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Phase Measurement and Adjustment of Reflector Antenna with Beam Waveguide Feeds 带波束波导馈源的反射天线的相位测量和调整
IF 0.3 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2024XBL0064
Shin-Ichi Yamamoto;Hiroto Ado;Ryuya Seki
When reflector antennas with a beam waveguide feeding system are used in an array configuration, the transmission phase of each reflector antenna must be known and corrected. In this paper, we propose a method in which a reflector plate is placed in the center hole of the main reflector, the reflected phase at the primary radiator horn is measured, and half of the measured phase is used as the transmission phase of the beam waveguide feeding system. The proposed method was verified by calculation, measurement using a simple model with the same path length, and measurement using an actual reflector antenna, and its effectiveness was confirmed.
在阵列配置中使用带有波束波导馈电系统的反射天线时,必须知道并校正每个反射天线的传输相位。本文提出了一种方法,即在主反射器的中心孔中放置一块反射板,测量主辐射器喇叭处的反射相位,并将测量相位的一半用作波束波导馈电系统的传输相位。通过计算、使用具有相同路径长度的简单模型进行测量以及使用实际反射天线进行测量,对所提出的方法进行了验证,并确认了其有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Optical Nonlinearity Mitigation Using Reservoir Computing with Tapped-Delay Lines 利用带分接延迟线的储层计算缓解光学非线性问题
IF 0.3 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2024XBL0098
Kai Ikuta;Yuta Ito;Moriya Nakamura
We investigated a nonlinear equalizer based on reservoir computing (RC) with tapped-delay lines for compensating for linear and nonlinear waveform distortion caused by, e.g., chromatic dispersion and self-phase modulation. We evaluated and compared the equalization performance of RC systems with and without tapped-delay lines by numerical simulation, while varying the parameters and the transmission distance. The proposed equalizer construction enables the use of RC with a shorter time-constant than that used for conventional RC-based nonlinear equalizers.
我们研究了一种基于带有分接延迟线的储层计算(RC)非线性均衡器,用于补偿由色度色散和自相位调制等引起的线性和非线性波形失真。我们通过数值模拟,在改变参数和传输距离的同时,评估和比较了有无分接延迟线的 RC 系统的均衡性能。与传统的基于 RC 的非线性均衡器相比,所提出的均衡器结构可以使用时间常数更短的 RC。
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引用次数: 0
Proposal of Temporal Feature Layers for Network Traffic Dataset Generation Using C-GAN 利用 C-GAN 生成网络流量数据集的时态特征层提案
IF 0.3 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2024XBL0062
Yukito Onodera;Erina Takeshita;Tomoya Kosugi;Satoshi Suzuki
As machine learning research in the networking field has become more active in recent years, the demand for network traffic datasets has increased. On the other hand, the amount and types of publicly available network traffic datasets are scarce as training datasets for machine learning. Therefore, we focus on the generative adversarial network (GAN) as a data generation model, aiming to use generated rather than publicly available training datasets. However, existing GANs have difficulty generating sufficiently diverse network traffic to improve generalization ability while representing variations across weekdays, weekends, and date. This study proposes a new layers inserted into the conditional GAN model with the functions of expanding dimensionality of time-series traffic data and embedding temporal position information. Experimental results show that the model with the proposed layers inserted generated diverse network traffic data that represents temporal features.
近年来,网络领域的机器学习研究日趋活跃,对网络流量数据集的需求也随之增加。另一方面,作为机器学习的训练数据集,公开可用的网络流量数据集的数量和类型都很少。因此,我们将生成式对抗网络(GAN)作为数据生成模型,旨在使用生成的而非公开可用的训练数据集。然而,现有的生成式对抗网络难以生成足够多样化的网络流量,从而在代表工作日、周末和日期变化的同时提高泛化能力。本研究提出在条件 GAN 模型中插入一个新层,其功能是扩展时间序列流量数据的维度并嵌入时间位置信息。实验结果表明,插入了所建议的层的模型生成了代表时间特征的多样化网络流量数据。
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引用次数: 0
Two Types of Bandwidth Evaluation of Crossed Spherical Helix Antennas Using Numerical Simulation 利用数值模拟评估两种交叉球面螺旋天线的带宽
IF 0.3 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2024XBL0038
Takuma Shimada;Mina Nishie;Keisuke Noguchi;Masato Odagaki;Keisuke Fujita
Comparing the bandwidths of a crossed spherical helix antenna (XSHA) and conventional antennas is challenging owing to significant change in the radiation efficiency with respect to frequency even at low voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR). Thus, two types of evaluation were performed in this work to demonstrate the wideband property of XSHA. First, the antennas were assumed to be made of a perfect conductor and were compared regarding only the VSWR bandwidth. Next, we compared the bandwidth at radiation efficiency of lossy antennas based on the generalized effective fractional bandwidth $(B_{e}). B_{e}$ is the product of the bandwidth and the radiation efficiency varying with frequency. Numerical simulations were conducted to compare the bandwidths for $VSWR leq 3$. The bandwidth of the XSHA is 2.19 and 2.11 times wider than those of single resonance antenna in lossless and lossy cases, respectively. Compared with a dual resonance antenna, the bandwidth of the XSHA is 1.36 times greater at acceptable radiation efficiencies of 50%.
交叉球形螺旋天线(XSHA)和传统天线的带宽比较具有挑战性,因为即使在电压驻波比(VSWR)较低的情况下,辐射效率也会随频率发生显著变化。因此,为证明 XSHA 的宽带特性,本研究进行了两种评估。首先,假定天线由完美导体制成,只比较驻波比带宽。B_{e}$ 是带宽和辐射效率随频率变化的乘积。我们进行了数值模拟,以比较 VSWR leq 3$ 时的带宽。在无损和有损情况下,XSHA 的带宽分别是单谐振天线的 2.19 倍和 2.11 倍。与双谐振天线相比,在可接受的辐射效率为 50%时,XSHA 的带宽要大 1.36 倍。
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引用次数: 0
On Hyperparameter Determination for GPR-Based Channel Prediction in IRS-Assisted Wireless Communication Systems 论 IRS 辅助无线通信系统中基于 GPR 的信道预测的超参数确定
IF 0.3 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2024XBL0058
Norisato Suga;Kazuto Yano;Yafei Hou;Toshikazu Sakano
Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS), which can reflect radio waves controlling the phase of incident radio waves, is being investigated for wireless communication in high-frequency bands. To control the reflection characteristic, it is necessary to separately estimate a large number of channel coefficients between transmitting and receiving antennas through each IRS element. This causes significant overhead for the channel estimation. We have proposed a channel prediction method to reduce the overhead using Gaussian process regression with spectral mixture kernel. In Gaussian process regression, the determination of the hyperparameters used to calculate the kernel matrix has a significant impact on prediction accuracy. In this study, we propose validation-based hyperparameter determination for GPR-based channel prediction and evaluate the performance difference between the gradient method and validation.
智能反射面(IRS)可通过控制入射无线电波的相位来反射无线电波,目前正被研究用于高频段无线通信。为了控制反射特性,有必要通过每个 IRS 元件分别估算发射和接收天线之间的大量信道系数。这给信道估计带来了巨大的开销。我们提出了一种使用光谱混合核的高斯过程回归的信道预测方法,以减少开销。在高斯过程回归中,用于计算核矩阵的超参数的确定对预测精度有很大影响。在本研究中,我们为基于 GPR 的信道预测提出了基于验证的超参数确定方法,并评估了梯度法与验证法之间的性能差异。
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引用次数: 0
Measurement-Based Estimation of Carrier Sense Behavior for Simulation Modeling 基于测量的载波感应行为估计,用于仿真建模
IF 0.3 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2024XBL0045
Ayano Ohnishi;Tetsuya Iye;Michio Miyamoto;Takahito Inoshita
One possible approach to address communication delay in the complex wireless environment of manufacturing sites is to predict the delay by system-level simulator (SLS) and notify the communication control system in advance. For accurate delay prediction, the carrier sense (CS) model in SLS should incorporate real device characteristics. However, accurate modeling of CS is difficult since its implementation specifications are usually not publicly available. In this letter, we propose a method for estimating CS characteristics using electromagnetic noise generated simulatively by software-defined radio and emitted from a microwave oven and verify the effectiveness of this method.
在制造现场复杂的无线环境中,解决通信延迟问题的一种可行方法是通过系统级模拟器(SLS)预测延迟,并提前通知通信控制系统。为了准确预测延迟,SLS 中的载波感应(CS)模型应包含真实设备的特性。然而,由于 CS 的实现规范通常并不公开,因此很难对其进行精确建模。在这封信中,我们提出了一种利用软件定义无线电模拟产生的、由微波炉发射的电磁噪声来估计 CS 特性的方法,并验证了这种方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Proposal to Reduce Computation Time in TAS Rescheduling Scheme 减少 TAS 重新安排计划计算时间的建议
IF 0.3 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2024XBL0067
Hironao Abe;Hideo Kawata;Yuhei Kawakami;Akifumi Tanase;Shinichi Yoshihara;Tomoaki Yoshida
IEEE802.1Qbv Time-Aware Shaper (TAS) has attracted attention as a technology to realize low-delay communication in various fields. Especially in industrial networks, the demand for low-latency communication between remote areas is increasing, and the realization of a service provider network (SPNW) using TAS is expected. We consider the scheduling scheme of TAS for SPNW. When the scheduling order cannot be controlled, as in SPNW, the bandwidth utilization efficiency is lower than when the scheduling order is ideal. To cope with such problems, we propose a rescheduling scheme focusing on the difference in scheduling difficulty. However, the increase in computational load due to rescheduling has not been discussed. In this paper, we consider a method to reduce the computation time of the rescheduling method.
IEEE802.1Qbv 时间感知整形器(TAS)作为一种实现低延迟通信的技术,在各个领域都备受关注。特别是在工业网络中,偏远地区之间对低延迟通信的需求日益增长,利用 TAS 实现服务提供商网络(SPNW)成为人们的期待。我们考虑了 SPNW 的 TAS 调度方案。在 SPNW 中,当调度顺序无法控制时,带宽利用效率会比调度顺序理想时低。为应对此类问题,我们提出了一种以调度难度差异为重点的重新调度方案。然而,由于重新调度而增加的计算负荷尚未得到讨论。在本文中,我们考虑了一种减少重新调度方法计算时间的方法。
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引用次数: 0
PRNet with Convolution Layer for PAPR Reduction of OFDM Signals 带卷积层的 PRNet 用于降低 OFDM 信号的 PAPR
IF 0.3 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2024XBL0091
Masaya Ohta;Koichi Kubota
This research uses deep learning to address the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), which is critical for wireless communications. Although a PAPR-reducing network (PRNet), which is a deep learning model, can be used to suppress the PAPR, its computational cost is huge. In this research, the number of layers in a PRNet model is optimized and a fully connected layer is replaced with a convolution layer to reduce the computational load.
这项研究利用深度学习来解决正交频分复用(OFDM)中峰均功率比(PAPR)过高的问题,这对无线通信至关重要。虽然可以使用深度学习模型 PAPR 降低网络(PRNet)来抑制 PAPR,但其计算成本巨大。本研究优化了 PRNet 模型的层数,并用卷积层取代了全连接层,以减少计算负荷。
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引用次数: 0
Usability Improvement in Color Constancy CAPTCHA 改进色彩恒定性验证码的可用性
IF 0.3 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2024XBL0052
Shotaro Usuzaki;Wang Yihan;Kentaro Aburada;Hisaaki Yamaba;Kayoko Takatsuka;Tetsuro Katayama;Mirang Park;Naonobu Okazaki
CAPTCHAs have traditionally been used to deter bots, but ensuring protection against machine learning attacks has become difficult. To tackle this problem, we proposed a CAPTCHA based on color constancy, a human cognitive ability that is difficult for machines to reproduce. Although this method achieved high attack resistance while maintaining usability compared to existing CAPTCHAs, the response time increased due to the color selection operation. To address this, we changed the task to a click-type format while keeping the original concept. Our experimental results show that our method matches the response times of existing CAPTCHAs without compromising attack resistance.
传统上,验证码一直被用来阻止机器人,但要确保防止机器学习攻击却很困难。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了一种基于颜色恒定性的验证码,这是一种机器难以复制的人类认知能力。虽然与现有的验证码相比,这种方法在保持可用性的同时实现了较高的抗攻击性,但由于颜色选择操作,响应时间增加了。为了解决这个问题,我们在保持原有概念的基础上,将任务改为点击类型。实验结果表明,我们的方法与现有验证码的响应时间相匹配,同时不影响抗攻击性。
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引用次数: 0
System Residual Noise Reduction for Non-Contact Passive Intermodulation Measurements of Array Antennas Using Multiple Testers 使用多台测试仪对阵列天线进行非接触式无源互调测量时的系统残余噪声降低技术
IF 0.3 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2024XBL0057
Iori Serizawa;Nobuhiro Kuga
This letter proposes a concept of residual noise reduction when using multiple testers for non-contact passive intermodulation (PIM) measurements with near field sensing for array antennas. As described herein, the harmonic balance method and the finite difference time domain method are used for simulation. Examination is conducted for third-order PIMs in two-tone testing in the 2 GHz band. Simulation results indicate that the PIM noise which is weaker than the residual PIM of each tester becomes detectable when using the proposed method. The concept is validated further through experimentation using an equivalent array circuit in the 2 GHz band.
本文提出了在使用多台测试仪对阵列天线进行非接触式被动互调(PIM)测量时,利用近场传感降低残余噪声的概念。如本文所述,模拟中使用了谐波平衡法和有限差分时域法。在 2 GHz 频段的双音频测试中对三阶 PIM 进行了检验。仿真结果表明,在使用建议的方法时,比每个测试仪的残余 PIM 更弱的 PIM 噪声也能被检测到。通过在 2 GHz 频段使用等效阵列电路进行实验,进一步验证了这一概念。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
IEICE Communications Express
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