This study provides a wind farm valuation/planning model, for territorial wind energy policies at a provincial scale. With reference to the case of territory of Syracuse, the pattern identifies the best layout of the plants under different conditions. The pattern, based on the integration of spatial-GIS and numeric calculation, provides a wide range of scenarios able to define a trade off energy/information function characterising the decision pattern of a whole land-energy policy. Energy function includes energy production and the consequent Net Present Value of each plant; Information function includes the visual impacts of each plant given the qualities and the distances of the areas, which the plant is visible from. The best layout maximizes the energy/information-value function.
{"title":"The geography of values and the land of energy","authors":"S. Giuffrida, F. Gagliano","doi":"10.13128/AESTIMUM-17893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13128/AESTIMUM-17893","url":null,"abstract":"This study provides a wind farm valuation/planning model, for territorial wind energy policies at a provincial scale. With reference to the case of territory of Syracuse, the pattern identifies the best layout of the plants under different conditions. The pattern, based on the integration of spatial-GIS and numeric calculation, provides a wide range of scenarios able to define a trade off energy/information function characterising the decision pattern of a whole land-energy policy. Energy function includes energy production and the consequent Net Present Value of each plant; Information function includes the visual impacts of each plant given the qualities and the distances of the areas, which the plant is visible from. The best layout maximizes the energy/information-value function.","PeriodicalId":53999,"journal":{"name":"Aestimum","volume":"1 1","pages":"203-224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66132270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this paper is to analyse the interconnections among the so-called “grey area” citizens, who have great difficult to get an own house, and the public (and private) stakeholders that have a key part to play in translating the housing politics into practice. The analysis proposes some economic tools – the analysis of the local real estate market and the “Income-Threshold” – to support municipality in achieving social housing projects corresponding to the family’s financial constraints. The methodology of analysis is applied to data directly collected in Palermo. The purpose is to point out the operational and problematic aspects corresponding to the family’s access to the real estate market and to estimate the financial gap corresponding to the impossibility to achieve that.
{"title":"The economic sustainability of residential location and social housing. An application in Palermo city","authors":"Grazia Napoli","doi":"10.13128/AESTIMUM-17896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13128/AESTIMUM-17896","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to analyse the interconnections among the so-called “grey area” citizens, who have great difficult to get an own house, and the public (and private) stakeholders that have a key part to play in translating the housing politics into practice. The analysis proposes some economic tools – the analysis of the local real estate market and the “Income-Threshold” – to support municipality in achieving social housing projects corresponding to the family’s financial constraints. The methodology of analysis is applied to data directly collected in Palermo. The purpose is to point out the operational and problematic aspects corresponding to the family’s access to the real estate market and to estimate the financial gap corresponding to the impossibility to achieve that.","PeriodicalId":53999,"journal":{"name":"Aestimum","volume":"1 1","pages":"257-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66132326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The European Landscape Convention, ratified by 40 nations, has placed emphasis on the necessity that the value of the landscape is assessed by the population. However it is standard practice that a few experts decide which areas are of landscape interest and the transformations that are compatible with their conservation. To compare the landscape preferences of experts and lay people a study was done on the Po Delta Natural Park (Italy) using a psychophysical approach. In our case study the average scores of experts and lay people are not very different. However it was also ascertained that the experts evaluate the presence of some elements in a way that differs from lay people. As the responsibility for landscape policies is normally devolved to a few experts it would appear necessary that the preferences and opinions of lay people should always be carefully analysed.
{"title":"Testing the difference between experts’ and lay people’s landscape preferences","authors":"T. Tempesta, D. Vecchiato","doi":"10.13128/AESTIMUM-16481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13128/AESTIMUM-16481","url":null,"abstract":"The European Landscape Convention, ratified by 40 nations, has placed emphasis on the necessity that the value of the landscape is assessed by the population. However it is standard practice that a few experts decide which areas are of landscape interest and the transformations that are compatible with their conservation. To compare the landscape preferences of experts and lay people a study was done on the Po Delta Natural Park (Italy) using a psychophysical approach. In our case study the average scores of experts and lay people are not very different. However it was also ascertained that the experts evaluate the presence of some elements in a way that differs from lay people. As the responsibility for landscape policies is normally devolved to a few experts it would appear necessary that the preferences and opinions of lay people should always be carefully analysed.","PeriodicalId":53999,"journal":{"name":"Aestimum","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66131705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article aims to focus the attention, under a legal point of view, on the damage to agriculture caused by wildlife which gives application problems in view of the special legislation, pointing out questions and hermeneutical nodes to which the doctrine and jurisprudence tried in different times to give a solutions. This paper, moving from the legal concept of damages and compensation, aim to examine the current legal system and in particular the evolving of the case law. The analysis requires a complex investigation that needs to be contextualized within the system of environmental protection as indicated by the TFEU (Art. 191), to which it brings the legislation on protection of wildlife (Law n. 157/1992), reporting that protection with the institutes of the property and the agricultural enterprise (art. 2135 of the Italian Civil Code). The conflict between the interests worthy of protection, and the resultant priorities of those public and private are reflected on the occurrence of the damaging event, denying the fact prejudicial illegality as harmful case assumed and accepted in the predetermination of the legal situation by law as an event can be traced within the constraints and limitations of subjective legal situation of the owner of the crops.
{"title":"La responsabilità per danno da fauna selvatica in agricoltura","authors":"Nicola Lucifero","doi":"10.13128/AESTIMUM-16484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13128/AESTIMUM-16484","url":null,"abstract":"The article aims to focus the attention, under a legal point of view, on the damage to agriculture caused by wildlife which gives application problems in view of the special legislation, pointing out questions and hermeneutical nodes to which the doctrine and jurisprudence tried in different times to give a solutions. This paper, moving from the legal concept of damages and compensation, aim to examine the current legal system and in particular the evolving of the case law. The analysis requires a complex investigation that needs to be contextualized within the system of environmental protection as indicated by the TFEU (Art. 191), to which it brings the legislation on protection of wildlife (Law n. 157/1992), reporting that protection with the institutes of the property and the agricultural enterprise (art. 2135 of the Italian Civil Code). The conflict between the interests worthy of protection, and the resultant priorities of those public and private are reflected on the occurrence of the damaging event, denying the fact prejudicial illegality as harmful case assumed and accepted in the predetermination of the legal situation by law as an event can be traced within the constraints and limitations of subjective legal situation of the owner of the crops.","PeriodicalId":53999,"journal":{"name":"Aestimum","volume":"1 1","pages":"79-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.13128/AESTIMUM-16484","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66131829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The consumption of natural, agricultural and forest soils that follows urban growth and infrastructural development is responsible for the fragmentation of the open spaces and the ecological connections, and for the functional disorganisation of the territory, bringing relevant environmental, economic and social impacts. The quality and quantity of this consumption relates to the ability to manage, at the different scales, a global phenomenon. Hence, it is necessary to conform the definitions, measures, and representations of the soil consumption, to have reliable information to build policies and intervention programmes. At the same time it is important to identify some shared principles to contrast this phenomenon: the awareness of the public relevance of the soil functions; the inefficiency due to the externalities connected with its use; the need for differentiated solutions; the necessity to adopt an incremental long-term perspective; the opportunities provided by a set of normative, fiscal, and planning instruments; the urgency to act in the places most subject to land transformation pressures, such as the peri-urban areas, in which experience a new alliance between the city and the countryside.
{"title":"Misure e politiche per contenere il consumo di suolo","authors":"S. Pareglio","doi":"10.13128/AESTIMUM-17880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13128/AESTIMUM-17880","url":null,"abstract":"The consumption of natural, agricultural and forest soils that follows urban growth and infrastructural development is responsible for the fragmentation of the open spaces and the ecological connections, and for the functional disorganisation of the territory, bringing relevant environmental, economic and social impacts. The quality and quantity of this consumption relates to the ability to manage, at the different scales, a global phenomenon. Hence, it is necessary to conform the definitions, measures, and representations of the soil consumption, to have reliable information to build policies and intervention programmes. At the same time it is important to identify some shared principles to contrast this phenomenon: the awareness of the public relevance of the soil functions; the inefficiency due to the externalities connected with its use; the need for differentiated solutions; the necessity to adopt an incremental long-term perspective; the opportunities provided by a set of normative, fiscal, and planning instruments; the urgency to act in the places most subject to land transformation pressures, such as the peri-urban areas, in which experience a new alliance between the city and the countryside.","PeriodicalId":53999,"journal":{"name":"Aestimum","volume":"18 1","pages":"5-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66131838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Climate change is considered one of the main potential causes for socio-economic damages in viticulture in the future. The analysis of such systems has to be carried out adopting a methodology able to link different spatial and temporal variables, as well as evaluating the uncertainty related to climatic scenario. Thus, the Fuzzy Cognitive Map (FCM) approach was adopted to analyse potential viticulture trends under climate alteration in the Tuscany region (Italy). Best allocation of policy resources and incentives for mitigation of socio-economic impacts were tested through the application of nonlinear programming (NLP). Best policy scenario were depicted applying a multicriteria approach. Results highlighted the importance of regulation measures and the maintenance of quality brand.
{"title":"Mitigation of socio-economic damage due to climate change: a fuzzy cognitive map optimisation for the tuscan viticulture sector","authors":"S. Sacchelli, V. A. Sottini","doi":"10.13128/AESTIMUM-17888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13128/AESTIMUM-17888","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is considered one of the main potential causes for socio-economic damages in viticulture in the future. The analysis of such systems has to be carried out adopting a methodology able to link different spatial and temporal variables, as well as evaluating the uncertainty related to climatic scenario. Thus, the Fuzzy Cognitive Map (FCM) approach was adopted to analyse potential viticulture trends under climate alteration in the Tuscany region (Italy). Best allocation of policy resources and incentives for mitigation of socio-economic impacts were tested through the application of nonlinear programming (NLP). Best policy scenario were depicted applying a multicriteria approach. Results highlighted the importance of regulation measures and the maintenance of quality brand.","PeriodicalId":53999,"journal":{"name":"Aestimum","volume":"1 1","pages":"117-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.13128/AESTIMUM-17888","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66132000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
La diffusione di impianti a biogas1 per la produzione di energia elettrica e termica da substrati di origine agro-zootecnica, stimolata principalmente dal sistema di incentivazione diretta dell’energia prodotta da parte del GSE, può rappresentare una causa rilevante alla base di alcune distorsioni che hanno interessato il mercato fondiario delle aree interessate dal fenomeno (figura 1); soprattutto, nelle aree della pianura padano-veneta si è registrata la concentrazione di diversi impianti in aree rurali circoscritte, instaurando un effetto di scarsità di biomassa per la loro alimentazione da reperire nelle vicinanze del digestore. Se da un lato, lo sviluppo di questa tecnologia ha dato la possibilità all’imprenditore agricolo di diversificare il proprio reddito e di ottenere nuove opportunità
{"title":"Una valutazione degli effetti della diffusione degli impianti per il biogas sui contratti di locazione dei terreni agricoli","authors":"A. Castellini, A. Ragazzoni","doi":"10.13128/Aestimum-17887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13128/Aestimum-17887","url":null,"abstract":"La diffusione di impianti a biogas1 per la produzione di energia elettrica e termica da substrati di origine agro-zootecnica, stimolata principalmente dal sistema di incentivazione diretta dell’energia prodotta da parte del GSE, può rappresentare una causa rilevante alla base di alcune distorsioni che hanno interessato il mercato fondiario delle aree interessate dal fenomeno (figura 1); soprattutto, nelle aree della pianura padano-veneta si è registrata la concentrazione di diversi impianti in aree rurali circoscritte, instaurando un effetto di scarsità di biomassa per la loro alimentazione da reperire nelle vicinanze del digestore. Se da un lato, lo sviluppo di questa tecnologia ha dato la possibilità all’imprenditore agricolo di diversificare il proprio reddito e di ottenere nuove opportunità","PeriodicalId":53999,"journal":{"name":"Aestimum","volume":"1 1","pages":"101-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66131989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In a negative macroeconomic environment, the public real estate can contribute to a reduction of public debt. The approaches usually used in urban planning show a structural weakness related to the appraisal method used to estimate the value of the assets involved in territorial planning. Accordingly the present work proposes a new estimating method that examines the possible destinations (and therefore the transformation value) of each property involved in the unitary intervention, also considering the relations of complementarity. The matrix of transformation method based on the Highest and Best Use, allows for leading the choices of spatial planning taking into account the effect generated by the virtuous “network” that makes the greater overall value the sum of its parts.
{"title":"The valorization of public real estate. A first outcome of the experiences in progress and a methodological proposal","authors":"F. Salvo, M. Zupi, M. D. Ruggiero","doi":"10.13128/AESTIMUM-17889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13128/AESTIMUM-17889","url":null,"abstract":"In a negative macroeconomic environment, the public real estate can contribute to a reduction of public debt. The approaches usually used in urban planning show a structural weakness related to the appraisal method used to estimate the value of the assets involved in territorial planning. Accordingly the present work proposes a new estimating method that examines the possible destinations (and therefore the transformation value) of each property involved in the unitary intervention, also considering the relations of complementarity. The matrix of transformation method based on the Highest and Best Use, allows for leading the choices of spatial planning taking into account the effect generated by the virtuous “network” that makes the greater overall value the sum of its parts.","PeriodicalId":53999,"journal":{"name":"Aestimum","volume":"1 1","pages":"135-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66132197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Urban parks (UPs) play a fundamental role in improving the quality of living in urban areas since they can produce many types of benefits for the inhabitants. In the last years scholars have devoted a lot of effort to estimating the economic value of these benefits. The literature review has shown that previous studies are not free of bias and limitations, but they contributed towards improving our knowledge on the benefits that UPs produce and the methodologies that can be used to estimate them. As a general results it is possible to state that in many cases the flow of benefits largely overcomes the management costs so the UPs seem to produce a net gain for the citizens.
{"title":"Benefits and costs of urban parks: a review","authors":"T. Tempesta","doi":"10.13128/AESTIMUM-17943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13128/AESTIMUM-17943","url":null,"abstract":"Urban parks (UPs) play a fundamental role in improving the quality of living in urban areas since they can produce many types of benefits for the inhabitants. In the last years scholars have devoted a lot of effort to estimating the economic value of these benefits. The literature review has shown that previous studies are not free of bias and limitations, but they contributed towards improving our knowledge on the benefits that UPs produce and the methodologies that can be used to estimate them. As a general results it is possible to state that in many cases the flow of benefits largely overcomes the management costs so the UPs seem to produce a net gain for the citizens.","PeriodicalId":53999,"journal":{"name":"Aestimum","volume":"1 1","pages":"127-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.13128/AESTIMUM-17943","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66132437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims at understanding people’s preferences about wind energy in order to foster the installation of new power plants in Italy. The application of a choice experiment allowed the willingness to pay to be estimated for the following attributes: wind turbines position, turbine height, number of turbines per wind farm and minimum distance of the farm from houses/coast. According to our results the majority of people perceive wind energy positively and prefer offshore wind farms. People recognise the importance of preserving landscape and think that wind turbines do not improve its beauty. In this respect the installation of new wind farms can be considered a second-best solution in terms of landscape preservation, but a first-best solution if other aspects are taken into account.
{"title":"How do you like wind farms? Understanding people's preferences about new energy landscapes with choice experiments","authors":"D. Vecchiato","doi":"10.13128/AESTIMUM-14707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13128/AESTIMUM-14707","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims at understanding people’s preferences about wind energy in order to foster the installation of new power plants in Italy. The application of a choice experiment allowed the willingness to pay to be estimated for the following attributes: wind turbines position, turbine height, number of turbines per wind farm and minimum distance of the farm from houses/coast. According to our results the majority of people perceive wind energy positively and prefer offshore wind farms. People recognise the importance of preserving landscape and think that wind turbines do not improve its beauty. In this respect the installation of new wind farms can be considered a second-best solution in terms of landscape preservation, but a first-best solution if other aspects are taken into account.","PeriodicalId":53999,"journal":{"name":"Aestimum","volume":"1 1","pages":"15-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2014-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.13128/AESTIMUM-14707","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66132091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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