首页 > 最新文献

Review of Communication最新文献

英文 中文
“Add up all my Black”: understanding race and genetic ancestry through critical interpersonal and family communication “把我所有的黑人加起来”:通过批判性的人际和家庭沟通了解种族和遗传祖先
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/15358593.2021.1961851
Charnell Peters
ABSTRACT Critical interpersonal and family communication (CIFC) contributes a context and lens for analyzing the intersections of race, communication, and genetic ancestry tests (GATs). This essay presents a discourse analysis of GAT reveal videos by Black content creators. Interpersonal communication—between the people in the videos and between them and online audiences—is a vehicle through which people narrate into meaning complex ideas of genetics and race. Results of this analysis show that Black content creators situate genetic ancestry within ongoing communication about identity. The videos work to “prove” Blackness and mark the significance of naming the self, often by conflating ideas of Blackness and genetic ancestry. CIFC as an analytic uncovers the paradox in which GAT discourse is both liberating and oppressive within relational spheres.
关键人际和家庭沟通(CIFC)为分析种族、沟通和遗传血统测试(GATs)的交集提供了一个背景和视角。本文对黑人内容创作者的GAT揭幕式视频进行了话语分析。人际交流——在视频中的人之间以及他们和在线观众之间——是一种载体,人们通过它来讲述遗传和种族等复杂的想法。这一分析的结果表明,黑人内容创作者将遗传血统置于正在进行的关于身份的交流中。这些视频的目的是“证明”黑人身份,并通过将黑人身份和遗传祖先的概念混为一谈来标记自我命名的重要性。作为一种分析,CIFC揭示了关贸总协定话语在关系领域中既具有解放性又具有压迫性的悖论。
{"title":"“Add up all my Black”: understanding race and genetic ancestry through critical interpersonal and family communication","authors":"Charnell Peters","doi":"10.1080/15358593.2021.1961851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15358593.2021.1961851","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Critical interpersonal and family communication (CIFC) contributes a context and lens for analyzing the intersections of race, communication, and genetic ancestry tests (GATs). This essay presents a discourse analysis of GAT reveal videos by Black content creators. Interpersonal communication—between the people in the videos and between them and online audiences—is a vehicle through which people narrate into meaning complex ideas of genetics and race. Results of this analysis show that Black content creators situate genetic ancestry within ongoing communication about identity. The videos work to “prove” Blackness and mark the significance of naming the self, often by conflating ideas of Blackness and genetic ancestry. CIFC as an analytic uncovers the paradox in which GAT discourse is both liberating and oppressive within relational spheres.","PeriodicalId":53587,"journal":{"name":"Review of Communication","volume":"21 1","pages":"223 - 230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48018152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Beyond the hammer: a critical turn for interpersonal and family communication studies 锤子之外:人际和家庭沟通研究的关键转折
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/15358593.2021.1969424
J. Manning, Katherine J. Denker
ABSTRACT This essay reflects on the recent critical turns within interpersonal and family communication studies (IFC) and the advances of diversity, equity, inclusion, and access in the larger field of communication studies. The authors use a tool metaphor to argue the importance of studying IFC from a range of methodological approaches—including interpretive, cultural, and/or critical perspectives. Specifically, the authors (1) question the impulse to isolate interpersonal communication from the larger field of communication studies and (2) argue the necessity of recognizing critical approaches and/or traditions as one way of examining identities, relationships, and families. This commentary also previews the contributions of the articles featured in the themed issue “A Critical Turn for Interpersonal and Family Communication Studies.”
本文反映了人际和家庭传播研究(IFC)中最近的关键转折,以及在更大的传播研究领域中多样性、公平性、包容性和可及性的进步。作者使用一个工具隐喻来论证从一系列方法论方法(包括解释、文化和/或批判视角)研究国际金融公司的重要性。具体来说,作者(1)质疑将人际交流从更大的传播研究领域中分离出来的冲动;(2)认为有必要承认批判性方法和/或传统是审视身份、关系和家庭的一种方式。本评论亦概述了“人际与家庭传播研究的关键转折”专题文章的贡献。
{"title":"Beyond the hammer: a critical turn for interpersonal and family communication studies","authors":"J. Manning, Katherine J. Denker","doi":"10.1080/15358593.2021.1969424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15358593.2021.1969424","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This essay reflects on the recent critical turns within interpersonal and family communication studies (IFC) and the advances of diversity, equity, inclusion, and access in the larger field of communication studies. The authors use a tool metaphor to argue the importance of studying IFC from a range of methodological approaches—including interpretive, cultural, and/or critical perspectives. Specifically, the authors (1) question the impulse to isolate interpersonal communication from the larger field of communication studies and (2) argue the necessity of recognizing critical approaches and/or traditions as one way of examining identities, relationships, and families. This commentary also previews the contributions of the articles featured in the themed issue “A Critical Turn for Interpersonal and Family Communication Studies.”","PeriodicalId":53587,"journal":{"name":"Review of Communication","volume":"21 1","pages":"177 - 186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47394801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Theorizing disenfranchisement as a communicative process 将剥夺公民权理论化为一个交流过程
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/15358593.2021.1965194
E. Hintz, Steven R. Wilson
ABSTRACT This essay lays initial groundwork for a theory of communicative disenfranchisement (TCD), which explores what occurs when individuals’ experiences, identities, and relationships are discredited (i.e., not treated as “real”) by others and how such talk disempowers them and alters their perceptions of future interactions. Five key assumptions of TCD advocate: (1) attending to power; (2) considering discursive and material conditions and their histories; (3) viewing communication as constitutive of reality; (4) adopting a process view; and (5) acknowledging interactions as having multiple meanings. This framework offers two central benefits: (a) aligning critical interpersonal and family communication scholarship with critical research occurring within other communication subfields; and (b) further spurring the critical reconsideration of traditional programs of interpersonal and family communication research. TCD is particularly useful for understanding the roles of power and discourse in communicative contestations as well as the outcomes of such talk.
本文为交际剥夺理论(TCD)奠定了初步基础,该理论探讨了当个人的经历、身份和关系被他人怀疑(即不被视为“真实的”)时会发生什么,以及这种谈话如何剥夺他们的权力并改变他们对未来互动的看法。TCD倡导者的五个关键假设:(1)关注权力;(2)考虑话语和物质条件及其历史;(3)视沟通为现实的组成部分;(4)采用过程观;(5)承认互动具有多重意义。该框架提供了两个主要好处:(a)将关键的人际和家庭传播学术与其他传播子领域的关键研究结合起来;(b)进一步推动对传统人际和家庭传播研究项目的批判性反思。TCD对于理解权力和话语在交际争论中的作用以及这种谈话的结果特别有用。
{"title":"Theorizing disenfranchisement as a communicative process","authors":"E. Hintz, Steven R. Wilson","doi":"10.1080/15358593.2021.1965194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15358593.2021.1965194","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This essay lays initial groundwork for a theory of communicative disenfranchisement (TCD), which explores what occurs when individuals’ experiences, identities, and relationships are discredited (i.e., not treated as “real”) by others and how such talk disempowers them and alters their perceptions of future interactions. Five key assumptions of TCD advocate: (1) attending to power; (2) considering discursive and material conditions and their histories; (3) viewing communication as constitutive of reality; (4) adopting a process view; and (5) acknowledging interactions as having multiple meanings. This framework offers two central benefits: (a) aligning critical interpersonal and family communication scholarship with critical research occurring within other communication subfields; and (b) further spurring the critical reconsideration of traditional programs of interpersonal and family communication research. TCD is particularly useful for understanding the roles of power and discourse in communicative contestations as well as the outcomes of such talk.","PeriodicalId":53587,"journal":{"name":"Review of Communication","volume":"21 1","pages":"241 - 251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48863862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Distant yet existent: actor–network theory and the communicative constitution of functionally estranged family relationships 遥远而存在:行动者网络理论与功能性隔阂家庭关系的交际构成
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/15358593.2021.1966082
Jordan Allen, Nicole T. Allen
ABSTRACT Interpersonal and family communication scholarship retains a dualistic approach to relationships and communication. This prevailing logic constrains the ability of critical interpersonal and family communication (CIFC) scholarship to identify communication practices that stabilize unjust operations of power. We argue that CIFC scholarship should make a nonhuman theoretical turn. Specifically, we propose that Bruno Latour’s actor–network theory (ANT) provides a way forward for CIFC scholars to identify and critique unjust operations of power that are rendered more and less durable by human and nonhuman communication. To appreciate how ANT could benefit CIFC scholarship, we first identify the ontological and epistemological shifts ANT requires of CIFC scholars. Second, we explore the core uncertainties/controversies of ANT. Third, we embody ANT as a framework to interrogate and critique the communicative constitution of functionally estranged family relationships. Finally, we discuss the value of inviting new materialist approaches to CIFC scholarship.
人际和家庭传播学保留了对关系和传播的二元方法。这种普遍的逻辑限制了关键人际和家庭沟通(CIFC)学者识别稳定不公正权力运作的沟通实践的能力。我们认为,CIFC奖学金应该做出一个非人类的理论转向。具体而言,我们提出布鲁诺·拉图尔的行动者网络理论(ANT)为CIFC学者识别和批评不公正的权力运作提供了一条前进的道路,这些不公正的权力运作因人类和非人类的交流而变得越来越不持久。为了了解ANT如何使CIFC奖学金受益,我们首先确定ANT要求CIFC学者在本体论和认识论上的转变。其次,我们探讨了ANT的核心不确定性/争议。第三,我们将ANT作为一个框架来拷问和批判功能性疏远的家庭关系的交际构成。最后,我们讨论了邀请新唯物主义方法进入CIFC学术研究的价值。
{"title":"Distant yet existent: actor–network theory and the communicative constitution of functionally estranged family relationships","authors":"Jordan Allen, Nicole T. Allen","doi":"10.1080/15358593.2021.1966082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15358593.2021.1966082","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Interpersonal and family communication scholarship retains a dualistic approach to relationships and communication. This prevailing logic constrains the ability of critical interpersonal and family communication (CIFC) scholarship to identify communication practices that stabilize unjust operations of power. We argue that CIFC scholarship should make a nonhuman theoretical turn. Specifically, we propose that Bruno Latour’s actor–network theory (ANT) provides a way forward for CIFC scholars to identify and critique unjust operations of power that are rendered more and less durable by human and nonhuman communication. To appreciate how ANT could benefit CIFC scholarship, we first identify the ontological and epistemological shifts ANT requires of CIFC scholars. Second, we explore the core uncertainties/controversies of ANT. Third, we embody ANT as a framework to interrogate and critique the communicative constitution of functionally estranged family relationships. Finally, we discuss the value of inviting new materialist approaches to CIFC scholarship.","PeriodicalId":53587,"journal":{"name":"Review of Communication","volume":"21 1","pages":"252 - 269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48393421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The unremarked optimum: whiteness, optimization, and control in the database revolution 不引人注意的优化:数据库革命中的白度、优化和控制
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/15358593.2021.1934521
Nikki Stevens, A. Hoffmann, Sarah Florini
ABSTRACT The 1970s saw major transformations in how computerized databases were conceived, developed, and designed. Part of a broader shift in how software applications were developed, these transformations—sometimes referred to as “the database revolution”—introduced new and then-novel approaches to structuring and arranging digital data, optimizing them for usability and convenience. At the same time, however, the rhetoric of innovation and revolution surrounding this moment in database development obscures the ways it helped concentrate and extend particular kinds of racialized power and, in particular, whiteness (i.e., those norms and values congenial to the reproduction of white racial dominance and the subjugation of blackness). In this article, we revisit key works of the database revolution to show how they encoded whiteness as a kind of unremarked optimum, in both implicit and explicit ways. Finally, we argue that these developments helped to codify and extend a kind of “willful ignorance” that, as scholars of epistemology and justice have shown, is central to the preservation and reproduction of whiteness.
20世纪70年代见证了计算机数据库在构思、开发和设计方面的重大变革。作为软件应用程序开发方式的更广泛转变的一部分,这些转变——有时被称为“数据库革命”——引入了新的和当时新颖的方法来构建和安排数字数据,优化它们的可用性和便利性。然而,与此同时,围绕数据库开发这一时刻的创新和革命的花言巧语掩盖了它帮助集中和扩展特定种族化权力的方式,特别是白人(即,那些与白人种族统治和黑人征服的再生产相一致的规范和价值观)。在本文中,我们将回顾数据库革命的关键工作,以展示它们如何以隐式和显式两种方式将白度编码为一种未被注意的最佳值。最后,我们认为,这些发展有助于编纂和扩展一种“故意无知”,正如认识论和正义学者所表明的那样,这种无知对白人的保存和繁殖至关重要。
{"title":"The unremarked optimum: whiteness, optimization, and control in the database revolution","authors":"Nikki Stevens, A. Hoffmann, Sarah Florini","doi":"10.1080/15358593.2021.1934521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15358593.2021.1934521","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The 1970s saw major transformations in how computerized databases were conceived, developed, and designed. Part of a broader shift in how software applications were developed, these transformations—sometimes referred to as “the database revolution”—introduced new and then-novel approaches to structuring and arranging digital data, optimizing them for usability and convenience. At the same time, however, the rhetoric of innovation and revolution surrounding this moment in database development obscures the ways it helped concentrate and extend particular kinds of racialized power and, in particular, whiteness (i.e., those norms and values congenial to the reproduction of white racial dominance and the subjugation of blackness). In this article, we revisit key works of the database revolution to show how they encoded whiteness as a kind of unremarked optimum, in both implicit and explicit ways. Finally, we argue that these developments helped to codify and extend a kind of “willful ignorance” that, as scholars of epistemology and justice have shown, is central to the preservation and reproduction of whiteness.","PeriodicalId":53587,"journal":{"name":"Review of Communication","volume":"21 1","pages":"113 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15358593.2021.1934521","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46495377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Engineering culture: logics of optimization in music, games, and apps 工程文化:音乐、游戏和应用程序的优化逻辑
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/15358593.2021.1934522
J. Morris, R. Prey, D. Nieborg
ABSTRACT This article investigates the ways content producers, marketers, and other promotional stakeholders work to optimize cultural goods and services for platform-dependent production, distribution, and monetization. We are particularly interested in how content creators find novel ways to work within, around, and even against platform politics and policies by manipulating algorithms, business models, and guidelines, or otherwise readying their content for optimal circulation on multiple platforms. Through comparative cases of music, games, and apps that draw on trade press and industry discourse, institutional and financial analysis, and select interviews with musicians, we consider various forms of, and strategies for, what we call cultural optimization. We draw on these instances to better understand the similarities and differences in the optimization of cultural content and metadata for economic or cultural gains. We hope our comparative approach reveals different conceptions of the term optimization, and that this term—in all its digital, financial, and cybernetic connotations—might prompt new ways of thinking about the interactions between content, (meta)data, platforms, and culture that have long shaped the circulation of cultural goods.
本文探讨了内容生产者、营销人员和其他推广利益相关者优化文化产品和服务的方式,以实现依赖于平台的生产、发行和货币化。我们特别感兴趣的是,内容创作者如何通过操纵算法、商业模式和指导方针,找到新颖的方式,在平台政治和政策中工作,甚至反对这些政策,或者以其他方式为内容在多个平台上的最佳流通做好准备。通过对音乐、游戏和应用程序的比较案例(借鉴了行业新闻和行业话语、制度和财务分析以及对音乐家的精选采访),我们考虑了我们所谓的文化优化的各种形式和策略。我们利用这些实例来更好地理解文化内容和元数据在优化经济或文化收益方面的异同。我们希望我们的比较方法揭示了术语优化的不同概念,并且这个术语-在其所有数字,金融和控制论内涵中-可能会促使人们以新的方式思考内容,(元)数据,平台和文化之间的相互作用,这些相互作用长期以来塑造了文化产品的流通。
{"title":"Engineering culture: logics of optimization in music, games, and apps","authors":"J. Morris, R. Prey, D. Nieborg","doi":"10.1080/15358593.2021.1934522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15358593.2021.1934522","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article investigates the ways content producers, marketers, and other promotional stakeholders work to optimize cultural goods and services for platform-dependent production, distribution, and monetization. We are particularly interested in how content creators find novel ways to work within, around, and even against platform politics and policies by manipulating algorithms, business models, and guidelines, or otherwise readying their content for optimal circulation on multiple platforms. Through comparative cases of music, games, and apps that draw on trade press and industry discourse, institutional and financial analysis, and select interviews with musicians, we consider various forms of, and strategies for, what we call cultural optimization. We draw on these instances to better understand the similarities and differences in the optimization of cultural content and metadata for economic or cultural gains. We hope our comparative approach reveals different conceptions of the term optimization, and that this term—in all its digital, financial, and cybernetic connotations—might prompt new ways of thinking about the interactions between content, (meta)data, platforms, and culture that have long shaped the circulation of cultural goods.","PeriodicalId":53587,"journal":{"name":"Review of Communication","volume":"21 1","pages":"161 - 175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15358593.2021.1934522","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45020542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
“Optimize user experience”: optimization techniques and the simulation of life, from the model to the algorithm “优化用户体验”:优化技术与模拟生活,从模型到算法
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/15358593.2021.1934523
R. Uliasz
ABSTRACT This article takes up the issue of optimization to consider the relationship between predictive algorithms and platform user experience. Corporate data analytic practices increasingly rely on machine learning algorithms that apply models to user behaviors, producing “knowledge” about users that can be bought and sold. This article considers the opacity of algorithms today in relation to optimization. Using a conceptual apparatus that draws from the study of cultural techniques, the following argues that optimization—the task of finding a sufficient solution to a well-defined problem—makes use of models to simulate possible answers to problems around the incomputablity of behavior. Tracing a set of examples that deal with the problem of predicting behavior—the “minimum point” problem, John von Neumann's automata theory, and the Facebook pixel—optimization is characterized by a shift from statistical model making towards predictive and algorithmic techniques. This shift is seen within the context of the decline of Cold War rationality towards the embeddedness of “intelligent” algorithms across technoculture.
摘要本文讨论了优化问题,以考虑预测算法和平台用户体验之间的关系。企业数据分析实践越来越依赖于将模型应用于用户行为的机器学习算法,从而产生可以买卖的用户“知识”。本文考虑了当今算法在优化方面的不透明性。以下使用了一种从文化技术研究中汲取的概念装置,认为优化——为定义明确的问题找到充分解决方案的任务——利用模型来模拟行为不可理解性问题的可能答案。追踪一组处理预测行为问题的例子——“最低点”问题、约翰·冯·诺依曼的自动机理论和Facebook像素——优化的特点是从统计模型制作转向预测和算法技术。这种转变是在冷战理性向技术文化中“智能”算法嵌入性下降的背景下出现的。
{"title":"“Optimize user experience”: optimization techniques and the simulation of life, from the model to the algorithm","authors":"R. Uliasz","doi":"10.1080/15358593.2021.1934523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15358593.2021.1934523","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article takes up the issue of optimization to consider the relationship between predictive algorithms and platform user experience. Corporate data analytic practices increasingly rely on machine learning algorithms that apply models to user behaviors, producing “knowledge” about users that can be bought and sold. This article considers the opacity of algorithms today in relation to optimization. Using a conceptual apparatus that draws from the study of cultural techniques, the following argues that optimization—the task of finding a sufficient solution to a well-defined problem—makes use of models to simulate possible answers to problems around the incomputablity of behavior. Tracing a set of examples that deal with the problem of predicting behavior—the “minimum point” problem, John von Neumann's automata theory, and the Facebook pixel—optimization is characterized by a shift from statistical model making towards predictive and algorithmic techniques. This shift is seen within the context of the decline of Cold War rationality towards the embeddedness of “intelligent” algorithms across technoculture.","PeriodicalId":53587,"journal":{"name":"Review of Communication","volume":"21 1","pages":"129 - 143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15358593.2021.1934523","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45379743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The ambivalent assemblages of sleep optimization 睡眠优化的矛盾组合
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/15358593.2021.1934520
B. Lyall
ABSTRACT In the last decade, self-tracking technologies have encouraged users to optimize various biosocial practices. Through a wide array of smart digital devices and apps, users are put on notice: are they aware of the screen time they accrue each day, the steps they have (not) walked, or the last time they stood up? In the resulting sphere of mediated self-awareness, sleep is ripe for calculation, analysis, and optimization. Essential yet unconscious, sleep is a practice that manifests as an ambivalent example of wider self-tracking logics; an alluring “data frontier” for users and corporations alike. In this article, I draw on qualitative data (N = 38), collected in Australia, to explore the experiences and practices of self-trackers who monitor their sleep. Using interview data and participant screenshots, I discuss how apps construct sleep standards, social dimensions of sleep metrics, gamified incentives, and the process of assembling codes/spaces around sleep monitoring. In bringing sleep within a sphere of rational control, apps often exclude difference by focusing on consumer choice, wellness, and self-care. While imprecise and fungible, sleep metrics act as proxies for productivity, and reify normative understandings of time-use, energy, and sleep.
在过去的十年中,自我跟踪技术鼓励用户优化各种生物社会实践。通过各种各样的智能数字设备和应用程序,用户被提醒:他们是否意识到自己每天累积的屏幕时间,他们走了(没走)多少步,或者他们最后一次站起来是什么时候?在由此产生的中介自我意识领域,睡眠是成熟的计算,分析和优化。睡眠是必不可少的,但却是无意识的,它是一种实践,表现为更广泛的自我跟踪逻辑的矛盾例子;对用户和企业来说都是一个诱人的“数据前沿”。在这篇文章中,我利用在澳大利亚收集的定性数据(N = 38)来探索自我追踪者监控睡眠的经验和做法。通过访谈数据和参与者截图,我讨论了应用程序如何构建睡眠标准、睡眠指标的社会维度、游戏化激励,以及围绕睡眠监测组合代码/空间的过程。为了将睡眠置于理性控制的范围内,应用程序通常通过关注消费者的选择、健康和自我保健来排除差异。虽然不精确且可替代,但睡眠指标作为生产力的代理,并具体化了对时间使用、精力和睡眠的规范理解。
{"title":"The ambivalent assemblages of sleep optimization","authors":"B. Lyall","doi":"10.1080/15358593.2021.1934520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15358593.2021.1934520","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In the last decade, self-tracking technologies have encouraged users to optimize various biosocial practices. Through a wide array of smart digital devices and apps, users are put on notice: are they aware of the screen time they accrue each day, the steps they have (not) walked, or the last time they stood up? In the resulting sphere of mediated self-awareness, sleep is ripe for calculation, analysis, and optimization. Essential yet unconscious, sleep is a practice that manifests as an ambivalent example of wider self-tracking logics; an alluring “data frontier” for users and corporations alike. In this article, I draw on qualitative data (N = 38), collected in Australia, to explore the experiences and practices of self-trackers who monitor their sleep. Using interview data and participant screenshots, I discuss how apps construct sleep standards, social dimensions of sleep metrics, gamified incentives, and the process of assembling codes/spaces around sleep monitoring. In bringing sleep within a sphere of rational control, apps often exclude difference by focusing on consumer choice, wellness, and self-care. While imprecise and fungible, sleep metrics act as proxies for productivity, and reify normative understandings of time-use, energy, and sleep.","PeriodicalId":53587,"journal":{"name":"Review of Communication","volume":"21 1","pages":"144 - 160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15358593.2021.1934520","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44442312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Introduction: optimization and its discontents 简介:优化及其不满
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/15358593.2021.1936143
F. McKelvey, Joshua Neves
ABSTRACT Optimization is seemingly everywhere and yet elusive. Our bodies, tools, and institutions are now understood as endlessly optimizable. But what does optimization mean? Or more crucially, what does it do? Who or what is optimized or dis-optimized? This themed issue introduces optimization as a critical concept to analyze the governance and governmentality of large technological infrastructures, platforms, and self-management apps. We define optimization as a form of calculative decision-making embedded in legitimating institutions and media that seek to actualize optimal social and technical practices in real time. Our Introduction outlines the techniques, legitimations, and social practices of optimization that have spread in many forms across the globe. By questioning optimization, our Introduction considers the social practices, geopolitical networks, and forms of organization (and violence) shored up by the desire for optimum performance.
优化似乎无处不在,但却难以捉摸。我们的身体、工具和制度现在被认为是无限优化的。但优化是什么意思呢?或者更重要的是,它能做什么?谁或什么是优化的或不优化的?本主题将优化作为分析大型技术基础设施、平台和自我管理应用程序的治理和治理的关键概念引入。我们将优化定义为一种嵌入合法机构和媒体的计算决策形式,旨在实时实现最佳的社会和技术实践。我们的介绍概述了在全球以多种形式传播的优化技术、合法性和社会实践。通过质疑优化,我们的引言考虑了社会实践、地缘政治网络和组织形式(和暴力),这些都是由对最佳绩效的渴望所支撑的。
{"title":"Introduction: optimization and its discontents","authors":"F. McKelvey, Joshua Neves","doi":"10.1080/15358593.2021.1936143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15358593.2021.1936143","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Optimization is seemingly everywhere and yet elusive. Our bodies, tools, and institutions are now understood as endlessly optimizable. But what does optimization mean? Or more crucially, what does it do? Who or what is optimized or dis-optimized? This themed issue introduces optimization as a critical concept to analyze the governance and governmentality of large technological infrastructures, platforms, and self-management apps. We define optimization as a form of calculative decision-making embedded in legitimating institutions and media that seek to actualize optimal social and technical practices in real time. Our Introduction outlines the techniques, legitimations, and social practices of optimization that have spread in many forms across the globe. By questioning optimization, our Introduction considers the social practices, geopolitical networks, and forms of organization (and violence) shored up by the desire for optimum performance.","PeriodicalId":53587,"journal":{"name":"Review of Communication","volume":"21 1","pages":"95 - 112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15358593.2021.1936143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42750439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Interlude II 间歇II
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-18 DOI: 10.1080/15358593.2022.2147019
Michael Lechuga, J. Ackerman
ABSTRACT In this interlude, we would like to reflect briefly on the first two essays in the issue by commenting on the settler present. We make a brief comment on the fungibility of trauma and the relationship between it and memory. We build on these concepts to join the other authors in this issue who describe how they have begun a process of dissettling the institutions of public learning to prepare for the sets of possibilities available to us in the decades to come.
在这段插曲中,我们想通过对移民现状的评论来简要回顾本期前两篇文章。我们对创伤的可替代性及其与记忆的关系作了简要的评述。我们以这些概念为基础,加入本期其他作者的行列,他们描述了他们如何开始一个颠覆公共学习机构的过程,为未来几十年我们可能获得的一系列可能性做准备。
{"title":"Interlude II","authors":"Michael Lechuga, J. Ackerman","doi":"10.1080/15358593.2022.2147019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15358593.2022.2147019","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this interlude, we would like to reflect briefly on the first two essays in the issue by commenting on the settler present. We make a brief comment on the fungibility of trauma and the relationship between it and memory. We build on these concepts to join the other authors in this issue who describe how they have begun a process of dissettling the institutions of public learning to prepare for the sets of possibilities available to us in the decades to come.","PeriodicalId":53587,"journal":{"name":"Review of Communication","volume":"22 1","pages":"328 - 334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42131080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
期刊
Review of Communication
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1