Objective. Development of general theoretical and methodological concepts for the analysis of the interaction "human-robot" as a holistic human-technological gestalt; introduction into scientific circulation of the concept of human-technological reality; the formulation of the author's definition of personal space as a methodological basis for the study of human-technological relations. Background. The creation of high-tech computer cognitive agents and humanoid robots are becoming a priority subject of scientific research in various fields of knowledge. The main difficulty in moving towards any single generally valid results lies in the fact that in each discipline the problem is investigated within the framework of its inherent terminology. The multivariance of interpretations of studies of human-social robot interaction is especially observed between representatives of the humanities, specialists in the field of artificial intelligence and engineering programming. There is a need for a systematic elaboration of the conceptual and categorical apparatus used to describe the phenomena of human-technological reality, in which a person coexists with new technological beings, is called upon to establish a certain level of relations with them, redistribute personal space, and form new models of social interaction. Methodology. Convergent approach, system analysis, principle of integrity, typology of relations "I-Thou" by S.L. Frank. Conclusions. Consideration of the typology of I-Thou relations, the author's definition of personal space, the introduction into scientific circulation of the concept of human-technological reality, highlighting the features of human-technological relations are proposed for use as a conceptual and methodological toolkit for researching human-robot interaction as a phenomenon of social interaction.
p style="text-align: align: align;"><发展一般的理论和方法论概念，以分析“人-机器人”作为一个整体的人-技术格式塔的相互作用;人-技术现实概念在科学流通中的引入作者对个人空间的定义的形成，作为研究人类与技术关系的方法论基础。高科技计算机认知代理和类人机器人的创造正在成为各个知识领域科学研究的优先课题。走向任何单一的普遍有效结果的主要困难在于，在每个学科中，问题都是在其固有术语的框架内进行研究的。人类-社会-机器人交互研究的多元解释在人文学科的代表、人工智能和工程编程领域的专家之间尤其明显。有必要对用于描述人类-技术现实现象的概念和范畴工具进行系统的阐述，在这种现实中，人与新的技术存在共存，需要与它们建立一定程度的关系，重新分配个人空间，形成新的社会互动模式。趋同方法、系统分析、整体性原则、弗兰克“我-你”关系类型学<br><strong>考虑到我-你关系的类型学，作者对个人空间的定义，将人-技术现实概念引入科学流通，突出人-技术关系的特征，作为研究作为社会互动现象的人-机器人互动的概念和方法工具。
{"title":"HRI as a Phenomenon of Social Interaction","authors":"L.E. Motorina","doi":"10.17759/sps.2023140103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2023140103","url":null,"abstract":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Objective</strong><strong>.</strong> Development of general theoretical and methodological concepts for the analysis of the interaction \"human-robot\" as a holistic human-technological gestalt; introduction into scientific circulation of the concept of human-technological reality; the formulation of the author's definition of personal space as a methodological basis for the study of human-technological relations.<br><strong>Background.</strong> The creation of high-tech computer cognitive agents and humanoid robots are becoming a priority subject of scientific research in various fields of knowledge. The main difficulty in moving towards any single generally valid results lies in the fact that in each discipline the problem is investigated within the framework of its inherent terminology. The multivariance of interpretations of studies of human-social robot interaction is especially observed between representatives of the humanities, specialists in the field of artificial intelligence and engineering programming. There is a need for a systematic elaboration of the conceptual and categorical apparatus used to describe the phenomena of human-technological reality, in which a person coexists with new technological beings, is called upon to establish a certain level of relations with them, redistribute personal space, and form new models of social interaction.<br><strong>Methodology.</strong> Convergent approach, system analysis, principle of integrity, typology of relations \"I-Thou\" by S.L. Frank.<br><strong>Conclusions.</strong> Consideration of the typology of I-Thou relations, the author's definition of personal space, the introduction into scientific circulation of the concept of human-technological reality, highlighting the features of human-technological relations are proposed for use as a conceptual and methodological toolkit for researching human-robot interaction as a phenomenon of social interaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135479353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Sheinov, T.V. Belykh, N.A. Nizovskikh, A.S. Dziavitsyn
Objective. Identification and analysis of personal correlates of dependence on social networks in Belarusian and Russian respondents. Context and relevance. Social networks have now become very popular as a means of communication, but their excessive use is associated with the psychological risks of addiction. Identification of the relationship between addiction to social networks and the personal characteristics of their active users can contribute to the timely prevention of addictive behavior. Study design. The study was carried out using a socio-psychological survey to identify a set of personality characteristics and their relationship with indicators of dependence on social networks in Russian and Belarusian men and women separately. Participants. The 766 respondents: 404 Belarusians (74,3% women) and 362 Russians (65,7% women). The average age of the participants was 20,5 years (SD = 5,4). Methods (tools). The personality questionnaires; the analysis of the correlations of social media addiction with impulsivity, narcissism, exposure to manipulation, assertiveness, and smartphone addiction. Results. The dependence on social networks in all respondents is positively correlated with impulsivity and dependence on a smartphone (smartphone addiction). The correlate social media addiction and assertiveness, narcissism, and vulnerability to manipulation differs between Belarusian and Russian men and women. Conclusions. The correlations of dependence on social networks with the personal characteristics of users revealed during the study can be taken into account in explanatory, preventive and corrective work.
{"title":"Personal Correlates of Dependence on Social Networks of Belarusian and Russian Men and Women","authors":"V. Sheinov, T.V. Belykh, N.A. Nizovskikh, A.S. Dziavitsyn","doi":"10.17759/sps.2023140108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2023140108","url":null,"abstract":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Objective. </strong>Identification and analysis of personal correlates of dependence on social networks in Belarusian and Russian respondents.<br><strong>Context and relevance. </strong>Social networks have now become very popular as a means of communication, but their excessive use is associated with the psychological risks of addiction. Identification of the relationship between addiction to social networks and the personal characteristics of their active users can contribute to the timely prevention of addictive behavior.<br><strong>Study design. </strong>The study was carried out using a socio-psychological survey to identify a set of personality characteristics and their relationship with indicators of dependence on social networks in Russian and Belarusian men and women separately.<br><strong>Participants. </strong>The 766 respondents: 404 Belarusians (74,3% women) and 362 Russians (65,7% women). The average age of the participants was 20,5 years (<em>SD </em>= 5,4).<br><strong>Methods (tools). </strong>The personality questionnaires; the analysis of the correlations of social media addiction with impulsivity, narcissism, exposure to manipulation, assertiveness, and smartphone addiction.<br><strong>Results. </strong>The dependence on social networks in all respondents is positively correlated with impulsivity and dependence on a smartphone (smartphone addiction). The correlate social media addiction and assertiveness, narcissism, and vulnerability to manipulation differs between Belarusian and Russian men and women.<br><strong>Conclusions. </strong>The correlations of dependence on social networks with the personal characteristics of users revealed during the study can be taken into account in explanatory, preventive and corrective work. <em> </em></p>","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135479354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A.M. Muminova, A. Titov, A. Batkhina, D. Grigoryev
Objectives. To extract profiles of Russian political identity in terms of attitude to the conservative agenda, main ideologies, political parties, and institutions among Russians, as well as to identify the connections of these profiles with moral foundations and motivation for system justification and resistance to change. Subsequent analysis showing what is consolidating and what is divisive among the participants, as well as the key dimensions along which this split takes place.Background. A simple analysis of attitudes towards individual politicians and political parties and other subjects of politics does not allow to understand the relatively stable political views of Russians. At the same time, ideological closeness or disagreement is not psychologically accidental, even among those who are poorly versed in politics. There are always some pre-political psychological variables that reflect the predisposition of people to accept certain explicit ideological preferences that are reflected in specific profiles of political identity.Study design. Cross-sectional one-sample correlation design using data from socio-psychological survey. A person-centered approach was applied in the form of latent profile analysis.Participants. There were 224 participants in study 1 and 125 participants in study 2.Measurements. Moral foundations (Graham et al., 2011), attitude toward conservative agenda (Everett, 2013), system justification (Jost, 2015), resistance to change (White et al., 2020), feelings thermometer (Converse et al., 1980).Results. The greatest differences between the profiles of the Russian political identity were observed in the positive attitude toward capitalism, free market, and freedom of speech, as well as toward the president, patriotism, monarchy, military and national security. These differences were related to support for the current Russian political course and the manifestation of loyalty to it. The differences between the profiles were more related to the binding moral foundations, while the idea of fairness was equally important for Russians with any of the profiles found.Conclusions. Authoritarian submission can be considered a key psychological foundation of the Russian political identity. On the other hand, political views are differentiated by the choice between the demand for security (stabil’nost’) or development (i.e., accepting the risks of changes for the future development, or abandoning them in favor of security, stability, predictability of the current political course).
目标。从俄罗斯人对保守议程、主要意识形态、政党和制度的态度等方面提取俄罗斯政治认同的概况，并确定这些概况与道德基础、制度辩护动机和抵制变革的联系。随后的分析显示了参与者之间什么是巩固的，什么是分裂的，以及分裂发生的关键方面。简单分析对个别政治家、政党和其他政治主体的态度，无法理解俄罗斯人相对稳定的政治观点。与此同时，意识形态上的亲近或分歧在心理上也不是偶然的，即使对那些不太精通政治的人来说也是如此。总有一些前政治心理变量反映了人们接受某些明确的意识形态偏好的倾向，这些偏好反映在政治认同的特定概况中。研究设计。使用社会心理学调查数据的横断面单样本相关设计。以人为本的方法以潜在特征分析的形式被应用。研究1中有224人，研究2中有125人。道德基础(Graham et al.， 2011)，对保守议程的态度(Everett, 2013)，制度辩护(Jost, 2015)，对变革的抵制(White et al.， 2020)，情感温度计(Converse et al.， 1980)。俄罗斯政治认同的最大差异是对资本主义、自由市场和言论自由的积极态度，以及对总统、爱国主义、君主制、军事和国家安全的积极态度。这些差异与对当前俄罗斯政治路线的支持和对它的忠诚有关。两种性格特征之间的差异更多地与约束道德基础有关，而公平的观念对任何一种性格特征的俄罗斯人来说都同样重要。专制服从可以被认为是俄罗斯政治认同的关键心理基础。另一方面，政治观点的区别在于对安全(“最稳定”)或发展(即为了未来的发展而接受变化的风险，或放弃它们，以支持安全、稳定和当前政治进程的可预测性)的需求之间的选择。
{"title":"Russian Political Identity Profiles: The Role of Moral Foundations, System Justification, and Resistance to Change","authors":"A.M. Muminova, A. Titov, A. Batkhina, D. Grigoryev","doi":"10.17759/sps.2022130107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2022130107","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To extract profiles of Russian political identity in terms of attitude to the conservative agenda, main ideologies, political parties, and institutions among Russians, as well as to identify the connections of these profiles with moral foundations and motivation for system justification and resistance to change. Subsequent analysis showing what is consolidating and what is divisive among the participants, as well as the key dimensions along which this split takes place.Background. A simple analysis of attitudes towards individual politicians and political parties and other subjects of politics does not allow to understand the relatively stable political views of Russians. At the same time, ideological closeness or disagreement is not psychologically accidental, even among those who are poorly versed in politics. There are always some pre-political psychological variables that reflect the predisposition of people to accept certain explicit ideological preferences that are reflected in specific profiles of political identity.Study design. Cross-sectional one-sample correlation design using data from socio-psychological survey. A person-centered approach was applied in the form of latent profile analysis.Participants. There were 224 participants in study 1 and 125 participants in study 2.Measurements. Moral foundations (Graham et al., 2011), attitude toward conservative agenda (Everett, 2013), system justification (Jost, 2015), resistance to change (White et al., 2020), feelings thermometer (Converse et al., 1980).Results. The greatest differences between the profiles of the Russian political identity were observed in the positive attitude toward capitalism, free market, and freedom of speech, as well as toward the president, patriotism, monarchy, military and national security. These differences were related to support for the current Russian political course and the manifestation of loyalty to it. The differences between the profiles were more related to the binding moral foundations, while the idea of fairness was equally important for Russians with any of the profiles found.Conclusions. Authoritarian submission can be considered a key psychological foundation of the Russian political identity. On the other hand, political views are differentiated by the choice between the demand for security (stabil’nost’) or development (i.e., accepting the risks of changes for the future development, or abandoning them in favor of security, stability, predictability of the current political course).","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81400934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Postnikova, A. Miklyaeva, N. Sivrikova, L. A. Regush
Objective. The article presents the result of researching Hardiness of generations living in different regions of North-West Russia. The aim of the research is to identify changes in Hardiness of generations over the past decade.Background. The modern social context (urbanization, informatization, pandemic, etc.) actualizes the problem of finding resources that allow a person to cope with life’s difficulties. So it’s safe to say that the residents of megapolis have certain qualities that distinguish them from the residents of regional centers and small cities, which are a means of adapting to the specifics of an aggressive urban environment. Therefore, the characteristics of hardiness, as the ability of the individual to withstand a stressful situation, while maintaining internal balance without compromising performance, in terms of socialization (metropolis/regional center) seems quite reasonable.Study design. The research of generationsʹ hardiness in 2009 and in 2019 with the aim of identifying its changes and regional specificities was completed. The description of changes in hardiness is presented on the example of a megalopolis and a regional center of the North-West of Russia.Participants. Sample: 769 people, including in 2009 — 362 people (40.6% of men, 59.4% of women) from 19 to 69 years old and in 2019 — 407 people (34.6% of men and 65.4% of women) from 27 to 82 years old.Measurements. We studied values using the Russian version of Maddi’s Hardiness Survey adapted by D.A. Leont’ev, E.I. Rasskazova (2006). Statistical processing of the research results was carried out with the help of Statistica 10.0 software package.Results. A significant changes of the hardiness in the population of the North-West of Russia over the past decade has been recorded. The increased hardiness is observed in representatives of the Post-war, Soviet, and Transitional generations, while a decrease in hardiness is found in the sample of the Post-Soviet generation. There are no differences in the generational dynamics of the resilience of residents of St. Petersburg and Arkhangelsk.Conclusions. Generational affiliation is one of the factors that mediate the dynamics of hardiness at various stages of a person’s life path.
{"title":"Changes in the Hardiness of Generationsʼ Representatives of Russians at the Beginning of the XXI Century","authors":"M. Postnikova, A. Miklyaeva, N. Sivrikova, L. A. Regush","doi":"10.17759/sps.2022130106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2022130106","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. The article presents the result of researching Hardiness of generations living in different regions of North-West Russia. The aim of the research is to identify changes in Hardiness of generations over the past decade.Background. The modern social context (urbanization, informatization, pandemic, etc.) actualizes the problem of finding resources that allow a person to cope with life’s difficulties. So it’s safe to say that the residents of megapolis have certain qualities that distinguish them from the residents of regional centers and small cities, which are a means of adapting to the specifics of an aggressive urban environment. Therefore, the characteristics of hardiness, as the ability of the individual to withstand a stressful situation, while maintaining internal balance without compromising performance, in terms of socialization (metropolis/regional center) seems quite reasonable.Study design. The research of generationsʹ hardiness in 2009 and in 2019 with the aim of identifying its changes and regional specificities was completed. The description of changes in hardiness is presented on the example of a megalopolis and a regional center of the North-West of Russia.Participants. Sample: 769 people, including in 2009 — 362 people (40.6% of men, 59.4% of women) from 19 to 69 years old and in 2019 — 407 people (34.6% of men and 65.4% of women) from 27 to 82 years old.Measurements. We studied values using the Russian version of Maddi’s Hardiness Survey adapted by D.A. Leont’ev, E.I. Rasskazova (2006). Statistical processing of the research results was carried out with the help of Statistica 10.0 software package.Results. A significant changes of the hardiness in the population of the North-West of Russia over the past decade has been recorded. The increased hardiness is observed in representatives of the Post-war, Soviet, and Transitional generations, while a decrease in hardiness is found in the sample of the Post-Soviet generation. There are no differences in the generational dynamics of the resilience of residents of St. Petersburg and Arkhangelsk.Conclusions. Generational affiliation is one of the factors that mediate the dynamics of hardiness at various stages of a person’s life path.","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78535346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective. To analyze the effect of privacy violation experience on privacy-protective behaviorsBackground. In the era of rapid development of Internet technologies, privacy issues call for scientific reflection. Understanding the factors that regulate online user behavior might assist in elaborating the adequate privacy policy.Study design. Regression analysis provides a parametric evaluation of the effect of privacy experience on usage of privacy settings. Various matching technics were applied for preliminary balancing of the control (N=215) and treatment groups (N=160) by a set of key covariates.Participants. Users of the largest Russian online social network VKontakte from the Russian city Vologda. The sample size is 375 respondents (55% female) from 16 to 83 age (Mean=32,5; Med.=31; SD=12,9).Measurements. Both survey data on privacy experience and observed behavioral data on privacy settings from users’ online accounts were used. Additionally, the scale of P. Totterdell & D. Holman on propensity to make social connection and M. Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale were adopted in the studyResults. The experience of privacy violation does not lead to the cautious behavior online: the users tend to regulate only the access to the public posts on profile due to past bad experience. The privacy settings literacy turns significantly affect the usage of privacy settings.Conclusions. The findings support the “privacy paradox” hypothesis. As having specific online privacy management skills encourages more cautious behavior online, digital literacy interventions can improve the safety of social networking sites.
{"title":"Online Social Media Communication: the Effect of Having Privacy Violation Experience on Online Behavior","authors":"Yadviga Sinyavskaya","doi":"10.17759/sps.2022130103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2022130103","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To analyze the effect of privacy violation experience on privacy-protective behaviorsBackground. In the era of rapid development of Internet technologies, privacy issues call for scientific reflection. Understanding the factors that regulate online user behavior might assist in elaborating the adequate privacy policy.Study design. Regression analysis provides a parametric evaluation of the effect of privacy experience on usage of privacy settings. Various matching technics were applied for preliminary balancing of the control (N=215) and treatment groups (N=160) by a set of key covariates.Participants. Users of the largest Russian online social network VKontakte from the Russian city Vologda. The sample size is 375 respondents (55% female) from 16 to 83 age (Mean=32,5; Med.=31; SD=12,9).Measurements. Both survey data on privacy experience and observed behavioral data on privacy settings from users’ online accounts were used. Additionally, the scale of P. Totterdell & D. Holman on propensity to make social connection and M. Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale were adopted in the studyResults. The experience of privacy violation does not lead to the cautious behavior online: the users tend to regulate only the access to the public posts on profile due to past bad experience. The privacy settings literacy turns significantly affect the usage of privacy settings.Conclusions. The findings support the “privacy paradox” hypothesis. As having specific online privacy management skills encourages more cautious behavior online, digital literacy interventions can improve the safety of social networking sites.","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82961364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective. The aim of the study is to develop and test a scale that would measure the volume and intensity of social exclusion experience in interpersonal relationships in a dyad and a small group.Background. In modern highly competitive social environments, interpersonal interactions include a significant number of practices of social exclusion. However, to date, there is no domestic scale that would measure the individual (reflected) experience and its intensity.Study design. The study was carried out using a socio-psychological survey.Participants. In total, 468 people took part in the study: at the first stage — 116 people (average age 23,5), at the second stage — 352 people (average age 21,45).Measurements. The survey scale “Experiencing social exclusion (ESE)” was developed and validated, consisting of three subscales: “Experiencing school bullying”, “Experiencing rejection in a dyad”, “Experiencing exclusion from status figures”.Results. Consistent and retest reliability and validity of the method have been proven. The main types of interactions in which a person gets the experience of social exclusion, the volume and intensity of his experience have been determined.Conclusions. The scale can be used both for research and for applied purposes.
{"title":"Social Exclusion: Development and Testing of the Scale","authors":"G. Semenova, S. Vekilova, O. Rudykhina","doi":"10.17759/sps.2022130307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2022130307","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. The aim of the study is to develop and test a scale that would measure the volume and intensity of social exclusion experience in interpersonal relationships in a dyad and a small group.Background. In modern highly competitive social environments, interpersonal interactions include a significant number of practices of social exclusion. However, to date, there is no domestic scale that would measure the individual (reflected) experience and its intensity.Study design. The study was carried out using a socio-psychological survey.Participants. In total, 468 people took part in the study: at the first stage — 116 people (average age 23,5), at the second stage — 352 people (average age 21,45).Measurements. The survey scale “Experiencing social exclusion (ESE)” was developed and validated, consisting of three subscales: “Experiencing school bullying”, “Experiencing rejection in a dyad”, “Experiencing exclusion from status figures”.Results. Consistent and retest reliability and validity of the method have been proven. The main types of interactions in which a person gets the experience of social exclusion, the volume and intensity of his experience have been determined.Conclusions. The scale can be used both for research and for applied purposes.","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74406075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective. An adaptation of the Russian version of the Organizational Cynicism Scale, which has been used worldwide for more than twenty years.Background. Life in organizations is one of the most important aspects of human social life. The challenges of maintaining organizational resilience and a healthy organizational culture, as well as considering the needs of workers and respecting their personality and psychological well-being, require reliable, valid, convenient, and concise tools for assessing the working environment. The Organizational Cynicism Scale is one of the most authoritative methods for dealing with these problems.Study design. The study was conducted according to the correlation plan; the data was collected online using the 1ka.si service.Participants. The study sample included 424 respondents: 296 women (69,80%), 128 men (30,20%). Age from 19 to 84 years (Mage=40). Average experience of respondents — 16,76 years; predominantly Russian citizens (N=385; 90%), representatives of various professional fields.Measurements. We used the target methodology — the scale of organizational cynicism and auxiliary methodology — the scale of commitment to the office. EFA and CFA, examining reliability due to Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and correlation analysis were used. SPSS 19.0 and AMOS programs were used for data processing.Results. Good results of CFA have indicated the structure identical to the original one (three subscales — Cognitive, Emotional and Behavioral aspects of organizational cynicism). The structural, convergent and partially content validity of the scale was confirmed. There were no gender differences in the scale scores; there is a negative age trend found.Conclusions. The Russian-language adaptation of the Organizational Cynicism Scale is a valid and reliable tool and can be recommended for solving various problems of organizational psychology.
{"title":"The Organizational Cynicism Scale: an Adaptation on the Russian-Speaking Sample","authors":"M. Pavlova, M.M. Dzyubenko, S. Nartova-Bochaver","doi":"10.17759/sps.2022130311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2022130311","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. An adaptation of the Russian version of the Organizational Cynicism Scale, which has been used worldwide for more than twenty years.Background. Life in organizations is one of the most important aspects of human social life. The challenges of maintaining organizational resilience and a healthy organizational culture, as well as considering the needs of workers and respecting their personality and psychological well-being, require reliable, valid, convenient, and concise tools for assessing the working environment. The Organizational Cynicism Scale is one of the most authoritative methods for dealing with these problems.Study design. The study was conducted according to the correlation plan; the data was collected online using the 1ka.si service.Participants. The study sample included 424 respondents: 296 women (69,80%), 128 men (30,20%). Age from 19 to 84 years (Mage=40). Average experience of respondents — 16,76 years; predominantly Russian citizens (N=385; 90%), representatives of various professional fields.Measurements. We used the target methodology — the scale of organizational cynicism and auxiliary methodology — the scale of commitment to the office. EFA and CFA, examining reliability due to Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and correlation analysis were used. SPSS 19.0 and AMOS programs were used for data processing.Results. Good results of CFA have indicated the structure identical to the original one (three subscales — Cognitive, Emotional and Behavioral aspects of organizational cynicism). The structural, convergent and partially content validity of the scale was confirmed. There were no gender differences in the scale scores; there is a negative age trend found.Conclusions. The Russian-language adaptation of the Organizational Cynicism Scale is a valid and reliable tool and can be recommended for solving various problems of organizational psychology.","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77875652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Ermolaev, J. Voroncova, A. I. Chetverikova, D. K. Nasonova
Objective. Studying the vector of managing the organizational culture of the Russian internal affairs bodies during the COVID-19 period.Background. The work is aimed at studying the vector of managing the organizational culture of the internal affairs bodies through the formation of new “pictures of the world” and mental states of police officers as a result of the socio-psychological impact of information flows about COVID-19. Our earlier results of a longitudinal study from 2011 to 2019 made it possible to assert that the vector of development of the organizational culture of the Internal Affairs Directorate depends on the media, capable of creating new “pictures of the world” and influencing the formation of mental states of police officers, which are different from those desired and proclaimed by the leadership of the Ministry of Internal Affairs when reforming the Internal Affairs Directorate in 2011. We believe that the scale of this socio-psychological phenomenon clearly manifested itself during the COVID-19 pandemic and the totality of the corresponding informational influence of the media, which determines the vector of managing the organizational culture of the internal affairs bodies.Study design. Against the background of the identified dynamics of social fears, mental states and the locus of control among police officers for the period of 2020 and 2021, their “picture of the world” was studied using multivariate factorial and cluster analysis.Participants. 335 police officers tested in both 2020 and 2021. Of these, 231 are men and 104 are women, 25 to 49 years old.Measurements. Author’s questionnaire on the degree of involvement in the content of the news and information tape about COVID-19; questionnaires: “Social fears” L.N. Grosheva; “The level of subjective control” by E.F. Bazhin and others; method for determining the dominant state of DS-8 L.V. Kulikova; author’s modification of C. Osgood’s semantic differential.Results. From the beginning of COVID-19 to mid-2021, ATS officers showed tendencies of a decrease in the level of subjective control and interest in the content of news about COVID-19, with the dynamics of the growth of the experience of social fears and the growing instability of mental states. organizational culture of the Department of Internal Affairs formed two types of employees. The first type with a trustful “picture of the world”, and the second with a threatening “picture of the world”. This polarity of the “picture of the world” in different types indicates a crisis in the functioning of the organizational culture of the internal affairs bodies.Conclusions. The long-term and intensive unstructured influence of the media in the context of negatively colored information about COVID-19, manifested in the dynamics of the growth of social fears and the heterogeneity of the policemen’s “picture of the world”, shows that the police department’s leadership is not fully the subject of changing the management vector of
{"title":"The Vector of Managing the Organizational Culture of the Internal Affairs Bodies: Mental States and the “Picture of the World” of Employees in the Dynamics of Social Fears of the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"V. Ermolaev, J. Voroncova, A. I. Chetverikova, D. K. Nasonova","doi":"10.17759/sps.2022130112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2022130112","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. Studying the vector of managing the organizational culture of the Russian internal affairs bodies during the COVID-19 period.Background. The work is aimed at studying the vector of managing the organizational culture of the internal affairs bodies through the formation of new “pictures of the world” and mental states of police officers as a result of the socio-psychological impact of information flows about COVID-19. Our earlier results of a longitudinal study from 2011 to 2019 made it possible to assert that the vector of development of the organizational culture of the Internal Affairs Directorate depends on the media, capable of creating new “pictures of the world” and influencing the formation of mental states of police officers, which are different from those desired and proclaimed by the leadership of the Ministry of Internal Affairs when reforming the Internal Affairs Directorate in 2011. We believe that the scale of this socio-psychological phenomenon clearly manifested itself during the COVID-19 pandemic and the totality of the corresponding informational influence of the media, which determines the vector of managing the organizational culture of the internal affairs bodies.Study design. Against the background of the identified dynamics of social fears, mental states and the locus of control among police officers for the period of 2020 and 2021, their “picture of the world” was studied using multivariate factorial and cluster analysis.Participants. 335 police officers tested in both 2020 and 2021. Of these, 231 are men and 104 are women, 25 to 49 years old.Measurements. Author’s questionnaire on the degree of involvement in the content of the news and information tape about COVID-19; questionnaires: “Social fears” L.N. Grosheva; “The level of subjective control” by E.F. Bazhin and others; method for determining the dominant state of DS-8 L.V. Kulikova; author’s modification of C. Osgood’s semantic differential.Results. From the beginning of COVID-19 to mid-2021, ATS officers showed tendencies of a decrease in the level of subjective control and interest in the content of news about COVID-19, with the dynamics of the growth of the experience of social fears and the growing instability of mental states. organizational culture of the Department of Internal Affairs formed two types of employees. The first type with a trustful “picture of the world”, and the second with a threatening “picture of the world”. This polarity of the “picture of the world” in different types indicates a crisis in the functioning of the organizational culture of the internal affairs bodies.Conclusions. The long-term and intensive unstructured influence of the media in the context of negatively colored information about COVID-19, manifested in the dynamics of the growth of social fears and the heterogeneity of the policemen’s “picture of the world”, shows that the police department’s leadership is not fully the subject of changing the management vector of","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88004987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective. The study, based on a comparative analysis, provides an answer to the question about the features of designing strategies for involvement in scientific activities among male and female students at regional universities. Background. Traditionally, science is considered a male field of activity, less accessible to women. The article presents a point of view according to which gender stereotypes are the basis of gender asymmetry in science. A special role in the transmission of gender norms at the stage of primary gender socialization is assigned to the family and school, while the fact of gender stereotyping constructed by education in the choice of profession is stated. Girls, even with academic success, reproduce outdated gender stereotypes, considering science as a sphere of “male self-realization”. Study design. The collection of data on the social perceptions and social attitudes of the students was carried out using the "Scientific Priorities" questionnaire (25 statements about science). This questionnaire was filled in by the study participants based on 8 modalities (“important to me”/high personal importance; “ready to participate”/willingness to act; “important for my faculty”; “important for my university”; “important for the Russian science”; “important for the development of science and universities in the countries of the East”; “important for the development of science and universities in the countries of the West”; “important for the development of world science as a whole”). Next, a comparative analysis of 2 groups (male and female students) was used with interpretation in line with gender methodology. Participants. Sample: 387 students (321 female students and 66 male students) specializing in medicine, psychology and pedagogy from the universities of Kirov, Kursk and Nizhny Novgorod. Measurements. The survey questionnaire “Scientific priorities” focused on the objectives of the study was used. The statements in the questionnaire are combined into four blocks: traditional ideas about the development of science; current trends; block of socio-economic deprivation; sensitivity to political change. Results. At regional universities, male students studying at the faculties of “helping professions”, defining the priorities of scientific development, formulate them in accordance with the values and priorities of “male culture”: a technological bias, a high role of competition and an orientation towards a high status of a scientist in society. At regional universities, female students studying at the faculties of “helping professions” demonstrate an interest in the development of science, but do not consider science as a “personal project”. In addition, when studying the social ideas and attitudes of students in the field of science development, the phenomenon of a positive assessment of a remote object was revealed. Among the male and female students surveyed, the social perceptions of Russian science turned out to be the most
目标。本研究在比较分析的基础上，回答了地方高校男女学生参与科学活动策略设计特点的问题。背景。传统上，科学被认为是男性的活动领域，女性较少接触。本文提出性别刻板印象是科学中性别不对称的基础的观点。在初级性别社会化阶段，家庭和学校在传递性别规范方面起着特殊的作用，同时指出了教育在选择职业方面形成的性别定型观念。女孩即使在学业上取得成功，也会重复过时的性别刻板印象，认为科学是“男性自我实现”的领域。研究设计。学生社会观念和社会态度的数据收集采用“科学优先”问卷(25项关于科学的陈述)。本问卷由研究参与者根据8种模式填写(“对我重要”/个人重要性高;ready to participate /愿意行动;“对我的教员很重要”;“对我的大学很重要”;“对俄罗斯科学很重要”;“对东方国家的科学和大学的发展很重要”;“对西方国家的科学和大学的发展很重要”;“对整个世界科学的发展很重要”)。其次，对两组学生(男、女)进行比较分析，并按照性别方法进行解释。参与者。样本:基洛夫、库尔斯克和下诺夫哥罗德大学医学、心理学和教育学专业的387名学生(321名女生和66名男生)。测量。调查问卷“科学优先级”侧重于研究的目标。问卷中的陈述分为四个部分:关于科学发展的传统观念;目前的趋势;社会经济剥夺障碍;对政治变化的敏感性。结果。在地区大学，在“帮助性专业”院系学习的男性学生确定了科学发展的优先事项，并根据“男性文化”的价值观和优先事项制定了这些优先事项:技术偏见、高度竞争的作用和朝向科学家在社会中的高地位。在地方大学，在“帮助专业”院系学习的女学生表现出对科学发展的兴趣，但不认为科学是一项“个人项目”。此外，在研究学生在科学发展领域的社会观念和态度时，揭示了对一个遥远的目标的积极评价现象。在接受调查的男女学生中，对俄罗斯科学的社会看法是最相似的。结论。结果表明，在学生自我概念层面再现的性别刻板印象倾向于支持“科学男性化”的通常形式。然而，要恢复女学生在科学工作领域的地位，仅仅改变性别刻板印象和社会观念是不够的。为了支持女性研究人员，需要社会项目来帮助女孩将科学职业生活和母亲身份结合起来。
{"title":"The Development of Science as a Personal Project: Male and Female Students about the Prospects of the Development of Russian Science","authors":"N. Radina, L.E. Semyonova, A. Kozlova","doi":"10.17759/sps.2022130405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2022130405","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. The study, based on a comparative analysis, provides an answer to the question about the features of designing strategies for involvement in scientific activities among male and female students at regional universities. Background. Traditionally, science is considered a male field of activity, less accessible to women. The article presents a point of view according to which gender stereotypes are the basis of gender asymmetry in science. A special role in the transmission of gender norms at the stage of primary gender socialization is assigned to the family and school, while the fact of gender stereotyping constructed by education in the choice of profession is stated. Girls, even with academic success, reproduce outdated gender stereotypes, considering science as a sphere of “male self-realization”. Study design. The collection of data on the social perceptions and social attitudes of the students was carried out using the \"Scientific Priorities\" questionnaire (25 statements about science). This questionnaire was filled in by the study participants based on 8 modalities (“important to me”/high personal importance; “ready to participate”/willingness to act; “important for my faculty”; “important for my university”; “important for the Russian science”; “important for the development of science and universities in the countries of the East”; “important for the development of science and universities in the countries of the West”; “important for the development of world science as a whole”). Next, a comparative analysis of 2 groups (male and female students) was used with interpretation in line with gender methodology. Participants. Sample: 387 students (321 female students and 66 male students) specializing in medicine, psychology and pedagogy from the universities of Kirov, Kursk and Nizhny Novgorod. Measurements. The survey questionnaire “Scientific priorities” focused on the objectives of the study was used. The statements in the questionnaire are combined into four blocks: traditional ideas about the development of science; current trends; block of socio-economic deprivation; sensitivity to political change. Results. At regional universities, male students studying at the faculties of “helping professions”, defining the priorities of scientific development, formulate them in accordance with the values and priorities of “male culture”: a technological bias, a high role of competition and an orientation towards a high status of a scientist in society. At regional universities, female students studying at the faculties of “helping professions” demonstrate an interest in the development of science, but do not consider science as a “personal project”. In addition, when studying the social ideas and attitudes of students in the field of science development, the phenomenon of a positive assessment of a remote object was revealed. Among the male and female students surveyed, the social perceptions of Russian science turned out to be the most","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84222732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective. Pre-stimulus effects of extreme personal valence on the perception of an ambivalent person.Background. The purpose of modern information technologies is not only to inform, but also to form certain views and opinions. These technologies are used in the media space, as well as in other areas of social interaction. The effects of behavioral conditioning, or priming, play an important role in the perception construction. At the same time, the question of the factors leading to its direct (assimilative) and inverse (contrast) effects remains poorly understood. Thus, any forecast of behavioral reactions in vivo becomes too imprecise.Study design. During the experiment, participants watched video interviews with a target object (male or female), who answered the Short Dark Triad questions, demonstrating the ambivalence of dark features. In two experimental groups, the perception of the target object was preceded by the presentation of an extremely “bad” or extremely “good” personality. In the control group, the target object was presented without pre-stimulus exposure. After viewing, the participants completed the Target Attitude Scale. The data were processed using ANOVA. Additionally, the effects of gender on the attitude variable were monitored.Participants. The sample consisted of 608 students from 17 to 35 years old (M=20.17, SD=1.53), including 173 men (28%) and 435 women (72%).Measurements. Short Dark Triad by D. Jones and D. Paulhus, adapted by M.S. Egorova et al., The Scale of the General Attitude to the Perceived Object by S.A. Shchebetenko et al.Results. The general attitude towards an ambivalent object, measured by the Scale of the General Attitude to the Perceived Object, becomes significantly more positive after presentation of a negative pre-stimulus, compared to the control and a positive pre-stimulus conditions (p<0.001). In the male sample, there is no significant effect of a negative pre-stimulus on the perception of a woman with an ambivalent representation of dark features (p>0.10).Conclusions. Pre-stimulus of extreme intensity can determine the contrast effect not only in perception of abstract object, but also in perception of ambivalent person. It is shown that the preliminary presentation of an extremely negative person shifts the assessment of the ambivalent person upward. An extremely positive person pre-stimulus does not make the same effect. The effect of a negative pre-stimulus is significant in the perception of men by women, but does not extend to the perception of women by men.
目标。极端个人效价对矛盾人格知觉的预刺激效应。背景。现代信息技术的目的不仅仅是提供信息，而是形成一定的观点和意见。这些技术用于媒体空间以及社会互动的其他领域。行为条件反射或启动效应在知觉构建中起着重要作用。与此同时，导致其直接(同化)和反向(对比)效应的因素问题仍然知之甚少。因此，任何对体内行为反应的预测都变得过于不精确。研究设计。在实验过程中，参与者观看了与目标对象(男性或女性)的访谈视频，该对象回答了短黑暗三位一体问题，展示了黑暗特征的矛盾心理。在两个实验组中，在对目标对象的感知之前，会呈现出极其“坏”或极其“好”的个性。在对照组中，目标物体没有预先刺激暴露。观看后，参与者完成目标态度量表。数据采用方差分析处理。此外，还观察了性别对态度变量的影响。样本由608名17至35岁的学生组成(M=20.17, SD=1.53)，其中男性173人(28%)，女性435人(72%)。D. Jones和D. Paulhus的《Short Dark Triad》，由ms . Egorova等人改编;sa . Shchebetenko等人的《对被感知对象的一般态度量表》。通过对被感知对象的一般态度量表测量，与对照组和正面预刺激条件相比，出现负面预刺激条件后，被试对矛盾对象的一般态度显著变得更加积极(p0.10)。极端强度的预刺激不仅可以决定抽象对象知觉的对比效果，还可以决定矛盾人知觉的对比效果。结果表明，极端消极者的初步呈现会使矛盾者的评价向上转移。一个非常积极的人的预刺激不会产生同样的效果。负面预刺激的影响在女性对男性的感知中是显著的，但并不延伸到男性对女性的感知中。
{"title":"Perception of an Ambivalent Other Under Conditions of Contrasting Pre-Stimulation","authors":"M. V. Baleva","doi":"10.17759/sps.2022130303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2022130303","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. Pre-stimulus effects of extreme personal valence on the perception of an ambivalent person.Background. The purpose of modern information technologies is not only to inform, but also to form certain views and opinions. These technologies are used in the media space, as well as in other areas of social interaction. The effects of behavioral conditioning, or priming, play an important role in the perception construction. At the same time, the question of the factors leading to its direct (assimilative) and inverse (contrast) effects remains poorly understood. Thus, any forecast of behavioral reactions in vivo becomes too imprecise.Study design. During the experiment, participants watched video interviews with a target object (male or female), who answered the Short Dark Triad questions, demonstrating the ambivalence of dark features. In two experimental groups, the perception of the target object was preceded by the presentation of an extremely “bad” or extremely “good” personality. In the control group, the target object was presented without pre-stimulus exposure. After viewing, the participants completed the Target Attitude Scale. The data were processed using ANOVA. Additionally, the effects of gender on the attitude variable were monitored.Participants. The sample consisted of 608 students from 17 to 35 years old (M=20.17, SD=1.53), including 173 men (28%) and 435 women (72%).Measurements. Short Dark Triad by D. Jones and D. Paulhus, adapted by M.S. Egorova et al., The Scale of the General Attitude to the Perceived Object by S.A. Shchebetenko et al.Results. The general attitude towards an ambivalent object, measured by the Scale of the General Attitude to the Perceived Object, becomes significantly more positive after presentation of a negative pre-stimulus, compared to the control and a positive pre-stimulus conditions (p<0.001). In the male sample, there is no significant effect of a negative pre-stimulus on the perception of a woman with an ambivalent representation of dark features (p>0.10).Conclusions. Pre-stimulus of extreme intensity can determine the contrast effect not only in perception of abstract object, but also in perception of ambivalent person. It is shown that the preliminary presentation of an extremely negative person shifts the assessment of the ambivalent person upward. An extremely positive person pre-stimulus does not make the same effect. The effect of a negative pre-stimulus is significant in the perception of men by women, but does not extend to the perception of women by men.","PeriodicalId":54079,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology and Society","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74356769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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