The article is focused on an analysis of British-Irish relations in 1921. From the British point of view, the best solution to the conflict seemed to be the granting of Dominion status. It was based on the assumption that the British Empire represented the largest community of free sister nations in the world. On the contrary, Irish officials did not have the confidence to participate in various colonial or imperial projects because they considered themselves a victim of British colonialism. The question of the accepting of the Dominion status divided the Irish political scene into supporters and opponents of the Anglo-Irish treaty. Supporters of the agreement calmed their own sympathizers by claiming that freedom and equality derive directly from Dominion status. However, the lack of precise determination of the rights and duties of the Dominions was a complication of the situation. The question arises as to whether negotiations on reconciliation between Britain and Ireland led from the British and Irish perspectives, in the context of the then unclear situation of what precisely it means to be a Dominion, to a fair solution to the British-Irish Disputes.
{"title":"Accepting Dominion Status as a Way of Reconciliation of British-Irish Disputes?","authors":"J. Valkoun","doi":"10.3366/BRW.2021.0359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/BRW.2021.0359","url":null,"abstract":"The article is focused on an analysis of British-Irish relations in 1921. From the British point of view, the best solution to the conflict seemed to be the granting of Dominion status. It was based on the assumption that the British Empire represented the largest community of free sister nations in the world. On the contrary, Irish officials did not have the confidence to participate in various colonial or imperial projects because they considered themselves a victim of British colonialism. The question of the accepting of the Dominion status divided the Irish political scene into supporters and opponents of the Anglo-Irish treaty. Supporters of the agreement calmed their own sympathizers by claiming that freedom and equality derive directly from Dominion status. However, the lack of precise determination of the rights and duties of the Dominions was a complication of the situation. The question arises as to whether negotiations on reconciliation between Britain and Ireland led from the British and Irish perspectives, in the context of the then unclear situation of what precisely it means to be a Dominion, to a fair solution to the British-Irish Disputes.","PeriodicalId":53867,"journal":{"name":"Britain and the World","volume":"86 3 1","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82784710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Jonathan Boff, Haig's Enemy: Crown Prince Rupprecht and Germany's War on the Western Front","authors":"Justin Quinn Olmstead","doi":"10.3366/BRW.2021.0366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/BRW.2021.0366","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53867,"journal":{"name":"Britain and the World","volume":"42 1","pages":"103-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78190800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Between 1968 and 1971, Yugoslavia experienced a prolonged series of protests dubbed the ‘Croatian Spring’. Britain was initially concerned that the Soviets would invade Yugoslavia, thereby upsetting the region's geopolitical balance. Protest against Tito's regime had liberal, Marxist and nationalist elements and, although some sympathy in Britain existed with the former in 1968, this gradually changed to fear of separatism, particularly as it was conflated with the memory of the fascist Ustaše regime. That these factors were aligned, however, impeded one of Britain's prime objectives, Yugoslav unity. British foreign policy towards Yugoslavia during this period aptly shows how it acted as a status quo power.
{"title":"Yugoslavia's Liberal Opportunity: British Foreign Policy and the ‘Croatian Spring’, 1968–1974","authors":"R. Ledger","doi":"10.3366/brw.2020.0349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/brw.2020.0349","url":null,"abstract":"Between 1968 and 1971, Yugoslavia experienced a prolonged series of protests dubbed the ‘Croatian Spring’. Britain was initially concerned that the Soviets would invade Yugoslavia, thereby upsetting the region's geopolitical balance. Protest against Tito's regime had liberal, Marxist and nationalist elements and, although some sympathy in Britain existed with the former in 1968, this gradually changed to fear of separatism, particularly as it was conflated with the memory of the fascist Ustaše regime. That these factors were aligned, however, impeded one of Britain's prime objectives, Yugoslav unity. British foreign policy towards Yugoslavia during this period aptly shows how it acted as a status quo power.","PeriodicalId":53867,"journal":{"name":"Britain and the World","volume":"6 1","pages":"168-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82543814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
More than 3,000 emigrants took up the New Zealand Company's offer of a free or assisted passage to Nelson, the company's Second Colony of New Zealand, from 1841 to 1844 – but did they stay? This article outlines an academic project that combines genealogy techniques and sources with more conventional research, in order to reveal new information about colonial migrants who are often ‘invisible’ in historical accounts. These were predominantly poor English families (with some Germans, Scots and Irish), and they were part of the earliest stages of British colonisation of New Zealand. Genealogy websites such as Ancestry and FamilySearch proved to be central to this research. They provided a gateway to an astonishing amount of information that could ‘locate’ an individual or family, tying them to a certain place, without the researcher knowing which place to look for. This project highlights some of the limitations and dangers of using genealogy methods and sources in academic research – as well as what might be gained. The results suggest that this kind of hybrid methodology incorporating genealogy research can be used successfully within an academic study. In this project, the intricacies of colonial family networks were illuminated, even though the subjects were poor and continued to move around. Surprisingly high levels of mobility were identified, and this was true of women and children as well as men. These findings suggests that using genealogy to trace patterns of colonial mobility is not only important to gain an understanding of individual lives but may also contribute significantly to a better understanding of the larger processes of migration, colonisation and the history of colonial ‘places’.
{"title":"Dangerous Ground or Rich New Research Methods? Using Digital Genealogy to Trace Colonial Mobility","authors":"Sue McCliskie","doi":"10.3366/brw.2020.0346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/brw.2020.0346","url":null,"abstract":"More than 3,000 emigrants took up the New Zealand Company's offer of a free or assisted passage to Nelson, the company's Second Colony of New Zealand, from 1841 to 1844 – but did they stay? This article outlines an academic project that combines genealogy techniques and sources with more conventional research, in order to reveal new information about colonial migrants who are often ‘invisible’ in historical accounts. These were predominantly poor English families (with some Germans, Scots and Irish), and they were part of the earliest stages of British colonisation of New Zealand. Genealogy websites such as Ancestry and FamilySearch proved to be central to this research. They provided a gateway to an astonishing amount of information that could ‘locate’ an individual or family, tying them to a certain place, without the researcher knowing which place to look for. This project highlights some of the limitations and dangers of using genealogy methods and sources in academic research – as well as what might be gained. The results suggest that this kind of hybrid methodology incorporating genealogy research can be used successfully within an academic study. In this project, the intricacies of colonial family networks were illuminated, even though the subjects were poor and continued to move around. Surprisingly high levels of mobility were identified, and this was true of women and children as well as men. These findings suggests that using genealogy to trace patterns of colonial mobility is not only important to gain an understanding of individual lives but may also contribute significantly to a better understanding of the larger processes of migration, colonisation and the history of colonial ‘places’.","PeriodicalId":53867,"journal":{"name":"Britain and the World","volume":"15 2 1","pages":"105-125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77374463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Front matter","authors":"","doi":"10.3366/brw.2020.0344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/brw.2020.0344","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53867,"journal":{"name":"Britain and the World","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81366977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Seeking ‘A Fair Field’ for Women in the Legal Profession: Pioneering Women Lawyers from Burma of 1924-19351","authors":"Li Chen, Yi Li","doi":"10.3366/brw.2020.0356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/brw.2020.0356","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53867,"journal":{"name":"Britain and the World","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84916942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cecilia Morgan, Travellers through Empire: Indigenous Voyages from Early Canada","authors":"Darren R. Reid","doi":"10.3366/brw.2020.0353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/brw.2020.0353","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53867,"journal":{"name":"Britain and the World","volume":"41 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89155797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Back matter","authors":"","doi":"10.3366/brw.2020.0355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/brw.2020.0355","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53867,"journal":{"name":"Britain and the World","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78996473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the search of world order after the Cold War, two conflicts were of particular significance. The first, in Kosovo in 1999, was fought to end the Serbian genocide of Kosovar Albanians. The second, in Iraq in 2003, was a war of choice ostensibly to remove the threat of Saddam Hussein's Iraqi regime and the weapons of mass destruction it supposedly held. Although distinct, these wars were joined as attempts by the United States governments of Bill Clinton and George W. Bush, either side of the 9/11 attacks, to answer the questions of how, and for what purposes, the US should use its power, and what form of international order it should seek. One foreign leader, the British Prime Minister Tony Blair, sought to influence the Americans in answering these questions. As a result, the Anglo-American relationship was once again important in shaping the course of global affairs. Why and how the wars produced cooperation between two US presidents and Blair, and how ideas about international order featured, are the subjects of this article.
在冷战后寻求世界秩序的过程中，有两场冲突具有特别重要的意义。第一次发生在1999年的科索沃，是为了结束塞尔维亚人对科索沃阿尔巴尼亚人的种族灭绝。第二次是2003年的伊拉克战争，这是一场选择性战争，表面上是为了消除萨达姆•侯赛因(Saddam Hussein)政权的威胁，以及据称该政权拥有的大规模杀伤性武器。尽管这两场战争各不相同，但它们都是比尔•克林顿(Bill Clinton)和乔治•w•布什(George W. Bush)领导的美国政府(9/11袭击的双方)试图联合起来的，目的是回答美国应该如何以及为了什么目的使用其力量，以及它应该寻求何种形式的国际秩序。一位外国领导人，英国首相托尼·布莱尔，试图影响美国人回答这些问题。因此，英美关系在塑造全球事务进程方面再次发挥了重要作用。两场战争为何以及如何促成了两位美国总统与布莱尔之间的合作，以及有关国际秩序的理念是如何形成的，这些都是本文的主题。
{"title":"The Search for World Order and the Wars in Kosovo and Iraq","authors":"J. Ellison","doi":"10.3366/brw.2020.0357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/brw.2020.0357","url":null,"abstract":"In the search of world order after the Cold War, two conflicts were of particular significance. The first, in Kosovo in 1999, was fought to end the Serbian genocide of Kosovar Albanians. The second, in Iraq in 2003, was a war of choice ostensibly to remove the threat of Saddam Hussein's Iraqi regime and the weapons of mass destruction it supposedly held. Although distinct, these wars were joined as attempts by the United States governments of Bill Clinton and George W. Bush, either side of the 9/11 attacks, to answer the questions of how, and for what purposes, the US should use its power, and what form of international order it should seek. One foreign leader, the British Prime Minister Tony Blair, sought to influence the Americans in answering these questions. As a result, the Anglo-American relationship was once again important in shaping the course of global affairs. Why and how the wars produced cooperation between two US presidents and Blair, and how ideas about international order featured, are the subjects of this article.","PeriodicalId":53867,"journal":{"name":"Britain and the World","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75422081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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