<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Objective.</strong> To consider the forms of social activity as predictors of the formation of beliefs and regional identity.<br><strong>Background. </strong>The social activity of modern youth is characterized by a variety of different forms, both in real and virtual environments. It is necessary to analyze and scientifically comprehend the influence of various forms of social activity on the formation of regional identity and beliefs of young people.<br><strong>Study design. </strong>After carrying out the diagnostic stage of the study, which includes obtaining indicators regarding beliefs, regional identity, as well as social activity, a regression analysis was carried out. This method was used to identify predictors of regional identity and beliefs. All the author's scales have been peer-reviewed by social psychologists and checked for internal consistency.<br><strong>Participants. </strong>920 respondents, 35% male, aged 14-35 years, average age 20 years. Of these, 7% live in rural areas, 24% in small towns, 63% in large cities, and 6% in megacities.<br><strong>Measurements. </strong>Scales aimed at measuring various types of social activity (R.M. Shamionov, M.V. Grigorieva, I.V. Arendachuk, etc.). Author's scales aimed at studying the assessment of civic consciousness. Questionnaire “Scale of basic beliefs” (adapted by O.A. Kravtsova).<br><strong>Results. </strong>The main predictors of regional identity are such forms of social activity as Internet search, professional and subcultural. Positive predictors are a professional group, a subcultural group, and a negative predictor is a form of activity associated with the search for information and social contacts in a virtual environment. No significant predictors among the forms of social activity for the beliefs “Favor of the world” and “Justice of the world” have been identified. For the “Kindness of People” belief, the main positive predictors are civic, professional, and subcultural forms of activity, and the negative predictor is Internet–network activity. The main positive predictor for the belief “Controllability of the world” is civic activity, and the negative one is family and household activity. For the belief “Randomness of what is happening”, the positive predictor is Internet network activity, and the negative predictors are leisure and subcultural. Leisure activity is a positive predictor for the belief in the value of one's self, and subcultural activity is a negative predictor. For the “Degree of self-control” belief, the main positive predictor is Internet network activity, and the negative predictors are socio-political and Internet search activity. The main negative predictor for the belief “Degree of luck” is educational and developmental activity.<br><strong>Conclu
p style=" font - family:宋体;">将社会活动的形式视为信仰和地区认同形成的预测因素。</strong>现代青年的社会活动呈现出多种不同形式的特点,既有现实环境,也有虚拟环境。有必要分析和科学理解各种形式的社会活动对青少年地域认同和信仰形成的影响。<br><strong>研究设计。</strong>在进行了研究的诊断阶段之后,包括获得关于信仰,区域认同以及社会活动的指标,进行了回归分析。该方法用于识别区域认同和信仰的预测因子。所有作者的量表都经过了社会心理学家的同行评审,并检查了内部一致性。</strong>920名受访者,35%男性,年龄14-35岁,平均年龄20岁。其中,7%生活在农村地区,24%生活在小城镇,63%生活在大城市,6%生活在特大城市。</strong>量表旨在测量各种类型的社会活动(R.M. Shamionov, M.V. Grigorieva, I.V. Arendachuk等)。作者的量表旨在研究公民意识的评估。基本信念量表;调查问卷;(改编自o.a.k ravtsova)。<br><strong>Results。</strong>区域认同的主要预测因素是网络搜索、专业和亚文化等社会活动形式。积极预测者是一个专业群体,一个亚文化群体,而消极预测者是一种在虚拟环境中寻找信息和社会联系的活动形式。社会活动的形式对“世界偏好”的信念没有显著的预测作用。和世界的正义”已被确认。为了“善良的人”相信,主要的积极预测因素是公民、专业和亚文化形式的活动,消极预测因素是互联网和网络活动。世界可控性信念的主要正向预测因子是公民活动,消极的是家庭和家庭活动。对于正在发生的事情的随机性的信念,积极的预测因素是互联网网络活动,消极的预测因素是休闲和亚文化。休闲活动对自我价值信念有正向预测作用,亚文化活动对自我价值信念有负向预测作用。对于“其中,网络活动是主要的正向预测因子,社会政治活动和网络搜索活动是主要的负向预测因子。信念的主要负向预测因子& &;运气程度& &;是一种教育和发展活动。<;</strong>年轻人的地域认同在一定程度上取决于他们所参与的社会活动的形式。区域认同的主要预测因素是那些在区域层面(专业、亚文化)的地方群体中实施的社会活动形式。年轻人的社会活动形式对个人基本信念最重要的预测因子是互联网网络活动和亚文化活动,它们对三个基本信念起着预测作用。
{"title":"The Forms of Social Activity as Predictors of Regional Identity among Young People","authors":"M.V. Grigoryeva, A.A. Sharov, A.I. Zagranichniy","doi":"10.17759/sps.2023140105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2023140105","url":null,"abstract":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Objective.</strong> To consider the forms of social activity as predictors of the formation of beliefs and regional identity.<br><strong>Background. </strong>The social activity of modern youth is characterized by a variety of different forms, both in real and virtual environments. It is necessary to analyze and scientifically comprehend the influence of various forms of social activity on the formation of regional identity and beliefs of young people.<br><strong>Study design. </strong>After carrying out the diagnostic stage of the study, which includes obtaining indicators regarding beliefs, regional identity, as well as social activity, a regression analysis was carried out. This method was used to identify predictors of regional identity and beliefs. All the author's scales have been peer-reviewed by social psychologists and checked for internal consistency.<br><strong>Participants. </strong>920 respondents, 35% male, aged 14-35 years, average age 20 years. Of these, 7% live in rural areas, 24% in small towns, 63% in large cities, and 6% in megacities.<br><strong>Measurements. </strong>Scales aimed at measuring various types of social activity (R.M. Shamionov, M.V. Grigorieva, I.V. Arendachuk, etc.). Author's scales aimed at studying the assessment of civic consciousness. Questionnaire &ldquo;Scale of basic beliefs&rdquo; (adapted by O.A. Kravtsova).<br><strong>Results. </strong>The main predictors of regional identity are such forms of social activity as Internet search, professional and subcultural. Positive predictors are a professional group, a subcultural group, and a negative predictor is a form of activity associated with the search for information and social contacts in a virtual environment. No significant predictors among the forms of social activity for the beliefs &ldquo;Favor of the world&rdquo; and &ldquo;Justice of the world&rdquo; have been identified. For the &ldquo;Kindness of People&rdquo; belief, the main positive predictors are civic, professional, and subcultural forms of activity, and the negative predictor is Internet&ndash;network activity. The main positive predictor for the belief &ldquo;Controllability of the world&rdquo; is civic activity, and the negative one is family and household activity. For the belief &ldquo;Randomness of what is happening&rdquo;, the positive predictor is Internet network activity, and the negative predictors are leisure and subcultural. Leisure activity is a positive predictor for the belief in the value of one's self, and subcultural activity is a negative predictor. For the &ldquo;Degree of self-control&rdquo; belief, the main positive predictor is Internet network activity, and the negative predictors are socio-political and Internet search activity. The main negative predictor for the belief &ldquo;Degree of luck&rdquo; is educational and developmental activity.<br><strong>Conclu","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135479359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Sheinov, T.V. Belykh, N.A. Nizovskikh, A.S. Dziavitsyn
Objective. Identification and analysis of personal correlates of dependence on social networks in Belarusian and Russian respondents. Context and relevance. Social networks have now become very popular as a means of communication, but their excessive use is associated with the psychological risks of addiction. Identification of the relationship between addiction to social networks and the personal characteristics of their active users can contribute to the timely prevention of addictive behavior. Study design. The study was carried out using a socio-psychological survey to identify a set of personality characteristics and their relationship with indicators of dependence on social networks in Russian and Belarusian men and women separately. Participants. The 766 respondents: 404 Belarusians (74,3% women) and 362 Russians (65,7% women). The average age of the participants was 20,5 years (SD = 5,4). Methods (tools). The personality questionnaires; the analysis of the correlations of social media addiction with impulsivity, narcissism, exposure to manipulation, assertiveness, and smartphone addiction. Results. The dependence on social networks in all respondents is positively correlated with impulsivity and dependence on a smartphone (smartphone addiction). The correlate social media addiction and assertiveness, narcissism, and vulnerability to manipulation differs between Belarusian and Russian men and women. Conclusions. The correlations of dependence on social networks with the personal characteristics of users revealed during the study can be taken into account in explanatory, preventive and corrective work.
{"title":"Personal Correlates of Dependence on Social Networks of Belarusian and Russian Men and Women","authors":"V. Sheinov, T.V. Belykh, N.A. Nizovskikh, A.S. Dziavitsyn","doi":"10.17759/sps.2023140108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2023140108","url":null,"abstract":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Objective. </strong>Identification and analysis of personal correlates of dependence on social networks in Belarusian and Russian respondents.<br><strong>Context and relevance. </strong>Social networks have now become very popular as a means of communication, but their excessive use is associated with the psychological risks of addiction. Identification of the relationship between addiction to social networks and the personal characteristics of their active users can contribute to the timely prevention of addictive behavior.<br><strong>Study design. </strong>The study was carried out using a socio-psychological survey to identify a set of personality characteristics and their relationship with indicators of dependence on social networks in Russian and Belarusian men and women separately.<br><strong>Participants. </strong>The 766 respondents: 404 Belarusians (74,3% women) and 362 Russians (65,7% women). The average age of the participants was 20,5 years (<em>SD </em>= 5,4).<br><strong>Methods (tools). </strong>The personality questionnaires; the analysis of the correlations of social media addiction with impulsivity, narcissism, exposure to manipulation, assertiveness, and smartphone addiction.<br><strong>Results. </strong>The dependence on social networks in all respondents is positively correlated with impulsivity and dependence on a smartphone (smartphone addiction). The correlate social media addiction and assertiveness, narcissism, and vulnerability to manipulation differs between Belarusian and Russian men and women.<br><strong>Conclusions. </strong>The correlations of dependence on social networks with the personal characteristics of users revealed during the study can be taken into account in explanatory, preventive and corrective work. <em> </em></p>","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135479354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A.M. Muminova, A. Titov, A. Batkhina, D. Grigoryev
Objectives. To extract profiles of Russian political identity in terms of attitude to the conservative agenda, main ideologies, political parties, and institutions among Russians, as well as to identify the connections of these profiles with moral foundations and motivation for system justification and resistance to change. Subsequent analysis showing what is consolidating and what is divisive among the participants, as well as the key dimensions along which this split takes place.Background. A simple analysis of attitudes towards individual politicians and political parties and other subjects of politics does not allow to understand the relatively stable political views of Russians. At the same time, ideological closeness or disagreement is not psychologically accidental, even among those who are poorly versed in politics. There are always some pre-political psychological variables that reflect the predisposition of people to accept certain explicit ideological preferences that are reflected in specific profiles of political identity.Study design. Cross-sectional one-sample correlation design using data from socio-psychological survey. A person-centered approach was applied in the form of latent profile analysis.Participants. There were 224 participants in study 1 and 125 participants in study 2.Measurements. Moral foundations (Graham et al., 2011), attitude toward conservative agenda (Everett, 2013), system justification (Jost, 2015), resistance to change (White et al., 2020), feelings thermometer (Converse et al., 1980).Results. The greatest differences between the profiles of the Russian political identity were observed in the positive attitude toward capitalism, free market, and freedom of speech, as well as toward the president, patriotism, monarchy, military and national security. These differences were related to support for the current Russian political course and the manifestation of loyalty to it. The differences between the profiles were more related to the binding moral foundations, while the idea of fairness was equally important for Russians with any of the profiles found.Conclusions. Authoritarian submission can be considered a key psychological foundation of the Russian political identity. On the other hand, political views are differentiated by the choice between the demand for security (stabil’nost’) or development (i.e., accepting the risks of changes for the future development, or abandoning them in favor of security, stability, predictability of the current political course).
目标。从俄罗斯人对保守议程、主要意识形态、政党和制度的态度等方面提取俄罗斯政治认同的概况,并确定这些概况与道德基础、制度辩护动机和抵制变革的联系。随后的分析显示了参与者之间什么是巩固的,什么是分裂的,以及分裂发生的关键方面。简单分析对个别政治家、政党和其他政治主体的态度,无法理解俄罗斯人相对稳定的政治观点。与此同时,意识形态上的亲近或分歧在心理上也不是偶然的,即使对那些不太精通政治的人来说也是如此。总有一些前政治心理变量反映了人们接受某些明确的意识形态偏好的倾向,这些偏好反映在政治认同的特定概况中。研究设计。使用社会心理学调查数据的横断面单样本相关设计。以人为本的方法以潜在特征分析的形式被应用。研究1中有224人,研究2中有125人。道德基础(Graham et al., 2011),对保守议程的态度(Everett, 2013),制度辩护(Jost, 2015),对变革的抵制(White et al., 2020),情感温度计(Converse et al., 1980)。俄罗斯政治认同的最大差异是对资本主义、自由市场和言论自由的积极态度,以及对总统、爱国主义、君主制、军事和国家安全的积极态度。这些差异与对当前俄罗斯政治路线的支持和对它的忠诚有关。两种性格特征之间的差异更多地与约束道德基础有关,而公平的观念对任何一种性格特征的俄罗斯人来说都同样重要。专制服从可以被认为是俄罗斯政治认同的关键心理基础。另一方面,政治观点的区别在于对安全(“最稳定”)或发展(即为了未来的发展而接受变化的风险,或放弃它们,以支持安全、稳定和当前政治进程的可预测性)的需求之间的选择。
{"title":"Russian Political Identity Profiles: The Role of Moral Foundations, System Justification, and Resistance to Change","authors":"A.M. Muminova, A. Titov, A. Batkhina, D. Grigoryev","doi":"10.17759/sps.2022130107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2022130107","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To extract profiles of Russian political identity in terms of attitude to the conservative agenda, main ideologies, political parties, and institutions among Russians, as well as to identify the connections of these profiles with moral foundations and motivation for system justification and resistance to change. Subsequent analysis showing what is consolidating and what is divisive among the participants, as well as the key dimensions along which this split takes place.Background. A simple analysis of attitudes towards individual politicians and political parties and other subjects of politics does not allow to understand the relatively stable political views of Russians. At the same time, ideological closeness or disagreement is not psychologically accidental, even among those who are poorly versed in politics. There are always some pre-political psychological variables that reflect the predisposition of people to accept certain explicit ideological preferences that are reflected in specific profiles of political identity.Study design. Cross-sectional one-sample correlation design using data from socio-psychological survey. A person-centered approach was applied in the form of latent profile analysis.Participants. There were 224 participants in study 1 and 125 participants in study 2.Measurements. Moral foundations (Graham et al., 2011), attitude toward conservative agenda (Everett, 2013), system justification (Jost, 2015), resistance to change (White et al., 2020), feelings thermometer (Converse et al., 1980).Results. The greatest differences between the profiles of the Russian political identity were observed in the positive attitude toward capitalism, free market, and freedom of speech, as well as toward the president, patriotism, monarchy, military and national security. These differences were related to support for the current Russian political course and the manifestation of loyalty to it. The differences between the profiles were more related to the binding moral foundations, while the idea of fairness was equally important for Russians with any of the profiles found.Conclusions. Authoritarian submission can be considered a key psychological foundation of the Russian political identity. On the other hand, political views are differentiated by the choice between the demand for security (stabil’nost’) or development (i.e., accepting the risks of changes for the future development, or abandoning them in favor of security, stability, predictability of the current political course).","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81400934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Postnikova, A. Miklyaeva, N. Sivrikova, L. A. Regush
Objective. The article presents the result of researching Hardiness of generations living in different regions of North-West Russia. The aim of the research is to identify changes in Hardiness of generations over the past decade.Background. The modern social context (urbanization, informatization, pandemic, etc.) actualizes the problem of finding resources that allow a person to cope with life’s difficulties. So it’s safe to say that the residents of megapolis have certain qualities that distinguish them from the residents of regional centers and small cities, which are a means of adapting to the specifics of an aggressive urban environment. Therefore, the characteristics of hardiness, as the ability of the individual to withstand a stressful situation, while maintaining internal balance without compromising performance, in terms of socialization (metropolis/regional center) seems quite reasonable.Study design. The research of generationsʹ hardiness in 2009 and in 2019 with the aim of identifying its changes and regional specificities was completed. The description of changes in hardiness is presented on the example of a megalopolis and a regional center of the North-West of Russia.Participants. Sample: 769 people, including in 2009 — 362 people (40.6% of men, 59.4% of women) from 19 to 69 years old and in 2019 — 407 people (34.6% of men and 65.4% of women) from 27 to 82 years old.Measurements. We studied values using the Russian version of Maddi’s Hardiness Survey adapted by D.A. Leont’ev, E.I. Rasskazova (2006). Statistical processing of the research results was carried out with the help of Statistica 10.0 software package.Results. A significant changes of the hardiness in the population of the North-West of Russia over the past decade has been recorded. The increased hardiness is observed in representatives of the Post-war, Soviet, and Transitional generations, while a decrease in hardiness is found in the sample of the Post-Soviet generation. There are no differences in the generational dynamics of the resilience of residents of St. Petersburg and Arkhangelsk.Conclusions. Generational affiliation is one of the factors that mediate the dynamics of hardiness at various stages of a person’s life path.
{"title":"Changes in the Hardiness of Generationsʼ Representatives of Russians at the Beginning of the XXI Century","authors":"M. Postnikova, A. Miklyaeva, N. Sivrikova, L. A. Regush","doi":"10.17759/sps.2022130106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2022130106","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. The article presents the result of researching Hardiness of generations living in different regions of North-West Russia. The aim of the research is to identify changes in Hardiness of generations over the past decade.Background. The modern social context (urbanization, informatization, pandemic, etc.) actualizes the problem of finding resources that allow a person to cope with life’s difficulties. So it’s safe to say that the residents of megapolis have certain qualities that distinguish them from the residents of regional centers and small cities, which are a means of adapting to the specifics of an aggressive urban environment. Therefore, the characteristics of hardiness, as the ability of the individual to withstand a stressful situation, while maintaining internal balance without compromising performance, in terms of socialization (metropolis/regional center) seems quite reasonable.Study design. The research of generationsʹ hardiness in 2009 and in 2019 with the aim of identifying its changes and regional specificities was completed. The description of changes in hardiness is presented on the example of a megalopolis and a regional center of the North-West of Russia.Participants. Sample: 769 people, including in 2009 — 362 people (40.6% of men, 59.4% of women) from 19 to 69 years old and in 2019 — 407 people (34.6% of men and 65.4% of women) from 27 to 82 years old.Measurements. We studied values using the Russian version of Maddi’s Hardiness Survey adapted by D.A. Leont’ev, E.I. Rasskazova (2006). Statistical processing of the research results was carried out with the help of Statistica 10.0 software package.Results. A significant changes of the hardiness in the population of the North-West of Russia over the past decade has been recorded. The increased hardiness is observed in representatives of the Post-war, Soviet, and Transitional generations, while a decrease in hardiness is found in the sample of the Post-Soviet generation. There are no differences in the generational dynamics of the resilience of residents of St. Petersburg and Arkhangelsk.Conclusions. Generational affiliation is one of the factors that mediate the dynamics of hardiness at various stages of a person’s life path.","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78535346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective. To analyze the effect of privacy violation experience on privacy-protective behaviorsBackground. In the era of rapid development of Internet technologies, privacy issues call for scientific reflection. Understanding the factors that regulate online user behavior might assist in elaborating the adequate privacy policy.Study design. Regression analysis provides a parametric evaluation of the effect of privacy experience on usage of privacy settings. Various matching technics were applied for preliminary balancing of the control (N=215) and treatment groups (N=160) by a set of key covariates.Participants. Users of the largest Russian online social network VKontakte from the Russian city Vologda. The sample size is 375 respondents (55% female) from 16 to 83 age (Mean=32,5; Med.=31; SD=12,9).Measurements. Both survey data on privacy experience and observed behavioral data on privacy settings from users’ online accounts were used. Additionally, the scale of P. Totterdell & D. Holman on propensity to make social connection and M. Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale were adopted in the studyResults. The experience of privacy violation does not lead to the cautious behavior online: the users tend to regulate only the access to the public posts on profile due to past bad experience. The privacy settings literacy turns significantly affect the usage of privacy settings.Conclusions. The findings support the “privacy paradox” hypothesis. As having specific online privacy management skills encourages more cautious behavior online, digital literacy interventions can improve the safety of social networking sites.
{"title":"Online Social Media Communication: the Effect of Having Privacy Violation Experience on Online Behavior","authors":"Yadviga Sinyavskaya","doi":"10.17759/sps.2022130103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2022130103","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To analyze the effect of privacy violation experience on privacy-protective behaviorsBackground. In the era of rapid development of Internet technologies, privacy issues call for scientific reflection. Understanding the factors that regulate online user behavior might assist in elaborating the adequate privacy policy.Study design. Regression analysis provides a parametric evaluation of the effect of privacy experience on usage of privacy settings. Various matching technics were applied for preliminary balancing of the control (N=215) and treatment groups (N=160) by a set of key covariates.Participants. Users of the largest Russian online social network VKontakte from the Russian city Vologda. The sample size is 375 respondents (55% female) from 16 to 83 age (Mean=32,5; Med.=31; SD=12,9).Measurements. Both survey data on privacy experience and observed behavioral data on privacy settings from users’ online accounts were used. Additionally, the scale of P. Totterdell & D. Holman on propensity to make social connection and M. Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale were adopted in the studyResults. The experience of privacy violation does not lead to the cautious behavior online: the users tend to regulate only the access to the public posts on profile due to past bad experience. The privacy settings literacy turns significantly affect the usage of privacy settings.Conclusions. The findings support the “privacy paradox” hypothesis. As having specific online privacy management skills encourages more cautious behavior online, digital literacy interventions can improve the safety of social networking sites.","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82961364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective. The aim of the study is to develop and test a scale that would measure the volume and intensity of social exclusion experience in interpersonal relationships in a dyad and a small group.Background. In modern highly competitive social environments, interpersonal interactions include a significant number of practices of social exclusion. However, to date, there is no domestic scale that would measure the individual (reflected) experience and its intensity.Study design. The study was carried out using a socio-psychological survey.Participants. In total, 468 people took part in the study: at the first stage — 116 people (average age 23,5), at the second stage — 352 people (average age 21,45).Measurements. The survey scale “Experiencing social exclusion (ESE)” was developed and validated, consisting of three subscales: “Experiencing school bullying”, “Experiencing rejection in a dyad”, “Experiencing exclusion from status figures”.Results. Consistent and retest reliability and validity of the method have been proven. The main types of interactions in which a person gets the experience of social exclusion, the volume and intensity of his experience have been determined.Conclusions. The scale can be used both for research and for applied purposes.
{"title":"Social Exclusion: Development and Testing of the Scale","authors":"G. Semenova, S. Vekilova, O. Rudykhina","doi":"10.17759/sps.2022130307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2022130307","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. The aim of the study is to develop and test a scale that would measure the volume and intensity of social exclusion experience in interpersonal relationships in a dyad and a small group.Background. In modern highly competitive social environments, interpersonal interactions include a significant number of practices of social exclusion. However, to date, there is no domestic scale that would measure the individual (reflected) experience and its intensity.Study design. The study was carried out using a socio-psychological survey.Participants. In total, 468 people took part in the study: at the first stage — 116 people (average age 23,5), at the second stage — 352 people (average age 21,45).Measurements. The survey scale “Experiencing social exclusion (ESE)” was developed and validated, consisting of three subscales: “Experiencing school bullying”, “Experiencing rejection in a dyad”, “Experiencing exclusion from status figures”.Results. Consistent and retest reliability and validity of the method have been proven. The main types of interactions in which a person gets the experience of social exclusion, the volume and intensity of his experience have been determined.Conclusions. The scale can be used both for research and for applied purposes.","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74406075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective. An adaptation of the Russian version of the Organizational Cynicism Scale, which has been used worldwide for more than twenty years.Background. Life in organizations is one of the most important aspects of human social life. The challenges of maintaining organizational resilience and a healthy organizational culture, as well as considering the needs of workers and respecting their personality and psychological well-being, require reliable, valid, convenient, and concise tools for assessing the working environment. The Organizational Cynicism Scale is one of the most authoritative methods for dealing with these problems.Study design. The study was conducted according to the correlation plan; the data was collected online using the 1ka.si service.Participants. The study sample included 424 respondents: 296 women (69,80%), 128 men (30,20%). Age from 19 to 84 years (Mage=40). Average experience of respondents — 16,76 years; predominantly Russian citizens (N=385; 90%), representatives of various professional fields.Measurements. We used the target methodology — the scale of organizational cynicism and auxiliary methodology — the scale of commitment to the office. EFA and CFA, examining reliability due to Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and correlation analysis were used. SPSS 19.0 and AMOS programs were used for data processing.Results. Good results of CFA have indicated the structure identical to the original one (three subscales — Cognitive, Emotional and Behavioral aspects of organizational cynicism). The structural, convergent and partially content validity of the scale was confirmed. There were no gender differences in the scale scores; there is a negative age trend found.Conclusions. The Russian-language adaptation of the Organizational Cynicism Scale is a valid and reliable tool and can be recommended for solving various problems of organizational psychology.
{"title":"The Organizational Cynicism Scale: an Adaptation on the Russian-Speaking Sample","authors":"M. Pavlova, M.M. Dzyubenko, S. Nartova-Bochaver","doi":"10.17759/sps.2022130311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2022130311","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. An adaptation of the Russian version of the Organizational Cynicism Scale, which has been used worldwide for more than twenty years.Background. Life in organizations is one of the most important aspects of human social life. The challenges of maintaining organizational resilience and a healthy organizational culture, as well as considering the needs of workers and respecting their personality and psychological well-being, require reliable, valid, convenient, and concise tools for assessing the working environment. The Organizational Cynicism Scale is one of the most authoritative methods for dealing with these problems.Study design. The study was conducted according to the correlation plan; the data was collected online using the 1ka.si service.Participants. The study sample included 424 respondents: 296 women (69,80%), 128 men (30,20%). Age from 19 to 84 years (Mage=40). Average experience of respondents — 16,76 years; predominantly Russian citizens (N=385; 90%), representatives of various professional fields.Measurements. We used the target methodology — the scale of organizational cynicism and auxiliary methodology — the scale of commitment to the office. EFA and CFA, examining reliability due to Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and correlation analysis were used. SPSS 19.0 and AMOS programs were used for data processing.Results. Good results of CFA have indicated the structure identical to the original one (three subscales — Cognitive, Emotional and Behavioral aspects of organizational cynicism). The structural, convergent and partially content validity of the scale was confirmed. There were no gender differences in the scale scores; there is a negative age trend found.Conclusions. The Russian-language adaptation of the Organizational Cynicism Scale is a valid and reliable tool and can be recommended for solving various problems of organizational psychology.","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77875652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective. The study, based on a comparative analysis, provides an answer to the question about the features of designing strategies for involvement in scientific activities among male and female students at regional universities. Background. Traditionally, science is considered a male field of activity, less accessible to women. The article presents a point of view according to which gender stereotypes are the basis of gender asymmetry in science. A special role in the transmission of gender norms at the stage of primary gender socialization is assigned to the family and school, while the fact of gender stereotyping constructed by education in the choice of profession is stated. Girls, even with academic success, reproduce outdated gender stereotypes, considering science as a sphere of “male self-realization”. Study design. The collection of data on the social perceptions and social attitudes of the students was carried out using the "Scientific Priorities" questionnaire (25 statements about science). This questionnaire was filled in by the study participants based on 8 modalities (“important to me”/high personal importance; “ready to participate”/willingness to act; “important for my faculty”; “important for my university”; “important for the Russian science”; “important for the development of science and universities in the countries of the East”; “important for the development of science and universities in the countries of the West”; “important for the development of world science as a whole”). Next, a comparative analysis of 2 groups (male and female students) was used with interpretation in line with gender methodology. Participants. Sample: 387 students (321 female students and 66 male students) specializing in medicine, psychology and pedagogy from the universities of Kirov, Kursk and Nizhny Novgorod. Measurements. The survey questionnaire “Scientific priorities” focused on the objectives of the study was used. The statements in the questionnaire are combined into four blocks: traditional ideas about the development of science; current trends; block of socio-economic deprivation; sensitivity to political change. Results. At regional universities, male students studying at the faculties of “helping professions”, defining the priorities of scientific development, formulate them in accordance with the values and priorities of “male culture”: a technological bias, a high role of competition and an orientation towards a high status of a scientist in society. At regional universities, female students studying at the faculties of “helping professions” demonstrate an interest in the development of science, but do not consider science as a “personal project”. In addition, when studying the social ideas and attitudes of students in the field of science development, the phenomenon of a positive assessment of a remote object was revealed. Among the male and female students surveyed, the social perceptions of Russian science turned out to be the most
目标。本研究在比较分析的基础上,回答了地方高校男女学生参与科学活动策略设计特点的问题。背景。传统上,科学被认为是男性的活动领域,女性较少接触。本文提出性别刻板印象是科学中性别不对称的基础的观点。在初级性别社会化阶段,家庭和学校在传递性别规范方面起着特殊的作用,同时指出了教育在选择职业方面形成的性别定型观念。女孩即使在学业上取得成功,也会重复过时的性别刻板印象,认为科学是“男性自我实现”的领域。研究设计。学生社会观念和社会态度的数据收集采用“科学优先”问卷(25项关于科学的陈述)。本问卷由研究参与者根据8种模式填写(“对我重要”/个人重要性高;ready to participate /愿意行动;“对我的教员很重要”;“对我的大学很重要”;“对俄罗斯科学很重要”;“对东方国家的科学和大学的发展很重要”;“对西方国家的科学和大学的发展很重要”;“对整个世界科学的发展很重要”)。其次,对两组学生(男、女)进行比较分析,并按照性别方法进行解释。参与者。样本:基洛夫、库尔斯克和下诺夫哥罗德大学医学、心理学和教育学专业的387名学生(321名女生和66名男生)。测量。调查问卷“科学优先级”侧重于研究的目标。问卷中的陈述分为四个部分:关于科学发展的传统观念;目前的趋势;社会经济剥夺障碍;对政治变化的敏感性。结果。在地区大学,在“帮助性专业”院系学习的男性学生确定了科学发展的优先事项,并根据“男性文化”的价值观和优先事项制定了这些优先事项:技术偏见、高度竞争的作用和朝向科学家在社会中的高地位。在地方大学,在“帮助专业”院系学习的女学生表现出对科学发展的兴趣,但不认为科学是一项“个人项目”。此外,在研究学生在科学发展领域的社会观念和态度时,揭示了对一个遥远的目标的积极评价现象。在接受调查的男女学生中,对俄罗斯科学的社会看法是最相似的。结论。结果表明,在学生自我概念层面再现的性别刻板印象倾向于支持“科学男性化”的通常形式。然而,要恢复女学生在科学工作领域的地位,仅仅改变性别刻板印象和社会观念是不够的。为了支持女性研究人员,需要社会项目来帮助女孩将科学职业生活和母亲身份结合起来。
{"title":"The Development of Science as a Personal Project: Male and Female Students about the Prospects of the Development of Russian Science","authors":"N. Radina, L.E. Semyonova, A. Kozlova","doi":"10.17759/sps.2022130405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2022130405","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. The study, based on a comparative analysis, provides an answer to the question about the features of designing strategies for involvement in scientific activities among male and female students at regional universities. Background. Traditionally, science is considered a male field of activity, less accessible to women. The article presents a point of view according to which gender stereotypes are the basis of gender asymmetry in science. A special role in the transmission of gender norms at the stage of primary gender socialization is assigned to the family and school, while the fact of gender stereotyping constructed by education in the choice of profession is stated. Girls, even with academic success, reproduce outdated gender stereotypes, considering science as a sphere of “male self-realization”. Study design. The collection of data on the social perceptions and social attitudes of the students was carried out using the \"Scientific Priorities\" questionnaire (25 statements about science). This questionnaire was filled in by the study participants based on 8 modalities (“important to me”/high personal importance; “ready to participate”/willingness to act; “important for my faculty”; “important for my university”; “important for the Russian science”; “important for the development of science and universities in the countries of the East”; “important for the development of science and universities in the countries of the West”; “important for the development of world science as a whole”). Next, a comparative analysis of 2 groups (male and female students) was used with interpretation in line with gender methodology. Participants. Sample: 387 students (321 female students and 66 male students) specializing in medicine, psychology and pedagogy from the universities of Kirov, Kursk and Nizhny Novgorod. Measurements. The survey questionnaire “Scientific priorities” focused on the objectives of the study was used. The statements in the questionnaire are combined into four blocks: traditional ideas about the development of science; current trends; block of socio-economic deprivation; sensitivity to political change. Results. At regional universities, male students studying at the faculties of “helping professions”, defining the priorities of scientific development, formulate them in accordance with the values and priorities of “male culture”: a technological bias, a high role of competition and an orientation towards a high status of a scientist in society. At regional universities, female students studying at the faculties of “helping professions” demonstrate an interest in the development of science, but do not consider science as a “personal project”. In addition, when studying the social ideas and attitudes of students in the field of science development, the phenomenon of a positive assessment of a remote object was revealed. Among the male and female students surveyed, the social perceptions of Russian science turned out to be the most","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84222732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective. Pre-stimulus effects of extreme personal valence on the perception of an ambivalent person.Background. The purpose of modern information technologies is not only to inform, but also to form certain views and opinions. These technologies are used in the media space, as well as in other areas of social interaction. The effects of behavioral conditioning, or priming, play an important role in the perception construction. At the same time, the question of the factors leading to its direct (assimilative) and inverse (contrast) effects remains poorly understood. Thus, any forecast of behavioral reactions in vivo becomes too imprecise.Study design. During the experiment, participants watched video interviews with a target object (male or female), who answered the Short Dark Triad questions, demonstrating the ambivalence of dark features. In two experimental groups, the perception of the target object was preceded by the presentation of an extremely “bad” or extremely “good” personality. In the control group, the target object was presented without pre-stimulus exposure. After viewing, the participants completed the Target Attitude Scale. The data were processed using ANOVA. Additionally, the effects of gender on the attitude variable were monitored.Participants. The sample consisted of 608 students from 17 to 35 years old (M=20.17, SD=1.53), including 173 men (28%) and 435 women (72%).Measurements. Short Dark Triad by D. Jones and D. Paulhus, adapted by M.S. Egorova et al., The Scale of the General Attitude to the Perceived Object by S.A. Shchebetenko et al.Results. The general attitude towards an ambivalent object, measured by the Scale of the General Attitude to the Perceived Object, becomes significantly more positive after presentation of a negative pre-stimulus, compared to the control and a positive pre-stimulus conditions (p<0.001). In the male sample, there is no significant effect of a negative pre-stimulus on the perception of a woman with an ambivalent representation of dark features (p>0.10).Conclusions. Pre-stimulus of extreme intensity can determine the contrast effect not only in perception of abstract object, but also in perception of ambivalent person. It is shown that the preliminary presentation of an extremely negative person shifts the assessment of the ambivalent person upward. An extremely positive person pre-stimulus does not make the same effect. The effect of a negative pre-stimulus is significant in the perception of men by women, but does not extend to the perception of women by men.
目标。极端个人效价对矛盾人格知觉的预刺激效应。背景。现代信息技术的目的不仅仅是提供信息,而是形成一定的观点和意见。这些技术用于媒体空间以及社会互动的其他领域。行为条件反射或启动效应在知觉构建中起着重要作用。与此同时,导致其直接(同化)和反向(对比)效应的因素问题仍然知之甚少。因此,任何对体内行为反应的预测都变得过于不精确。研究设计。在实验过程中,参与者观看了与目标对象(男性或女性)的访谈视频,该对象回答了短黑暗三位一体问题,展示了黑暗特征的矛盾心理。在两个实验组中,在对目标对象的感知之前,会呈现出极其“坏”或极其“好”的个性。在对照组中,目标物体没有预先刺激暴露。观看后,参与者完成目标态度量表。数据采用方差分析处理。此外,还观察了性别对态度变量的影响。样本由608名17至35岁的学生组成(M=20.17, SD=1.53),其中男性173人(28%),女性435人(72%)。D. Jones和D. Paulhus的《Short Dark Triad》,由ms . Egorova等人改编;sa . Shchebetenko等人的《对被感知对象的一般态度量表》。通过对被感知对象的一般态度量表测量,与对照组和正面预刺激条件相比,出现负面预刺激条件后,被试对矛盾对象的一般态度显著变得更加积极(p0.10)。极端强度的预刺激不仅可以决定抽象对象知觉的对比效果,还可以决定矛盾人知觉的对比效果。结果表明,极端消极者的初步呈现会使矛盾者的评价向上转移。一个非常积极的人的预刺激不会产生同样的效果。负面预刺激的影响在女性对男性的感知中是显著的,但并不延伸到男性对女性的感知中。
{"title":"Perception of an Ambivalent Other Under Conditions of Contrasting Pre-Stimulation","authors":"M. V. Baleva","doi":"10.17759/sps.2022130303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2022130303","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. Pre-stimulus effects of extreme personal valence on the perception of an ambivalent person.Background. The purpose of modern information technologies is not only to inform, but also to form certain views and opinions. These technologies are used in the media space, as well as in other areas of social interaction. The effects of behavioral conditioning, or priming, play an important role in the perception construction. At the same time, the question of the factors leading to its direct (assimilative) and inverse (contrast) effects remains poorly understood. Thus, any forecast of behavioral reactions in vivo becomes too imprecise.Study design. During the experiment, participants watched video interviews with a target object (male or female), who answered the Short Dark Triad questions, demonstrating the ambivalence of dark features. In two experimental groups, the perception of the target object was preceded by the presentation of an extremely “bad” or extremely “good” personality. In the control group, the target object was presented without pre-stimulus exposure. After viewing, the participants completed the Target Attitude Scale. The data were processed using ANOVA. Additionally, the effects of gender on the attitude variable were monitored.Participants. The sample consisted of 608 students from 17 to 35 years old (M=20.17, SD=1.53), including 173 men (28%) and 435 women (72%).Measurements. Short Dark Triad by D. Jones and D. Paulhus, adapted by M.S. Egorova et al., The Scale of the General Attitude to the Perceived Object by S.A. Shchebetenko et al.Results. The general attitude towards an ambivalent object, measured by the Scale of the General Attitude to the Perceived Object, becomes significantly more positive after presentation of a negative pre-stimulus, compared to the control and a positive pre-stimulus conditions (p<0.001). In the male sample, there is no significant effect of a negative pre-stimulus on the perception of a woman with an ambivalent representation of dark features (p>0.10).Conclusions. Pre-stimulus of extreme intensity can determine the contrast effect not only in perception of abstract object, but also in perception of ambivalent person. It is shown that the preliminary presentation of an extremely negative person shifts the assessment of the ambivalent person upward. An extremely positive person pre-stimulus does not make the same effect. The effect of a negative pre-stimulus is significant in the perception of men by women, but does not extend to the perception of women by men.","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74356769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective. Identification of the peculiarities of adult children’s perception of themselves and their parents, the study of identification as identification (similarity) of the image of the self of adult children with the image of the father and mother using the eye-tracking technology and the projective approach.Background. Context and relevance. In the modern world, the mechanisms of identification and social perception are changing, and numerous online interactions (with strangers, strangers) occur in parallel with offline interaction. Therefore, the question of the significance of the images of parents in family identification and perception becomes open.Study design. Using oculography technology and projective procedures determined characteristics of self-perception, and then by matching and comparison revealed the degree of identification (similarity) of the image I adult children with the image of the father and mother checked the relationship of the obtained images.Participants. The study involved 132 people studying in the bachelor’s and master’s degree programs of Moscow universities, including 94 (71%) female and 38 (29%) male students. The age of the subjects-from 16 to 46 years (M=20,9, SD=6,2).Measurements. Diagnostic (oculographic and projective), comparative analysis, and mathematical statistics.Results. As a result of the study, the diagnostic procedures were evaluated, a description of the revealed specifics of self-identification, social perception and family identification was presented, and a comparative analysis of the results of perceptual and identification processes in the study participants was made.Conclusions. The process of identification, despite the multiplying and deepening virtualization of the modern world, constantly occurs in significant, subject-subject relations. The modern urban family does not “break up” into individuals, but changes the levels and forms of integration between them. The increased importance of biological family and relations with parents shows a similarity in the reproduction of its parent image, gender performance and personal properties. The mother is a significant standard for emotional and personal identification (the private sphere of self-realization) of adult children, and the father becomes such a standard for the formation of an axiological orientation (the public sphere of self-realization). In the perception of parents, there are more imitative moments, in the identification — explicative ones.
{"title":"I am Mother-Father: a Study of Intra-Family Perception and Identification by Oculography and Projection Methods","authors":"Российская Федерация","doi":"10.17759/sps.2022130304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2022130304","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. Identification of the peculiarities of adult children’s perception of themselves and their parents, the study of identification as identification (similarity) of the image of the self of adult children with the image of the father and mother using the eye-tracking technology and the projective approach.Background. Context and relevance. In the modern world, the mechanisms of identification and social perception are changing, and numerous online interactions (with strangers, strangers) occur in parallel with offline interaction. Therefore, the question of the significance of the images of parents in family identification and perception becomes open.Study design. Using oculography technology and projective procedures determined characteristics of self-perception, and then by matching and comparison revealed the degree of identification (similarity) of the image I adult children with the image of the father and mother checked the relationship of the obtained images.Participants. The study involved 132 people studying in the bachelor’s and master’s degree programs of Moscow universities, including 94 (71%) female and 38 (29%) male students. The age of the subjects-from 16 to 46 years (M=20,9, SD=6,2).Measurements. Diagnostic (oculographic and projective), comparative analysis, and mathematical statistics.Results. As a result of the study, the diagnostic procedures were evaluated, a description of the revealed specifics of self-identification, social perception and family identification was presented, and a comparative analysis of the results of perceptual and identification processes in the study participants was made.Conclusions. The process of identification, despite the multiplying and deepening virtualization of the modern world, constantly occurs in significant, subject-subject relations. The modern urban family does not “break up” into individuals, but changes the levels and forms of integration between them. The increased importance of biological family and relations with parents shows a similarity in the reproduction of its parent image, gender performance and personal properties. The mother is a significant standard for emotional and personal identification (the private sphere of self-realization) of adult children, and the father becomes such a standard for the formation of an axiological orientation (the public sphere of self-realization). In the perception of parents, there are more imitative moments, in the identification — explicative ones.","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85609340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}