Pub Date : 2025-04-11DOI: 10.23919/comex.2025XBL0047
Shoma Ito;Hirokazu Kubota;Yuji Miyoshi
We propose a detection method based on the Parzen window method to mitigate inter-symbol interference. This method selects a trained dataset based on the neighboring symbols, following a decision feedback approach. Simulation results show the proposed method achieved a 3.3 dB improvement in the Q value for a QPSK signal degraded by inter-symbol interference.
{"title":"Inter-Symbol Interference Mitigation Using Adaptive Dataset Selection in the Parzen Window Method","authors":"Shoma Ito;Hirokazu Kubota;Yuji Miyoshi","doi":"10.23919/comex.2025XBL0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2025XBL0047","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a detection method based on the Parzen window method to mitigate inter-symbol interference. This method selects a trained dataset based on the neighboring symbols, following a decision feedback approach. Simulation results show the proposed method achieved a 3.3 dB improvement in the Q value for a QPSK signal degraded by inter-symbol interference.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"14 6","pages":"260-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10964025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144196915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-11DOI: 10.23919/comex.2025XBL0033
Hayate Ohtani;Wataru Chujo;Kentaro Kobayashi
Image overlay uplink screen camera communication consisting of a small display with LED backlight modulation and an indoor rolling shutter camera has been studied. A previous study demonstrated that image overlay QPSK was achieved by compensating pixel values of the overlaid image using dual cameras. However, even after the compensation, variation in the pixel values remained, making it difficult to realize further M-ary modulation. In this study, a compensation method taking both the overlaid image and backlight modulation into account is proposed. Constellation, error vector magnitude, and bit error rate for image overlay 16QAM are experimentally evaluated using dual cameras.
{"title":"Compensating Image Overlay 16QAM Using Dual Cameras for Rolling Shutter-Based Screen Camera Communication","authors":"Hayate Ohtani;Wataru Chujo;Kentaro Kobayashi","doi":"10.23919/comex.2025XBL0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2025XBL0033","url":null,"abstract":"Image overlay uplink screen camera communication consisting of a small display with LED backlight modulation and an indoor rolling shutter camera has been studied. A previous study demonstrated that image overlay QPSK was achieved by compensating pixel values of the overlaid image using dual cameras. However, even after the compensation, variation in the pixel values remained, making it difficult to realize further M-ary modulation. In this study, a compensation method taking both the overlaid image and backlight modulation into account is proposed. Constellation, error vector magnitude, and bit error rate for image overlay 16QAM are experimentally evaluated using dual cameras.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"14 6","pages":"242-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10964019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144196625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-11DOI: 10.23919/comex.2025XBL0034
Hiromune Namie;Dai Nagafuchi;Takemitsu Fujita
Satellite positioning has become accurate to the millimeter order with the use of carrier phase observation data for distance measurement, but one type of error namely multipath error remaines. In this research, as a preliminary step to reducing multipath errors using the data observed with an array antenna, we used a general-purpose receiver and the MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) method to determine the direction of arrival of satellite signals. It was found that the direction of arrival of satellite signals can be estimated from pseudo carrier phase observation data using the MUSIC method.
{"title":"Satellite Signal Arrival Direction Estimation to Reduce Multipath Errors Using General-Purpose Receivers and the Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) Method in Satellite Positioning","authors":"Hiromune Namie;Dai Nagafuchi;Takemitsu Fujita","doi":"10.23919/comex.2025XBL0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2025XBL0034","url":null,"abstract":"Satellite positioning has become accurate to the millimeter order with the use of carrier phase observation data for distance measurement, but one type of error namely multipath error remaines. In this research, as a preliminary step to reducing multipath errors using the data observed with an array antenna, we used a general-purpose receiver and the MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) method to determine the direction of arrival of satellite signals. It was found that the direction of arrival of satellite signals can be estimated from pseudo carrier phase observation data using the MUSIC method.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"14 6","pages":"257-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10964029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144196878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-15DOI: 10.23919/comex.2025XBL0066
Abel C. H. Chen
As quantum computing technology continues to advance, Shor's quantum algorithm poses a significant threat to mainstream cryptographic methods, including RSA and elliptic curve cryptography. Consequently, post-quantum cryptography (PQC) has emerged as an inevitable trend for the future. Among PQC approaches, lattice-based cryptography and hash-based cryptography have already been standardized, while code-based cryptography remains a candidate for standardization. In light of these developments, this study proposes a Code-based Butterfly Key Expansion (CBKE) mechanism, built on code-based cryptography principles. The proposed method enables a registration authority (RA) to expand an original code-based caterpillar public key into a code-based cocoon public key, achieving anonymity for entities other than the RA. Subsequently, a certificate authority further expands the code-based cocoon public key into a code-based butterfly public key, which is then embedded in a pseudonymous certificate as the public key for the end entity. This approach ensures anonymity for both the RA and other entities. To enhance computational efficiency, the study proposes a random invertible matrix generation algorithm with a time complexity of O(n). This algorithm achieves high efficiency and anonymity without increasing the key length, thereby addressing the computational demands of the proposed method effectively.
{"title":"Code-Based Butterfly Key Expansion for Pseudonymous Certificates","authors":"Abel C. H. Chen","doi":"10.23919/comex.2025XBL0066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2025XBL0066","url":null,"abstract":"As quantum computing technology continues to advance, Shor's quantum algorithm poses a significant threat to mainstream cryptographic methods, including RSA and elliptic curve cryptography. Consequently, post-quantum cryptography (PQC) has emerged as an inevitable trend for the future. Among PQC approaches, lattice-based cryptography and hash-based cryptography have already been standardized, while code-based cryptography remains a candidate for standardization. In light of these developments, this study proposes a Code-based Butterfly Key Expansion (CBKE) mechanism, built on code-based cryptography principles. The proposed method enables a registration authority (RA) to expand an original code-based caterpillar public key into a code-based cocoon public key, achieving anonymity for entities other than the RA. Subsequently, a certificate authority further expands the code-based cocoon public key into a code-based butterfly public key, which is then embedded in a pseudonymous certificate as the public key for the end entity. This approach ensures anonymity for both the RA and other entities. To enhance computational efficiency, the study proposes a random invertible matrix generation algorithm with a time complexity of O(n). This algorithm achieves high efficiency and anonymity without increasing the key length, thereby addressing the computational demands of the proposed method effectively.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"14 7","pages":"296-299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11005705","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-15DOI: 10.23919/comex.2025XBL0035
Hiroki Kamihira;Ryogo Kubo
Adaptive video streaming using Moving Picture Experts Group dynamic adaptive streaming over Hypertext Transfer Protocol (MPEG-DASH) enables adaptive bitrate (ABR) control based on network conditions. Network conditions can be estimated based on the network throughput or playback buffer level. However, the conventional proportional-derivative (PD)-based ABR algorithm that considers both network through-put and playback buffer level can degrade the quality of experience (QoE) when the available bandwidth of each user fluctuates. This study proposes an ABR algorithm that combines multiple bitrate selection methods using PD control and buffer-based throughput estimation, considering buffer-level fluctuations to achieve a stable bitrate and buffer-level control. Simulations confirm that the proposed algorithm improves QoE under multi-user and throughput-varying conditions and does not negatively impact another ABR algorithm in a heterogeneous environment.
{"title":"QoE-Aware Playback Buffer Level Control Strategy for Adaptive Video Streaming Using MPEG-DASH","authors":"Hiroki Kamihira;Ryogo Kubo","doi":"10.23919/comex.2025XBL0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2025XBL0035","url":null,"abstract":"Adaptive video streaming using Moving Picture Experts Group dynamic adaptive streaming over Hypertext Transfer Protocol (MPEG-DASH) enables adaptive bitrate (ABR) control based on network conditions. Network conditions can be estimated based on the network throughput or playback buffer level. However, the conventional proportional-derivative (PD)-based ABR algorithm that considers both network through-put and playback buffer level can degrade the quality of experience (QoE) when the available bandwidth of each user fluctuates. This study proposes an ABR algorithm that combines multiple bitrate selection methods using PD control and buffer-based throughput estimation, considering buffer-level fluctuations to achieve a stable bitrate and buffer-level control. Simulations confirm that the proposed algorithm improves QoE under multi-user and throughput-varying conditions and does not negatively impact another ABR algorithm in a heterogeneous environment.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"14 7","pages":"283-286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11005711","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The radiated immunity test methods for in-vehicle equipment with wiring harnesses are specified by manufacturers or international standards. These test methods require high-power amplifiers to satisfy the specified electric field strength. A proximity radiation test method using antenna scanning is proposed to reduce the transmitting power. The effect of the electric field radiated by the conventional and proposed methods on the harnesses is evaluated using a long wire antenna. The proposed method is shown to be an effective pretest method for the conventional test.
{"title":"Proximity Radiation Immunity Test Method for In-Vehicle Electronic Components","authors":"Katsushige Harima;Takayuki Kubo;Kaoru Gotoh;Takeshi Ishida","doi":"10.23919/comex.2025XBL0055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2025XBL0055","url":null,"abstract":"The radiated immunity test methods for in-vehicle equipment with wiring harnesses are specified by manufacturers or international standards. These test methods require high-power amplifiers to satisfy the specified electric field strength. A proximity radiation test method using antenna scanning is proposed to reduce the transmitting power. The effect of the electric field radiated by the conventional and proposed methods on the harnesses is evaluated using a long wire antenna. The proposed method is shown to be an effective pretest method for the conventional test.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"14 7","pages":"271-274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11005712","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-15DOI: 10.23919/comex.2025XBL0056
Takato Fukugami;Tomofumi Matsuzawa
As sensor nodes that constitute a wireless sensor network are battery-powered, it is essential to extend their life. Wireless mesh network, one type of wireless sensor network, require routing and must consider power consumption. However, existing methods that are based on the shortest paths are insufficient to reduce power consumption. In this study, we propose a routing method that considers the maximum flow problem. Experimental results show that the proposed method increased the time until a node that runs out of battery first occurs.
{"title":"An Implementation of Routing in Wireless Mesh Networks Using the Maximum Flow Problem","authors":"Takato Fukugami;Tomofumi Matsuzawa","doi":"10.23919/comex.2025XBL0056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2025XBL0056","url":null,"abstract":"As sensor nodes that constitute a wireless sensor network are battery-powered, it is essential to extend their life. Wireless mesh network, one type of wireless sensor network, require routing and must consider power consumption. However, existing methods that are based on the shortest paths are insufficient to reduce power consumption. In this study, we propose a routing method that considers the maximum flow problem. Experimental results show that the proposed method increased the time until a node that runs out of battery first occurs.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"14 7","pages":"275-278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11005706","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sign language and hearing aids are among the most widely used communication support methods for individuals with hearing impairments. However, these methods present certain limitations: sign language can only be used between people who understand it, and hearing aids can cause discomfort when worn. To address these issues, we propose and implement a system that displays the direction of arrival of speech, speech recognition results, and speaker recognition results on augmented reality (AR) glasses. We also evaluate its effectiveness through user studies and evaluation experiments.
{"title":"Bridging the Auditory Gap: AR Smart Glasses for Real-Time Speech-To-Text and Directional Audio Visualization for the Hearing-Impaired","authors":"Takumi Senaha;Ryo Midorikawa;Taito Baba;Takuya Asaka","doi":"10.23919/comex.2025XBL0042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2025XBL0042","url":null,"abstract":"Sign language and hearing aids are among the most widely used communication support methods for individuals with hearing impairments. However, these methods present certain limitations: sign language can only be used between people who understand it, and hearing aids can cause discomfort when worn. To address these issues, we propose and implement a system that displays the direction of arrival of speech, speech recognition results, and speaker recognition results on augmented reality (AR) glasses. We also evaluate its effectiveness through user studies and evaluation experiments.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"14 7","pages":"279-282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11005714","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-15DOI: 10.23919/comex.2025XBL0041
Hiroya Nishide;Akihide Sano
This paper describes the benefits of frequency-dependent signal input power control in ultra-wideband wavelength-division multiplexed (UWB-WDM) transmission using only distributed Raman amplification (DRA). We evaluate the transmission performance of both backward pumping and bidirectional pumping configurations, and show that a significant improvement in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and total throughput is obtained in backward pumping, while the improvements are much smaller in bidirectional pumping.
{"title":"SNR Analysis of Ultra-Wideband WDM Transmission Using All-Raman Amplification with Frequency-Dependent Signal Power Control","authors":"Hiroya Nishide;Akihide Sano","doi":"10.23919/comex.2025XBL0041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2025XBL0041","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the benefits of frequency-dependent signal input power control in ultra-wideband wavelength-division multiplexed (UWB-WDM) transmission using only distributed Raman amplification (DRA). We evaluate the transmission performance of both backward pumping and bidirectional pumping configurations, and show that a significant improvement in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and total throughput is obtained in backward pumping, while the improvements are much smaller in bidirectional pumping.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"14 7","pages":"267-270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11005708","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-15DOI: 10.23919/comex.2025XBL0059
Hirotaka Ujikawa;Yuka Okamoto;Tatsuya Shimada;Tomoaki Yoshida
We develop and evaluate the TransportPCE-based controller for transport networks with fiber cross connects (FXCs) in addition to ROADMs for the first time. FXC-only-path provisioning is completed in 1433 msec, significantly quicker than ROADM paths.
{"title":"Evaluation of Open Controller for Hybrid Optical Transport Network: Fiber Cross Connects and ROADMs","authors":"Hirotaka Ujikawa;Yuka Okamoto;Tatsuya Shimada;Tomoaki Yoshida","doi":"10.23919/comex.2025XBL0059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2025XBL0059","url":null,"abstract":"We develop and evaluate the TransportPCE-based controller for transport networks with fiber cross connects (FXCs) in addition to ROADMs for the first time. FXC-only-path provisioning is completed in 1433 msec, significantly quicker than ROADM paths.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"14 7","pages":"292-295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11005710","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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