Apocalyptic Motifs on Century-Old Ukrainian Rushnyks Through Today’s Digital Folklore CommunicationThoughts about the end of life and subsequent rebirth are among the most popular motifs in Ukrainian epigraphic embroidery. Embroidered towels (rushnyks) with inscriptions (folk texts) were a mass phenomenon from the end of the 19th till the first half of the 20th century. For instance, there were numerous variants of embroidered inscriptions (folklore formulas) such as “Don’t mourn for Me, Mother”, “My grave is under the cross; my love is on the cross”, “Christ is risen! Truly He is risen!” and so on. The author analyzes some of these folklore formulas connected with apocalyptic motif in Ukrainian epigraphic embroidery. Nowadays, many of them are re-actualized via the Internet. It is worth noting that during modern folklorization of ancient rushnyks, their meaning may be significantly transformed.Апокаліптичні мотиви столітніх українських рушників у сучасній цифровій фольклорній комунікації Роздуми про кінець життя та подальше відродження є одними з найчастотніших мотивів в епіграфічній вишивці українців. Ідеться про рушники з написами (фольклорними текстами), що масово виготовлялися наприкінці ХІХ – у першій половині ХХ ст. Зокрема, існували численні варіанти таких вишитих написів (фольклорних формул): «Не ридай Мене, Мати», «Під хрестом моя могила, на хресті моя любов», «Христос воскрес! Воістину воскрес!» тощо. Авторка аналізує деякі з цих фольклорних формул, пов’язані з апокаліптичними мотивами в епіграфічній вишивці. Нині багато з них повторно актуалізуються через Інтернет. Варто зауважити, що під час сучасної фольклоризації старовинних рушників їхня семантика може суттєво змінюватися. Motywy apokaliptyczne stuletnich ukraińskich ręczników w nowoczesnej, cyfrowej komunikacji ludowejRefleksje na temat końca życia i późniejszego odrodzenia to jeden z najczęstszych motywów ukraińskiego haftu epigraficznego. Tematem artykułu są haftowane ręczniki zawierające teksty ludowe, które były masowo produkowane pod koniec XIX i w pierwszej połowie XX wieku. Istniały liczne wersje takich haftowanych napisów w formie ludowych fraz: „Nie płacz za mną Matko”, „Pod krzyżem mój grób, na krzyżu moja miłość”, „Chrystus zmartwychwstał! Rzeczywiście zmartwychwstał!” itp. W artykule analizuję wybrane ludowe formuły związane z motywami apokaliptycznymi, występujące w hafcie epigraficznym. Obecnie wiele z nich jest aktualizowanych przez Internet. Warto zauważyć, że podczas współczesnego folkloryzowania dawnych ręczników ich semantyka zmienia się w sposób znaczący.
{"title":"Apocalyptic Motifs on Century-Old Ukrainian Rushnyks Through Today’s Digital Folklore Communication","authors":"Tetiana M. Brovarets","doi":"10.11649/ch.2713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11649/ch.2713","url":null,"abstract":"Apocalyptic Motifs on Century-Old Ukrainian Rushnyks Through Today’s Digital Folklore CommunicationThoughts about the end of life and subsequent rebirth are among the most popular motifs in Ukrainian epigraphic embroidery. Embroidered towels (rushnyks) with inscriptions (folk texts) were a mass phenomenon from the end of the 19th till the first half of the 20th century. For instance, there were numerous variants of embroidered inscriptions (folklore formulas) such as “Don’t mourn for Me, Mother”, “My grave is under the cross; my love is on the cross”, “Christ is risen! Truly He is risen!” and so on. The author analyzes some of these folklore formulas connected with apocalyptic motif in Ukrainian epigraphic embroidery. Nowadays, many of them are re-actualized via the Internet. It is worth noting that during modern folklorization of ancient rushnyks, their meaning may be significantly transformed.Апокаліптичні мотиви столітніх українських рушників у сучасній цифровій фольклорній комунікації Роздуми про кінець життя та подальше відродження є одними з найчастотніших мотивів в епіграфічній вишивці українців. Ідеться про рушники з написами (фольклорними текстами), що масово виготовлялися наприкінці ХІХ – у першій половині ХХ ст. Зокрема, існували численні варіанти таких вишитих написів (фольклорних формул): «Не ридай Мене, Мати», «Під хрестом моя могила, на хресті моя любов», «Христос воскрес! Воістину воскрес!» тощо. Авторка аналізує деякі з цих фольклорних формул, пов’язані з апокаліптичними мотивами в епіграфічній вишивці. Нині багато з них повторно актуалізуються через Інтернет. Варто зауважити, що під час сучасної фольклоризації старовинних рушників їхня семантика може суттєво змінюватися. Motywy apokaliptyczne stuletnich ukraińskich ręczników w nowoczesnej, cyfrowej komunikacji ludowejRefleksje na temat końca życia i późniejszego odrodzenia to jeden z najczęstszych motywów ukraińskiego haftu epigraficznego. Tematem artykułu są haftowane ręczniki zawierające teksty ludowe, które były masowo produkowane pod koniec XIX i w pierwszej połowie XX wieku. Istniały liczne wersje takich haftowanych napisów w formie ludowych fraz: „Nie płacz za mną Matko”, „Pod krzyżem mój grób, na krzyżu moja miłość”, „Chrystus zmartwychwstał! Rzeczywiście zmartwychwstał!” itp. W artykule analizuję wybrane ludowe formuły związane z motywami apokaliptycznymi, występujące w hafcie epigraficznym. Obecnie wiele z nich jest aktualizowanych przez Internet. Warto zauważyć, że podczas współczesnego folkloryzowania dawnych ręczników ich semantyka zmienia się w sposób znaczący.","PeriodicalId":53744,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia Humanistica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41897168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zbor imaat graǵanite: The First Sociological Study, the Polish Sociological Expert Aid to Macedonia in the Mid-1960s and the Post-Earthquake History of Interethnic Relations in SkopjeOn the early morning of 26 July 1963, a calamitous earthquake struck the Macedonian capital of Skopje, taking the lives of 1,070 people and destroying more than two-thirds of the urban fabric. The politically non-aligned Yugoslav government immediately issued a call for help for the earthquake-torn city, which was picked up by more than eighty states across the globe, as well as the United Nations and other international organizations. The domestic authorities, in turn, sought to reimagine post-disaster Skopje as a “City of Solidarity,” a symbol of the trans-bloc cooperation, and an “Open City” – one open to domestic and intra-federal migrations and the epitome of the trans-Yugoslav state-building slogan of “brotherhood and unity.” However, the mounting interethnic tensions in the 1980s, the Yugoslav dissolution, and the 2001 insurgency dramatically shifted the public optics over the post-earthquake urban reconstruction and demographic politics – a narrative which found a particular stronghold in the memory politics of post-2001 Macedonia.construct their own interpretations of the social change.The present paper discusses one overlooked episode from the post-earthquake reconstruction of Skopje: from December 1964 to April 1965, the first ever large-scale sociological survey was conducted among Skopjans as part of the Polish expert aid and the preparations for the UN-sponsored Skopje Urban Project. Although the published study contained an exclusive portrayal of the economic and demographic features of the local households and revealed some of the major interethnic issues in the city, it never received proper treatment by the authorities and – up to the Yugoslav dissolution – in the scholarship. Thus, in order to present the major outcomes of this cross-national endeavor, I reconstruct the prehistory, the fieldwork and the immediate results of the survey by triangulating a set of archival materials, semi-structured interviews with its Polish and Macedonian conveners, and secondary literature on Skopje’s urban reconstruction. Finally, I argue that the survey – its realization, results and aftermath – can be read as a key to a better understanding of the post-earthquake history of Skopje and the interethnic relations in the city.Збор имаат граѓаните: Првата социолошка студија, полската социолошка експертска помош во Македонија од средината на 1960-тите и пост-земјотресната историја на меѓуетнички односи во СкопјеСкопското утро од 26 јули 1963 година е моментот кога градот беше погоден од катастрофален земјотрес што резултираше со 1070 жртви, а уништи и две третини од градските објекти и инфраструктура. Политички неврзаната југословенска влада веднаш објави повик за помош на разурнатиот град, на којшто, пак, одговорија преку 80 држави ширум светот, Обединетите нации и др
Zbor imaat graǵanite：第一次社会学研究、波兰社会学专家在19世纪60年代中期对马其顿的援助和斯科普里的地震后种族关系史1963年7月26日凌晨，马其顿首都斯科普里发生灾难性地震，1070人丧生，三分之二以上的城市结构被毁。政治上不结盟的南斯拉夫政府立即发出呼吁，为这座被地震摧毁的城市提供帮助。全球80多个国家以及联合国和其他国际组织都占领了这座城市。反过来，国内当局试图将灾后的斯科普里重新想象成一个“团结之城”，一个跨集团合作的象征，一个“开放之城”——一个对国内和联邦内部移民开放的城市，也是跨南斯拉夫国家建设口号“兄弟情谊和团结”的缩影，-2001年的叛乱极大地改变了公众对地震后城市重建和人口政治的看法，这种叙事在2001年后马其顿的记忆政治中找到了一个特殊的据点。本文讨论了斯科普里地震后重建过程中被忽视的一个事件：1964年12月至1965年4月，作为波兰专家援助和联合国赞助的斯科普里城市项目筹备工作的一部分，在斯科普里人中进行了有史以来第一次大规模的社会学调查。尽管已发表的研究对当地家庭的经济和人口特征进行了独家描述，并揭示了该市的一些主要种族间问题，但它从未得到当局的适当对待，直到南斯拉夫解体，它才获得奖学金。因此，为了呈现这项跨国家努力的主要成果，我通过三角测量一组档案材料、对波兰和马其顿召集人的半结构化采访，以及关于斯科普里城市重建的次要文献，重建了史前史、实地调查和调查的直接结果。最后，我认为，这项调查——其实现、结果和后果——可以被解读为更好地了解斯科普里地震后历史和该市种族间关系的关键。波兰社会学专家自20世纪60年代中期以来在马其顿提供援助，1963年7月26日上午斯科普里的地震后种族关系史是该市遭受地震袭击的时刻一场灾难性地震造成1070人死亡，摧毁了三分之二的城市设施和基础设施。与政治无关的南斯拉夫政府立即宣布呼吁向这座被摧毁的城市提供援助，与此同时，该国已向全球80多个国家、联合国和其他国际组织做出了回应。这一重大举措促使国内当局重新考虑将地震后的斯科普里视为“团结之城”——跨集团合作的象征——和“开放之城”“——对国内移民和联邦内部移民开放，作为泛南斯拉夫国家密码“兄弟情谊和团结”的一个例子“然而，20世纪80年代种族间日益紧张的局势、南斯拉夫的崩溃和2001年的冲突促使公众对地震后重建和人口政策的看法发生了戏剧性的转变2001年后，马其顿的记忆政策尤其促进了这一点。本研究涉及斯科普里地震后重建中一个被忽视的事件：1964年12月至1965年4月，作为波兰对斯科普里地震后专家援助的一部分，以及为制定斯科普里总体规划而进行的大规模城市规划，-由联合国赞助。尽管已发表的研究包含了关于当地家庭生活的经济和人口状况的独家结果，以及对该市一些主要种族间问题的回顾，这项研究没有得到当局的必要关注，直到南斯拉夫解体，科学文献才忽视了这项研究。为了展示这个州际项目的主要成果，在这项工作中，我将重建史前史，-通过档案材料的三角测量进行的实地研究和社会学研究的初步结果，-对从事斯科普里城市更新研究工作和二级文献的波兰和马其顿研究人员进行半结构化采访。最后，我得出结论，本研究——它的实现，研究结果和随后的解释——可以被解读为更好地了解斯科普里地震后的历史和该市的种族关系的关键。公民有发言权。 第一次社会学研究，波兰社会学专家于20世纪60年代中期协助马其顿。地震后斯科普里20世纪和种族间关系的历史1965年7月26日，斯科普里的早晨，该市遭受了一场灾难性地震的袭击，造成1070名受害者（居民中的JS），并摧毁了三分之二的城市。南斯拉夫，一个没有参与的国家集团，立即要求对这座被毁的城市提供援助，来自世界各地的80个国家、联合国和其他国际组织对此作出了回应。[来自世界]的如此大规模的反应激发了地方当局在地震后将斯科普里重塑为一个“团结之城”——一个超越分裂的合作象征，一个对[共和国内部]和[南斯拉夫联邦内部]内部移民开放的“城市”，最后，作为斯拉夫全国性的建国口号“兄弟情谊与团结”的一个例子。然而，自20世纪80年代以来一直在增长。20世纪，种族间的紧张局势、南斯拉夫的解体和2001年的冲突使官方在地震后重建和人口政策方面发生了戏剧性的转变。2001年后，马其顿的纪念活动尤其促进了这种说法。这篇文章讲述了斯科普里地震后重建过程中一个被完全遗忘的插曲：[分析的主题将是]涵盖1965年12月至4月期间的第一项重大社会学研究，这是波兰专家在地震后为所谓的联合国资助的城市总体规划。尽管已发表的研究报告包含了关于当地家庭经济和人口生活水平的特殊数据，以及对该市主要种族间问题的概述，但它没有得到当局的必要关注，直到南斯拉夫解体，科学文献才注意到它。因此，我的文章的目的是介绍这个国际项目的主要研究成果，用三角测量法[使用许多研究技术]重建实地研究和第一个社会学结果[采访]：档案材料分析，此外，还需要提高年轻人的生活质量。最后，我证明，这一发展——它的实施、结果和预测——可以被解读为更好地理解斯科普里地震后的种族关系和历史的关键。此外，还有一些关于斯科普里城市再生的研究。最后，我证明，这一发展——它的实施、结果和预测——可以被解读为更好地理解斯科普里地震后的种族关系和历史的关键。
{"title":"Zbor imaat graǵanite: The First Sociological Study, the Polish Sociological Expert Aid to Macedonia in the Mid-1960s and the Post-Earthquake History of Interethnic Relations in Skopje","authors":"Naum Trajanovski","doi":"10.11649/ch.2583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11649/ch.2583","url":null,"abstract":"Zbor imaat graǵanite: The First Sociological Study, the Polish Sociological Expert Aid to Macedonia in the Mid-1960s and the Post-Earthquake History of Interethnic Relations in SkopjeOn the early morning of 26 July 1963, a calamitous earthquake struck the Macedonian capital of Skopje, taking the lives of 1,070 people and destroying more than two-thirds of the urban fabric. The politically non-aligned Yugoslav government immediately issued a call for help for the earthquake-torn city, which was picked up by more than eighty states across the globe, as well as the United Nations and other international organizations. The domestic authorities, in turn, sought to reimagine post-disaster Skopje as a “City of Solidarity,” a symbol of the trans-bloc cooperation, and an “Open City” – one open to domestic and intra-federal migrations and the epitome of the trans-Yugoslav state-building slogan of “brotherhood and unity.” However, the mounting interethnic tensions in the 1980s, the Yugoslav dissolution, and the 2001 insurgency dramatically shifted the public optics over the post-earthquake urban reconstruction and demographic politics – a narrative which found a particular stronghold in the memory politics of post-2001 Macedonia.construct their own interpretations of the social change.The present paper discusses one overlooked episode from the post-earthquake reconstruction of Skopje: from December 1964 to April 1965, the first ever large-scale sociological survey was conducted among Skopjans as part of the Polish expert aid and the preparations for the UN-sponsored Skopje Urban Project. Although the published study contained an exclusive portrayal of the economic and demographic features of the local households and revealed some of the major interethnic issues in the city, it never received proper treatment by the authorities and – up to the Yugoslav dissolution – in the scholarship. Thus, in order to present the major outcomes of this cross-national endeavor, I reconstruct the prehistory, the fieldwork and the immediate results of the survey by triangulating a set of archival materials, semi-structured interviews with its Polish and Macedonian conveners, and secondary literature on Skopje’s urban reconstruction. Finally, I argue that the survey – its realization, results and aftermath – can be read as a key to a better understanding of the post-earthquake history of Skopje and the interethnic relations in the city.Збор имаат граѓаните: Првата социолошка студија, полската социолошка експертска помош во Македонија од средината на 1960-тите и пост-земјотресната историја на меѓуетнички односи во СкопјеСкопското утро од 26 јули 1963 година е моментот кога градот беше погоден од катастрофален земјотрес што резултираше со 1070 жртви, а уништи и две третини од градските објекти и инфраструктура. Политички неврзаната југословенска влада веднаш објави повик за помош на разурнатиот град, на којшто, пак, одговорија преку 80 држави ширум светот, Обединетите нации и др","PeriodicalId":53744,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia Humanistica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45532317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Book Review: Marcel Thomas, Local Lives, Parallel Histories: Villagers and Everyday Life in the Divided GermanyThe article is a presentation of the newest book of Marcel Thomas. It is devoted to the question of how villagers in the postwar Germany use the past to construct their own interpretations of the social change. Recenze knihy: Marcel Thomas, Local Lives, Parallel Histories: Villagers and Everyday Life in the Divided Germany. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020Článek představuje novou knihu Marcela Thomase. Kniha se věnuje se otázce, jak vesničané v poválečném Německu využívají minulost ke konstrukci vlastních interpretací společenské změny.Marcel Thomas, Local Lives, Parallel Histories: Villagers and Everyday Life in the Divided Germany. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020.Artykuł jest prezentacją najnowszej książki Marcela Thomasa, która jest poświęcona kwestii wykorzystania przeszłości w procesie konstruowania własnych interpretacji procesów zmiany społecznej w powojennych Niemczech.
{"title":"Book Review: Marcel Thomas, Local Lives, Parallel Histories: Villagers and Everyday Life in the Divided Germany","authors":"J. Ira","doi":"10.11649/ch.2663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11649/ch.2663","url":null,"abstract":"Book Review: Marcel Thomas, Local Lives, Parallel Histories: Villagers and Everyday Life in the Divided GermanyThe article is a presentation of the newest book of Marcel Thomas. It is devoted to the question of how villagers in the postwar Germany use the past to construct their own interpretations of the social change. Recenze knihy: Marcel Thomas, Local Lives, Parallel Histories: Villagers and Everyday Life in the Divided Germany. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020Článek představuje novou knihu Marcela Thomase. Kniha se věnuje se otázce, jak vesničané v poválečném Německu využívají minulost ke konstrukci vlastních interpretací společenské změny.Marcel Thomas, Local Lives, Parallel Histories: Villagers and Everyday Life in the Divided Germany. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020.Artykuł jest prezentacją najnowszej książki Marcela Thomasa, która jest poświęcona kwestii wykorzystania przeszłości w procesie konstruowania własnych interpretacji procesów zmiany społecznej w powojennych Niemczech.","PeriodicalId":53744,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia Humanistica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42081505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Symbolic and Ritual Practices in the Post-Soviet Urban World: Symbolic Space and Festivity in the Cities of Eastern and Southern Ukraine, 1990s–2010sThe article examines symbolic and ritual practices in five cities of southern and eastern Ukraine – Dnipro, Donetsk, Zaporizhzhia, Odesa, and Kharkiv – during the 1990s to 2010s. The author considers the ways in which urban symbolic and ritual practices (primarily expressed in such symbolic forms as municipal ceremonies and festivals) are connected with the cultural and symbolic space of cities. First and foremost, these practices represent a kind of “symbolic mediators” of urban cultural memory and participate in the preservation, broadcasting, and actualization of the cultural semantics of the city. During the 1990s to 2010s, urban symbolic and ritual practices in Ukraine were characterized by efforts to leave behind the most objectionable manifestations of the Soviet culture of festivity and create a fundamentally new festive canon. To an extent, these developments were part of the so-called “decolonization of historical memory,” initiated by the central government and urban communities. Undoubtedly, they were facilitated by the ongoing socio-political transformations, particularly those connected with the Orange Revolution (2004) and Euromaidan Revolution (2013–2014), the Russian aggression against Ukraine, etc. At the same time, the transformation of the Soviet complex of symbolic and ritual practices progressed only slowly; the change of political regime did not lead to a large-scale “ceremonial revolution.” Modern Ukrainian festive culture involves a combination, often quite eclectic, of at least several elements: a “new” style of festivity, generally based on borrowed “Western” cultural patterns; “traditional” forms, stressing national aspects and attempting to revive pre-Soviet cultural models; and “Soviet” forms, which preserve the Soviet festive canon, often adapted and rethought within the framework of the new urban tradition. Overall, the process of constructing a new model of urban festivity in Ukraine is far from complete; this emerging cultural complex remains fluid and capable of “turning” towards the festive traditions of different historical periods. Символічні та ритуальні практики в пострадянському міському середовищі: символічний простір і святкування в містах Східної та Південної України протягом 1990–2010-х рр.Стаття присвячена дослідженню символічних і ритуальних практик п’яти міст Південної та Східної України – Дніпра, Донецька, Запоріжжя, Одеси та Харкова – протягом 1990–2010-х рр. Відзначається, що міські символічні та ритуальні практики (передовсім, виражені у таких символічних формах, як міські урочисті церемонії та свята) особливим чином пов’язані з культурно-символічним простором міста. Насамперед, вони являють собою своєрідні «символічні медіатори» культурної пам’яті міста та беруть участь у зберіганні, трансляції та актуалізації культурних смислів міста. Протягом 199
{"title":"Symbolic and Ritual Practices in the Post-Soviet Urban World: Symbolic Space and Festivity in the Cities of Eastern and Southern Ukraine, 1990s–2010s","authors":"Yevhen Rachkov","doi":"10.11649/ch.2521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11649/ch.2521","url":null,"abstract":"Symbolic and Ritual Practices in the Post-Soviet Urban World: Symbolic Space and Festivity in the Cities of Eastern and Southern Ukraine, 1990s–2010sThe article examines symbolic and ritual practices in five cities of southern and eastern Ukraine – Dnipro, Donetsk, Zaporizhzhia, Odesa, and Kharkiv – during the 1990s to 2010s. The author considers the ways in which urban symbolic and ritual practices (primarily expressed in such symbolic forms as municipal ceremonies and festivals) are connected with the cultural and symbolic space of cities. First and foremost, these practices represent a kind of “symbolic mediators” of urban cultural memory and participate in the preservation, broadcasting, and actualization of the cultural semantics of the city. During the 1990s to 2010s, urban symbolic and ritual practices in Ukraine were characterized by efforts to leave behind the most objectionable manifestations of the Soviet culture of festivity and create a fundamentally new festive canon. To an extent, these developments were part of the so-called “decolonization of historical memory,” initiated by the central government and urban communities. Undoubtedly, they were facilitated by the ongoing socio-political transformations, particularly those connected with the Orange Revolution (2004) and Euromaidan Revolution (2013–2014), the Russian aggression against Ukraine, etc. At the same time, the transformation of the Soviet complex of symbolic and ritual practices progressed only slowly; the change of political regime did not lead to a large-scale “ceremonial revolution.” Modern Ukrainian festive culture involves a combination, often quite eclectic, of at least several elements: a “new” style of festivity, generally based on borrowed “Western” cultural patterns; “traditional” forms, stressing national aspects and attempting to revive pre-Soviet cultural models; and “Soviet” forms, which preserve the Soviet festive canon, often adapted and rethought within the framework of the new urban tradition. Overall, the process of constructing a new model of urban festivity in Ukraine is far from complete; this emerging cultural complex remains fluid and capable of “turning” towards the festive traditions of different historical periods. Символічні та ритуальні практики в пострадянському міському середовищі: символічний простір і святкування в містах Східної та Південної України протягом 1990–2010-х рр.Стаття присвячена дослідженню символічних і ритуальних практик п’яти міст Південної та Східної України – Дніпра, Донецька, Запоріжжя, Одеси та Харкова – протягом 1990–2010-х рр. Відзначається, що міські символічні та ритуальні практики (передовсім, виражені у таких символічних формах, як міські урочисті церемонії та свята) особливим чином пов’язані з культурно-символічним простором міста. Насамперед, вони являють собою своєрідні «символічні медіатори» культурної пам’яті міста та беруть участь у зберіганні, трансляції та актуалізації культурних смислів міста. Протягом 199","PeriodicalId":53744,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia Humanistica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42444981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SkanderbegThis is the first translation into Polish of the poem Skanderbeg of Grigor Stavrev Prličev. The translation was annotated with historical and literary notes. Rzecz o SkanderbeguJest to pierwszy przekład na język polski poematu Grigora Stavreva Prličeva Skanderbeg. Przekład został uzupełniony o przypisy wyjaśniające kontekst historyczny i literacki.
{"title":"\"Rzecz o Skanderbegu\"","authors":"G. Prličev","doi":"10.11649/ch.2703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11649/ch.2703","url":null,"abstract":"SkanderbegThis is the first translation into Polish of the poem Skanderbeg of Grigor Stavrev Prličev. The translation was annotated with historical and literary notes. Rzecz o SkanderbeguJest to pierwszy przekład na język polski poematu Grigora Stavreva Prličeva Skanderbeg. Przekład został uzupełniony o przypisy wyjaśniające kontekst historyczny i literacki.","PeriodicalId":53744,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia Humanistica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47661754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heritage of Liminality: Remnants of the Military in the Istrian City of Pula in the Aftermath of Yugoslav SocialismThis article is devoted to the meanings of the liminality that shaped the (self-) perception of the Croatian city of Pula and came as a result of the long-term presence of the military (and heavy industry) in the city. The study discusses the modalities of cohabitation of the Yugoslav People’s Army and the citizens of Pula, who lived together, interacted, and shaped each other during the period of Yugoslav socialism, and highlights the consequences of this mutual shaping in the aftermath of the Yugoslav socialist project. In the ongoing process of Pula’s contentious urban transformation, in which several military and industrial facilities, complexes, and areas still wait for their new functions and new owners, the city’s military nature and liminality have been identified as a problem by authorities and policy makers: they see the material and immaterial traces of the presence of the military in the city as an “unwanted heritage”. In opposition to the view that Pula’s military (and industrial) heritage is a problem to be overcome/eliminated, the article argues for a more inclusive approach that would acknowledge the fact that this heritage is perceived by citizens as closely related to their city’s multicultural and working-class tradition, and that would recognize its potential to produce meanings, values, histories, and memories.Nasleđe liminalnosti: tragovi prisustva vojske u istarskom gradu Puli posle kraja jugoslovenskog socijalizmaČlanak se bavi liminalnošću koja u značajnoj meri oblikuje (samo) percepciju grada Pule u Hrvatskoj, a nastala je kao rezultat dugotrajnog prisustva vojske (i teške industrije) u ovom gradu. U njemu raspravljam o modalitetima kohabitacije Jugoslovenske narodne armije i građana Pule, koji su zajedno živeli i delili urbani prostor u periodu jugoslovenskog socijalizma, i osvetljavam posledice ove kohabitacije, deljenja i uzajamnosti vidljive u vreme nakon kraja jugoslovenskog socijalističkog projekta. U ambivalentnom procesu urbane transformacije Pule koji se upravo odvija, dok mnogi vojni i industrijski objekti, kompleksi i prostori još uvek čekaju na novu namenu i vlasnike, gradske vlasti i snovaoci urbane politike „vojni” identitet grada i njegovu liminalnost identifikuju kao problem: materijalni i nematerijalni tragovi prisustva vojske u gradu označavaju se kao “neželjena baština”. Nasuprot viđenju pulske vojne (i industrijske) baštine kao problema koji treba prevazići/eliminisati, u članku se zalažem za inkluzivniji pristup koji uzima u obzir činjenicu da građani Pule ovo nasleđe usko povezuju sa multikulturnim i radničkim identitetom grada, i koji prepoznaje potencijal tog nasleđa da proizvodi značenja, vrednosti, istorije i sećanja.Dziedzictwo liminalności: znaki obecności wojska w Puli na Istrii po upadku jugosłowiańskiego socjalizmuArtykuł porusza kwestię liminalności w znacznym stopniu kształtu
边际性遗产：南斯拉夫社会主义余波中伊斯特拉市军队的残余本文致力于探讨塑造克罗地亚普拉市（自我）认知的边际性的含义，以及军事（和重工业）在该市长期存在的结果。该研究讨论了南斯拉夫人民军和普拉公民的同居方式，他们在南斯拉夫社会主义时期生活在一起，相互影响，相互塑造，并强调了南斯拉夫社会主义项目后这种相互塑造的后果。在普拉有争议的城市转型过程中，一些军事和工业设施、综合体和地区仍在等待新的功能和新的所有者，当局和政策制定者认为，这座城市的军事性质和局限性是一个问题：他们将军队在这座城市存在的物质和非物质痕迹视为“不受欢迎的遗产”。与普拉的军事（和工业）遗产是一个需要克服/消除的问题的观点相反，文章主张采取一种更具包容性的方法，承认公民认为这种遗产与他们城市的多元文化和工人阶级传统密切相关，并认识到其产生意义、价值观、历史，和记忆。Nasle je e liminalnosti：tragovi pristusta vojske u istarskom gradu Puli posle kraja jugoslovenskog socijalizmaČlanak se bavi liminalnošću koja u značajnoj meri oblikuje（samo）percepciju grada Pule u Hrvatskoj，一位来自工业界的企业家。U njemu raspravljam o modalitima kohabitacije Jugolovenske narodne armije i gra je ana Pule，koji su zajednoživeli i delili urbani prostor U periodu jugolovenskog socijalizma，i osvetl javam posledice ove kohabitachije，deljenja i uzajamnosti vidljive U vreme nakon kraja jugolovinskog socizalističkog projekta。在城市转型的矛盾过程中，Pule koji se upo odvija、dok mnogi vojni i industrijski objekti、kompleksi i spastori jošuvek正在等待一个新的名字和头发，格拉德斯克·弗拉斯蒂（gradske vlasti i snovaoci urbane politike“vojni”identitet grada i njegovu liminalnot identification ju kao problem）：物质与物质之间的关系：。Nasuprot viřenju pulske vojne（i industrijske）baštine kao problema koji treba prevazići/eliminasi，učlanku se zalažem za inkluzivniji pristup koji uzima u obzirčinjenicu da grařani Pule ovo nasleŞe usko povezuju sa multiculturim i radničkim identitietom grada，i koji preoznaje potencijal tog nasleřa da proizvodi značenja，vrednosti，historije i sećanja.极限的遗产：南斯拉夫社会主义垮台后在伊斯特里亚普拉军事存在的迹象这篇文章提出了极限问题，它在很大程度上塑造了克罗地亚对普拉的（自动）看法，这是军事（和重工业）在这座城市长期存在的结果。在本文中，我讨论了南斯拉夫社会主义时期南斯拉夫人民军队和城市居民共享城市空间的问题，我还分析了南斯拉夫社会主义项目崩溃后这一时期可见的这种共存与合作的影响。在普拉城市空间转型的持续矛盾过程中，许多物体、综合体以及军事和工业场所都在等待目的的改变和新的所有者，与此同时，城市当局和城市政策制定者认为，城市的“军事”身份及其局限性是一个根本问题：军队在城市中存在的物质和无形痕迹被称为“不想要的遗产”。与人们普遍认为这一遗产是一个有待解决的问题相反，在我的文章中，我选择了一种更开放的方法，考虑到普拉居民的意见，他们将其融入了城市的多元文化和工人阶级身份；我还试图强调它在产生意义、价值观、历史和记忆的过程中的潜力。
{"title":"Heritage of Liminality: Remnants of the Military in the Istrian City of Pula in the Aftermath of Yugoslav Socialism","authors":"T. Petrović","doi":"10.11649/ch.2536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11649/ch.2536","url":null,"abstract":"Heritage of Liminality: Remnants of the Military in the Istrian City of Pula in the Aftermath of Yugoslav SocialismThis article is devoted to the meanings of the liminality that shaped the (self-) perception of the Croatian city of Pula and came as a result of the long-term presence of the military (and heavy industry) in the city. The study discusses the modalities of cohabitation of the Yugoslav People’s Army and the citizens of Pula, who lived together, interacted, and shaped each other during the period of Yugoslav socialism, and highlights the consequences of this mutual shaping in the aftermath of the Yugoslav socialist project. In the ongoing process of Pula’s contentious urban transformation, in which several military and industrial facilities, complexes, and areas still wait for their new functions and new owners, the city’s military nature and liminality have been identified as a problem by authorities and policy makers: they see the material and immaterial traces of the presence of the military in the city as an “unwanted heritage”. In opposition to the view that Pula’s military (and industrial) heritage is a problem to be overcome/eliminated, the article argues for a more inclusive approach that would acknowledge the fact that this heritage is perceived by citizens as closely related to their city’s multicultural and working-class tradition, and that would recognize its potential to produce meanings, values, histories, and memories.Nasleđe liminalnosti: tragovi prisustva vojske u istarskom gradu Puli posle kraja jugoslovenskog socijalizmaČlanak se bavi liminalnošću koja u značajnoj meri oblikuje (samo) percepciju grada Pule u Hrvatskoj, a nastala je kao rezultat dugotrajnog prisustva vojske (i teške industrije) u ovom gradu. U njemu raspravljam o modalitetima kohabitacije Jugoslovenske narodne armije i građana Pule, koji su zajedno živeli i delili urbani prostor u periodu jugoslovenskog socijalizma, i osvetljavam posledice ove kohabitacije, deljenja i uzajamnosti vidljive u vreme nakon kraja jugoslovenskog socijalističkog projekta. U ambivalentnom procesu urbane transformacije Pule koji se upravo odvija, dok mnogi vojni i industrijski objekti, kompleksi i prostori još uvek čekaju na novu namenu i vlasnike, gradske vlasti i snovaoci urbane politike „vojni” identitet grada i njegovu liminalnost identifikuju kao problem: materijalni i nematerijalni tragovi prisustva vojske u gradu označavaju se kao “neželjena baština”. Nasuprot viđenju pulske vojne (i industrijske) baštine kao problema koji treba prevazići/eliminisati, u članku se zalažem za inkluzivniji pristup koji uzima u obzir činjenicu da građani Pule ovo nasleđe usko povezuju sa multikulturnim i radničkim identitetom grada, i koji prepoznaje potencijal tog nasleđa da proizvodi značenja, vrednosti, istorije i sećanja.Dziedzictwo liminalności: znaki obecności wojska w Puli na Istrii po upadku jugosłowiańskiego socjalizmuArtykuł porusza kwestię liminalności w znacznym stopniu kształtu","PeriodicalId":53744,"journal":{"name":"Colloquia Humanistica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47663984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bilingualism (Multilingualism) in the Balkans: Bulgarian and Macedonian ExemplificationThe paper attempts to find a broader language and identity context for the output of Grigor Prličev (1830/31–1893), out of an obligation created by the first Polish translation of his poem Skanderbeg (1862, Σκενδέρμπεης), by Małgorzata Borowska (Colloquia Humanistica 10, 2021). Prličev’s dramatic language and identity choices had their roots in the multilingualism in the Balkans, and a complete change of civilisational and cultural orientation in Balkan cultures during the nineteenth century. The Bulgarian and Macedonian exemplification is preceded by a Serbian illustration with some references to the Greek.Problem bilingwizmu (wielojęzyczności) na Bałkanach. Egzemplifikacja bułgarska i macedońskaNiniejszy artykuł jest w istocie próbą znalezienia szerszego językowo-tożsamościowego kontekstu dla twórczości Grigora Prličeva (1830/31–1893), do czego zobowiązuje pierwszy polski przekład jego drugiego poematu Rzecz o Skanderbegu (1862, Σκενδέρμπεης), którego autorką jest Małgorzata Borowska („Colloquia Humanistica” 10, 2021). Dramatyczne wybory językowo-tożsamościowe Prličeva zakorzenione w wielojęzyczności Bałkanów w XIX wieku, były pochodną całkowitej zmiany orientacji cywilizacyjno-kulturowej w kulturach bałkańskich. Egzemplifikacja bułgarska i macedońska została poprzedzona ilustracją serbską z pewnymi odniesieniami do greckiego kontekstu.
巴尔干半岛的双语（多语）：保加利亚和马其顿的例子本文试图为格里戈尔·普里切夫（1830/31–1893）的作品找到一个更广泛的语言和身份背景，这是马的诗歌《Skanderbeg》（1862年，《Skenderbeis》）的首个波兰语译本所产生的义务（《人文学术讨论会》2021年10月）。Prličev戏剧性的语言和身份选择源于巴尔干半岛的多语制，以及九世纪巴尔干文化中文明和文化取向的彻底改变。在保加利亚和马其顿的例子中，塞尔维亚的一幅插图引用了希腊语。巴尔干地区的双语问题。事实上，这篇文章试图为格里戈尔·普里切夫（1830/31–1893）的作品寻找一个更广泛的语言和身份背景，这是他第二首诗Rzecz o Skanderbeg（1862，Skenderbeis）的第一次波兰语翻译所需要的，作者：Małgorzata Borowska（“人文主义座谈会”，2021年10月）。Prličev戏剧性的语言和身份选择植根于19世纪巴尔干半岛的多语制，是巴尔干文化文明和文化取向彻底改变的结果。保加利亚语和马其顿语的插图前面是塞尔维亚语的插图，其中提到了希腊语的背景。
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Studying the Post-Socialist City in Yugoslavia: An Examination of Multi-Disciplinary Methodologies and Theoretical ApproachesSince the end of the state-socialist era in the early 1990s – and effectively, since the end of the Yugoslav federation and the subsequent wars that had engulfed the Western Balkans for almost a decade – the study of the twentieth-century South-Eastern Europe has intensified. The scholarship on the region’s twentieth-century architecture has been prolific since the early years of the new millennium, and the new generation of urban and architectural scholars has further amplified this trend. However, an inquiry into the post-socialist city in Western Balkans has been relegated largely to the secondary position to the study of the Yugoslav modernist architecture and its role within the socio-political mechanisms of the Cold War era. In this discourse, the study of the post-socialist urban space remains lacking in architectural and urban history – it is mainly conducted within the methodological and theoretical frameworks of sociology, socio-cultural anthropology, and urban geography.To bridge this scholarly gap and identify possible new trajectories of inquiry, I probe into the different scholarship dealing with the post-socialist city and the urban, ideological, and social remnants of the state-socialist era in former Yugoslavia. I argue that the study of the multi-disciplinary nature of the scholarship examining the state-socialist and post-socialist city serves as a vital step in the more comprehensive understanding of the (post-)Yugoslav architectural space, its particulars, and idiosyncrasies. Methodologically, I identify and outline the different disciplinary strands in the study of the post-socialist space in general, and post-Yugoslav space in particular, followed by an analysis of the established discourses and their points of interference and overlap. By investigating qualitative methodologies and different theoretical approaches in the study of the Central-East European and Yugoslav post-socialist city, I explore the post-socialist urban space in former Yugoslavia in a wide-ranging manner, ultimately identifying conduits for future research.Istraživanje postsocijalističkog urbanog prostora u bivšoj Jugoslaviji: analiza multidiciplinarnih metodologija i teoretskih pristupaOd svršetka perioda komunizma u Evropi u ranim devedesetima—i tehnički, od raspada Jugoslavije i rata koji je obilježio posljednju deceniju dvadesetog stoljeća na Balkanu—stručni istraživački rad na temu jugoistočne Evrope se samo intenzivirao. Tematski akademski projekti posvećeni arhitekturi dvadesetog stoljeća su prisutni u nauci još od začetka novog milenija, a nova generacija istoričara arhitekture i urbanizma dodatno naglašava i širi već postojeće teme. Ipak, studij postsocijalističkog arhitektonskog perioda u gradovima zapadnog Balkana zauzima pak sekundarni položaj u odnosu na istraživačke djelatnosti posvećene arhitekturi modernizma u Jugo
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Heritage and the Post-Socialist City: Social and Cultural PerspectivesThe paper is a presentation of the latest volume of Colloquia Humanistica. The leading subject of heritage in the post-socialist city is largely commented on with reference to three major questions: the interplay of city planning and identity issues; symbolic practices and semiotic shifts in urban space; social practices and the functioning of local social networks. Concluding remarks draw attention to the intersection of memory studies and politics, as well as the issue of (dis)continuity, which is crucial for the stability and security of societies on the one hand, and for efficient change on the other.Dědictví a postsocialistické město: sociologická a kulturní perspektivaPříspěvek je prezentací nejnovějšího čísla Colloquia Humanistica. Jeho hlavní téma dědictví v postsocialistických městech je z velké části komentováno s odkazem na tři hlavní otázky týkající se podoby: vztahu mezi městským plánováním a otázkami identity; symbolických praktik a sémiotických posunů v městském prostoru; a sociálních praktik a fungování místních sociálních sítí. Závěrečné poznámky poukazují na průnik studia paměti a politiky, stejně jako na otázku (dis)kontinuity, klíčové na jedné straně pro stabilitu a bezpečnost společnosti, a na straně druhé pro její efektivní změnu.Dziedzictwo i miasto postsocjalistyczne w perspektywie socjologicznej i kulturowejArtykuł jest prezentacją najnowszego numeru „Colloquia Humanistica”. Główny temat dziedzictwa w miastach postsocjalistycznych został przedstawiony w odniesieniu do trzech zasadniczych pól tematycznych: relacji między planowaniem miejskim a kwestiami tożsamościowymi, praktyk symbolicznych i zachowań semiotycznych w przestrzeni miejskiej oraz praktyk w kontekście tworzenia się lokalnych sieci społecznych. Wnioski wskazują na wpływ pamięci oraz polityki, jak też kwestii (nie) ciągłości, na stabilność i bezpieczeństwo wspólnot miejskich z jednej strony, jak też na ich skuteczne przemiany z drugiej.
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Reinforcing Place Attachment Through its Disruption: An Ethnographic Example from the Solidarita Housing Estate in PragueThe Solidarita housing estate was built during the years 1946–1951 as one of the first post-war housing estates in Prague, former Czechoslovakia. Inspired by Scandinavian urban standards, architects designed Solidarita as an urban architectural experiment that combined innovative urban strategies, new technologies, collective approach, and cooperative financing. The socio-spatial structure of Solidarita was influenced by the ideology of socialism – the production of an egalitarian society through a centrally planned economy and collective ownership. As a result, the estate was self-sufficient and conducive to neighborly meetings, and it strengthened their relations through its form. The political transformation, commercialization, and privatization in the 1990s caused a gradual change of the socio-spatial image of the neighborhood. Some elements of the housing complex started to lose their original function and the community character of Solidarita could be jeopardized. Using the theoretical concept of place attachment and the concept of social production of place, the aim of this paper is to show how residents of the Solidarita housing estate in Prague are attached to the place of their home and neighborhood and how this attachment is reconceptualized through the post-socialist socio-spatial changes of the place.Posilování vztahu k místu skrz jeho narušení: etnografický příklad ze sídliště Solidarita v PrazeSídliště Solidarita bylo postaveno v letech 1946–1951 jako jedno z prvních poválečných sídlišť v Praze. Architekti, inspirováni skandinávskými urbanistickými standardy, postavili sídliště jako experiment, který kombinoval inovativní urbanistické strategie, nové technologie, principy kolektivního bydlení a družstevní financovnání. Do tehdejší podoby sídliště se rovněž promítla ideologie státního socialismu, jenž byl založen na centrálně plánováném ekonomickém systému a společném vlastnictví. V době svého vzniku měla být Solidarita místem, které svou prostorovou formou a soběstačností podporuje a posiluje sousedské vazby a vztah rezidentů k místu svého domova. Události po roce 1989, doprovázené procesem privatizace a komercionalizace, zapříčinily postupnou transformaci socio-prostorových charakteristik sousedství. Některé původní prvky sídliště ztratily svou původní funkci a spolu s postupnou individualizací začal být komunitní charakter sídliště ohrožován. Článek využívá teoretické koncepty přináležitost k místu (place attachment) a sociální produkce místa (social production of space). Jeho cílem je zjistit, jak a skrze co jsou rezidenti Solidarity připoutáni k místu svého domova a jak je tato přináležitost k místu re/konceptualizována v kontextu post-socialistické socio-prostorové transformace Solidarity. Wzmacnianie więzi z miejscem poprzez jej przekształcenie: etnograficzna analiza osiedla Solidarita w PradzeOsiedle Solid
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