Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.5325/willcarlwillrevi.39.1.0001
Emily Mitchell Wallace†
This previously unpublished essay by the late author argues that male biographers of Williams have been unfair in their accounts of the women in Williams’s life and counters claims commonly made in previous Williams biographies concerning the nature of Williams’s relationship with specific female friends. Williams’s relationship to his wife, Florence Williams is also seen to be built on mutual understanding and loyalty despite published claims of infidelity which are directly refuted here by focusing in detail on the nature of Williams’s relationships with, in particular, Evelyn Scott, Nancy Cunard, Myra Marini, Kathleen Hoagland, Baroness Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven and Marion Strobel. The use by Williams’s most recent biographer, Herbert Leibowitz, of poems as “biographical evidence” to support his claims is also countered through close readings of the same poems.
{"title":"“All the Girls”","authors":"Emily Mitchell Wallace†","doi":"10.5325/willcarlwillrevi.39.1.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/willcarlwillrevi.39.1.0001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This previously unpublished essay by the late author argues that male biographers of Williams have been unfair in their accounts of the women in Williams’s life and counters claims commonly made in previous Williams biographies concerning the nature of Williams’s relationship with specific female friends. Williams’s relationship to his wife, Florence Williams is also seen to be built on mutual understanding and loyalty despite published claims of infidelity which are directly refuted here by focusing in detail on the nature of Williams’s relationships with, in particular, Evelyn Scott, Nancy Cunard, Myra Marini, Kathleen Hoagland, Baroness Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven and Marion Strobel. The use by Williams’s most recent biographer, Herbert Leibowitz, of poems as “biographical evidence” to support his claims is also countered through close readings of the same poems.","PeriodicalId":53869,"journal":{"name":"WILLIAM CARLOS WILLIAMS REVIEW","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42834965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.5325/willcarlwillrevi.39.1.0078
Zhan-ru Yang
ABSTRACT:This essay aims to investigate William Carlos Williams's interaction with Chinese landscape aesthetics by arguing that he adapted an idea of seeing prevalent in Chinese landscape poetry into his own poetics. Seeing, meaning zhiguan (直观 direct observation and perception), is an important way of accessing nature's "sufficiency" in Daoist philosophy. Williams blends the idea of seeing into his important collection Sour Grapes, which prompted him to theorize it further in the prose fragments of Spring and All. Seeing and sufficiency are rephrased by Ezra Pound as "direct treatment of the thing" and "completeness," and are developed by Williams far beyond Pound's applications into his work, notably in Williams's two versions of "The Locust Tree in Flower."
{"title":"Landscape and Seeing in Williams's Poetry: A Chinese Perspective","authors":"Zhan-ru Yang","doi":"10.5325/willcarlwillrevi.39.1.0078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/willcarlwillrevi.39.1.0078","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:This essay aims to investigate William Carlos Williams's interaction with Chinese landscape aesthetics by arguing that he adapted an idea of seeing prevalent in Chinese landscape poetry into his own poetics. Seeing, meaning zhiguan (直观 direct observation and perception), is an important way of accessing nature's \"sufficiency\" in Daoist philosophy. Williams blends the idea of seeing into his important collection Sour Grapes, which prompted him to theorize it further in the prose fragments of Spring and All. Seeing and sufficiency are rephrased by Ezra Pound as \"direct treatment of the thing\" and \"completeness,\" and are developed by Williams far beyond Pound's applications into his work, notably in Williams's two versions of \"The Locust Tree in Flower.\"","PeriodicalId":53869,"journal":{"name":"WILLIAM CARLOS WILLIAMS REVIEW","volume":"39 1","pages":"104 - 78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45028907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.5325/willcarlwillrevi.39.1.0059
Elin Käck
ABSTRACT:This article analyzes Williams's use of foreign words, primarily in Kora in Hell, as well as his employment of signs in various poems, in order to consider his poetic response to a consumerist society characterized by inequality. Drawing on Adorno's theory on the use of foreign words, this article argues that Williams crafts his challenge to the entanglement between market forces and language in part through recourse to foreign languages. Moreover, within the overall frame of a socially inequitable consumer culture, the article discusses Williams's inclusion of wandering or immobile figures, such as vagrants, and his own conflicted position in relation to these presences in his poems. The insertion of foreign words and the inclusion of socially marginalized, wandering figures are here, together with procedures of citation and collage, seen as employed in order to expose the ways in which we are bound by a language that is made to serve consumerism and market forces and which only art has the capacity to challenge.
{"title":"Signs of Language Beyond Calculation: Williams's Use of Foreign Languages, Citation and Collage against Consumerism","authors":"Elin Käck","doi":"10.5325/willcarlwillrevi.39.1.0059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/willcarlwillrevi.39.1.0059","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:This article analyzes Williams's use of foreign words, primarily in Kora in Hell, as well as his employment of signs in various poems, in order to consider his poetic response to a consumerist society characterized by inequality. Drawing on Adorno's theory on the use of foreign words, this article argues that Williams crafts his challenge to the entanglement between market forces and language in part through recourse to foreign languages. Moreover, within the overall frame of a socially inequitable consumer culture, the article discusses Williams's inclusion of wandering or immobile figures, such as vagrants, and his own conflicted position in relation to these presences in his poems. The insertion of foreign words and the inclusion of socially marginalized, wandering figures are here, together with procedures of citation and collage, seen as employed in order to expose the ways in which we are bound by a language that is made to serve consumerism and market forces and which only art has the capacity to challenge.","PeriodicalId":53869,"journal":{"name":"WILLIAM CARLOS WILLIAMS REVIEW","volume":"39 1","pages":"59 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46227179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.5325/willcarlwillrevi.39.1.0105
Luke Sayers
ABSTRACT:This essay examines William Carlos Williams's relationship to economic, cultural, and political nationalism. First, it argues that Williams's fascination with the Social Credit movement was rooted in the nationalist paradigm of economics of C.H. Douglas and Friedrich List. This section also examines archival letters between Williams and literary critic and founder of the American Social Credit Movement Gorham Munson in order to uncover some of Williams's motivations and values that led him to sympathize with economic and cultural nationalism. The essay then provides a close reading of Williams's poem "Pastoral [When I was younger]" in order to show how his political and economic nationalist ideology influenced his aesthetics, particularly in the way that Williams imagines communities in his poetry. By analyzing both his economics and poetry, this essay concludes that Williams was more closely tied to broader ideological trends toward nationalism in early twentiethcentury thinking than has often been thought, thereby revising current understandings of the politics of modernism.
{"title":"Jefferson's Rebel: William Carlos Williams and Nationalism","authors":"Luke Sayers","doi":"10.5325/willcarlwillrevi.39.1.0105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/willcarlwillrevi.39.1.0105","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:This essay examines William Carlos Williams's relationship to economic, cultural, and political nationalism. First, it argues that Williams's fascination with the Social Credit movement was rooted in the nationalist paradigm of economics of C.H. Douglas and Friedrich List. This section also examines archival letters between Williams and literary critic and founder of the American Social Credit Movement Gorham Munson in order to uncover some of Williams's motivations and values that led him to sympathize with economic and cultural nationalism. The essay then provides a close reading of Williams's poem \"Pastoral [When I was younger]\" in order to show how his political and economic nationalist ideology influenced his aesthetics, particularly in the way that Williams imagines communities in his poetry. By analyzing both his economics and poetry, this essay concludes that Williams was more closely tied to broader ideological trends toward nationalism in early twentiethcentury thinking than has often been thought, thereby revising current understandings of the politics of modernism.","PeriodicalId":53869,"journal":{"name":"WILLIAM CARLOS WILLIAMS REVIEW","volume":"39 1","pages":"105 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49497675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.5325/WILLCARLWILLREVI.38.1.0001
Rebekah Taylor-Wiseman
abstract:This article argues that Williams’s Spring and All vacillates between two contradictory temporalities indicative of the Anthropocene 1) the disorienting experience of rapid technological and environmental change, what we might call compressed time, and 2) a deep-time-awareness of the human species as geological agent whose extinction will one day be measurable by the products of our imagination recorded in the fossil layer (increased CO2 and plastics, for example). The imagination accounts for our greatest failures and our only hope, and “This is its book” (CP1 178), Williams tells us. As he employs his reader’s imagination to consider a variety of contradictory temporal scales, he anticipates the condition of the Anthropocene where the blink of an eye and millions of years clash, and humans-as geological-force determine the livability of our planet for both our ancestors and future kin.
{"title":"Spring and All’s Anthropocenic Collage: Compressed Time, Deep Time, and the Urgency of Imagination","authors":"Rebekah Taylor-Wiseman","doi":"10.5325/WILLCARLWILLREVI.38.1.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/WILLCARLWILLREVI.38.1.0001","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:This article argues that Williams’s Spring and All vacillates between two contradictory temporalities indicative of the Anthropocene 1) the disorienting experience of rapid technological and environmental change, what we might call compressed time, and 2) a deep-time-awareness of the human species as geological agent whose extinction will one day be measurable by the products of our imagination recorded in the fossil layer (increased CO2 and plastics, for example). The imagination accounts for our greatest failures and our only hope, and “This is its book” (CP1 178), Williams tells us. As he employs his reader’s imagination to consider a variety of contradictory temporal scales, he anticipates the condition of the Anthropocene where the blink of an eye and millions of years clash, and humans-as geological-force determine the livability of our planet for both our ancestors and future kin.","PeriodicalId":53869,"journal":{"name":"WILLIAM CARLOS WILLIAMS REVIEW","volume":"38 1","pages":"1 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46463646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.5325/WILLCARLWILLREVI.38.1.0021
Karen M. Cardozo
abstract:Expanding on the concept of essaying democracy as evinced in the post/modern intertextual relations between Williams, Maxine Hong Kingston and Richard Rodriguez around In the American Grain, this article deploys a similar intertextual approach to illuminate a related mode of poetic history enacted by Williams, Walter Benjamin, Joshua Corey and Susan Howe. Linking Benjamin’s philosophy of history, the concept of aura in the work of art, theory of translation and related notions of tactility, it argues that the transtemporal kinship of these different writers is forged by a shared understanding of poetic history as a countervailing force to the limits of empiricism and dangers of official history—an aesthetic and ethical mode of translation that, however fleetingly, strives to touch the truth of the past.
{"title":"“Ambiguous Paths of Kinship”: Poetic History in Williams, Benjamin, Corey, and Howe","authors":"Karen M. Cardozo","doi":"10.5325/WILLCARLWILLREVI.38.1.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/WILLCARLWILLREVI.38.1.0021","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:Expanding on the concept of essaying democracy as evinced in the post/modern intertextual relations between Williams, Maxine Hong Kingston and Richard Rodriguez around In the American Grain, this article deploys a similar intertextual approach to illuminate a related mode of poetic history enacted by Williams, Walter Benjamin, Joshua Corey and Susan Howe. Linking Benjamin’s philosophy of history, the concept of aura in the work of art, theory of translation and related notions of tactility, it argues that the transtemporal kinship of these different writers is forged by a shared understanding of poetic history as a countervailing force to the limits of empiricism and dangers of official history—an aesthetic and ethical mode of translation that, however fleetingly, strives to touch the truth of the past.","PeriodicalId":53869,"journal":{"name":"WILLIAM CARLOS WILLIAMS REVIEW","volume":"38 1","pages":"21 - 53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43481478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.5325/WILLCARLWILLREVI.38.1.0054
Cureton
abstract:This article provides a complete reading of the rhythm and form of William Carlos Williams’s 1930 “Poem” (As the cat), using “temporal poetics,” a theory of poetic form based on rhythm. Rhythm is defined as having four major components—meter, grouping, prolongation, and theme—and it is the contrasting qualities of these rhythmic components that are the basis of poetic form. Poetic form is paradigmatic, organized into leveled quadratures whose levels, across paradigms, “correspond.” Corresponding forms create different “temporalities”—cyclical, centrodial, linear, and relative—which “correspond” to forms with the same organization in context, both world and mind.
{"title":"Of Cats and Adverbs: An Analysis in Temporal Poetics of “Poem” by William Carlos Williams","authors":"Cureton","doi":"10.5325/WILLCARLWILLREVI.38.1.0054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/WILLCARLWILLREVI.38.1.0054","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:This article provides a complete reading of the rhythm and form of William Carlos Williams’s 1930 “Poem” (As the cat), using “temporal poetics,” a theory of poetic form based on rhythm. Rhythm is defined as having four major components—meter, grouping, prolongation, and theme—and it is the contrasting qualities of these rhythmic components that are the basis of poetic form. Poetic form is paradigmatic, organized into leveled quadratures whose levels, across paradigms, “correspond.” Corresponding forms create different “temporalities”—cyclical, centrodial, linear, and relative—which “correspond” to forms with the same organization in context, both world and mind.","PeriodicalId":53869,"journal":{"name":"WILLIAM CARLOS WILLIAMS REVIEW","volume":"38 1","pages":"54 - 71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48359973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-03DOI: 10.5325/willcarlwillrevi.37.2.0119
C. Giorcelli
{"title":"Remembering Emily","authors":"C. Giorcelli","doi":"10.5325/willcarlwillrevi.37.2.0119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/willcarlwillrevi.37.2.0119","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53869,"journal":{"name":"WILLIAM CARLOS WILLIAMS REVIEW","volume":"37 1","pages":"119 - 120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48102035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-03DOI: 10.5325/willcarlwillrevi.37.2.0234
Simon D. Trüb
{"title":"William Carlos Williams Bibliography 2019","authors":"Simon D. Trüb","doi":"10.5325/willcarlwillrevi.37.2.0234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/willcarlwillrevi.37.2.0234","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53869,"journal":{"name":"WILLIAM CARLOS WILLIAMS REVIEW","volume":"37 1","pages":"234 - 236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42959377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-03DOI: 10.5325/willcarlwillrevi.37.2.0121
E. Wallace
abstract :In this article reprinted from the William Carlos Williams Review 8.1 (Spring 1982): 8–41, the author traces the relationship between William Gratwick and his wife Harriet and the Williamses focusing on the impact on Williams of the farm at Gratwick Highlands in Linwood. The importance of nature and the pastoral to Williams's creative life as well as his health is emphasized, which he experienced intensely here through, in particular, Bill Gratwick's enthusiasm for the cultivation of tree peonies. The author subsequently reflects on the importance of this experience to Williams's writing of poems such as "The Yellow Tree Peony," a poem unpublished in Williams's lifetime, as well as reflecting on Williams's use of nature and nature writing in his battle with depression.
{"title":"Musing in the Highlands and Valleys: The Poetry of Gratwick Farm","authors":"E. Wallace","doi":"10.5325/willcarlwillrevi.37.2.0121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/willcarlwillrevi.37.2.0121","url":null,"abstract":"abstract :In this article reprinted from the William Carlos Williams Review 8.1 (Spring 1982): 8–41, the author traces the relationship between William Gratwick and his wife Harriet and the Williamses focusing on the impact on Williams of the farm at Gratwick Highlands in Linwood. The importance of nature and the pastoral to Williams's creative life as well as his health is emphasized, which he experienced intensely here through, in particular, Bill Gratwick's enthusiasm for the cultivation of tree peonies. The author subsequently reflects on the importance of this experience to Williams's writing of poems such as \"The Yellow Tree Peony,\" a poem unpublished in Williams's lifetime, as well as reflecting on Williams's use of nature and nature writing in his battle with depression.","PeriodicalId":53869,"journal":{"name":"WILLIAM CARLOS WILLIAMS REVIEW","volume":"37 1","pages":"121 - 167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44193182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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