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“The great chain of being sure about things”: blockchain, truth, and a trustless network “确定事物的大链”:区块链、真相和一个不可信的网络
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/15358593.2022.2112270
E. Hartelius
ABSTRACT Often associated with the volatile cryptocurrency Bitcoin, a blockchain is a distributed ledger, an additive record of digitally networked transactions. On the assumption that technologies are cultural practices as much as they are instrumental, this essay contributes to the special issue on big data in communication by examining texts that constitute blockchain in a shared political imaginary and, in so doing, participate in blockchain's future. The essay analyzes how materials produced by IBM orient blockchain within contemporary ideals such as transparent access, immutability, and a single source of truth. Drawing on Sean Phelan's study of neoliberal politics and global media, including the naturalization of ideological values, the essay proposes that public discourses about blockchain evidence fundamental human desires to access truth and establish an infrastructure immune to corruption. The study finds that blockchain's decentralized infrastructure comports with a historical moment in which sociality itself is under intense pressure, and wherein the idea and practice of interconnected yet distrustful nodes make sense in the absence of functional governance. The essay concludes that in the routinized social practices of the blockchain's executive protocols, political potential is undercut by the absence of prospective and fundamental change.
区块链通常与不稳定的加密货币比特币联系在一起,它是一种分布式账本,是数字网络交易的附加记录。假设技术既是一种文化实践,也是一种工具,本文通过研究在共同的政治想象中构成区块链的文本,并以此参与区块链的未来,为交流中的大数据专题做出了贡献。本文分析了IBM生产的材料如何在当代理想中定位区块链,如透明访问,不变性和单一的真相来源。借鉴肖恩·费兰(Sean Phelan)对新自由主义政治和全球媒体的研究,包括意识形态价值观的归化,本文提出,关于区块链的公共话语证明了人类获取真相和建立免于腐败的基础设施的基本愿望。研究发现,区块链的去中心化基础设施符合社会本身面临巨大压力的历史时刻,在缺乏功能性治理的情况下,相互连接但不信任节点的想法和实践是有意义的。本文的结论是,在bb0执行协议的常规社会实践中,由于缺乏前瞻性和根本性的变革,政治潜力被削弱了。
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引用次数: 4
Communication studies research and big data: always already queer 传播学研究和大数据:总是很奇怪
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/15358593.2022.2110847
D. Scott, Joshua Casmir Catalano, Christa A. Smith
ABSTRACT “Big data” is neither unified nor stable, but instead offers opportunities for further exploration of queer methods. Communication studies scholars are particularly well suited to engage in this developing area. The potentials are illustrated in this article's description of an in-progress collaborative research project using artificial intelligence to examine public engagement with campus monuments and memorials at a large southeastern university. This discussion of an in-progress big-data research project, a collaboration between scholars of communication, public history/digital humanities, and geography, exemplifies the alignment of communication studies and emerging discussions in queer methods to a degree that we argue communication studies already is and has long been a queer project.
摘要“大数据”既不统一也不稳定,反而为进一步探索奇怪的方法提供了机会。传播学学者特别适合从事这一发展中的领域。这篇文章描述了一个正在进行的合作研究项目,该项目使用人工智能来检查公众对东南部一所大型大学校园纪念碑和纪念馆的参与情况。这场关于正在进行的大数据研究项目的讨论,是传播学、公共历史/数字人文学科和地理学学者之间的合作,体现了传播研究与酷儿方法新兴讨论的一致性,我们认为传播研究已经是而且长期以来都是一个酷儿项目。
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引用次数: 1
Critical computation: mixed-methods approaches to big language data analysis 关键计算:大语言数据分析的混合方法
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/15358593.2022.2125821
Josephine Lukito, Meredith L. Pruden
ABSTRACT In this theoretical piece, we discuss the limitations of using purely computational techniques to study big language data produced by people online. Instead, we advocate for mixed-method approaches that are able to more critically evaluate and consider the individual and social impact of this data. We propose one approach that combines qualitative, traditional quantitative, and computational methods for the study of language and text. Such approaches leverage the speed and expediency of computational tools while also highlighting the value of qualitative methods in critically assessing the outcome of computational results. In addition to this, we highlight two considerations for communication scholars utilizing big data: (1) the need to consider more language variations and (2) the importance of self-reflexivity when conducting big language data research. We conclude with additional recommendations for researchers seeking to adopt this framework in the context of their own research.
摘要在这篇理论文章中,我们讨论了使用纯计算技术来研究人们在线生成的大语言数据的局限性。相反,我们主张采用混合方法,能够更批判性地评估和考虑这些数据的个人和社会影响。我们提出了一种结合定性、传统定量和计算方法来研究语言和文本的方法。这种方法利用了计算工具的速度和方便性,同时也突出了定性方法在批判性评估计算结果方面的价值。除此之外,我们还强调了传播学者利用大数据的两个考虑因素:(1)需要考虑更多的语言变体;(2)在进行大语言数据研究时,自我反思的重要性。最后,我们向寻求在自己的研究中采用这一框架的研究人员提出了额外的建议。
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引用次数: 3
Introduction to themed issue on big data in communication 传播大数据专题导论
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/15358593.2023.2187270
S. Croucher
When I was selected to be the editor for the Review of Communication, the first themed issue I had in mind was one that addressed big data in communication. I had three main reasons for focusing on big data in communication. First, over the past 20 years, there have been numerous high-quality big data studies in communication. Many of these studies have predominantly fallen within the realms of mass communication, political communication, information and communication, and digital communication. However, increasingly, studies have started to employ big data within health communication, interpersonal communication, and other “communication” disciplines. Second, my interest in this topic stemmed from the same interest shared by Parks (2014), who in his special issue on big data in communication wanted to provide a benchmark for research innovation. In his special issue afterword, Parks discussed how much of the work being done on big data at the time might not stand the test of time but would guide future work. Thus, I wanted to provide an outlet for researchers to methodologically progress the field of big data in communication. The third reason was more personal in nature. I have been working closely with big data for the past six years. My university has a Master’s of Analytics program, and in my role as Head of School, I have worked closely with academics from the College of Science, and College of Business to mentor master’s students using big data to explore multiple interdisciplinary questions. I have been fortunate enough to even advise a few students on their master’s theses as they published their works. I had become a part of the Big Data Movement from a bureaucratic point of view and then a research point of view. In this themed issue, I wanted to see how communication scholars were employing big data. It is my hope that the articles in this themed issue represent the diversity of communication and big data, progress the field of big data in communication, and pique your own interest in this growing field of inquiry. So, what is big data? Big data refers to large, dynamic, and distinct volumes of data created by people, tools, and machines. In each of the articles within this themed issue, “big data” is conceptualized and operationalized differently. However, what each article has in common is that each article shows the diversity of how the communication
当我被选为《传播评论》的编辑时,我想到的第一个主题是一本关于传播中的大数据的杂志。我之所以关注通信中的大数据,主要有三个原因。首先,在过去的20年里,有许多高质量的通信大数据研究。其中许多研究主要涉及大众传播、政治传播、信息和传播以及数字传播领域。然而,越来越多的研究开始在健康沟通、人际沟通和其他“沟通”学科中使用大数据。其次,我对这个话题的兴趣源于Parks(2014)的共同兴趣,他在关于通信中的大数据的特刊中希望为研究创新提供一个基准。帕克斯在他的特刊后记中讨论了当时在大数据方面所做的工作有多少可能经不起时间的考验,但会指导未来的工作。因此,我想为研究人员提供一个渠道,让他们在通信大数据领域取得方法上的进展。第三个原因更为个人化。在过去的六年里,我一直在与大数据密切合作。我所在的大学有一个分析硕士项目,作为校长,我与理学院和商学院的学者密切合作,指导硕士生使用大数据探索多个跨学科问题。我很幸运,甚至在一些学生发表作品时,为他们的硕士论文提供建议。从官僚的角度和研究的角度来看,我已经成为大数据运动的一部分。在这期主题文章中,我想看看传播学者是如何运用大数据的。我希望本期主题文章能代表通信和大数据的多样性,推动通信中大数据领域的发展,并激发你对这个日益增长的调查领域的兴趣。那么,什么是大数据呢?大数据是指由人、工具和机器创建的大量、动态和不同的数据。在本期主题文章的每一篇文章中,“大数据”都有不同的概念和操作。然而,每篇文章的共同点是,每篇都展示了沟通方式的多样性
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引用次数: 1
Communicating dataism 沟通dataism
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/15358593.2022.2099230
C. Adamczyk
ABSTRACT The ideology of dataism has been highly influential during the first two decades of the 21st century, impacting emergent Big Data analytic technologies’ practical application and how the public receives them. In this article, I draw upon William R. Brown's Rhetoric of Social Intervention to interpret the dataism ideology as a communication process. I argue dataism comprises constituent discourses of attention, power, and need that combine to create, reify, and maintain an understanding of Big Data technologies rooted in technoliberalism and technoutopianism. Interplay between these systems has helped keep intact a generally positive public view of Big Data, naming it a collection of innovative technologies that use large quantities of previously unused data to progress social and economic decision-making. I conclude by suggesting the ecosystem of rhetorical interventions into dataism's discourses helps explain how Big Data has grown more popular despite repeated scandals and argue interpreting dataism as a communication process offers fruitful ground for research and critical intervention.
摘要在21世纪的头二十年里,数据主义的意识形态产生了巨大的影响,影响了新兴的大数据分析技术的实际应用以及公众对它们的接受方式。在这篇文章中,我借鉴了威廉·R·布朗的《社会干预修辞学》,将数据主义意识形态解释为一个沟通过程。我认为,数据主义包括注意力、权力和需求的组成话语,它们结合在一起,创造、具体化和保持对植根于技术自由主义和技术乌托邦主义的大数据技术的理解。这些系统之间的互动有助于保持公众对大数据的普遍积极看法,将其命名为一组创新技术,利用大量以前未使用的数据来推进社会和经济决策。最后,我建议,数据主义话语中的修辞干预生态系统有助于解释大数据是如何在丑闻不断的情况下变得越来越受欢迎的,并认为将数据主义解释为一种沟通过程为研究和批判性干预提供了丰富的基础。
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引用次数: 2
From corpus creation to formative discovery: the power of big-data-rhetoric teams and methods 从语料库创建到形式发现:大数据修辞团队和方法的力量
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/15358593.2022.2119094
Sarah E. Ryan, Lingzi Hong, Mohotarema Rashid
ABSTRACT Rhetoric has been slow to adopt big-data techniques, but that is changing. In this article, we describe the formative work of our rhetoric-data science team on an ideographic analysis of state veteran laws. Our interdisciplinary approach enabled us to build a corpus of more than 7,000 files, segment that corpus into likely public and private laws, and develop dictionaries for discerning individual entitlements, such as waived fees for gun permits. Early results show state-level trends in the number of veteran laws, proportion of veteran laws concerning disabled veterans, and proportion of veteran/disability laws affording individual entitlements. While this article presents early findings, its broader purpose is to contribute to discussions of corpus building, data cleaning, formative analysis, and the value of big-data-rhetoric collaborations. Our experience provides five insights: (1) big-data collection methods can save a public rhetoric project when customary retrieval methods fail; (2) big-data-rhetoric work starts conceptually and becomes concretized; (3) formative big-data rhetoric work can problematize fundamental research assumptions, such as what should be included in a corpus; (4) big-data methods can produce interesting results early, yielding a roadmap for future work; and (5) big-data-rhetoric teams need more guidance from the field.
修辞学在采用大数据技术方面进展缓慢,但这种情况正在改变。在本文中,我们描述了我们的修辞数据科学团队对国家退伍军人法律的表意分析的形成性工作。我们的跨学科方法使我们能够建立一个超过7,000个文件的语料库,将语料库划分为可能的公法和私法,并开发字典以识别个人权利,例如免除枪支许可证费用。早期结果显示了各州在退伍军人法的数量、退伍军人法中涉及残疾退伍军人的比例以及退伍军人/残疾法律中提供个人权利的比例方面的趋势。虽然本文提供了早期的发现,但其更广泛的目的是促进对语料库构建、数据清理、形成性分析以及大数据修辞合作的价值的讨论。我们的经验提供了五个启示:(1)当传统的检索方法失败时,大数据收集方法可以挽救公共修辞项目;(2)大数据修辞工作从概念出发,逐步具体化;(3)形成性大数据修辞学工作可能会对基础研究假设提出问题,例如语料库中应该包含什么;(4)大数据方法可以在早期产生有趣的结果,为未来的工作提供路线图;(5)大数据修辞团队需要更多来自实地的指导。
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引用次数: 3
Social media information and its association with the adoption of COVID-19 preventive measures in four Latin American countries. 社交媒体信息及其与四个拉丁美洲国家采取COVID-19预防措施的关系
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-25 DOI: 10.1080/15358593.2023.2174382
Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga, Christian Arturo Cruz Melendez, Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan, Brandon Brown, Maha El Tantawi, Nourhan M Aly, Giuliana Florencia Abeldaño, Kessketlen Alves Miranda, Eshrat Ara, Passent Ellakany, Nuraldeen Maher Al-Khanati, Abeedha Tu-Allah Khan, Folake Barakat Lawal, Joanne Lusher, Ntombifuthi P Nzimande, Bamidele Olubukola Popoola, Jorma Virtanen, Nicaise Ndembi, Annie Lu Nguyen

Objective: The study aimed to assess the association between adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures and access to media information related to COVID-19.

Methods: A multi-country, cross-sectional study using an online survey was conducted from June to December 2020. The sample included 1,457 participants from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Mexico. The outcome variable was self-reported adherence to preventive measures (handwashing, social distancing, self-isolation, use of face masks, and working from home). The explanatory variable was self-report of following media information related to COVID-19 (watching or reading the news, following social media coverage). Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the associations.

Results: Following information on social media was positively associated with higher odds of practicing social distancing (AOR=5.39; 95%CI: 3.93-7.30), self-isolation (AOR=1.44; 95%CI: 1.08-1.92), use of face masks (AOR=16.84; 95%CI: 10.03-28.27), handwashing (AOR=6.95; CI 95%: 4.98-9.71), and working from home (AOR=1.85; 95% CI: 1.43-2.41). Differences in the use of social media for COVID-19 information were observed among the four countries.

Conclusion: Following social media was positively associated with adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures in Latin America. Social media may be effectively used for COVID-19 behaviour modification in Latin America.

摘要本研究旨在评估遵守新冠肺炎预防措施与获取与新冠肺炎相关的媒体信息之间的关联。2020年6月至12月,使用在线调查进行了一项多国横断面研究。样本包括来自阿根廷、巴西、智利和墨西哥的1457名参与者。结果变量是自我报告的对预防措施的遵守情况(洗手、保持社交距离、自我隔离、使用口罩和在家工作)。解释变量是关注与新冠肺炎相关的媒体信息的自我报告(观看或阅读新闻,关注社交媒体报道)。进行多变量逻辑回归分析以确定相关性。在社交媒体上关注信息与保持社交距离的几率较高呈正相关[调整后的比值比(AOR) = 5.39;95%置信区间(CI):3.93–7.30],自我隔离(AOR = 1.44;95%置信区间:1.08–1.92),使用口罩(AOR = 16.84;95%置信区间:10.03–28.27),洗手(AOR = 6.95;95%置信区间:4.98–9.71),以及在家工作(AOR = 1.85;95%CI:1.43–2.41)。四个国家在使用社交媒体获取新冠肺炎信息方面存在差异。在拉丁美洲,关注社交媒体与遵守新冠肺炎预防措施正相关。在拉丁美洲,社交媒体可以有效地用于新冠肺炎行为矫正。
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引用次数: 0
Phantasms in the Halls: A Future University is Possible (or) … a performative response to la paperson, Stefano Harney, Fred Moten, and Julietta Singh 《大厅里的幻影:未来大学的可能》(或)是对la paperson、Stefano Harney、Fred Moten和Julietta Singh的表演回应
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/15358593.2022.2151848
Pavithra Prasad, Angela Labador, Ana Isabel Terminel Iberri, Drew Finney, Marco Dehnert, Lore/tta LeMaster
ABSTRACT Phantasms in the Halls: A Future University is Possible, is a mediated live performance presented synchronously on Zoom and in person. In this devised ensemble piece, the performers offer a performative response to recent scholarship on the settler colonial university and its significance in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. The work weaves together theories of fugitivity, spectrality, and refusal to offer contextually situated critiques of labor practices under quarantine. The performance form works in collaboration with its critical content to offer an embodied, albeit mediated, look into what decolonizing academic labor can look like in a moment of global epistemic upheaval and collective survival.
“大厅里的幻影:未来大学的可能”是一场现场表演,同时在Zoom上和现场进行。在这个精心设计的合奏作品中,表演者对最近关于定居者殖民大学的学术研究及其在COVID-19大流行时期的意义进行了表演回应。该作品将逃亡理论、幽灵性理论和拒绝对隔离下的劳动实践进行情境性批评编织在一起。表演形式与其批判性内容合作,提供了一个具体的,尽管是中介的,看看在全球认知剧变和集体生存的时刻,非殖民化的学术劳动是什么样子的。
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引用次数: 0
Review of Communication Guest Reviewers, Volume 22 通信客座评审员评审,第22卷
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/15358593.2022.2161137
K. McConnell, J. Ackerman, Amy Aldridge, G. Asante, Isabel Awad Cherit, Hanan Badr, R. Baron, A. Peay, Matthew W. Bost, Gwen Bouvier, J. Cisneros, Priscilla Claeys, François Cooren, Robert T. Craig, Daniel Cronn-Mills, J. Cullinane, George Guoyu Ding, Debalina Dutta, Christina R. Foust, Janie M. Harden, Lina Gomez-Vasquez, Jenna N. Hanchey, Lydia Huerta, Sandra Jeppesen, Lisa B. Keränen, I. Klyukanov
Reviewers play an essential role in journal publishing. Journals that support specific areas of study rely primarily on their editorial boards to do this critical work. That model has proven incompatible with Review of Communication’s new program of themed issues. The journal now convenes guest reviewers for each issue rather than attempt to constitute a single editorial board. A separate and standing Advisory Board assists with theme development: (https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?show=editorial Board&journalCode=rroc20). Please join me in recognizing this service to the discipline as the significant scholarly contribution that it is. On behalf of the journal’s guest editors, contributors, and readers, I extend a heartfelt thank you to everyone who completed reviews for the journal between August 2021 and July 2022. Your labor has helped to produce the scholarship that appears in Volume 22 and in forthcoming issues:
审稿人在期刊出版中起着至关重要的作用。支持特定研究领域的期刊主要依靠其编辑委员会来完成这项关键工作。事实证明,这种模式与《传播评论》的主题问题新计划不兼容。该杂志现在为每一期召集客座评审员,而不是试图组成一个单独的编辑委员会。一个独立的常设咨询委员会协助制定主题:(https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?show=editorialBoard&journalCode=rroc20)。请与我一起承认这一学科的重大学术贡献。我代表该杂志的客座编辑、撰稿人和读者,衷心感谢在2021年8月至2022年7月期间为该杂志完成评论的每一个人。你的劳动帮助产生了出现在第22卷和即将出版的几期中的奖学金:
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引用次数: 0
Without permission: guerrilla gardening, contested places, spatial justice 未经许可:游击队园艺、有争议的地方、空间正义
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/15358593.2022.2133970
D. Sackey
ABSTRACT This article examines the guerilla garden as a contested space of knowledge and a means of (re)composing urban landscapes. Guerilla gardening is the radical transformation of public property for illicit cultivation. As a practice, it involves individuals or groups of people transforming public and private spaces of neglect through the planting of crops or decorative plants. The purpose is to (re)compose decaying or unproductive spaces into sites of resilience and fecundity as a practice of spatial justice.
本文将游击式花园作为一种有争议的知识空间和(重新)构成城市景观的手段进行研究。游击园艺是对非法种植的公共财产的彻底改造。作为一种实践,它涉及到个人或群体通过种植作物或装饰植物来改造公共和私人空间。其目的是(重新)将腐朽或非生产性空间组合成具有弹性和繁殖力的场所,作为空间正义的实践。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Review of Communication
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