Pub Date : 2021-03-30DOI: 10.15507/2658-4123.031.202101.143-160
V. Kupryashkin, A. S. Ulanov, M. G. Shlyapnikov, A. Gusev, V. I. Slavkin
Introduction. Farmers make extensive use of two-wheel tractors equipped with traction and drive interchangeable units. Two-wheel tractors are required to move evenly with minimal slip of the drive wheels on the soil. The tractive force on the drive wheels of the tillage unit is the decisive power factor in this case. An objective traction force value can be measured only by carrying out experimental studies. Materials and Methods. To determine the traction force on the drive wheels of the twowheel tractor, the design of the experimental stand was proposed and substantiated (RF patent for useful model No. 188610 “Movable module of the test stand”), and a methodology for planning and conducting a multifactor experiment to determine the traction force was developed. Results. As a result of the laboratory tests the calculation dependencies of the tractive force on the drive wheels of the Neva MB23-MultiAGRO Pro two-wheel tractor were obtained. Soil conditions, design and technological parameters, operating modes of the two-wheel tractor, and rolling resistance forces were taken into account. Discussion and Conclusion. The use of the developed regression models of the traction force under the condition of ensuring uniform movement with the minimum permissible slipping of the driving wheels of the two-wheel tractor on the soil will allow obtaining the permissible values of the two-tractor motion speed and form the zones of its most effective functioning.
{"title":"Experimental Stand Movable Module for Determining the Traction-Linked Properties of Wheel Engines and the Results of Laboratory Researches for Determining the Traction Force of Two-Wheel Tractors","authors":"V. Kupryashkin, A. S. Ulanov, M. G. Shlyapnikov, A. Gusev, V. I. Slavkin","doi":"10.15507/2658-4123.031.202101.143-160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15507/2658-4123.031.202101.143-160","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Farmers make extensive use of two-wheel tractors equipped with traction and drive interchangeable units. Two-wheel tractors are required to move evenly with minimal slip of the drive wheels on the soil. The tractive force on the drive wheels of the tillage unit is the decisive power factor in this case. An objective traction force value can be measured only by carrying out experimental studies.\u0000Materials and Methods. To determine the traction force on the drive wheels of the twowheel tractor, the design of the experimental stand was proposed and substantiated (RF patent for useful model No. 188610 “Movable module of the test stand”), and a methodology for planning and conducting a multifactor experiment to determine the traction force was developed.\u0000Results. As a result of the laboratory tests the calculation dependencies of the tractive force on the drive wheels of the Neva MB23-MultiAGRO Pro two-wheel tractor were obtained. Soil conditions, design and technological parameters, operating modes of the two-wheel tractor, and rolling resistance forces were taken into account.\u0000Discussion and Conclusion. The use of the developed regression models of the traction force under the condition of ensuring uniform movement with the minimum permissible slipping of the driving wheels of the two-wheel tractor on the soil will allow obtaining the permissible values of the two-tractor motion speed and form the zones of its most effective functioning.","PeriodicalId":53796,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Technologies and Systems","volume":"349 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75100112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.15507/2658-4123.030.202004.683-698
I. Kravchenko, Yri S. Migachev, Y. Kuznetsov, Alexandr М. Davydkin, M. Erofeev
Introduction. Rational recycling of agricultural machinery, which has reached the end of its service life, is an urgent problem of the modern agro-industrial complex. In this regard, using the physical model for recycling agricultural machinery, reached its service life, is a solution to the problem of resource recycling. Materials and Methods. The paired linear regression analysis method was used to conduct statistical research of experimental data and develop a regression model. The authors calculated the recyclability rate values for the entire agricultural machinery nomenclature and its average value through using regression equation. Results. Based on the analysis of indicators for technical condition of being recycled products, it was established that for developing a conceptual model of agricultural machinery recycling, it is preferable to use four main groups of indicators: technical condition, material capacity, manufacturability, and safety of components. The proposed group of indicators determines the possibility of recycling the machinery units. The results of researching the influence of indicators of design complexity, technical performance, condition, nomenclature and quantitative composition of agricultural machinery on the recyclability are presented. Discussion and Conclusion. According to the research results, a conceptual physical model for recyclability of agricultural machinery was developed that allows planning more effectively measures for recycling various types of agricultural machinery when conducting a comparative analysis of the entire nomenclature composition. The adopted restrictions allow estimating the technical condition and recyclability of agricultural machinery using the conceptual physical model of recyclability. The relationships between the storage time, complexity of technical performance, material capacity, quantitative composition (volume of recycling) and recyclability rate of agricultural machinery are revealed.
{"title":"Studying the Influence of the Technical Performance Complexity and the Nomenclature and Quantitative Composition of Agricultural Machinery on Its Recyclability Rate","authors":"I. Kravchenko, Yri S. Migachev, Y. Kuznetsov, Alexandr М. Davydkin, M. Erofeev","doi":"10.15507/2658-4123.030.202004.683-698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15507/2658-4123.030.202004.683-698","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Rational recycling of agricultural machinery, which has reached the end of its service life, is an urgent problem of the modern agro-industrial complex. In this regard, using the physical model for recycling agricultural machinery, reached its service life, is a solution to the problem of resource recycling.\u0000Materials and Methods. The paired linear regression analysis method was used to conduct statistical research of experimental data and develop a regression model. The authors calculated the recyclability rate values for the entire agricultural machinery nomenclature and its average value through using regression equation.\u0000Results. Based on the analysis of indicators for technical condition of being recycled products, it was established that for developing a conceptual model of agricultural machinery recycling, it is preferable to use four main groups of indicators: technical condition, material capacity, manufacturability, and safety of components. The proposed group of indicators determines the possibility of recycling the machinery units. The results of researching the influence of indicators of design complexity, technical performance, condition, nomenclature and quantitative composition of agricultural machinery on the recyclability are presented.\u0000Discussion and Conclusion. According to the research results, a conceptual physical model for recyclability of agricultural machinery was developed that allows planning more effectively measures for recycling various types of agricultural machinery when conducting a comparative analysis of the entire nomenclature composition. The adopted restrictions allow estimating the technical condition and recyclability of agricultural machinery using the conceptual physical model of recyclability. The relationships between the storage time, complexity of technical performance, material capacity, quantitative composition (volume of recycling) and recyclability rate of agricultural machinery are revealed.","PeriodicalId":53796,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Technologies and Systems","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91185540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.15507/2413-1407.113.028.202004.695-722
A. Fiapshev, E. Travkina, V. V. Poznyakov
Introduction. Inconsistency of the governmental regulatory impact on the socio-economic processes is one of the destructive factors in the increasing asymmetry of regional development. The decisions taken in the sphere of financial market regulation have provoked large-scale structural and quantitative changes in the banking system. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of the occurred transformation on regional development and to analyze the possibilities of reducing gaps in the volume of banking services provided in Russia’s regions as well as in the level of their socio-economic development. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted on the basis of data from the Central Bank of the Russian Federation and the Federal State Statistics Service. The results of the banking system transformation and the possible impact of the changes on regional development were assessed using the methods of scientific knowledge. When working with the empirical material, the methods of comparison, measurement and evaluation were used. Results. The authors have identified gaps in the level of socio-economic development of Russia’s regions. For a long time, a number of regions have demonstrated limited opportunities for self-development and to fulfil their potential. The acuteness of this problem can be smoothed out by the tools of bank regulation (e.g. lending). After the decrease in the number of regional banks, the banking services market has seen steady signs of oligopoly with a marked decline in price competition. Negative effects of this decline have been increasing at the regional level. Discussion and Conclusion. Regional socio-economic dynamics demonstrate high sensitivity to the reduction in the number of regional banks operating independently as well as to the decline in price competition in the banking services market. It is important that the regional component be taken into account in regulatory practices, including that applicable to the banking sector. Preservation of the regional segment of this system will help to solve a lot of problems at the local level and thus make a significant contribution to overcoming the gaps in the socio-economic development of the regions. The results of this study will be useful to managers of the Central Bank of Russia, as well as to regional and local authorities.
{"title":"Transformation of the Structure of the Russian Banking Sector: The Impact on Regional Development","authors":"A. Fiapshev, E. Travkina, V. V. Poznyakov","doi":"10.15507/2413-1407.113.028.202004.695-722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15507/2413-1407.113.028.202004.695-722","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Inconsistency of the governmental regulatory impact on the socio-economic processes is one of the destructive factors in the increasing asymmetry of regional development. The decisions taken in the sphere of financial market regulation have provoked large-scale structural and quantitative changes in the banking system. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of the occurred transformation on regional development and to analyze the possibilities of reducing gaps in the volume of banking services provided in Russia’s regions as well as in the level of their socio-economic development.\u0000\u0000Materials and Methods. The study was conducted on the basis of data from the Central Bank of the Russian Federation and the Federal State Statistics Service. The results of the banking system transformation and the possible impact of the changes on regional development were assessed using the methods of scientific knowledge. When working with the empirical material, the methods of comparison, measurement and evaluation were used.\u0000\u0000Results. The authors have identified gaps in the level of socio-economic development of Russia’s regions. For a long time, a number of regions have demonstrated limited opportunities for self-development and to fulfil their potential. The acuteness of this problem can be smoothed out by the tools of bank regulation (e.g. lending). After the decrease in the number of regional banks, the banking services market has seen steady signs of oligopoly with a marked decline in price competition. Negative effects of this decline have been increasing at the regional level.\u0000\u0000Discussion and Conclusion. Regional socio-economic dynamics demonstrate high sensitivity to the reduction in the number of regional banks operating independently as well as to the decline in price competition in the banking services market. It is important that the regional component be taken into account in regulatory practices, including that applicable to the banking sector. Preservation of the regional segment of this system will help to solve a lot of problems at the local level and thus make a significant contribution to overcoming the gaps in the socio-economic development of the regions. The results of this study will be useful to managers of the Central Bank of Russia, as well as to regional and local authorities.","PeriodicalId":53796,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Technologies and Systems","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84926211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.15507/2658-4123.030.202004.609-623
U. Vakhidov, A. Kurkin, L. S. Levshunov, Iuri I. Molev, Dmitriy N. Proshin, A. Sogin
Introduction. Improving the efficiency of agricultural operations and off-road logistics require new highly efficient non-road machinery with low pressure on road surface. The versatility of the use of this machinery imposes additional requirements on its design, including those related to road traffic safety on public roads. Changes in brake design are required to ensure safe braking performance when larger diameter wheels are used for the reason that to produce standard braking force according to the technical regulations for the safety of wheeled vehicles, requires more braking torque when using larger diameter wheels. Materials and Methods. The article proposes a model for calculating the braking parameters of transport and technological agricultural machines equipped with ultra-low pressure wheels. The model differs from those used earlier in that its output parameter is not the braking efficiency, but the time difference between the front and rear axle locks. Results. Fulfilling the condition of the front axle advance locking ensures the stability of the tractor motion during emergency braking that has a positive effect on road traffic safety. The results of the study suggest that to ensure the safe motion of the machines equipped with ultra-low pressure tires on public roads, it is necessary that the ratio of the distance from the center of mass to the front axle is at least not less than the distance from the center of mass to the road surface. Discussion and Conclusion. The proposed mathematical model has shown its adequacy. The obtained mathematical dependencies allow us to justify different technical solutions for ensuring safe road movement of transport and technological agricultural machines equipped with ultra-low pressure tires. Thus, the maximum permissible height of the center of mass can be assumed to be equal to 90% of the distance from the location of the center of mass of an agricultural transport and technological machine to its front (controlled) axis.
{"title":"Ensuring the Stability of Agricultural Transport and Technological Machines Equipped with Ultra-Low Pressure Tires during Braking","authors":"U. Vakhidov, A. Kurkin, L. S. Levshunov, Iuri I. Molev, Dmitriy N. Proshin, A. Sogin","doi":"10.15507/2658-4123.030.202004.609-623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15507/2658-4123.030.202004.609-623","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Improving the efficiency of agricultural operations and off-road logistics require new highly efficient non-road machinery with low pressure on road surface. The versatility of the use of this machinery imposes additional requirements on its design, including those related to road traffic safety on public roads. Changes in brake design are required to ensure safe braking performance when larger diameter wheels are used for the reason that to produce standard braking force according to the technical regulations for the safety of wheeled vehicles, requires more braking torque when using larger diameter wheels.\u0000Materials and Methods. The article proposes a model for calculating the braking parameters of transport and technological agricultural machines equipped with ultra-low pressure wheels. The model differs from those used earlier in that its output parameter is not the braking efficiency, but the time difference between the front and rear axle locks.\u0000Results. Fulfilling the condition of the front axle advance locking ensures the stability of the tractor motion during emergency braking that has a positive effect on road traffic safety. The results of the study suggest that to ensure the safe motion of the machines equipped with ultra-low pressure tires on public roads, it is necessary that the ratio of the distance from the center of mass to the front axle is at least not less than the distance from the center of mass to the road surface.\u0000Discussion and Conclusion. The proposed mathematical model has shown its adequacy. The obtained mathematical dependencies allow us to justify different technical solutions for ensuring safe road movement of transport and technological agricultural machines equipped with ultra-low pressure tires. Thus, the maximum permissible height of the center of mass can be assumed to be equal to 90% of the distance from the location of the center of mass of an agricultural transport and technological machine to its front (controlled) axis.","PeriodicalId":53796,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Technologies and Systems","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79685100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.15507/2413-1407.113.028.202004.801-822
R. V. Motkin, V. N. Motkin
Introduction. The relevance of the study consists in expanding theoretical developments in the field of economic sociology, in particular, in identifying the features of functioning of the institution of arbitration management in the Russian Federation in the 2020 crisis. The purpose of the study is to reveal the features of implementation of the powers of bankruptcy commissioners, as well as to scrutinize the socio-economic status of the professional group of bankruptcy commissioners in the crisis period of March – April 2020. Materials and Methods. In the course of the study, a secondary analysis of the latest Russian and foreign regulatory and legal framework governing the activities of the institution of bankruptcy during the crisis period of the first half of 2020 was carried out. In particular, statistics of insolvency procedures in 2018–2020, as well as draft legal acts related to bankruptcy were analyzed in the regional context and in regard to change in the status of the social and professional group of bankruptcy commissioners. Results. The factors influencing the functioning of the institution of arbitration management during the crisis period have been identified, the key ones of which are the lack of state support for specialists in the field of insolvency during a crisis period; controversial legislative initiatives; a steady increase in the conflict nature of insolvency procedures; high risk of bringing bankruptcy commissioners to justice without proper income growth; fragmentation of the professional community of bankruptcy commissioners. Discussion and Conclusion. The performed analysis made it possible to conclude that the introduction of a moratorium on bankruptcy, the lack of state support for the industry, as well as significant difficulties in exercising the powers of bankruptcy commissioners in the context of the crisis measures in the first half of 2020 had a significant negative impact on the socio-economic situation of the professional group of bankruptcy commissioners. Factors in the formation of the professional status of bankruptcy commissioners in the post-crisis period are the relevant issues for further research. The results of the study may be useful to scientists specializing in Economics and Law, to students attending anti-crisis management programs, as well as to specialists in the field of insolvency.
{"title":"Features of Functioning of the Institution of Arbitration Management in a Crisis: The Regional Aspect","authors":"R. V. Motkin, V. N. Motkin","doi":"10.15507/2413-1407.113.028.202004.801-822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15507/2413-1407.113.028.202004.801-822","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The relevance of the study consists in expanding theoretical developments in the field of economic sociology, in particular, in identifying the features of functioning of the institution of arbitration management in the Russian Federation in the 2020 crisis. The purpose of the study is to reveal the features of implementation of the powers of bankruptcy commissioners, as well as to scrutinize the socio-economic status of the professional group of bankruptcy commissioners in the crisis period of March – April 2020.\u0000\u0000Materials and Methods. In the course of the study, a secondary analysis of the latest Russian and foreign regulatory and legal framework governing the activities of the institution of bankruptcy during the crisis period of the first half of 2020 was carried out. In particular, statistics of insolvency procedures in 2018–2020, as well as draft legal acts related to bankruptcy were analyzed in the regional context and in regard to change in the status of the social and professional group of bankruptcy commissioners.\u0000\u0000Results. The factors influencing the functioning of the institution of arbitration management during the crisis period have been identified, the key ones of which are the lack of state support for specialists in the field of insolvency during a crisis period; controversial legislative initiatives; a steady increase in the conflict nature of insolvency procedures; high risk of bringing bankruptcy commissioners to justice without proper income growth; fragmentation of the professional community of bankruptcy commissioners.\u0000\u0000Discussion and Conclusion. The performed analysis made it possible to conclude that the introduction of a moratorium on bankruptcy, the lack of state support for the industry, as well as significant difficulties in exercising the powers of bankruptcy commissioners in the context of the crisis measures in the first half of 2020 had a significant negative impact on the socio-economic situation of the professional group of bankruptcy commissioners. Factors in the formation of the professional status of bankruptcy commissioners in the post-crisis period are the relevant issues for further research. The results of the study may be useful to scientists specializing in Economics and Law, to students attending anti-crisis management programs, as well as to specialists in the field of insolvency.","PeriodicalId":53796,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Technologies and Systems","volume":"265 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79735368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.15507/2413-1407.113.028.202004.823-842
G. Savchuk, I. Britvina, V. A. Frants
Introduction. The cultural rapprochement between Russia and the countries of Central Asian that are members of global alliances is facilitated by various social institutions, including the system of higher education. The article is of relevance as it analyzes the system of higher education in the context of cross-country interactions in terms of the theory of “soft power”. The purpose of the study is to assess the potential of higher education system as an element of “soft power” of the country in the cultural rapprochement of students from Central Asia and Russians. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted in April–June 2019 using the method of in-depth interview in Ekaterinburg, a Russian megalopolis with a high concentration of universities, attractive for educational migration from the countries of Central Asia in terms of geographical location and economic development. Twenty-two students and ten graduates of Ekaterinburg universities who came from this region were interviewed. The technique of typical case sampling was employed. Results. The following results of the impact of “soft power” of the system of higher education have been revealed: in the course of training, attractiveness of Russia, as the country of residence for students from the Central-Asian region, increases; the majority of students have chosen such a strategy of acculturation as integration into the host community; the education system has promoted specific cultural mechanisms for integration of migrants into the host community. Discussion and Conclusion. The obtained results make it is possible to assert, that the collective efforts of universities to increase their attractiveness for applicants and students from the Central-Asian region have promoted their loyalty to Russia as a whole, have affected further migratory plans, associated with residing in Russia, of a considerable part of students, and promote their cultural integration into the host community. The results may be useful for regional scientists to understand the opportunities and limitations of a deeper cultural rapprochement between people of different cultural background.
{"title":"Cultural Rapprochement of Russians and Students from the Countries of Central Asia as a Result of the Impact of “Soft Powerˮ of the Higher Education System","authors":"G. Savchuk, I. Britvina, V. A. Frants","doi":"10.15507/2413-1407.113.028.202004.823-842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15507/2413-1407.113.028.202004.823-842","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The cultural rapprochement between Russia and the countries of Central Asian that are members of global alliances is facilitated by various social institutions, including the system of higher education. The article is of relevance as it analyzes the system of higher education in the context of cross-country interactions in terms of the theory of “soft power”. The purpose of the study is to assess the potential of higher education system as an element of “soft power” of the country in the cultural rapprochement of students from Central Asia and Russians.\u0000\u0000Materials and Methods. The study was conducted in April–June 2019 using the method of in-depth interview in Ekaterinburg, a Russian megalopolis with a high concentration of universities, attractive for educational migration from the countries of Central Asia in terms of geographical location and economic development. Twenty-two students and ten graduates of Ekaterinburg universities who came from this region were interviewed. The technique of typical case sampling was employed.\u0000\u0000Results. The following results of the impact of “soft power” of the system of higher education have been revealed: in the course of training, attractiveness of Russia, as the country of residence for students from the Central-Asian region, increases; the majority of students have chosen such a strategy of acculturation as integration into the host community; the education system has promoted specific cultural mechanisms for integration of migrants into the host community.\u0000\u0000Discussion and Conclusion. The obtained results make it is possible to assert, that the collective efforts of universities to increase their attractiveness for applicants and students from the Central-Asian region have promoted their loyalty to Russia as a whole, have affected further migratory plans, associated with residing in Russia, of a considerable part of students, and promote their cultural integration into the host community. The results may be useful for regional scientists to understand the opportunities and limitations of a deeper cultural rapprochement between people of different cultural background.","PeriodicalId":53796,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Technologies and Systems","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85430093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.15507/2658-4123.030.202004.524-549
A. Popov
Introduction. For cultivated crops, the optimal form of spacing is square form, which is provided by the square cluster method of planting. Currently, due to the high metal consumption and low productivity, this method of planting has been replaced with a single-seed planting one. But this does not solve the problem of rational distribution of seeds in the field, so the problem of plant spacing with the use of the optimal square form of spacing is relevant. The aim of the study is to develop and analyze a simulation model of square cluster planting based on an algorithm for controlling the executive mechanisms of the seeder sections using devices for local coordination of the seeding apparatus. Materials and Methods. A programmable square cluster planting using local coordination of the seeding apparatus and an algorithm for its realization are considered. The article describes the construction of a simulation model of sowing planting in Simulink Matlab with justification of its elements. The seed spreading in furrows and the seeder variable speed are taken into account. The number of pulses per revolution of the encoder shaft is theoretically justified. Results. The graphs of the distance traveled, positions coordinates of the flap opening and control signals depending on the time are constructed. The analysis of the encoder settings is carried out. When varied the plant spacing and the coordinates of the first flap opening, the dimension of the last seed cluster changes in the range from –2.6 ∙ 10–3 to 2.7 ∙ 10–3 m. With the increase in the seeder speed from 1.5 to 3.0 m/s, the mathematical expectation of the seed cluster dimensions increase from 0.054 to 0.218 m, and the coefficient of variation decreases from 61.2 to 15.0%. Discussion and Conclusion. The analysis of the simulation model of the square cluster planting showed that the algorithm for controlling executive mechanisms together with the local coordination system works adequately and provides high precision of placing seed clusters in the field. The dependences of the optimal number of pulses per an encoder shaft revolution on the specified seed spacing and radius of the track measuring wheel are determined. It was determined that the maximum dimension of the last seed cluster does not exceed 2.7 mm per 1 000 m (for x = 0.3 m and t = 0.7 m). It was found that the precision of the distribution of seed clusters in the field is determined more by the seeder speed than by the settings of the measuring device.
介绍。对于栽培作物而言,最优的间距形式为方形,即种植的方形簇法。目前,由于金属消耗高,生产率低,这种种植方法已被单种种植方法所取代。但这并不能解决种子在田间合理分布的问题,因此植株间距的问题与使用最优间距的平方形式是相关的。本研究的目的是开发和分析一个基于算法的方形集束种植模拟模型,该算法利用播种机的局部协调装置控制播种机的执行机制。材料与方法。研究了一种利用播种机局部协调的可编程方形集束播种方法及其实现算法。本文介绍了在Simulink Matlab中建立一个播种种植仿真模型,并对其组成部分进行了论证。考虑了种子在犁沟中播撒和播种机的变速。编码器轴每转一圈的脉冲数在理论上是合理的。构造了移动距离、襟翼打开位置坐标和控制信号随时间的图。对编码器设置进行了分析。当植物间距和第一瓣开口坐标不同时,最后一簇种子的尺寸在-2.6∙10-3 ~ 2.7∙10-3 m之间变化。随着播种机速度从1.5 m/s增加到3.0 m/s,种子簇尺寸的数学期望值从0.054 m增加到0.218 m,变异系数从61.2降低到15.0%。讨论与结论。通过对广场集束播种仿真模型的分析,表明控制执行机构和局部协调系统的算法是有效的,能够提供较高的田间播种精度。确定了编码器轴每转一圈的最佳脉冲数与指定种子间距和轨道测量轮半径的关系。最后一个种子簇的最大尺寸不超过2.7 mm / 1000 m (x = 0.3 m和t = 0.7 m)。发现种子簇在田间分布的精度更多地取决于播种机的速度,而不是测量装置的设置。
{"title":"Simulation of Square Cluster Planting","authors":"A. Popov","doi":"10.15507/2658-4123.030.202004.524-549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15507/2658-4123.030.202004.524-549","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. For cultivated crops, the optimal form of spacing is square form, which is provided by the square cluster method of planting. Currently, due to the high metal consumption and low productivity, this method of planting has been replaced with a single-seed planting one. But this does not solve the problem of rational distribution of seeds in the field, so the problem of plant spacing with the use of the optimal square form of spacing is relevant. The aim of the study is to develop and analyze a simulation model of square cluster planting based on an algorithm for controlling the executive mechanisms of the seeder sections using devices for local coordination of the seeding apparatus.\u0000Materials and Methods. A programmable square cluster planting using local coordination of the seeding apparatus and an algorithm for its realization are considered. The article describes the construction of a simulation model of sowing planting in Simulink Matlab with justification of its elements. The seed spreading in furrows and the seeder variable speed are taken into account. The number of pulses per revolution of the encoder shaft is theoretically justified.\u0000Results. The graphs of the distance traveled, positions coordinates of the flap opening and control signals depending on the time are constructed. The analysis of the encoder settings is carried out. When varied the plant spacing and the coordinates of the first flap opening, the dimension of the last seed cluster changes in the range from –2.6 ∙ 10–3 to 2.7 ∙ 10–3 m. With the increase in the seeder speed from 1.5 to 3.0 m/s, the mathematical expectation of the seed cluster dimensions increase from 0.054 to 0.218 m, and the coefficient of variation decreases from 61.2 to 15.0%.\u0000Discussion and Conclusion. The analysis of the simulation model of the square cluster planting showed that the algorithm for controlling executive mechanisms together with the local coordination system works adequately and provides high precision of placing seed clusters in the field. The dependences of the optimal number of pulses per an encoder shaft revolution on the specified seed spacing and radius of the track measuring wheel are determined. It was determined that the maximum dimension of the last seed cluster does not exceed 2.7 mm per 1 000 m (for x = 0.3 m and t = 0.7 m). It was found that the precision of the distribution of seed clusters in the field is determined more by the seeder speed than by the settings of the measuring device.","PeriodicalId":53796,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Technologies and Systems","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87662682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.15507/2658-4123.030.202004.550-575
N. N. Barysheva, S. Pronin, D. D. Baryshev, V. Belyaev
Introduction. Spring wheat yield depends largely on the wheat variety, seed quality, cultivation technology, and agro-climatic factors. It has been found that the separation of wheat seeds into fractions makes it possible to improve the quality of post-harvest processing, adjust the quality of grain depending on the intended use, and the sowing of the wheat grains divided into fractions allows increasing productivity. The aim of the article is to explore the membrane potential on the shells of wheat grains divided into fractions according to their aerodynamic properties and to compare certain membrane potential features with aerodynamic properties of these grains and the yields of selected varieties. Materials and Methods. The seeds, divided into fractions, have different sowing qualities. Biologically deficient seeds have poor germination index. The study have found that the division of seeds into fractions contributes to increasing yields, but the main indicators of quality are still germination and viability, for this reason an approach has been developed to determine the quality of wheat seeds divided into fractions. Results. This article studies the change in membrane potential of wheat seeds, divided into fractions according to their aerodynamic properties. The article presents the results of testing a new clamping electrode with a smooth surface to measure the membrane potential of wheat gains. To study the effect of the wheat variety, the aerodynamic properties of grains and yield on changes in membrane potential, we analyzed three indices: the resting potential level, time of variable potential rise to the maximum value and variable potential maximum value. Discussion and Conclusion. New informative indicators have been determined because of the two-way analysis of variance of the research results. These indicators reliably reflect the aerodynamic properties of seeds and can be used to predict yields. The use of the obtained results will allow agricultural enterprises and farms to determine the quality of post-harvest processing of wheat seeds, adjust the quality depending on the intended use, and evaluate and forecast the productivity of seeds.
{"title":"Comparing the Membrane Potential of Wheat Grains of Different Varieties and Productivity Divided into Fractions According to Their Aerodynamic Properties","authors":"N. N. Barysheva, S. Pronin, D. D. Baryshev, V. Belyaev","doi":"10.15507/2658-4123.030.202004.550-575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15507/2658-4123.030.202004.550-575","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Spring wheat yield depends largely on the wheat variety, seed quality, cultivation technology, and agro-climatic factors. It has been found that the separation of wheat seeds into fractions makes it possible to improve the quality of post-harvest processing, adjust the quality of grain depending on the intended use, and the sowing of the wheat grains divided into fractions allows increasing productivity. The aim of the article is to explore the membrane potential on the shells of wheat grains divided into fractions according to their aerodynamic properties and to compare certain membrane potential features with aerodynamic properties of these grains and the yields of selected varieties.\u0000Materials and Methods. The seeds, divided into fractions, have different sowing qualities. Biologically deficient seeds have poor germination index. The study have found that the division of seeds into fractions contributes to increasing yields, but the main indicators of quality are still germination and viability, for this reason an approach has been developed to determine the quality of wheat seeds divided into fractions.\u0000Results. This article studies the change in membrane potential of wheat seeds, divided into fractions according to their aerodynamic properties. The article presents the results of testing a new clamping electrode with a smooth surface to measure the membrane potential of wheat gains. To study the effect of the wheat variety, the aerodynamic properties of grains and yield on changes in membrane potential, we analyzed three indices: the resting potential level, time of variable potential rise to the maximum value and variable potential maximum value.\u0000Discussion and Conclusion. New informative indicators have been determined because of the two-way analysis of variance of the research results. These indicators reliably reflect the aerodynamic properties of seeds and can be used to predict yields. The use of the obtained results will allow agricultural enterprises and farms to determine the quality of post-harvest processing of wheat seeds, adjust the quality depending on the intended use, and evaluate and forecast the productivity of seeds.","PeriodicalId":53796,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Technologies and Systems","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90316653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.15507/2413-1407.113.028.202004.723-753
O. Bakhlova, I. Bakhlov
Introduction. In the processes of nation building and integration, it is particularly important to increase the consolidation potential of emerging communities through identity politics. The totality of challenges, threats and risks determines the need for a balanced combination of its dimensions, taking into account national and common interests of countries. In the post-Soviet space, the Union State of Belarus and Russia acts as a platform for dialogue. The aim of the study is to outline the contours of the construct of supranational identity within the framework of the Union State and to define the degree of its conjugation with the category of “national identityˮ in the discursive practices of the political leadership of Russia and Belarus. Materials and Methods. The study is based on official documents representing the specifics of interpretation of identity politics by the presidents of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus, as well as on materials associated with the functioning of the Union State. Content analysis, the comparative method, and scenario analysis were employed when examining the documents. Results. The research and expert assessments of the internal and external dimensions of the identity politics of the member states, as well as the basic and derived categories of the official discourse have been analyzed; the constants and dominants, similarities and differences in the stands of Russia and Belarus have been revealed. It has also been demonstrated that there has been no fundamental contradiction in their understanding of the priorities of nation and Union building. At the same time, disagreements on a number of topical issues have been identified. The leitmotif of the official discourse is giving absolute priority to sovereignty, which has an ambiguous effect on the course of the integration of Russia and Belarus. Discussion and Conclusion. The conducted study has confirmed the hypothesis that identity politics is multilevel for the states involved in integration-oriented interaction; at the current stage, it remains complex and incomplete. The states demonstrate prevalence of the internal dimension of identity politics and “restrictiveˮ perception of its external dimension, which affects the prospects for promoting the construct of “dualˮ identity. At the same time, the Union State remains an essential integration format for Russia from the geopolitical and civilizational perspective. The approach proposed by the authors and the results obtained, which articulate the correlation of tasks in terms of nation building and integration policy, may help to improve the efficiency of political governance.
{"title":"Identity Politics in the Context of Nation Building and Integration-Oriented Interaction: The Case of the Union State of Belarus and Russia","authors":"O. Bakhlova, I. Bakhlov","doi":"10.15507/2413-1407.113.028.202004.723-753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15507/2413-1407.113.028.202004.723-753","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. In the processes of nation building and integration, it is particularly important to increase the consolidation potential of emerging communities through identity politics. The totality of challenges, threats and risks determines the need for a balanced combination of its dimensions, taking into account national and common interests of countries. In the post-Soviet space, the Union State of Belarus and Russia acts as a platform for dialogue. The aim of the study is to outline the contours of the construct of supranational identity within the framework of the Union State and to define the degree of its conjugation with the category of “national identityˮ in the discursive practices of the political leadership of Russia and Belarus.\u0000\u0000Materials and Methods. The study is based on official documents representing the specifics of interpretation of identity politics by the presidents of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus, as well as on materials associated with the functioning of the Union State. Content analysis, the comparative method, and scenario analysis were employed when examining the documents.\u0000\u0000Results. The research and expert assessments of the internal and external dimensions of the identity politics of the member states, as well as the basic and derived categories of the official discourse have been analyzed; the constants and dominants, similarities and differences in the stands of Russia and Belarus have been revealed. It has also been demonstrated that there has been no fundamental contradiction in their understanding of the priorities of nation and Union building. At the same time, disagreements on a number of topical issues have been identified. The leitmotif of the official discourse is giving absolute priority to sovereignty, which has an ambiguous effect on the course of the integration of Russia and Belarus.\u0000\u0000Discussion and Conclusion. The conducted study has confirmed the hypothesis that identity politics is multilevel for the states involved in integration-oriented interaction; at the current stage, it remains complex and incomplete. The states demonstrate prevalence of the internal dimension of identity politics and “restrictiveˮ perception of its external dimension, which affects the prospects for promoting the construct of “dualˮ identity. At the same time, the Union State remains an essential integration format for Russia from the geopolitical and civilizational perspective. The approach proposed by the authors and the results obtained, which articulate the correlation of tasks in terms of nation building and integration policy, may help to improve the efficiency of political governance.","PeriodicalId":53796,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Technologies and Systems","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87052733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.15507/2658-4123.030.202004.711-722
L. Khoroshko, P. Kuznetsov
Introduction. The aim of the study is to develop the basic principles for digitalization of the processes of providing the diagnostics and repair of agricultural machinery. Materials and Methods. The specifics of agricultural machinery functioning are work in worst-on-worst operating conditions, such as significant abrasive contamination (soil particles, dust and other substances), operation in the conditions of exposure to natural climatic conditions, intensive use during the work shift and other factors that result in a regular need for testing and repairing. These factors significantly extend the time of maintenance and repair works. The study of the information environment for planning the distribution of agricultural machinery by repair enterprises has showed that the methods of this activity are not sufficiently developed. The authors propose a solution to the problem of rational distribution of agricultural machinery for repair and rehabilitation. Results. This article describes the main principles for developing structural relationships of databases used to find rational solutions for organizing repair and rehabilitation of agricultural machinery. Due to the fact that the solution of such a problem is time-consuming and is carried out under conditions that dynamically change over time, a mathematical model for the production environment of repair organizations is proposed, which is implemented by means of computer technology. The requirements for models describing the state of the production system of repair organizations are defined. A model of a generalized production system is proposed. Discussion and Conclusion. The model developed by the authors allows increasing the automation level of processes of distributing agricultural machinery by repair enterprises. The implementation of a new approach to planning repair works and distributing repairable agricultural machinery by repair enterprises will increase the efficiency of repair works, improve their quality parameters, reduce time, and optimize the structure of technological equipment of repair enterprises.
{"title":"Digitalization of Agricultural Machinery Rehabilitation","authors":"L. Khoroshko, P. Kuznetsov","doi":"10.15507/2658-4123.030.202004.711-722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15507/2658-4123.030.202004.711-722","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The aim of the study is to develop the basic principles for digitalization of the processes of providing the diagnostics and repair of agricultural machinery.\u0000Materials and Methods. The specifics of agricultural machinery functioning are work in worst-on-worst operating conditions, such as significant abrasive contamination (soil particles, dust and other substances), operation in the conditions of exposure to natural climatic conditions, intensive use during the work shift and other factors that result in a regular need for testing and repairing. These factors significantly extend the time of maintenance and repair works. The study of the information environment for planning the distribution of agricultural machinery by repair enterprises has showed that the methods of this activity are not sufficiently developed. The authors propose a solution to the problem of rational distribution of agricultural machinery for repair and rehabilitation.\u0000Results. This article describes the main principles for developing structural relationships of databases used to find rational solutions for organizing repair and rehabilitation of agricultural machinery. Due to the fact that the solution of such a problem is time-consuming and is carried out under conditions that dynamically change over time, a mathematical model for the production environment of repair organizations is proposed, which is implemented by means of computer technology. The requirements for models describing the state of the production system of repair organizations are defined. A model of a generalized production system is proposed.\u0000Discussion and Conclusion. The model developed by the authors allows increasing the automation level of processes of distributing agricultural machinery by repair enterprises. The implementation of a new approach to planning repair works and distributing repairable agricultural machinery by repair enterprises will increase the efficiency of repair works, improve their quality parameters, reduce time, and optimize the structure of technological equipment of repair enterprises.","PeriodicalId":53796,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Technologies and Systems","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80458389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}