Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5114/hivar.2021.109256
M. Zareipour, Ehsan M. Ehsan
{"title":"Effectiveness of telehealth in preventing coronavirus disease in patients with HIV","authors":"M. Zareipour, Ehsan M. Ehsan","doi":"10.5114/hivar.2021.109256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2021.109256","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53943,"journal":{"name":"HIV & AIDS Review","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87344046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5114/hivar.2021.111877
A. Dehghan, Z. Heidari, J. Karimi, A. Jafarnezhad, Sanaz Atef, H. Sharifi, M. Farjam
Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess validity and reliability of Persian version of quality of life (QOL) questionnaire in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (WHOQOL-HIV-BREF). Material and methods: A total of 150 HIV/AIDS patients who were referred to Fasa and Larestan Beha vioral Disease Counseling Centers were recruited into the study. WHOQOL-HIV-BREF questionnaire was completed by trained interviewers. Reliability of questionnaire was measured using Cronbach’s a coefficient. Construct validity was assessed by item-scale correlation method, and criterion validity was determined with discriminant validity and convergent validity. Results: Cronbach’s α was computed above 0.8 for all dimensions of the questionnaire. Item-convergent validity ranged from 0.38 to 0.83. QOL score was higher in AIDS patients compared with HIV-infected individuals in all dimensions (p < 0.01). Conclusions: The findings of this study show that WHOQOL-HIV-BREF questionnaire provide acceptable validity and reliability for measuring QOL among Persian-speaking HIV/AIDS-infected patients in Iran. HIV AIDS Rev 2021; 20, 4: 270-274 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2021.111877
{"title":"Validity and reliability of Persian version of quality of life questionnaire in people living with HIV/AIDS (WHOQOL-HIV-BREF)","authors":"A. Dehghan, Z. Heidari, J. Karimi, A. Jafarnezhad, Sanaz Atef, H. Sharifi, M. Farjam","doi":"10.5114/hivar.2021.111877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2021.111877","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess validity and reliability of Persian version of quality of life (QOL) questionnaire in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (WHOQOL-HIV-BREF). Material and methods: A total of 150 HIV/AIDS patients who were referred to Fasa and Larestan Beha vioral Disease Counseling Centers were recruited into the study. WHOQOL-HIV-BREF questionnaire was completed by trained interviewers. Reliability of questionnaire was measured using Cronbach’s a coefficient. Construct validity was assessed by item-scale correlation method, and criterion validity was determined with discriminant validity and convergent validity. Results: Cronbach’s α was computed above 0.8 for all dimensions of the questionnaire. Item-convergent validity ranged from 0.38 to 0.83. QOL score was higher in AIDS patients compared with HIV-infected individuals in all dimensions (p < 0.01). Conclusions: The findings of this study show that WHOQOL-HIV-BREF questionnaire provide acceptable validity and reliability for measuring QOL among Persian-speaking HIV/AIDS-infected patients in Iran. HIV AIDS Rev 2021; 20, 4: 270-274 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2021.111877","PeriodicalId":53943,"journal":{"name":"HIV & AIDS Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89787952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5114/hivar.2021.111545
Seyedahmad Seyedalinaghi, B. Farhoudi, Parvin Afsar Kazerooni, Mohammad Mehdi Gouya, Z. Najafi, A. Haghdoost, H. Sharifi, Katayoun Tayeri, Hengameh Namdari Tabar, N. Ghalekhani, O. Dadras
{"title":"Gaps and solutions of HIV testing, care, and treatment in Iran during 2018-2019","authors":"Seyedahmad Seyedalinaghi, B. Farhoudi, Parvin Afsar Kazerooni, Mohammad Mehdi Gouya, Z. Najafi, A. Haghdoost, H. Sharifi, Katayoun Tayeri, Hengameh Namdari Tabar, N. Ghalekhani, O. Dadras","doi":"10.5114/hivar.2021.111545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2021.111545","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53943,"journal":{"name":"HIV & AIDS Review","volume":"227 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77471280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5114/HIVAR.2021.108699
Rita Rocio Marquez Diaz
Introduction: Tobacco and alcohol consumption has a significant negative impact on health of indi viduals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); however, there is little research on using these substances in this specific cohort. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with the consumption of tobacco and alcohol in adult population living with HIV as well as the clinicalepidemiological characteristics of the sample. Material and methods: A crosssectional study was carried out with 381 participants diagnosed with HIV, whose information on smoking and alcohol habits, adherence to treatments, sociodemographic data, and lifestyles were collected through both electronic and printed questionnaires. Results: The results showed that half of the individuals were smokers, with significant percentage having a moderate or high motivation to quit smoking. Moreover, it was observed that the participants classified in the group of high alcohol consumption with AUDIT test were less adherent to pharmaco logical treatment. On the other hand, it should be noted that 49.3% of the sample suffered from some pathology, with cardiovascular disease being the most prevalent. Conclusions: Therefore, from a clinical point of view and due to the abovementioned reasons, it seems essential to address the consumption of tobacco and alcohol in individuals living with HIV. Along with proper health education and support offered, it can positively influence their lives in gen eral, and at the same time, provide better HIV control.
{"title":"Prevalence of tobacco and alcohol consumption and associated factors in adults living with HIV infection","authors":"Rita Rocio Marquez Diaz","doi":"10.5114/HIVAR.2021.108699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/HIVAR.2021.108699","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Tobacco and alcohol consumption has a significant negative impact on health of indi viduals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); however, there is little research on using these substances in this specific cohort. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with the consumption of tobacco and alcohol in adult population living with HIV as well as the clinicalepidemiological characteristics of the sample. Material and methods: A crosssectional study was carried out with 381 participants diagnosed with HIV, whose information on smoking and alcohol habits, adherence to treatments, sociodemographic data, and lifestyles were collected through both electronic and printed questionnaires. Results: The results showed that half of the individuals were smokers, with significant percentage having a moderate or high motivation to quit smoking. Moreover, it was observed that the participants classified in the group of high alcohol consumption with AUDIT test were less adherent to pharmaco logical treatment. On the other hand, it should be noted that 49.3% of the sample suffered from some pathology, with cardiovascular disease being the most prevalent. Conclusions: Therefore, from a clinical point of view and due to the abovementioned reasons, it seems essential to address the consumption of tobacco and alcohol in individuals living with HIV. Along with proper health education and support offered, it can positively influence their lives in gen eral, and at the same time, provide better HIV control.","PeriodicalId":53943,"journal":{"name":"HIV & AIDS Review","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72694463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5114/hivar.2021.109558
T. Kamalikhah, Mehran Akbari, Maede Parhode, L. Sabzmakan, Razieh Khosrorad, A. Mehri
Introduction: Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are one of the health concerns of the new century and likelihood of morbidity in young people is high. Knowledge and attitude about these diseases and demographic characteristics of people have and important role in reduction of their incidence and prevalence. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between demographic variables and knowledge, attitude and practice of young people regarding STDs Material and methods: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study, 500 students including were participated in 2018. Cluster random sampling was applied through the selection of various universities and colleges in 5 Azad units: North, South, East, West and Center of Tehran. Students were studying in art, human science, engineering, base science etc., majoring in B.A. and B.Sc. degrees. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. Its validity was confirmed by content and face validity. Reliability was assessed using the test-re-test method. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 software and descriptive and analytical statistical tests such as t test and ANOVA. Results: There was no significant relationship between students’ mean knowledge and gender (p = 0.434), but relationships of attitude and practice (risk and preventive) with gender (p < 0.001) and knowledge, and attitude (p < 0.001) with marital status were observed, female gender being associated with better attitude and practice and married women having better knowledge and attitude. The ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test and the least significant difference (LSD) test showed no significant difference between the students of Azad University and their field of study with their knowledge. Conclusions: Intervention in the study population was needed in order to increase awareness, change attitude and reduce risky behaviors and integrate education of sexually transmitted diseases in the academic curriculum. On the other hand, the establishment of valid websites, weblogs and valid channels in social media by medical universities is recommended because students reported Internet and social media as the most common way of getting information about STDs, with the focus on male students and single students, who need more education and attention. Students reported the Internet Address for correspondence: Ali Mehri, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Sabzevar university of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran, e-mail: hadimehri1386@gmail.com Article history: Received: 18.04.2020 Received in revised form: 26.11.2020 Accepted: 05.03.2021 Available online: 30.08.2021 ORIGINAL PAPER Tahereh Kamalikhah, Mehran Akbari, Maede Parhode, Leila Sabzmakan, Razieh Khosrorad, Ali Mehri 202 HIV & AIDS Review 2021/Volume 20/Number 3 sex workers [10]. Information from East Africa about knowledge of STDs amongst university students remains sketchy. In Cameroon 70% of the university students knew about STDs but only 16.1% co
性传播疾病(STDs)是新世纪的健康问题之一，在年轻人中发病率很高。对这些疾病的认识和态度以及人们的人口特征对降低其发病率和流行率具有重要作用。因此，本研究旨在评估人口统计学变量与青少年性传播疾病知识、态度和行为之间的关系。材料和方法:本研究为描述性横断面研究，2018年共有500名学生参与。采用整群随机抽样的方法，在德黑兰北部、南部、东部、西部和中部5个阿扎德单位选择不同的大学和学院。学生就读艺术、人文科学、工程、基础科学等专业，专业为学士、学士学位。数据收集工具是研究人员制作的问卷。通过内容效度和面效度验证了其效度。采用测试-再测试法评估信度。数据分析采用SPSS 21版软件，采用描述性和分析性统计检验，如t检验和方差分析。结果:学生的平均知识与性别无显著相关(p = 0.434)，态度、行为(风险、预防)与性别、知识有显著相关(p < 0.001)，态度与婚姻状况有显著相关(p < 0.001)，女性的态度、行为较好，已婚女性的知识、态度较好。ANOVA、Kruskal-Wallis检验和LSD检验显示，阿扎德大学的学生与他们所学的专业和知识之间没有显著差异。结论:需要对研究人群进行干预，以提高认识，改变态度，减少危险行为，并将性传播疾病教育纳入学术课程。另一方面，建议医科大学在社交媒体上建立有效的网站、博客和有效的渠道，因为学生反映互联网和社交媒体是获取性病信息的最常见方式，主要针对男生和单身学生，他们需要更多的教育和关注。通讯地址:Ali Mehri, Sabzevar医科大学健康教育与健康促进系，Sabzevar，伊朗，e-mail: hadimehri1386@gmail.com文章历史:收稿日期:18.04.2020收稿日期:26.11.2020收稿日期:05.03.2021可在线查阅:30.08.2021 Tahereh Kamalikhah, Mehran Akbari, Maede Parhode, Leila Sabzmakan, Razieh Khosrorad, Ali Mehri 202 HIV & AIDS Review 2021/第20卷/第3期性工作者[10]。来自东非的关于大学生性传播疾病知识的信息仍然很粗略。在喀麦隆，70%的大学生知道性传播疾病，但只有16.1%的大学生能说出常见性传播疾病的临床特征。大学生的性行为方式普遍滞后于对性病预防和安全套使用的知识和态度[11]。在伊朗，约30%的人口年龄在10-24岁之间，大多数性疏忽(55.6%)发生在16 - 21岁之间[12]。在一项针对伊朗年轻单身男性的研究中，超过四分之一的人有过性接触史。在马什哈德进行的另一项研究显示，在大学生生活的任何时期，婚前性行为的发生率为15%;男性33%，女性8%。另一方面，Farahani等人的一项研究表明，德黑兰大学的女本科生中某种类型的性关系的患病率更高，为23%。在伊朗，性传播感染的实际流行率远高于官方数据，并且与伊朗青年性生殖健康相关的少数记录研究表明，生殖健康知识水平很低[13]。伊朗政府决策者对向青少年提供生殖健康和性健康服务持怀疑态度，因为伊朗青少年生殖健康和性健康的概念尚不成熟，且存在争议[14]。在世界范围内，人们普遍认识到年轻人(25岁以下的人)患性传播感染的风险更大。研究关注的是来自可靠来源的建议和教育在预防学生高危性传播感染中的作用[15]，而且大多数针对大学生的知识、态度和实践(knowledge, attitude and practices, KAP)研究关注的是HIV/AIDS，而其他性传播感染则被忽视了[16-18]。 由于预防艾滋病、衣原体、梅毒和人乳头瘤病毒这四种性传播疾病是国家规划之一，而社会对这些疾病的知识、态度和行为等相关变量的认知有助于更好地规划控制这些疾病，本研究旨在调查人口学变量与德黑兰伊斯兰阿扎德大学学生对这四种疾病的知识、态度和行为之间的关系。本研究是一项描述性横断面研究，于2018年5月对德黑兰伊斯兰阿扎德大学的500名男女学生进行了调查。德黑兰阿扎德大学表示，获得性传播疾病知识的最常见方式是广播(28.8%)，其次是社交媒体(23.2%)，获得性传播疾病知识的最低比例是广播，其次是卫生保健提供者和教授。HIV / AIDS Rev 2021;[j] .中国科学:地球科学
{"title":"Assessment of the relationship between demographic variables and knowledge, attitude and practice of Azad Islamic University students about sexually transmitted diseases in 2018","authors":"T. Kamalikhah, Mehran Akbari, Maede Parhode, L. Sabzmakan, Razieh Khosrorad, A. Mehri","doi":"10.5114/hivar.2021.109558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2021.109558","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are one of the health concerns of the new century and likelihood of morbidity in young people is high. Knowledge and attitude about these diseases and demographic characteristics of people have and important role in reduction of their incidence and prevalence. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between demographic variables and knowledge, attitude and practice of young people regarding STDs Material and methods: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study, 500 students including were participated in 2018. Cluster random sampling was applied through the selection of various universities and colleges in 5 Azad units: North, South, East, West and Center of Tehran. Students were studying in art, human science, engineering, base science etc., majoring in B.A. and B.Sc. degrees. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. Its validity was confirmed by content and face validity. Reliability was assessed using the test-re-test method. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 software and descriptive and analytical statistical tests such as t test and ANOVA. Results: There was no significant relationship between students’ mean knowledge and gender (p = 0.434), but relationships of attitude and practice (risk and preventive) with gender (p < 0.001) and knowledge, and attitude (p < 0.001) with marital status were observed, female gender being associated with better attitude and practice and married women having better knowledge and attitude. The ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test and the least significant difference (LSD) test showed no significant difference between the students of Azad University and their field of study with their knowledge. Conclusions: Intervention in the study population was needed in order to increase awareness, change attitude and reduce risky behaviors and integrate education of sexually transmitted diseases in the academic curriculum. On the other hand, the establishment of valid websites, weblogs and valid channels in social media by medical universities is recommended because students reported Internet and social media as the most common way of getting information about STDs, with the focus on male students and single students, who need more education and attention. Students reported the Internet Address for correspondence: Ali Mehri, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Sabzevar university of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran, e-mail: hadimehri1386@gmail.com Article history: Received: 18.04.2020 Received in revised form: 26.11.2020 Accepted: 05.03.2021 Available online: 30.08.2021 ORIGINAL PAPER Tahereh Kamalikhah, Mehran Akbari, Maede Parhode, Leila Sabzmakan, Razieh Khosrorad, Ali Mehri 202 HIV & AIDS Review 2021/Volume 20/Number 3 sex workers [10]. Information from East Africa about knowledge of STDs amongst university students remains sketchy. In Cameroon 70% of the university students knew about STDs but only 16.1% co","PeriodicalId":53943,"journal":{"name":"HIV & AIDS Review","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82951420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5114/HIVAR.2021.107242
Malihe Hassan Nezhad, Saber Esmaeili, S. S. Alinaghi, L. Abbasian, T. Biazar, M. Ashouri, E. Mostafavi, Nazanin Janfaza
{"title":"Bacillary angiomatosis by Bartonella quintana in HIV-infected patient: molecular confirmed case in Iran","authors":"Malihe Hassan Nezhad, Saber Esmaeili, S. S. Alinaghi, L. Abbasian, T. Biazar, M. Ashouri, E. Mostafavi, Nazanin Janfaza","doi":"10.5114/HIVAR.2021.107242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/HIVAR.2021.107242","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53943,"journal":{"name":"HIV & AIDS Review","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88544117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5114/HIVAR.2021.107237
I. Paulus, F. Sanjaya, N. M. Sukmawati
{"title":"Survival rate of multi-drug resistant \u0000tuberculosis among human immunodeficiency \u0000virus co-infected patients in Sanglah \u0000Hospital/Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia: \u0000a cohort retrospective study","authors":"I. Paulus, F. Sanjaya, N. M. Sukmawati","doi":"10.5114/HIVAR.2021.107237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/HIVAR.2021.107237","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53943,"journal":{"name":"HIV & AIDS Review","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73829852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5114/HIVAR.2021.105086
Pratama Wicaksana, N. Kurniati, S. Pardede
Introduction: Antiretroviral (ARV) therapy has changed the status of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection from a high-mortality disease into a chronic one. One of the consequences of long-term use of ARV medications is dyslipidemia, which may progress to cardiovascular disease in the future. The aim of the study was to measure the rate of dyslipidemia among HIV-infected children receiving ARV therapy and related risk factors. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at pediatric outpatient clinic, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia, from January to July 2019. Lipid profile was examined on 96 eligible subjects and data regarding nutritional status, clinical stage at diagnosis, latest immunosuppression status, latest viral load (VL) value, and latest ARV combination used were obtained from medical records. Bivariate and multivariate analysis were performed to find the association between dependent and independent variables using SPSS version 22. Results: Of 96 subjects included, 52 (54.2%) subjects experienced dyslipidemia. The prevalence of dyslipidemia among those with second-line (containing protease inhibitors) and first-line (contain-ing non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors) ARV therapy were 80% and 39%, respectively. The use of second-line ARV therapy was associated with 6.3 times ( p < 0.01; 95% CI: 2.4-17.1) increased risk of dyslipidemia compared to first-line ARV therapy. Conclusions: Prevalence of dyslipidemia among HIV-positive children on ARV was high with sec-ond-line ARV therapy being a risk factor. children, HIV, dyslipidemia, HAART, protease inhibitors.
抗逆转录病毒(ARV)治疗使人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染从一种高死亡率疾病转变为一种慢性疾病。长期使用抗逆转录病毒药物的后果之一是血脂异常，未来可能发展为心血管疾病。该研究的目的是测量接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的艾滋病毒感染儿童的血脂异常率及其相关危险因素。材料和方法:2019年1月至7月在印度尼西亚雅加达Cipto Mangunkusumo医院儿科门诊进行了一项横断面研究。对96名符合条件的受试者进行血脂检查，并从医疗记录中获取营养状况、诊断时的临床阶段、最新免疫抑制状态、最新病毒载量(VL)值和最新ARV联合使用的数据。使用SPSS version 22进行双变量和多变量分析以发现因变量和自变量之间的关联。结果:纳入的96名受试者中，52名(54.2%)出现了血脂异常。二线(含蛋白酶抑制剂)和一线(含非核苷逆转录酶抑制剂)抗逆转录病毒治疗的血脂异常患病率分别为80%和39%。使用二线抗逆转录病毒治疗与6.3倍相关(p < 0.01;95% CI: 2.4-17.1)与一线抗逆转录病毒治疗相比，血脂异常的风险增加。结论:在接受抗逆转录病毒药物治疗的hiv阳性儿童中，血脂异常的患病率很高，二线抗逆转录病毒药物治疗是一个危险因素。儿童，HIV，血脂异常，HAART，蛋白酶抑制剂。
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Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5114/HIVAR.2021.105109
Girmay Kalayu, Zewdneh Tomas
Introduction: Antiretroviral therapy has turned HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) from lethal to manageable chronic disease. However, treatment defaulting is a prominent challenge in development of drug resistance and eventually, leads to treatment failure. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of defaulting and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in the Ayder Referral Hospital, Tigray. Material and methods: Defaulters were individuals who failed to take medication two or more doses in a single clinical appointment. Retrospective cohort study was employed to obtain socio-demographic data and the status of ART use among PLWHA in the study hospital. Semi-structured interview was conducted to obtain data on factors associated with defaulting treatment. In-depth focused group discussion was done with those who attended subsequent conversations made at the hospital. Telephone call was performed to those who were reluctant to attend the discussions. Results: Data were presented using simple descriptive statistics. Of 240 patients who initiated ART, 160 (66.6%) were active users and 80 (34%) had missed more than one clinical appointment. Out of those 80, 58 (24.16%) were defaulters and 22 (9.16%) died. Self-referral to other hospital, lack of food, social stigma, spiritual healing, and loss of interest in medication were the commonest reasons for defaulting ART medication. Tracing was not successful due to incorrect address at the register in 12 (21%) of the defaulters.. Conclusions: Socio-economic factors appear to be the root of all reasons associated with ART default. ART clinic staffs should make sure that the address given at the register is genuine to facilitate adherence assessment. HIV AIDS Rev 2021; 20, 1: 21-25 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2021.105109
抗逆转录病毒疗法已将艾滋病毒/获得性免疫缺陷综合征(艾滋病)从致命疾病转变为可控制的慢性疾病。然而，治疗违约是耐药性发展的一个突出挑战，并最终导致治疗失败。本研究的目的是评估提格雷Ayder转诊医院艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者(PLWHA)的违约率及其相关因素。材料和方法:违规者是指在一次临床预约中未能服用两剂或两剂以上药物的个体。采用回顾性队列研究，获取研究医院艾滋病患者的社会人口学资料和抗逆转录病毒治疗的使用情况。采用半结构化访谈法获取与违约治疗相关因素的数据。与参加随后在医院进行的谈话的人进行了深入的焦点小组讨论。给那些不愿参加讨论的人打了电话。结果:数据采用简单的描述性统计。在240例开始抗逆转录病毒治疗的患者中，160例(66.6%)是活跃使用者，80例(34%)错过了一次以上的临床预约。其中58人(24.16%)是不履行债务者，22人(9.16%)死亡。自我转诊到其他医院、缺乏食物、社会耻辱、精神治疗和对药物失去兴趣是不接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的最常见原因。由于12个(21%)违约者在寄存器上的地址不正确，跟踪不成功。结论:社会经济因素似乎是与ART违约相关的所有原因的根源。抗逆转录病毒治疗诊所的工作人员应确保在登记簿上提供的地址是真实的，以便于依从性评估。HIV / AIDS Rev 2021;20, 1: 21-25 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2021.105109
{"title":"Antiretroviral treatment default and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS in Ayder Referral Hospital, Tigray, Ethiopia","authors":"Girmay Kalayu, Zewdneh Tomas","doi":"10.5114/HIVAR.2021.105109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/HIVAR.2021.105109","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Antiretroviral therapy has turned HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) from lethal to manageable chronic disease. However, treatment defaulting is a prominent challenge in development of drug resistance and eventually, leads to treatment failure. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of defaulting and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in the Ayder Referral Hospital, Tigray. Material and methods: Defaulters were individuals who failed to take medication two or more doses in a single clinical appointment. Retrospective cohort study was employed to obtain socio-demographic data and the status of ART use among PLWHA in the study hospital. Semi-structured interview was conducted to obtain data on factors associated with defaulting treatment. In-depth focused group discussion was done with those who attended subsequent conversations made at the hospital. Telephone call was performed to those who were reluctant to attend the discussions. Results: Data were presented using simple descriptive statistics. Of 240 patients who initiated ART, 160 (66.6%) were active users and 80 (34%) had missed more than one clinical appointment. Out of those 80, 58 (24.16%) were defaulters and 22 (9.16%) died. Self-referral to other hospital, lack of food, social stigma, spiritual healing, and loss of interest in medication were the commonest reasons for defaulting ART medication. Tracing was not successful due to incorrect address at the register in 12 (21%) of the defaulters.. Conclusions: Socio-economic factors appear to be the root of all reasons associated with ART default. ART clinic staffs should make sure that the address given at the register is genuine to facilitate adherence assessment. HIV AIDS Rev 2021; 20, 1: 21-25 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2021.105109","PeriodicalId":53943,"journal":{"name":"HIV & AIDS Review","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76593285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5114/hivar.2021.109260
S. Gayathri, N. Shetty, Sameep S. Shetty, Akanksha Raj
Gingival enlargement is caused by various factors such as inflammation, medications and malignant diseases. Acute leukemic enlargement is commonly seen in children. If prompt diagnosis is not made properly and treated early, it may result in significant morbidity and mortality. Gingival enlargement is seldom seen in adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This case report presents an in-teresting rare case of gingival enlargement in an adult patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and management of the disease.
{"title":"Acute lymphoblastic leukemia and gingival enlargement – a case report","authors":"S. Gayathri, N. Shetty, Sameep S. Shetty, Akanksha Raj","doi":"10.5114/hivar.2021.109260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2021.109260","url":null,"abstract":"Gingival enlargement is caused by various factors such as inflammation, medications and malignant diseases. Acute leukemic enlargement is commonly seen in children. If prompt diagnosis is not made properly and treated early, it may result in significant morbidity and mortality. Gingival enlargement is seldom seen in adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This case report presents an in-teresting rare case of gingival enlargement in an adult patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and management of the disease.","PeriodicalId":53943,"journal":{"name":"HIV & AIDS Review","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83798419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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