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Iron toxicity downregulates root-proton efflux and decreases zinc accumulation in cassava 铁毒性下调木薯根系质子流出并减少锌积累
IF 5.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aoas.2023.06.004
Chariya Armatmontree , Parapond Leksungnoen , Arnon Nansahwang , Surachet Aramrak , Pasajee Kongsil , Worachart Wisawapipat

Iron (Fe) plays a pivotal role in biogeochemical cycling in the soil-plant-human continuum; however, much research has focused on Fe deficiency with limited knowledge about Fe toxicity impacts on micronutrient (e.g., zinc: Zn) accumulation in cassava, an important staple tuber food in the Tropics. A sand-hydroponic-hybrid technique was undertaken for 60 days to investigate the effects of variable Fe concentrations (0.1–500 μmol Fe L−1) on the root-proton and root-organic acid release, rhizosphere Fe solubility, and levels of cassava nutrient accumulation. The results showed that high Fe concentrations (50–500 μmol Fe L−1) significantly decreased the root (0.34–0.51 g dry weight) biomass compared to the control (0.82–0.83 g dry weight). The Fe concentrations significantly regulated the net proton release from the roots by upregulating (25–45 μmol L−1 h−1 g−1 fresh weight root) and downregulating (1.8–7.1 μmol L−1 h−1 g−1 fresh weight root) the net proton efflux at low (1.0 μmol Fe L−1) and high Fe concentrations (500 μmol Fe L−1), respectively. Succinic acid was the sole organic acid observed and only in the Fe-sensitive cultivar. The water-extractable Fe in the rhizosphere sand (average 3.37 mg kg−1) was lower than in the bulk sand (average 5.31 mg kg−1), indicating that net proton efflux controlled rhizosphere Fe solubility. The high Fe concentrations significantly decreased Zn accumulation (20–29 mg Zn kg−1) but increased phosphorus (P) accumulation (2.7–3.4 g P kg−1) in the roots compared to the control (48–59 mg Zn kg−1 and 2.0–2.3 g P kg−1, respectively), implying that Fe toxicity could be responsible for the undernourished Zn content in the tuber. This study suggested the importance of alleviating Fe toxicity in soil-plant systems to mitigate cassava root Zn deficiency, which is relevant to human Zn malnutrition in countries consuming cassava as the main staple diet.

铁(Fe)在土壤-植物-人类连续体的生物地球化学循环中起着关键作用;然而,许多研究都集中在铁缺乏上,对铁毒性对木薯中微量营养素(如锌:锌)积累的影响知之甚少,木薯是热带地区的一种重要块茎食品。采用沙-水培杂交技术进行了为期60天的研究,以研究不同Fe浓度(0.1–500μmol Fe L−1)对根质子和根有机酸释放、根际Fe溶解度和木薯养分积累水平的影响。结果表明,与对照组(0.82–0.83 g干重)相比,高铁浓度(50–500μmol Fe L−1)显著降低了根(0.34–0.51 g干重量)的生物量。在低铁浓度(1.0μmol Fe L−1)和高铁浓度(500μmol Fe L−1)下,铁浓度分别通过上调(25–45μmol L−1 h−1 g−1鲜重根)和下调(1.8–7.1μmol L–1 h−1g−1鲜重量根)净质子流出来显著调节根的净质子释放。琥珀酸是唯一观察到的有机酸,也是唯一在铁敏感品种中观察到的。根际沙子中的水可提取Fe(平均3.37 mg kg−1)低于大块沙子中的(平均5.31 mg kg−2),表明净质子流出控制了根际Fe的溶解度。与对照组(分别为48–59 mg Zn kg−1和2.0–2.3 g P kg−1)相比,高铁浓度显著降低了根中的锌积累(20–29 mg Zn kg–1),但增加了磷(P)积累(2.7–3.4 g P kg-1),这意味着铁毒性可能是块茎中锌含量不足的原因。这项研究表明,减轻土壤-植物系统中的铁毒性对减轻木薯根锌缺乏的重要性,这与以木薯为主要主食的国家的人类锌营养不良有关。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of heat stress length and dietary antioxidant supplementation on the nutrient digestibility, metabolism and immune response of fattening pigs 热应激时间和日粮添加抗氧化剂对育肥猪营养物质消化、代谢和免疫反应的影响
IF 5.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aoas.2023.06.002
Arth David Sol Valmoria Ortega , László Babinszky , Ogonji Humphrey Oriedo , Brigitta Csernus , Xénia Erika Ozsváth , Levente Czeglédi , János Oláh , Csaba Szabó

Study aimed to investigate the impact of long-term high ambient temperature (HAT) exposure and dietary antioxidant supplementation (elevated levels and in combination) on nutrient digestibility, metabolism and immune response of pigs. A total of 36 Danbred barrows (65.1 ± 2.81 kg) were allotted to four treatments: Trm1: HAT (28.9 ± 0.9 °C) + control diet (CD); Trm2: HAT + elevated vitamin C and E and Se and Zn; Trm3: HAT + further elevated vitamin C and E and Se and Zn; and Trm4: thermo-neutral ambient temperature (19.5 ± 0.9 °C) + CD. Nutrients (DM, CP, Cfat, CF, CA, GE) and minerals (Ca, P, Na, Zn, Se) digestibility were determined. Plasma metabolite and cytokine concentrations were investigated from the blood samples collected on d 15 and 28. Heat shock proteins (HSP 70 and 90) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) expressions were investigated from jejunum samples of pigs. HAT did not significantly affect pigs' nutrient digestibility and retention (P > 0.05). However, Trm2 pigs had greater digestibility in terms of DM, CF, Ca, Zn, Se and retention of Ca, Zn, Na, and Se than Trm1 and Trm4 groups. Trm3 pigs had significantly higher (P < 0.05) creatinine concentrations than Trm4 pigs. HAT did not significantly affect the expression of cytokines; however, vitamins and micro-minerals supplementation in the diet significantly (P < 0.05) improved interleukin (IL) 10 expression, reduced TNF-α, and HSP70 expressions. Vitamin and micro-mineral fortified diet can improve pigs' nutrient and mineral digestibility and could alleviate inflammatory response in pigs exposed to HAT.

本研究旨在探讨长期高温环境和饲粮中添加抗氧化剂(高水平或联合添加)对猪营养物质消化率、代谢和免疫反应的影响。选取36头丹种犊牛(体重65.1±2.81 kg),分为4个处理:Trm1: HAT(28.9±0.9°C) +对照饲粮(CD);Trm2: HAT +维生素C、E、Se、Zn升高;Trm3: HAT +进一步升高维生素C、E、Se、Zn;Trm4:热中性环境温度(19.5±0.9°C) + CD。测定营养物质(DM、CP、Cfat、CF、CA、GE)和矿物质(CA、P、Na、Zn、Se)消化率。在第15天和第28天采集血液样本,检测血浆代谢物和细胞因子浓度。研究了猪空肠样品热休克蛋白(hsp70和90)和肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)的表达。HAT对猪的营养物质消化率和滞留率无显著影响(P >0.05)。而Trm2组DM、CF、Ca、Zn、Se的消化率和Ca、Zn、Na、Se的保留率均高于Trm1和Trm4组。Trm3猪的P <0.05)肌酐浓度高于Trm4猪。HAT对细胞因子的表达无显著影响;然而,饮食中维生素和微量矿物质的补充显著(P <0.05)提高白细胞介素(IL) 10的表达,降低TNF-α和HSP70的表达。维生素和微量矿物质强化饲粮可提高猪的营养和矿物质消化率,并可减轻HAT暴露猪的炎症反应。
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引用次数: 0
YM-1: A novel deoxynivalenol-detoxifying bacterial consortium from intestines of free-range chickens YM-1:一种新型脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇解毒散养鸡肠道菌群
IF 5.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aoas.2023.06.003
Yiming Wu , Chongqi Zhao , Guanzhong Song , Haibo Shen , Xilong Li , Xiaokang Ma , Bie Tan , Yulong Yin , Qian Jiang
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引用次数: 0
CUT&tag-seq analysis of heat stress response in broiler liver provides novel insights into the improved thermotolerance by dietary phloretin 肉仔鸡肝脏热应激反应的CUT&tag-seq分析为日粮根皮素提高耐热性提供了新的见解
IF 5.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aoas.2023.02.002
Hong Hu , Liang Chen , Ying Huang , Kunping Wang , Xi Bai , Hongbin Pan
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引用次数: 1
Leaching and migration characteristics of nitrogen during coastal saline soil remediation by combining humic acid with gypsum and bentonite 腐殖酸与石膏、膨润土联合修复滨海盐渍土过程中氮的浸出和迁移特性
IF 5.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aoas.2023.02.001
Jiancheng Chen , Guoqing Hu , Hui Wang , Weizhang Fu
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引用次数: 0
Physicochemical and rheological characterization of dumpling's dough fortified with Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) powder 菊芋粉强化饺子面团的理化和流变特性研究
IF 5.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aoas.2022.11.001
Anastasia A. Rushchitc , Elena I. Shcherbakova , Sobhy A. El-Sohaimy

Jerusalem artichoke is known as a good source of inulin beside other essential bioactive molecules that may promote human health. In the present study the Jerusalem artichoke powder (JAP) was used for fortification of dumplings' dough in different incorporation levels (2, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 %). Furthermore, the physicochemical, rheological, and organoleptic characteristics have been evaluated for the fortified dumplings and developing a novel and functional an inulin-rich dumplings' dough. Jerusalem artichoke showed a fiber content (21.4 ± 0.26 %) with high content of inulin and pectin (38.70 ± 0.19 % and 13.5 ± 0.36 % out of total carbohydrates respectively). JAP containing calcium, potassium and iron (3.9, 2.75 and 7.48 times respectively) more than wheat flour. Thiamin, riboflavin and niacin showed a content 4.47, 84.5 and 5.7 times higher than wheat flour. JAP is containing an ascorbic acid (23.57 ± 2.15 mg/100) and β-carotene (57.14 ± 1.45 mg/100 g) which are not existing in wheat flour. Adding up to 7.5 % of Jerusalem artichoke powder improved the rheological and organoleptic properties of dough. The fortified dumplings' dough prepared with 7.5 % of JAP recorded the highest sensory score (∼8 out of 9) and preferred by the panelists. In conclusion the fortification of dumpling's dough with up to 7.5 % JAP has improved the nutritional, rheological and organoleptic properties of the product which is promising for a wider application in different functional bakery products.

耶路撒冷洋蓟被认为是菊粉的良好来源和其他必需的生物活性分子,可以促进人体健康。以菊芋粉(japa)为原料,在不同的添加量(2%、2.5%、5%、7.5%和10%)下对饺子面团进行强化。在此基础上,对强化饺子的理化、流变学和感官特性进行了评价,并开发了一种新型功能性的富含菊粉的饺子面团。菊芋纤维含量为21.4±0.26%,菊粉和果胶含量分别为38.70±0.19%和13.5±0.36%。日本面粉中钙、钾、铁含量分别是小麦粉的3.9倍、2.75倍和7.48倍。硫胺素、核黄素和烟酸含量分别是小麦粉的4.47、84.5和5.7倍。其中含有抗坏血酸(23.57±2.15 mg/100)和β-胡萝卜素(57.14±1.45 mg/100 g),是小麦粉所不存在的。加入7.5%的洋蓟粉可以改善面团的流变学和感官性能。以7.5%的JAP制作的强化汤圆的感官得分最高(~ 8分,满分9分),受到了小组成员的青睐。总之,在饺子面团中添加高达7.5%的JAP,改善了产品的营养、流变学和感官特性,有望在各种功能性烘焙产品中得到更广泛的应用。
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引用次数: 2
Salinity tolerance determination in four sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids using yield parameters and principal components analysis model 利用产量参数和主成分分析模型测定4个向日葵杂交种的耐盐性
IF 5.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aoas.2022.12.005
Gabriel Céccoli , Sergio Andrés Granados Ortiz , Melina Soledad Buttarelli , María Laura Pisarello , Fernando Felipe Muñoz , Lucas Damián Daurelio , Carlos Alberto Bouzo , Elisa Soledad Panigo , Adrián Alejandro Perez

Globally, around 800 million hectares are affected by salinity. This abiotic stress causes plant growth inhibition, disruptions in physiological processes in plant cells, and yield losses in many crops. Sunflower is the third-most oilseed crop globally produced, and it is considered moderately tolerant to salinity. There are few studies about the genotypic variability existing in sunflower for responses to salinity, especially the changes in yield and oil content and quality under salinity. The present work aimed to study the effects of salinity on achene yield in four sunflower genotypes and their components and on the oil content and quality and their relationships. Four sunflower hybrids (ACA885, TRITON MAX, SRM769 and SRM779) were grown at 130 mM NaCl irrigation solution under controlled environmental conditions. The achene yield, the yield components, and the content and oil quality were determined. Based on the four studied genotypes, salinity decreased achene yield by 75.1 %. SRM779CL had a lower achene yield reduction by salinity. Yield component that most explained this tolerance was the number of achenes per plant. SRM779CL was the hybrid with the highest oil percentage loss. Contrarily, salinity increased the oil content in ACA885. Salinity decreased the ratio between oleic (18:1) and linoleic acid (18:2) in all genotypes. Therefore, salt stress increased the percentage of unsaturations in the four genotypes examined in this work. Finally, considering the 12 parameters measured, principal components analysis could determine that SRM779CL showed the best performance under control conditions while ACA885 was the most tolerant under salinity.

全球约有8亿公顷土地受到盐碱化影响。这种非生物胁迫导致植物生长抑制,破坏植物细胞的生理过程,并导致许多作物减产。向日葵是全球产量第三大的油籽作物,它被认为是适度耐盐的。目前关于向日葵对盐胁迫的基因型变异,特别是盐胁迫下产量、含油量和品质变化的研究较少。本研究旨在研究盐度对4种向日葵基因型瘦果产量及其组成的影响,以及对含油量和品质的影响及其相互关系。以ACA885、TRITON MAX、SRM769和SRM779 4个向日葵杂交种为材料,在130 mM NaCl灌溉条件下生长。测定了瘦果的产率、产率组成、含量和油质。在四种基因型中,盐度降低瘦果产量75.1%。盐度对SRM779CL瘦果产量的影响较小。最能解释这种耐受性的产量成分是每株瘦果的数量。SRM779CL是含油损失率最高的杂交种。相反,盐度增加了ACA885的含油量。盐度降低了所有基因型中油酸(18:1)和亚油酸(18:2)的比值。因此,盐胁迫增加了本研究中检测的四种基因型的不饱和百分比。最后,综合12个测定参数,主成分分析表明,SRM779CL在对照条件下表现最佳,ACA885在盐度条件下表现最佳。
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引用次数: 2
Inactivation rates of African swine fever virus by compound disinfectants 复方消毒剂对非洲猪瘟病毒灭活率的影响
IF 5.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aoas.2022.11.002
Van Phan Le , Tapanut Songkasupa , Prakit Boonpornprasert , Thi Lan Nguyen , Suphachai Nuanualsuwan

African swine fever is an important viral disease of domestic pigs and wild boars. Inactivation of the African swine fever virus (ASFV) contaminating equipment and premises is an effective biosecurity risk management measure to prevent the introduction of ASFV through contaminated fomites and the environment. Even though some chemical agents' virucidal activity against ASFV was previously demonstrated, compound disinfectants are still limited. For the fact that the ASFV titer in some excretions from pigs was far >4 log. Even after the application of disinfectants as instructed by the manufacturers, the excessive ASFV load in the excretions from pigs could contaminate fomites or the environment. To solve this dilemma, the concept of contact time of disinfectant for 1–log reduction was introduced, as the decimal reduction time or D value. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the inactivation rate of four compound disinfectants against ASFV as the D value. Four compound disinfectants (iodine and phenol, quaternary ammonium and alcohol, and two quaternary ammonium and glutaraldehyde compounds) currently used in the veterinary field were evaluated in a suspension test at 25 °C in the absence of interfering substances. Primary porcine alveolar macrophages were used to determine the titer of ASFV genotype II (strain VNUA/HY-ASF1/Vietnam/2019). The virucidal activity of four compound disinfectants achieved 4–log ASFV reduction. The mean D0.5%, D0.25%, and D0.125% values of all disinfectants inactivating ASFV were 1.62–3.60, 2.60–3.8, and 2.89–3.90 min, respectively. The D value of disinfectants allows users to manipulate the appropriate concentration and/or contact time of the disinfectant, depending on the magnitude of ASFV contamination, to completely inactivate the ASFV titer on the fomites to minimise a potential biosecurity risk.

非洲猪瘟是家猪和野猪的一种重要病毒性疾病。对污染设备和场所的非洲猪瘟病毒(ASFV)进行灭活是一项有效的生物安全风险管理措施,可防止通过污染的污染物和环境传入非洲猪瘟病毒。尽管一些化学制剂对非洲猪瘟病毒的杀病毒活性先前已得到证实,但复合消毒剂仍然有限。部分猪排泄物中ASFV滴度高达4倍。即使按照生产商的指示使用了消毒剂,猪排泄物中过量的非洲猪瘟病毒仍可能污染污染物或环境。为了解决这一困境,引入了1对数还原消毒接触时间的概念,即十进制还原时间或D值。因此,本研究的目的是评估四种复方消毒剂对非洲猪瘟病毒的失活率作为D值。在25°C无干扰物质条件下,对目前兽医领域使用的四种复合消毒剂(碘与苯酚、季铵与醇、两种季铵与戊二醛化合物)进行了悬浮液试验。采用原代猪肺泡巨噬细胞检测ASFV基因II型(VNUA/HY-ASF1/Vietnam/2019)的滴度。4种复方消毒剂的杀病毒活性均达到4倍的降低。各消毒剂灭活ASFV的平均D0.5%、D0.25%和D0.125%分别为1.62 ~ 3.60、2.60 ~ 3.8和2.89 ~ 3.90 min。消毒剂的D值允许使用者根据非洲猪瘟病毒污染的程度操纵消毒剂的适当浓度和/或接触时间,以完全灭活污染物上的非洲猪瘟病毒滴度,以尽量减少潜在的生物安全风险。
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引用次数: 0
Response of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) to calcium and potassium in a humid tropical upland loamy sand soil 热带湿润旱地壤土中木薯对钙、钾的响应
IF 5.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aoas.2022.12.001
Wanpichit Sukkaew, Suphicha Thanachit, Somchai Anusontpornperm, Irb Kheoruenromne

Calcium (Ca) and potassium (K) are essential nutrients for plant growth but the antagonistic effect between these nutrients may reduce crop yield. A two–year field trial was carried out in a loamy sand soil to evaluate cassava response to Ca (0, 50, 100, and 200 kg ha−1, as ground limestone, GL) and K (0, 50, 100, and 200 kg K2O ha−1, as potassium chloride, KCl). Calcium addition, especially 200 kg Ca ha−1, adversely affected soil K availability with more pronounced on water–soluble K than on exchangeable and non–exchangeable K from day–7 onwards. Both Ca and K had no antagonistic impact on cassava. However, growth and yield responded positively to K more promptly than to Ca. Combined rates, except 100 kg Ca ha−1 with no K fertilizer, significantly increased fresh tuber yield by 7.6–41.1 % over the control. To gain the highest fresh tuber yield by adding 200 kg Ca ha−1, 200 kg K2O ha−1 must be implemented. This light–textured soil was physically preferable for cassava tuberization, and the optimum yield can be achieved by proper Ca and K fertilization.

钙(Ca)和钾(K)是植物生长所必需的营养物质,但它们之间的拮抗作用可能导致作物减产。在壤土砂土中进行了为期两年的田间试验,以评估木薯对Ca(0、50、100和200 kg ha - 1)和K(0、50、100和200 kg K2O ha - 1)的响应。添加钙,特别是200 kg Ca ha−1,对土壤钾有效性产生不利影响,从第7天开始,对水溶性钾的影响比对交换性和非交换性钾的影响更为明显。钙和钾对木薯无拮抗作用。然而,生长和产量对钾的响应比钙的响应更迅速。除100 kg Ca ha - 1不施钾肥外,联合施肥量显著提高了鲜块茎产量,比对照提高了7.6 - 41.1%。为了获得最高的新鲜块茎产量,必须添加200 kg Ca ha - 1, 200 kg K2O ha - 1。这种轻质土壤在物理上更适合木薯块茎,适当的钙钾施肥可以达到最佳产量。
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引用次数: 1
Maturity stage at harvest influences antioxidant phytochemicals and antibacterial activity of jujube fruit (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk. and Ziziphus spina-christi L.) 采收成熟期对红枣果实抗氧化化学物质和抗菌活性的影响。和水仙(Ziziphus spina-christi L.)
IF 5.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aoas.2022.12.003
Adhbah R.H. Aldhanhani , Zienab F.R. Ahmed , Nikolaos Tzortzakis , Zora Singh

Fruits of the genus Ziziphus are known for their medicinal and nutritional value. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the influence of different maturity stages (unripe, half-ripe, and ripe fruit) at harvest on the physicochemical characteristics, phytochemical composition, antioxidants, and antibacterial activities of Ziziphus mauritiana and Ziziphus spina-christi fruits. In both plant species, the unripe fruits had significantly higher (P < 0.05) phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant and antibacterial activity compared with ripe fruits. At all maturity stages, these features were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in Z. spina-christi fruits than in Z. mauritiana fruits. Regardless of the species, 13 phenolic compounds were identified and quantified in the fruit extracts. For both species, the concentration of individual phenolic compounds changed with fruit maturity. Among the phenolic compounds, the gallic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, salicylic acid, catechin, and rutin levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in Z. spina-christi fruits than those for Z. mauritiana fruits, whereas vanillic acid and quercetin showed the opposite trend. Additionally, trans-cinnamic acid was only detected in Z. spina-christi fruits. In conclusion, the mature unripe jujube fruit, especially in Z. spina-christi, was shown to be a promising source of various naturally occurring compounds of significant interest owing to its pharmacological and therapeutic properties as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic.

酸枣属的果实以其药用和营养价值而闻名。因此,本研究旨在研究采收时不同成熟阶段(未成熟、半成熟和成熟)对毛里求斯紫枣和中国紫枣果实理化特性、植物化学成分、抗氧化剂和抗菌活性的影响。在两种植物中,未成熟果实的P <0.05)酚类、类黄酮含量及抗氧化、抗菌活性。在所有成熟阶段,这些特征都显著增加(P <0.05)。无论哪种植物,在果实提取物中鉴定和量化了13种酚类化合物。两种植物的酚类化合物浓度随果实成熟而变化。在酚类化合物中,没食子酸、4-羟基苯甲酸、水杨酸、儿茶素和芦丁的含量显著高于对照组(P <0.05),香草酸和槲皮素的变化趋势与毛里塔纳果相反。此外,反式肉桂酸仅在桂树果实中检测到。综上所述,成熟的未成熟的枣果实,特别是Z. spina-christi,由于其抗氧化、抗炎和镇痛的药理和治疗特性,被证明是各种天然化合物的有希望的来源。
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引用次数: 10
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Annals of Agricultural Science
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