Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.4067/s0717-554x2023000100010
Adolfo Lizárraga-Gómez
This paper aims to approach the influence of the Swedish economist Gunnar Myrdal on the social sciences through his concept of “underclass”. The starting point is the conviction that this concept demands social science to pay clear attention to the reality it studies, and not allow economics, for instance, to intend claiming independence and moreover arguing objectivity. It must return to its origin as social science. This paper is divided into four parts. In the first one we see how sociology arrives and takes the concept of “underclass” from Myrdal; in the second exposes synthetically the debate of social thought on this concept; the third lays out the structural points of Myrdal’s method, from the economics approach, and, finally, we pose some general conclusions on the actuality of this Swedish thinker.
{"title":"El concepto de infraclase en Gunnar Myrdal","authors":"Adolfo Lizárraga-Gómez","doi":"10.4067/s0717-554x2023000100010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-554x2023000100010","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to approach the influence of the Swedish economist Gunnar Myrdal on the social sciences through his concept of “underclass”. The starting point is the conviction that this concept demands social science to pay clear attention to the reality it studies, and not allow economics, for instance, to intend claiming independence and moreover arguing objectivity. It must return to its origin as social science. This paper is divided into four parts. In the first one we see how sociology arrives and takes the concept of “underclass” from Myrdal; in the second exposes synthetically the debate of social thought on this concept; the third lays out the structural points of Myrdal’s method, from the economics approach, and, finally, we pose some general conclusions on the actuality of this Swedish thinker.","PeriodicalId":54112,"journal":{"name":"Cinta de Moebio","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81675101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.4067/s0717-554x2023000100024
Pablo López-Silva, Mauricio Otaíza-Morales
The so-called postrationalist approach emerges against the way in which traditional cognitivism conceptualizes the relationship between subject and reality. Defining the self as a bio-psychological phenomenon, Vittorio Guidano’s proposal has become the most popular formulation of the model. Unfortunately, the sudden passing of Guidano left several conceptual issues opened within the model. After identifying the main aspects of the approach, this paper identifies two moments in Guidano’s model. (i) The first stage, strongly influenced by constructivism and traditional enactivism, defines the self as emerging in the recursive relationship between organism and environment defined by the need for survival. We shall call this moment Guidano 1. This stage has been the target of most literature on the topic. (ii) The second stage (Guidano 2) is the product of a turn towards existential-phenomenology. Here, the relationship between self and reality is not only organized around survival, but also, around the sense of the organism’s own existence. Importantly, this later moment has been largely neglected in the literature, so, after critically examining it, we conclude by clarifying the type of phenomenological analysis that would guide clinical practice from the perspective of the second moment in the model.
{"title":"Constructivismo y fenomenología existencialista: dos momentos en la epistemología posracionalista","authors":"Pablo López-Silva, Mauricio Otaíza-Morales","doi":"10.4067/s0717-554x2023000100024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-554x2023000100024","url":null,"abstract":"The so-called postrationalist approach emerges against the way in which traditional cognitivism conceptualizes the relationship between subject and reality. Defining the self as a bio-psychological phenomenon, Vittorio Guidano’s proposal has become the most popular formulation of the model. Unfortunately, the sudden passing of Guidano left several conceptual issues opened within the model. After identifying the main aspects of the approach, this paper identifies two moments in Guidano’s model. (i) The first stage, strongly influenced by constructivism and traditional enactivism, defines the self as emerging in the recursive relationship between organism and environment defined by the need for survival. We shall call this moment Guidano 1. This stage has been the target of most literature on the topic. (ii) The second stage (Guidano 2) is the product of a turn towards existential-phenomenology. Here, the relationship between self and reality is not only organized around survival, but also, around the sense of the organism’s own existence. Importantly, this later moment has been largely neglected in the literature, so, after critically examining it, we conclude by clarifying the type of phenomenological analysis that would guide clinical practice from the perspective of the second moment in the model.","PeriodicalId":54112,"journal":{"name":"Cinta de Moebio","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86094039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.4067/s0717-554x2022000300172
Juan Jiménez-Albornoz
{"title":"La necesidad de la historia para la sociología","authors":"Juan Jiménez-Albornoz","doi":"10.4067/s0717-554x2022000300172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-554x2022000300172","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54112,"journal":{"name":"Cinta de Moebio","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85784839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.4067/s0717-554x2022000300187
Sebastián Pereyra, G. Nardacchione
{"title":"Imperativo pragmatista e investigación social, parte I","authors":"Sebastián Pereyra, G. Nardacchione","doi":"10.4067/s0717-554x2022000300187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-554x2022000300187","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54112,"journal":{"name":"Cinta de Moebio","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77698008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.4067/s0717-554x2022000300159
R. González-Fernández
{"title":"On the negative social effects of exaggerated distrust and paranoid cognition","authors":"R. González-Fernández","doi":"10.4067/s0717-554x2022000300159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-554x2022000300159","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54112,"journal":{"name":"Cinta de Moebio","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78959432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.4067/s0717-554x2022000300132
Alejandro Gonzalez-Heras
{"title":"Las perspectivas del capital social, parte II","authors":"Alejandro Gonzalez-Heras","doi":"10.4067/s0717-554x2022000300132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-554x2022000300132","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54112,"journal":{"name":"Cinta de Moebio","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84955494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.4067/s0717-554x2022000200109
C. Maldonado
This paper brings forth a theory of complex problems, distinguishing when and why a problem can be said to be complex, and when and why not. A world of non-zero sum, highly intertwined, with multiple sensitivities, with systemic and systematic crises requires a theory of complex systems, which does not exist today. Negatively said, analytical understandings and approaches are insufficient. It is needed, we argue, a synthetic structure regarding problems. Henceforth three axes emerge as referents: mathematical knots theory, theory of computational complexity, and the wicked problems. This paper consists of a synthesis of the three axes, and develops a theory for problems highly intertwined, dynamic, difficult, and with strong implications in various levels and contexts. A fourth section is devoted to the study of how the epistemology of the social sciences can benefit from the theory of complex systems.
{"title":"Teoría de los problemas complejos","authors":"C. Maldonado","doi":"10.4067/s0717-554x2022000200109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-554x2022000200109","url":null,"abstract":"This paper brings forth a theory of complex problems, distinguishing when and why a problem can be said to be complex, and when and why not. A world of non-zero sum, highly intertwined, with multiple sensitivities, with systemic and systematic crises requires a theory of complex systems, which does not exist today. Negatively said, analytical understandings and approaches are insufficient. It is needed, we argue, a synthetic structure regarding problems. Henceforth three axes emerge as referents: mathematical knots theory, theory of computational complexity, and the wicked problems. This paper consists of a synthesis of the three axes, and develops a theory for problems highly intertwined, dynamic, difficult, and with strong implications in various levels and contexts. A fourth section is devoted to the study of how the epistemology of the social sciences can benefit from the theory of complex systems.","PeriodicalId":54112,"journal":{"name":"Cinta de Moebio","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84778135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.4067/s0717-554x2022000200037
Javier Gracia-Calandín, Olain Olaciregui-Berrouet
The aim of this article is to rethink the most appropriate type of epistemology to understand other cultures. For this, the approach of Charles Taylor is used. In the first place, we discuss modern mediational epistemology and the deficiencies it entails to account for the link between people and societies with the world. Secondly, the deficiency that this epistemological model implies to account for the mutual understanding between people. More specifically, it focuses on the deficiency in atomistic and monologistic terms that representational image entails considering the holistic argument of background. Finally, delving into the holistic argument of the background, an alternative model of epistemology based on the conception of the agent embodied in culture is proposed. A model that combines reality and plurality and aims to overcome both classical realism and relativism.
{"title":"Claves epistemológicas en el enfoque de Charles Taylor para entender otras culturas, parte I","authors":"Javier Gracia-Calandín, Olain Olaciregui-Berrouet","doi":"10.4067/s0717-554x2022000200037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-554x2022000200037","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to rethink the most appropriate type of epistemology to understand other cultures. For this, the approach of Charles Taylor is used. In the first place, we discuss modern mediational epistemology and the deficiencies it entails to account for the link between people and societies with the world. Secondly, the deficiency that this epistemological model implies to account for the mutual understanding between people. More specifically, it focuses on the deficiency in atomistic and monologistic terms that representational image entails considering the holistic argument of background. Finally, delving into the holistic argument of the background, an alternative model of epistemology based on the conception of the agent embodied in culture is proposed. A model that combines reality and plurality and aims to overcome both classical realism and relativism.","PeriodicalId":54112,"journal":{"name":"Cinta de Moebio","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78061354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.4067/s0717-554x2022000200121
Alejandro Gonzalez-Heras
{"title":"Las perspectivas del capital social, parte I","authors":"Alejandro Gonzalez-Heras","doi":"10.4067/s0717-554x2022000200121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-554x2022000200121","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54112,"journal":{"name":"Cinta de Moebio","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83875249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.4067/s0717-554x2022000200078
Ignacio Riffo-Pavón
In this work, an epistemological approach to social meanings is developed, understood as a central entity that weaves the symbolic composition of reality. To do this, a theoretical and reflective work is deployed with the aim of clarifying the three social meanings established here: social imaginaries, social representations, and discursive re-presentations. At the same time, it seeks to present a taxonomy in planes of meaning, corresponding to the particularities and fields of action of social imaginaries (deep plane), social representations (middle plane of transition) and discursive re-presentations (superficial plane). This epistemic work, which contributes to the conceptual clarification of the three notions discussed, offers theoretical support for future research and a new way of approaching social meanings.
{"title":"Imaginarios sociales, representaciones sociales y re-presentaciones discursivas","authors":"Ignacio Riffo-Pavón","doi":"10.4067/s0717-554x2022000200078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-554x2022000200078","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, an epistemological approach to social meanings is developed, understood as a central entity that weaves the symbolic composition of reality. To do this, a theoretical and reflective work is deployed with the aim of clarifying the three social meanings established here: social imaginaries, social representations, and discursive re-presentations. At the same time, it seeks to present a taxonomy in planes of meaning, corresponding to the particularities and fields of action of social imaginaries (deep plane), social representations (middle plane of transition) and discursive re-presentations (superficial plane). This epistemic work, which contributes to the conceptual clarification of the three notions discussed, offers theoretical support for future research and a new way of approaching social meanings.","PeriodicalId":54112,"journal":{"name":"Cinta de Moebio","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75405267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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