Objective. Analysis of the psychological mechanisms of the influence of military conflicts on society and identification of promising directions for socio-psychological research in this area. Background. In the context of growing geopolitical tension and the number of military conflicts, forecasting the dynamics of the psychological state of society is becoming increasingly important. Conclusions. The psychological state of post-conflict societies is characterized by a combination of processes of social integration (various forms of intra-group solidarity and civic participation) and differentiation (decrease in social trust, radicalization and increased sensitivity to social inequality), as well as the influence of psychological traumatization on the phenomena of social cognition.
{"title":"The Influence of Military Conflicts on the Psychological State of Society: Promising Areas of Research","authors":"T. Nestik","doi":"10.17759/sps.2023140401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2023140401","url":null,"abstract":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Objective. </strong>Analysis of the psychological mechanisms of the influence of military conflicts on society and identification of promising directions for socio-psychological research in this area. <br><strong>Background. </strong>In the context of growing geopolitical tension and the number of military conflicts, forecasting the dynamics of the psychological state of society is becoming increasingly important. <br><strong>Conclusions. </strong>The psychological state of post-conflict societies is characterized by a combination of processes of social integration (various forms of intra-group solidarity and civic participation) and differentiation (decrease in social trust, radicalization and increased sensitivity to social inequality), as well as the influence of psychological traumatization on the phenomena of social cognition.</p>","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139140216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective. The aim of the study is to analyze the relationship between perceived procedural justice in the political sphere, the perceived economic situation of the country, and attitudes toward the political system in Russia. Background. Previous research has shown that the perceived procedural justice of politicians and political institutions improve attitudes toward them, satisfaction with their actions, and agreement with their decisions. Furthermore, adherence to procedural justice norms can offset the negative impact of economic problems. However, these studies have several limitations related to the sample and the method, which were taken into account in our study. Participants. In the study, 8520 Russian citizens participated (N1 = 3193, N2 = 3237, N3 = 2090). Study design. Respondents participated in an online survey conducted on the YandexToloka platform. The study involved three measurements: the first measurement took place in September 2022, and the second and third measurements were conducted in November 2022. Measurements. Respondents filled out questionnaires to measure perceived procedural justice in politics, perceived economic situation, and attitude toward the Russian political system (social system justification, trust in federal political institutions, and emotion toward the political system). Results. The study showed that both perceived procedural justice and the perceived economic situation of the country were positively related to the attitude toward the Russian political system. However, assessments of economic situation and procedural justice interacted with each other: the lower respondents rated the country's economic situation, the stronger the relationship between perceived procedural justice and attitude toward the political system. Conclusions. Russians' ability to influence political decisions, the observance of equal rights, and respectful treatment by government representatives support the political system within which these occur. This becomes especially important during times when the country faces economic difficulties.
{"title":"Procedural Justice as a Factor of Attitudes Toward the Political System: the Role of the Country's Economic Situation","authors":"O. Gulevich","doi":"10.17759/sps.2023140407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2023140407","url":null,"abstract":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Objective. </strong>The aim of the study is to analyze the relationship between perceived procedural justice in the political sphere, the perceived economic situation of the country, and attitudes toward the political system in Russia. <br><strong>Background</strong>. Previous research has shown that the perceived procedural justice of politicians and political institutions improve attitudes toward them, satisfaction with their actions, and agreement with their decisions. Furthermore, adherence to procedural justice norms can offset the negative impact of economic problems. However, these studies have several limitations related to the sample and the method, which were taken into account in our study. <br><strong>Participants. </strong>In the study, 8520 Russian citizens participated (<em>N</em><sub>1 </sub>= 3193, <em>N</em><sub>2 </sub>= 3237, <em>N</em><sub>3 </sub>= 2090). <br><strong>Study design. </strong>Respondents participated in an online survey conducted on the YandexToloka platform. The study involved three measurements: the first measurement took place in September 2022, and the second and third measurements were conducted in November 2022. <br><strong>Measurements. </strong>Respondents filled out questionnaires to measure perceived procedural justice in politics, perceived economic situation, and attitude toward the Russian political system (social system justification, trust in federal political institutions, and emotion toward the political system). <br><strong>Results. </strong>The study showed that both perceived procedural justice and the perceived economic situation of the country were positively related to the attitude toward the Russian political system. However, assessments of economic situation and procedural justice interacted with each other: the lower respondents rated the country's economic situation, the stronger the relationship between perceived procedural justice and attitude toward the political system. <br><strong>Conclusions. </strong>Russians' ability to influence political decisions, the observance of equal rights, and respectful treatment by government representatives support the political system within which these occur. This becomes especially important during times when the country faces economic difficulties.</p>","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139138320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective. Analysis of the relationship of socio-economic expectations of Russians with moral foundations and socio-demographic characteristics. Background. Moral foundations theory has proved to be a very fruitful approach to the analysis of psychological factors of political views and preferences, but the problem of the relations between moral foundations and socio-economic expectations has not been considered in past studies.Study design. A correlation design was used, the data were obtained in a survey of a representative sample of Russian citizens. Participants. The sample includes 1600 residents of 82 regions of Russia surveyed by the Institute of Psychology of RAS and VCIOM (Russia Public Opinion Research Center) in February 2023, 55% of men and 45% of women aged 18 to 93 years. Measurements. A demographic questionnaire, moral foundations questionnaire and a questionnaire compiled for this study to measure socio-economic expectations, measuring expectations of: social support, military victories and militarization of public life, justice, economic growth and consumer expectations. Results. It is established that the expectations of military victories and placing the economy and public life on a war-footing are largely determined by the commitment to ethics of community, the ethics of autonomy supports the expectations of justice and economic growth. Expectations of social support depend on both the ethics of autonomy and the ethics of community. Adherence to the "liberty" moral foundation is combined with a decrease in military expectations and an increase in consumer expectations regarding the availability of goods and services. Moral foundations mediate the relationship of expectations with socio-demographic factors: age, gender, education, income, type of settlement. This is most evident in the relatively large positive effect of age on expectations of military victories which is completely mediated by the higher ethics of community among older people. Conclusions. The ethics of community, the ethics of autonomy and the "liberty" moral foundation not only reveal the psychological basis of political and ideological preferences, but also largely explain the social ideals of citizens expressed in their specific socio-economic expectations.
{"title":"Moral Foundations as Factors of Socio-Economic Expectations of Russians","authors":"O. Sychev, T. Nestik","doi":"10.17759/sps.2023140409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2023140409","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. Analysis of the relationship of socio-economic expectations of Russians with moral foundations and socio-demographic characteristics. Background. Moral foundations theory has proved to be a very fruitful approach to the analysis of psychological factors of political views and preferences, but the problem of the relations between moral foundations and socio-economic expectations has not been considered in past studies.Study design. A correlation design was used, the data were obtained in a survey of a representative sample of Russian citizens. Participants. The sample includes 1600 residents of 82 regions of Russia surveyed by the Institute of Psychology of RAS and VCIOM (Russia Public Opinion Research Center) in February 2023, 55% of men and 45% of women aged 18 to 93 years. Measurements. A demographic questionnaire, moral foundations questionnaire and a questionnaire compiled for this study to measure socio-economic expectations, measuring expectations of: social support, military victories and militarization of public life, justice, economic growth and consumer expectations. Results. It is established that the expectations of military victories and placing the economy and public life on a war-footing are largely determined by the commitment to ethics of community, the ethics of autonomy supports the expectations of justice and economic growth. Expectations of social support depend on both the ethics of autonomy and the ethics of community. Adherence to the \"liberty\" moral foundation is combined with a decrease in military expectations and an increase in consumer expectations regarding the availability of goods and services. Moral foundations mediate the relationship of expectations with socio-demographic factors: age, gender, education, income, type of settlement. This is most evident in the relatively large positive effect of age on expectations of military victories which is completely mediated by the higher ethics of community among older people. Conclusions. The ethics of community, the ethics of autonomy and the \"liberty\" moral foundation not only reveal the psychological basis of political and ideological preferences, but also largely explain the social ideals of citizens expressed in their specific socio-economic expectations.","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139140153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective. The goal is to consider the phenomenon of value-affective polarization of large social groups, to analyze the methodological foundations of the study of this phenomenon in Russia and abroad, as well as some empirical results in the study conducted by the authors. Background. Due to the global changes taking place in the world in the context of rapid scientific and technological progress, as well as the emergence of new means of information exchange, conditions have arisen in many countries, including Russia, for the manifestation of the phenomenon of value-affective polarization of the population. The study of this phenomenon is an extremely urgent problem, since it allows not only to describe the psychological mechanisms of political confrontation in society, but also to develop approaches to assess its development and reduce negative consequences. Study design. The article examines the attitude of respondents with different types of value polarization to the most significant political events in Russia against the background of stressful social events, such as the conduct of a special military operation and partial military mobilization. Participants. Russian sample: 548 people with higher education (60% women, 40% men), aged 21 to 47 years (M = 34,8; SD = 8,6). Measurements. Developed on the basis of the IAT (Implicit Association Test) test, a methodology that evaluates implicit (hidden or unconscious) political attitudes (IPA). The Big 5 methodology and questionnaire for assessing current events in Russia and abroad and the likelihood of their occurrence in the future. Results. A connection has been established between the results of the IPU and the direct answers of the respondents to the questionnaire questions. After the announcement of partial military mobilization in both polar subgroups ("loyal" and "disloyal"), the number of people who do not trust the Russian media, which cover events taking place on the territory of Ukraine, increased. At the same time, the level of patriotic sentiment among the population as a whole has increased. It is shown that as polarization develops, there is a tendency to irrationality of judgments of representatives of opposing parties. After the announcement of the SMO, the opinions of the respondents of the polar groups on some issues either did not change, or became more solid and pronounced. Conclusions. Currently, there is no reason to believe that the value polarization of the Russian population has a pronounced tendency to transform into affective polarization, but such a danger exists. The problem discussed in the article has not been sufficiently studied in Russian social and political psychology, however, the development of an appropriate methodology and theory, as well as methods and techniques, will allow us to study this phenomenon more deeply and effectively.
{"title":"Value-Affective Polarization of Large Social Groups in Conditions of Information Uncertainty","authors":"A. Lebedev, O. Gordyakova","doi":"10.17759/sps.2023140403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2023140403","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. The goal is to consider the phenomenon of value-affective polarization of large social groups, to analyze the methodological foundations of the study of this phenomenon in Russia and abroad, as well as some empirical results in the study conducted by the authors. Background. Due to the global changes taking place in the world in the context of rapid scientific and technological progress, as well as the emergence of new means of information exchange, conditions have arisen in many countries, including Russia, for the manifestation of the phenomenon of value-affective polarization of the population. The study of this phenomenon is an extremely urgent problem, since it allows not only to describe the psychological mechanisms of political confrontation in society, but also to develop approaches to assess its development and reduce negative consequences. Study design. The article examines the attitude of respondents with different types of value polarization to the most significant political events in Russia against the background of stressful social events, such as the conduct of a special military operation and partial military mobilization. Participants. Russian sample: 548 people with higher education (60% women, 40% men), aged 21 to 47 years (M = 34,8; SD = 8,6). Measurements. Developed on the basis of the IAT (Implicit Association Test) test, a methodology that evaluates implicit (hidden or unconscious) political attitudes (IPA). The Big 5 methodology and questionnaire for assessing current events in Russia and abroad and the likelihood of their occurrence in the future. Results. A connection has been established between the results of the IPU and the direct answers of the respondents to the questionnaire questions. After the announcement of partial military mobilization in both polar subgroups (\"loyal\" and \"disloyal\"), the number of people who do not trust the Russian media, which cover events taking place on the territory of Ukraine, increased. At the same time, the level of patriotic sentiment among the population as a whole has increased. It is shown that as polarization develops, there is a tendency to irrationality of judgments of representatives of opposing parties. After the announcement of the SMO, the opinions of the respondents of the polar groups on some issues either did not change, or became more solid and pronounced. Conclusions. Currently, there is no reason to believe that the value polarization of the Russian population has a pronounced tendency to transform into affective polarization, but such a danger exists. The problem discussed in the article has not been sufficiently studied in Russian social and political psychology, however, the development of an appropriate methodology and theory, as well as methods and techniques, will allow us to study this phenomenon more deeply and effectively.","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139141355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective. The purpose of this article is to analyze the spectrum of issues developing by the academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences and of the Russian Academy of Education A.L. Zhuravlev himself and to consider the questions elaborating under his guidance – with his co-workers and students in different periods of his scientific work; the research was conducted from the perspective of analyzing the processes of formation and development of the domestic economic psychology problem field. Background. The existing rules of development of socio-economic systems, in particular their cyclical nature (alternation of stable and crisis periods, uneven changes in the system), indicate the actuality of historical and psychological research in the field of economic psychology in order to predict economic, psychological and socio-psychological dynamics in changing geopolitical and socio-economic conditions of society. Results. Changes in the management of country’s economic life in the 80s of the last century, the subsequent economic transformations in society, crises and global processes in the world economy are considered as social factors that actualize the research of socio-psychological and economic-psychological phenomena in the scientific work of A.L. Zhuravlev. Among them are: psychological readiness of the population for cardinal economic changes, the relationship of socio-psychological and economic dynamics, patterns and mechanisms of economic socialization and economic self-determination, psychological resources of economic development of society and other phenomena. Conclusions. Three main stages in the development of the issues of domestic economic psychology presented in the scientific work of A.L. Zhuravlev was reveled. The connection of the studied economic-psychological and socio-psychological phenomena with the socio-economic dynamics of public life is shown.
{"title":"Development of Domestic Economical Psychology Issues in Scientific Work of A.L. Zhuravlev","authors":"T. Drobysheva","doi":"10.17759/sps.2023140413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2023140413","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. The purpose of this article is to analyze the spectrum of issues developing by the academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences and of the Russian Academy of Education A.L. Zhuravlev himself and to consider the questions elaborating under his guidance – with his co-workers and students in different periods of his scientific work; the research was conducted from the perspective of analyzing the processes of formation and development of the domestic economic psychology problem field. Background. The existing rules of development of socio-economic systems, in particular their cyclical nature (alternation of stable and crisis periods, uneven changes in the system), indicate the actuality of historical and psychological research in the field of economic psychology in order to predict economic, psychological and socio-psychological dynamics in changing geopolitical and socio-economic conditions of society. Results. Changes in the management of country’s economic life in the 80s of the last century, the subsequent economic transformations in society, crises and global processes in the world economy are considered as social factors that actualize the research of socio-psychological and economic-psychological phenomena in the scientific work of A.L. Zhuravlev. Among them are: psychological readiness of the population for cardinal economic changes, the relationship of socio-psychological and economic dynamics, patterns and mechanisms of economic socialization and economic self-determination, psychological resources of economic development of society and other phenomena. Conclusions. Three main stages in the development of the issues of domestic economic psychology presented in the scientific work of A.L. Zhuravlev was reveled. The connection of the studied economic-psychological and socio-psychological phenomena with the socio-economic dynamics of public life is shown.","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139138650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective. Analysis of the contribution of the system justification to social cohesion. Background. Social cohesion in Russia, as well as around the world, is declining, despite its beneficial impact on the society. In accordance with the System Justification theory, there is reason to assume a connection between the system justification and social cohesion, but no empirical verification has been carried out. Study design. The study examined the relationship between the system justification and different levels of social cohesion. The study used the system justification scale and measurements of variables of interpersonal trust, density of social relationships, openness, social participation, institutional trust and legitimacy of institutions. The presence and nature of the relationship was verified through correlation analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM). Participants. 819 Russians (52% of women) from 18 to 83 years old (M = 37,7; SD = 10,7). Measurements. Russian-language versions of the scales of system justification by J. Jost. G. Bottoni's model of social cohesion. Results. The model of social cohesion was successfully tested on a Russian sample, but macro-level variables cannot be separated and do not allow the formation of the second factor of the model by type of measurement (objective and subjective). System justification significantly predicts all levels of social cohesion. The regression model showed that the more people tend to justify the system, the more they trust others, get involved in various group interactions and positively evaluate the institutional activities. Conclusions. The system justification significantly positively predicts social cohesion at the micro, meso and macro levels.
{"title":"The Contribution of the System Justification to Social Cohesion","authors":"E. Agadullina, D.I. Lavelina","doi":"10.17759/sps.2023140406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2023140406","url":null,"abstract":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Objective. </strong>Analysis of the contribution of the system justification to social cohesion. <br><strong>Background. </strong>Social cohesion in Russia, as well as around the world, is declining, despite its beneficial impact on the society. In accordance with the System Justification theory, there is reason to assume a connection between the system justification and social cohesion, but no empirical verification has been carried out. <br><strong>Study design. </strong>The study examined the relationship between the system justification and different levels of social cohesion. The study used the system justification scale and measurements of variables of interpersonal trust, density of social relationships, openness, social participation, institutional trust and legitimacy of institutions. The presence and nature of the relationship was verified through correlation analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM). <br><strong>Participants. </strong>819 Russians (52% of women) from 18 to 83 years old (<em>M</em> = 37,7; <em>SD</em> = 10,7). <br><strong>Measurements. </strong>Russian-language versions of the scales of system justification by J. Jost. G. Bottoni's model of social cohesion. <br><strong>Results. </strong>The model of social cohesion was successfully tested on a Russian sample, but macro-level variables cannot be separated and do not allow the formation of the second factor of the model by type of measurement (objective and subjective). System justification significantly predicts all levels of social cohesion. The regression model showed that the more people tend to justify the system, the more they trust others, get involved in various group interactions and positively evaluate the institutional activities. <br><strong>Conclusions. </strong>The system justification significantly positively predicts social cohesion at the micro, meso and macro levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139137516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. V. Murashcenkova, V. Gritsenko, N.V. Kalinina, V. Konstantinov, E. Kulesh, A. Malenova, I.V. Malyshev
Objective. The aim of the study is to analyze the salience and subjective significance of patriotic self-identity, and analyze the attitude towards patriotism among Russian student youth under conditions of polarization of Russian society. Background. Patriotic education of Russian youth, based on the potential of subject-to-subject interaction and implemented in the current polarization of Russian society, requires analysis of the patriotic self-identity of young people and their attitude towards patriotism. Study design. We carried out reflexive thematic analysis and qualitative content analysis of respondents' answers to open questions about the manifestations, advantages and shortcomings of patriotism. We evaluated the salience and subjective significance of patriotic self-identity among young people. Participants. University students from Moscow, Omsk, Penza, Saratov, Smolensk, Khabarovsk (670 Russians ages 18 to 25, M = 19,3, SD = 1,5, 21% of men) participated in the study. Data were collected in October 2022. Measurements. We used the shortened version of the questionnaire «Who am I?» by M. Kuhn, T. McPartland. We formulated the close-ended question to assess salience of patriotic self-identity, as in the Scale of Rapid Assessment of Ethnic Identity by N.M. Lebedeva, and open-ended questions for the assessment of attitude towards patriotism. Results. The subjective significance of patriotic self-identity for young people is low. One third of respondents are characterized by a fluctuating patriotic self-identity, one tenth of respondents feel very little patriotic, 6,4% of respondents do not feel patriotic at all. We discovered 5 types of attitudes among students towards patriotism. Recommendations were developed to increase the effectiveness of patriotic education of Russian students in the current conditions. Conclusions. There are barriers to the formation of a stable patriotic identity for a large part of the Russian student youth. Almost half of respondents identified a request for the development of constructive civic patriotism. In order to increase the effectiveness of patriotic education of young people in the current Russian context it is important to take into account the results of such research.
{"title":"Attitudes towards Patriotism and Patriotic Self-identity of Russian Students Youth in the Polarization of Russian Society","authors":"N. V. Murashcenkova, V. Gritsenko, N.V. Kalinina, V. Konstantinov, E. Kulesh, A. Malenova, I.V. Malyshev","doi":"10.17759/sps.2023140405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2023140405","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. The aim of the study is to analyze the salience and subjective significance of patriotic self-identity, and analyze the attitude towards patriotism among Russian student youth under conditions of polarization of Russian society. Background. Patriotic education of Russian youth, based on the potential of subject-to-subject interaction and implemented in the current polarization of Russian society, requires analysis of the patriotic self-identity of young people and their attitude towards patriotism. Study design. We carried out reflexive thematic analysis and qualitative content analysis of respondents' answers to open questions about the manifestations, advantages and shortcomings of patriotism. We evaluated the salience and subjective significance of patriotic self-identity among young people. Participants. University students from Moscow, Omsk, Penza, Saratov, Smolensk, Khabarovsk (670 Russians ages 18 to 25, M = 19,3, SD = 1,5, 21% of men) participated in the study. Data were collected in October 2022. Measurements. We used the shortened version of the questionnaire «Who am I?» by M. Kuhn, T. McPartland. We formulated the close-ended question to assess salience of patriotic self-identity, as in the Scale of Rapid Assessment of Ethnic Identity by N.M. Lebedeva, and open-ended questions for the assessment of attitude towards patriotism. Results. The subjective significance of patriotic self-identity for young people is low. One third of respondents are characterized by a fluctuating patriotic self-identity, one tenth of respondents feel very little patriotic, 6,4% of respondents do not feel patriotic at all. We discovered 5 types of attitudes among students towards patriotism. Recommendations were developed to increase the effectiveness of patriotic education of Russian students in the current conditions. Conclusions. There are barriers to the formation of a stable patriotic identity for a large part of the Russian student youth. Almost half of respondents identified a request for the development of constructive civic patriotism. In order to increase the effectiveness of patriotic education of young people in the current Russian context it is important to take into account the results of such research.","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139137354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T.I. Medvedeva, S. Enikolopov, O.M. Boiko, O. Vorontsova, N.V. Chudova, E.I. Rasskazova
Objective. The study of the influence of prolonged stressful situation on world assumptions, peculiarities of thinking and moral decisions. Background. The pandemic situation can be considered as a model stressful situation. The assessment of its impact makes it possible to predict the consequences of society experiencing a high level of stress in a situation of danger and/or uncertainty. Study design. The level of distress, moral decisions, world assumptions, and peculiarities of thinking before the pandemic and in the conditions of the pandemic were compared. Methods of variance analysis, the Kraskal-Wallace criterion, and correlation analysis were used. Participants. "Moral dilemmas" N = 621 (23,4% of men), age – 33,7 ± 11,32; Constructive thinking questionnaire N = 700 (20,7% of men), age – 31,55 ± 9,7; Scale of basic beliefs N = 412 (18,2% of men), age – 35,6 ± 11,2. Measurements. "Moral dilemmas", "World Assumptions Scale” (WAS), “Constructive Thinking Inventory” (CTI), Symptom Check List-90-Revised (SCL-90R). Results. During the pandemic, the level of distress experienced is higher, the ability to distinguish between personal and "distant" violence is lower, and indicators of constructive thinking and emotional coping are lower. The belief in benevolence, justice of the world, the value of one's own self is reduced. All these changes are associated with a high level of distress. Conclusions. The stressful situation led to a change in moral decisions. The change was not directly related to basic beliefs and thinking patterns and is a consequence of "emotional detachment" in stressful situation.
{"title":"The Influence of Prolonged Stressful Situation on World Assumptions, Peculiarities of Thinking and Moral Decisions","authors":"T.I. Medvedeva, S. Enikolopov, O.M. Boiko, O. Vorontsova, N.V. Chudova, E.I. Rasskazova","doi":"10.17759/sps.2023140411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2023140411","url":null,"abstract":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Objective. </strong>The study of the influence of prolonged stressful situation on world assumptions, peculiarities of thinking and moral decisions. <br><strong>Background. </strong>The pandemic situation can be considered as a model stressful situation. The assessment of its impact makes it possible to predict the consequences of society experiencing a high level of stress in a situation of danger and/or uncertainty. <br><strong>Study design. </strong>The level of distress, moral decisions, world assumptions, and peculiarities of thinking before the pandemic and in the conditions of the pandemic were compared. Methods of variance analysis, the Kraskal-Wallace criterion, and correlation analysis were used. <br><strong>Participants. </strong>\"Moral dilemmas\" <em>N</em> = 621 (23,4% of men), age – 33,7 ± 11,32; Constructive thinking questionnaire <em>N</em> = 700 (20,7% of men), age – 31,55 ± 9,7; Scale of basic beliefs <em>N </em>= 412 (18,2% of men), age – 35,6 ± 11,2. <br><strong>Measurements. </strong>\"Moral dilemmas\", \"World Assumptions Scale” (WAS), “Constructive Thinking Inventory” (CTI), Symptom Check List-90-Revised (SCL-90R). <br><strong>Results. </strong>During the pandemic, the level of distress experienced is higher, the ability to distinguish between personal and \"distant\" violence is lower, and indicators of constructive thinking and emotional coping are lower. The belief in benevolence, justice of the world, the value of one's own self is reduced. All these changes are associated with a high level of distress. <br><strong>Conclusions. </strong>The stressful situation led to a change in moral decisions. The change was not directly related to basic beliefs and thinking patterns and is a consequence of \"emotional detachment\" in stressful situation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139138353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective. The study of the psychological resources’ specifics of persons experiencing life challenges with varying degrees of uncertainty. Context and relevance. Uncertainty is a fundamental characteristic of the modern world. Any life situation has a certain degree of uncertainty and contributes to the activation of psychological resources of the individual, on which the success of coping depends. Research Design. The paper analyzes the types of life challenges, identifies groups of people who differently assess the degree of life challenges’ uncertainty and studies the specifics of the severity of psychological resources (emotional, motivational, instrumental, sustainability resources) depending on the degree of life challenges’ uncertainty. Participants. The study involved 1248 people aged 18 to 76 years (31,09 ± 12,59), including 297 (23,8%) men, 175 (14,0%) persons with disabilities. Methods. A socio-biographic questionnaire with an open question about an actual difficult life situation (TS), which needed to be evaluated on a 10-point Likert scale: 1) the level of its complexity; 2) the intensity of the emotions accompanying it. "Subjective assessment of a difficult life situation" (E.V. Bityutskaya, A.A. Korneev); Resilience test (E.N. Osin, E.I. Rasskazova); Self-activation technique (M.A. Odintsova, N.P. Radchikova); COPE technique (E.I. Rasskazova, T.O. Gordeeva, E.N. Osin). Results. Seven types of challenges are experienced as life situations with varying degrees of uncertainty. Respondents more often attribute the global challenge as a very complex and complex situations of uncertainty; the challenge of loss – as a complex situations. The challenge of illness, the challenge of relationships, the challenge of material difficulties in about forty percent of cases are assessed as very difficult situations of uncertainty and about a third – as complex or simple. The challenge to self-design and the challenge of professional activity are more often assessed either as very complex situations of uncertainty, or as simple. Very complex and complex situations of uncertainty are assessed as less controllable, complex ones as the most intractable. Conclusions. Psychological resources in situations of varying degrees of uncertainty are emotional experiences, resilience, self-activation and various coping styles. The lower the degree of uncertainty of the life situation, the more pronounced are the resources of resilience and self-activation.
{"title":"Psychological Resources of the Individual when Living Life Situations of Varying Degrees of Uncertainty","authors":"M. A. Odintsova, D. Lubovsky, E. I. Kuzmina","doi":"10.17759/sps.2023140410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2023140410","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. The study of the psychological resources’ specifics of persons experiencing life challenges with varying degrees of uncertainty. Context and relevance. Uncertainty is a fundamental characteristic of the modern world. Any life situation has a certain degree of uncertainty and contributes to the activation of psychological resources of the individual, on which the success of coping depends. Research Design. The paper analyzes the types of life challenges, identifies groups of people who differently assess the degree of life challenges’ uncertainty and studies the specifics of the severity of psychological resources (emotional, motivational, instrumental, sustainability resources) depending on the degree of life challenges’ uncertainty. Participants. The study involved 1248 people aged 18 to 76 years (31,09 ± 12,59), including 297 (23,8%) men, 175 (14,0%) persons with disabilities. Methods. A socio-biographic questionnaire with an open question about an actual difficult life situation (TS), which needed to be evaluated on a 10-point Likert scale: 1) the level of its complexity; 2) the intensity of the emotions accompanying it. \"Subjective assessment of a difficult life situation\" (E.V. Bityutskaya, A.A. Korneev); Resilience test (E.N. Osin, E.I. Rasskazova); Self-activation technique (M.A. Odintsova, N.P. Radchikova); COPE technique (E.I. Rasskazova, T.O. Gordeeva, E.N. Osin). Results. Seven types of challenges are experienced as life situations with varying degrees of uncertainty. Respondents more often attribute the global challenge as a very complex and complex situations of uncertainty; the challenge of loss – as a complex situations. The challenge of illness, the challenge of relationships, the challenge of material difficulties in about forty percent of cases are assessed as very difficult situations of uncertainty and about a third – as complex or simple. The challenge to self-design and the challenge of professional activity are more often assessed either as very complex situations of uncertainty, or as simple. Very complex and complex situations of uncertainty are assessed as less controllable, complex ones as the most intractable. Conclusions. Psychological resources in situations of varying degrees of uncertainty are emotional experiences, resilience, self-activation and various coping styles. The lower the degree of uncertainty of the life situation, the more pronounced are the resources of resilience and self-activation.","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139139563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective. Exploration of the psychological factors of conflict-related action among Sundanese Muslim students in Indonesia. Background. Religious-based conflicts have been widely examined in various disciplines, attracting responses and factors in every cultural context. Study design. Study 1 used an indigenous-based survey and was analyzed by thematic analysis. Study 2 examined the role of political ideology and perceived injustice in conflict-related behavior using hierarchical regression analysis. Participants. Study 1: 224 people (35,7% of men, 64,3% of women) from 18 to 49 years old (M = 20,98; SD = 3,72). Study 2: 494 people (35,6% of men, 64,4% of women) from 17 to 49 years old (M = 20,00; SD = 1,52). Measurements. Indonesian-language versions of the scales of religious fundamentalism ideology by Muluk and colleagues, violent extremist attitude by Nivette and colleagues, nonviolent direct action by Brown and colleagues, and sensitivity to injustice by Schmitt and colleagues. Results. Study 1 showed specific patterns of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral responses. There are differences in the respondents' responses to conflicts between and within religions. These differences are caused by ideology orientation towards religion and perception of injustice towards their groups. Study 2 confirmed Study 1 that religious fundamentalism predicts both violent and nonviolent behavior. Also, perceived injustice of victims moderates the effect of religious fundamentalism to violent behavior. Meanwhile, perceived injustice of perpetrators predicts only nonviolent behavior. Conclusions. There is a significant effect of religious-based ideology and perceived injustice on conflict-related behavior in the Sundanese Muslim context.
{"title":"Conflict-Related Behavior among Sundanese Muslim Students: The Role of Ideology and Perceived Injustice","authors":"A.A. Rahman, N. Azizah, F.S. Nurdin","doi":"10.17759/sps.2023140404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2023140404","url":null,"abstract":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Objective. </strong>Exploration of the psychological factors of conflict-related action among Sundanese Muslim students in Indonesia. <br><strong>Background. </strong>Religious-based conflicts have been widely examined in various disciplines, attracting responses and factors in every cultural context. <br><strong>Study design. </strong>Study 1 used an indigenous-based survey and was analyzed by thematic analysis. Study 2 examined the role of political ideology and perceived injustice in conflict-related behavior using hierarchical regression analysis. <br><strong>Participants. </strong>Study 1: 224 people (35,7% of men, 64,3% of women) from 18 to 49 years old (<em>M </em>= 20,98; <em>SD</em> = 3,72). Study 2: 494 people (35,6% of men, 64,4% of women) from 17 to 49 years old (<em>M</em> = 20,00; <em>SD</em> = 1,52).<br><strong>Measurements. </strong>Indonesian-language versions of the scales of religious fundamentalism ideology by Muluk and colleagues, violent extremist attitude by Nivette and colleagues, nonviolent direct action by Brown and colleagues, and sensitivity to injustice by Schmitt and colleagues. <br><strong>Results. </strong>Study 1 showed specific patterns of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral responses. There are differences in the respondents' responses to conflicts between and within religions. These differences are caused by ideology orientation towards religion and perception of injustice towards their groups. Study 2 confirmed Study 1 that religious fundamentalism predicts both violent and nonviolent behavior. Also, perceived injustice of victims moderates the effect of religious fundamentalism to violent behavior. Meanwhile, perceived injustice of perpetrators predicts only nonviolent behavior. <br><strong>Conclusions. </strong>There is a significant effect of religious-based ideology and perceived injustice on conflict-related behavior in the Sundanese Muslim context.</p>","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139139771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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