0.05), respectively. Viability, acrosome and mitochondrial integrity were not affected by CO2 atmosphere (P > 0.05), however acrosome (at T0) and mitochondrial integrity (at T30) were significantly higher in CO2 atmosphere in non-diluted and diluted samples (P < 0.05), respectively. The results of the in vitro analysis of stallion semen were rather similar regardless of the atmosphere or dilution time.
{"title":"Effects of Various Incubation Conditions on Functional Parameters of Stallion Spermatozoa","authors":"O. Šimoník, J. Šichtař","doi":"10.2478/sab-2018-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sab-2018-0026","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of our study was to determine the effect of 5% of CO2 atmosphere and time of sample dilution on results of in vitro analysis of stallion semen. Frozen-thawed semen from 14 stallions was incubated either in incubator or in a water bath, diluted prior to analysis or immediatelly after thawing. The following qualitative parameters were assessed after thawing (T0) and after 30 min (T30): motility in 3 sperm subpopulations (slow, medium, fast) defined by cluster analysis of parameters obtained by Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis, viability, acrosome and mitochondrial integrity. The slow subpopulation was only significantly reduced in diluted samples in CO2 atmosphere at T0 (P < 0.05). In diluted samples the incubation time significantly affected distribution of fast, slow, and medium subpopulations in CO2 and CO2 free atmosphere (P < 0.05), respectively. Viability, acrosome and mitochondrial integrity were not affected by CO2 atmosphere (P > 0.05), however acrosome (at T0) and mitochondrial integrity (at T30) were significantly higher in CO2 atmosphere in non-diluted and diluted samples (P < 0.05), respectively. The results of the in vitro analysis of stallion semen were rather similar regardless of the atmosphere or dilution time.","PeriodicalId":53537,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica","volume":"49 1","pages":"201 - 208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45595432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The aim of this paper is to assess the predominant management knowledge of miombo forests in Angola. It interlinks with decision support methods to assess future management plans for miombo forest where the community’s interests evolve (wild fruits, animals, firewood, charcoal, and timber). The management of miombo forests is a complex subject due to multiple outcomes particularly because of their uniqueness, while charcoal and firewood are the major products. The application of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to data collected in Bié province showed that timber is not a priority for people that live around miombo area, whereas charcoal appears to be a priority to 68% of the community. We conclude that applying the AHP to the data collected in Bié province was a clear indication that future researches on local communities priorities will be conducted when it comes to take decisions for the entire forest community.
{"title":"Does Management Matter? Assessment on Miombo Forests in Angola","authors":"V. Chiteculo, P. Surový, D. Panagiotidis","doi":"10.2478/sab-2018-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sab-2018-0028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this paper is to assess the predominant management knowledge of miombo forests in Angola. It interlinks with decision support methods to assess future management plans for miombo forest where the community’s interests evolve (wild fruits, animals, firewood, charcoal, and timber). The management of miombo forests is a complex subject due to multiple outcomes particularly because of their uniqueness, while charcoal and firewood are the major products. The application of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to data collected in Bié province showed that timber is not a priority for people that live around miombo area, whereas charcoal appears to be a priority to 68% of the community. We conclude that applying the AHP to the data collected in Bié province was a clear indication that future researches on local communities priorities will be conducted when it comes to take decisions for the entire forest community.","PeriodicalId":53537,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica","volume":"49 1","pages":"216 - 224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41651006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In the second half of the 20th century, change of land use in the name of intensive agriculture was one of the most important factors caused significant loss of butterfly diversity in Europe. Phengaris nausithous and Phengaris teleius belong among the flagship species associated with wet meadows and are directly threatened by the intensive agriculture practises or management abandonment. Due to their very specific lifecycle, they are closely linked to their habitats and appropriate mowing management on their patches is thus crucial for their survival. Our research took place in Dolní Labe, Děčín, Czech Republic, on 16 patches and has been performed using Mark-Release-Recapture since 2009. This paper will illustrate how intensive mowing management, applied on only one of the patches, which forms only 9.4% of total locality size, can influence the entire local Phengaris metapopulation. The selected patch was intentionally mowed in the middle of flight season annually for four years. Even though, no significant effect was identified after the first year of study, after the second and third seasons, there was evidence of population decline of both studied species.
{"title":"Intensive Mowing Effect of One Patch on the Metapopulations of Two Phengaris Species","authors":"T. Bubová, M. Kulma, D. Koleška, V. Vrabec","doi":"10.2478/sab-2018-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sab-2018-0027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the second half of the 20th century, change of land use in the name of intensive agriculture was one of the most important factors caused significant loss of butterfly diversity in Europe. Phengaris nausithous and Phengaris teleius belong among the flagship species associated with wet meadows and are directly threatened by the intensive agriculture practises or management abandonment. Due to their very specific lifecycle, they are closely linked to their habitats and appropriate mowing management on their patches is thus crucial for their survival. Our research took place in Dolní Labe, Děčín, Czech Republic, on 16 patches and has been performed using Mark-Release-Recapture since 2009. This paper will illustrate how intensive mowing management, applied on only one of the patches, which forms only 9.4% of total locality size, can influence the entire local Phengaris metapopulation. The selected patch was intentionally mowed in the middle of flight season annually for four years. Even though, no significant effect was identified after the first year of study, after the second and third seasons, there was evidence of population decline of both studied species.","PeriodicalId":53537,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica","volume":"49 1","pages":"209 - 215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48717548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Yasar, Emanuele Boselli, F. Rossetti, M. S. Gok
Abstract The sensory properties of poultry meat obtained from meat-type broiler chickens fed with fermented cereals and two different fermented supplements, and Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) fed diets including fermented cereals (wheat, barley or oats), three probiotics (from E. faecium, B. subtilis, S. cerevisiae) and two different phytase preparations were evaluated. Fermented grains (particularly wheat and barley) decreased the sensory quality of meat. The use of three probiotic products and phytase did not negatively influence the sensory quality of the quail meats. The diets containing S. cerevisiae (probiotic) produced a highly appreciated meat. The less preferred meat samples were obtained from the quails fed diets containing fermented wheat, fermented barley, and E. faecium, due to the off-flavour and odour as well as tanginess. The supplementation of naturally or yeast-fermented liquid whey and lemon pomace was very effective to overcome the bad sensory quality (fish and metallic off-flavour and taste) of the broiler meat obtained by administering the control diet (rich in vegetable oil and fermented wheat).
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