首页 > 最新文献

Nano Futures最新文献

英文 中文
Preparation and water flow velocity measurement of a large diameter single-wall carbon nanotube 大直径单壁碳纳米管的制备及流速测量
IF 2.1 4区 材料科学 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.1088/2399-1984/abe0cb
Aoran Fan, Yu-dong Hu, Yufeng Zhang, Weigang Ma, Xing Zhang
To fill the gap in the measurement of large diameter single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) and further predict the variation rule of mass flux versus diameter, this work measured the water flow velocity and mass flux coefficient in an individual SWCNT with a 3.07 nm diameter. A mechanical method is used to obtain the large diameter SWCNT by removing the internal tube of a double-wall carbon nanotube, and then the water flow velocity through this SWCNT was measured by an electrical method. The water flow velocity of large diameter SWCNT can reach to 146.1 ± 32.5 μm s−1, and the enhancement factor compared with no-slip Hagen–Poiseuille relation is about 14.5. A mass flux coefficient is defined to describe the mass flow ability through SWCNT and calculated by the experiment data. Although the enhancement factor decreased to ∼1/4 of the normal size SWCNT (∼1.5 nm), the mass flux coefficient in the large diameter SWCNT increased efficiently, and which is about 5.7 times to the normal size SWCNT. Based on the above measurement result, a reported simulation result can be revised and then verified to describe the enhancement factor versus diameter, and the mass flux coefficient of the SWCNT can be further predicted. According to the prediction result, in the bulk-like liquid region, the mass flux of an individual SWCNT can reach to maximum when the diameter is around 2.9 nm, which would provide a new idea for the design of the SWCNT-based nanodevices in the future.
为了填补大直径单壁碳纳米管(SWCNT)测量中的空白,并进一步预测质量流量随直径的变化规律,本工作测量了直径为3.07nm的单个SWCNT中的水流速度和质量流量系数。使用机械方法通过去除双壁碳纳米管的内管来获得大直径SWCNT,然后通过电学方法测量通过该SWCNT的水流速度。大直径SWCNT的水流速度可达146.1±32.5μm s−1,与无滑移Hagen–Poiseuille关系相比,增强因子约为14.5。定义了质量流量系数来描述通过SWCNT的质量流动能力,并根据实验数据进行了计算。尽管增强因子降低到正常尺寸SWCNT的~1/4(~1.5nm),但大直径SWCNT中的质量通量系数有效增加,约为正常尺寸SWNT的5.7倍。基于上述测量结果,可以对已报道的模拟结果进行修正,然后对其进行验证,以描述增强因子与直径的关系,并可以进一步预测SWCNT的质量通量系数。根据预测结果,在块状液体区域,当直径在2.9nm左右时,单个单壁碳纳米管的质量通量可以达到最大值,这将为未来基于单壁碳管的纳米器件的设计提供新的思路。
{"title":"Preparation and water flow velocity measurement of a large diameter single-wall carbon nanotube","authors":"Aoran Fan, Yu-dong Hu, Yufeng Zhang, Weigang Ma, Xing Zhang","doi":"10.1088/2399-1984/abe0cb","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2399-1984/abe0cb","url":null,"abstract":"To fill the gap in the measurement of large diameter single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) and further predict the variation rule of mass flux versus diameter, this work measured the water flow velocity and mass flux coefficient in an individual SWCNT with a 3.07 nm diameter. A mechanical method is used to obtain the large diameter SWCNT by removing the internal tube of a double-wall carbon nanotube, and then the water flow velocity through this SWCNT was measured by an electrical method. The water flow velocity of large diameter SWCNT can reach to 146.1 ± 32.5 μm s−1, and the enhancement factor compared with no-slip Hagen–Poiseuille relation is about 14.5. A mass flux coefficient is defined to describe the mass flow ability through SWCNT and calculated by the experiment data. Although the enhancement factor decreased to ∼1/4 of the normal size SWCNT (∼1.5 nm), the mass flux coefficient in the large diameter SWCNT increased efficiently, and which is about 5.7 times to the normal size SWCNT. Based on the above measurement result, a reported simulation result can be revised and then verified to describe the enhancement factor versus diameter, and the mass flux coefficient of the SWCNT can be further predicted. According to the prediction result, in the bulk-like liquid region, the mass flux of an individual SWCNT can reach to maximum when the diameter is around 2.9 nm, which would provide a new idea for the design of the SWCNT-based nanodevices in the future.","PeriodicalId":54222,"journal":{"name":"Nano Futures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49488874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Overcoming roadblocks in computational roadmaps to the future for safe nanotechnology 克服未来安全纳米技术计算路线图中的障碍
IF 2.1 4区 材料科学 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-02-11 DOI: 10.1088/2399-1984/abe560
C. Ö. Karakus, D. Winkler
The rapid rise of nanotechnology has resulted in a parallel rise in the number of products containing nanomaterials. The unusual properties that nano forms of materials exhibit relative to the bulk has driven intense research interest and relatively rapid adoption by industry. Regulatory agencies are charged with protecting workers, the public, and the environment from any adverse effects of nanomaterials that may also arise because of these novel physical and chemical properties. They need data and models that allow them to flag nanomaterials that may be of concern, while balancing potential stifling of commercial innovation. Roadmaps for the future of safe nanotechnology were defined more than a decade ago, but many roadblocks identified in these studies remain. Here, we discuss the roadblocks that are still hindering the effective application of informatics and predictive computational nanotoxicology methods from providing more effective guidance to nanomaterials regulatory agencies and safe-by-design rationale for industry. We describe how developments in high throughput synthesis, characterization, and biological assessment of nanomaterials will overcome many of these roadblocks, allowing a clearly defined roadmap for computational design of effective but safe-by-design nanomaterials to be realized.
纳米技术的迅速兴起导致了含有纳米材料的产品数量的同时增加。纳米材料相对于本体表现出的不同寻常的特性引起了人们的强烈研究兴趣,并相对迅速地被工业界采用。监管机构负责保护工人、公众和环境免受纳米材料的任何不利影响,这些不利影响也可能因这些新的物理和化学特性而产生。他们需要数据和模型,使他们能够标记出可能令人担忧的纳米材料,同时平衡商业创新的潜在扼杀。安全纳米技术的未来路线图早在十多年前就已经确定,但这些研究中发现的许多障碍仍然存在。在这里,我们讨论了仍然阻碍信息学和预测计算纳米毒理学方法有效应用的障碍,这些障碍无法为纳米材料监管机构提供更有效的指导,也无法为工业提供安全的设计依据。我们描述了纳米材料高通量合成、表征和生物评估的发展将如何克服其中的许多障碍,从而实现有效但安全的设计纳米材料的计算设计的明确路线图。
{"title":"Overcoming roadblocks in computational roadmaps to the future for safe nanotechnology","authors":"C. Ö. Karakus, D. Winkler","doi":"10.1088/2399-1984/abe560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2399-1984/abe560","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid rise of nanotechnology has resulted in a parallel rise in the number of products containing nanomaterials. The unusual properties that nano forms of materials exhibit relative to the bulk has driven intense research interest and relatively rapid adoption by industry. Regulatory agencies are charged with protecting workers, the public, and the environment from any adverse effects of nanomaterials that may also arise because of these novel physical and chemical properties. They need data and models that allow them to flag nanomaterials that may be of concern, while balancing potential stifling of commercial innovation. Roadmaps for the future of safe nanotechnology were defined more than a decade ago, but many roadblocks identified in these studies remain. Here, we discuss the roadblocks that are still hindering the effective application of informatics and predictive computational nanotoxicology methods from providing more effective guidance to nanomaterials regulatory agencies and safe-by-design rationale for industry. We describe how developments in high throughput synthesis, characterization, and biological assessment of nanomaterials will overcome many of these roadblocks, allowing a clearly defined roadmap for computational design of effective but safe-by-design nanomaterials to be realized.","PeriodicalId":54222,"journal":{"name":"Nano Futures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48750730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
From Boundless Expansion to Existential Threat 从无限扩张到生存威胁
IF 2.1 4区 材料科学 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198806820.013.20
Apolline Taillandier
This essay examines visions of the future of human life in transhumanist imaginaries of the posthuman, ranging from utopian figurations to catastrophist warnings. Focusing on libertarian, liberal, and conservative posthuman imaginaries, it argues that the posthuman condition is defined by changing scientific, moral, and political narratives, including ideas of revolutionary change, progressive evolution through the ethical use of human enhancement technologies, and the mitigation of existential risk for the preservation of intelligence and civilization in the long term. Changing posthuman imaginaries, it shows, reshape spaces of present and future political imagination.
本文探讨了后人类的超人类主义想象中人类生活的未来,从乌托邦的形象到灾难的警告。本书聚焦于自由主义、自由主义和保守主义对后人类的想象,认为后人类状态是由不断变化的科学、道德和政治叙事来定义的,包括革命性变革、通过伦理地使用人类增强技术而逐步进化的想法,以及为了长期保存智慧和文明而降低存在风险的想法。它表明,改变后人类的想象重塑了现在和未来的政治想象空间。
{"title":"From Boundless Expansion to Existential Threat","authors":"Apolline Taillandier","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198806820.013.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198806820.013.20","url":null,"abstract":"This essay examines visions of the future of human life in transhumanist imaginaries of the posthuman, ranging from utopian figurations to catastrophist warnings. Focusing on libertarian, liberal, and conservative posthuman imaginaries, it argues that the posthuman condition is defined by changing scientific, moral, and political narratives, including ideas of revolutionary change, progressive evolution through the ethical use of human enhancement technologies, and the mitigation of existential risk for the preservation of intelligence and civilization in the long term. Changing posthuman imaginaries, it shows, reshape spaces of present and future political imagination.","PeriodicalId":54222,"journal":{"name":"Nano Futures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75583435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Futures Honed 期货磨练
IF 2.1 4区 材料科学 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198806820.013.7
B. Adam
This chapter comprises an interview between Barbara Adam and the editors, and is followed by Adam’s ‘Honing Futures’, which is presented in four short verses of distilled theory. In the interview Adam reflects on thirty-five years of futures-thinking rooted in her deeply original work on time and temporality, and her innovative response to qualitative and linear definitions of time within the social sciences. The interview continues with a discussion of the way Adam’s thinking on futures intersects in her work with ideas of ethics and collective responsibility politics and concludes with a brief rationale for writing theory in verse form. In ‘Honing Futures’, a piece of futures theory verse form, Adam charts the movements and moments in considerations of the Not Yet and futurity’s active creation: from pluralized imaginings of the future, to an increasingly tangible and narrower anticipated future, to future-making as designing and reality-creating performance. Collectively, the verses identify the varied complex interdependencies of time, space, and matter with the past and future in all iterations of honing and making futures.
本章包括芭芭拉亚当和编辑之间的采访,然后是亚当的“磨练未来”,这是在四个简短的诗句提炼的理论。在采访中,亚当反思了她35年来对未来的思考,这些思考植根于她对时间和时间性的深刻原创研究,以及她对社会科学中时间的定性和线性定义的创新回应。访谈继续讨论了亚当对未来的思考方式在她的作品中与伦理学和集体责任政治的思想相交叉,并以诗歌形式写作理论的简要基础结束。在《打磨未来》这首未来理论诗体中,亚当在思考“尚未”和“未来”的主动创造中,记录了从对未来的多元想象,到越来越具体和狭隘的预期未来,再到作为设计和创造现实的表演的“未来制造”的运动和时刻。总的来说,这些诗句在磨练和创造未来的所有迭代中,确定了时间、空间和物质与过去和未来之间各种复杂的相互依存关系。
{"title":"Futures Honed","authors":"B. Adam","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198806820.013.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198806820.013.7","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter comprises an interview between Barbara Adam and the editors, and is followed by Adam’s ‘Honing Futures’, which is presented in four short verses of distilled theory. In the interview Adam reflects on thirty-five years of futures-thinking rooted in her deeply original work on time and temporality, and her innovative response to qualitative and linear definitions of time within the social sciences. The interview continues with a discussion of the way Adam’s thinking on futures intersects in her work with ideas of ethics and collective responsibility politics and concludes with a brief rationale for writing theory in verse form. In ‘Honing Futures’, a piece of futures theory verse form, Adam charts the movements and moments in considerations of the Not Yet and futurity’s active creation: from pluralized imaginings of the future, to an increasingly tangible and narrower anticipated future, to future-making as designing and reality-creating performance. Collectively, the verses identify the varied complex interdependencies of time, space, and matter with the past and future in all iterations of honing and making futures.","PeriodicalId":54222,"journal":{"name":"Nano Futures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77418702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Future Weather 未来的天气
IF 2.1 4区 材料科学 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198806820.013.15
G. Endfield
This chapter draws on empirical research from an AHRC-funded project entitled Spaces of Experience and Horizons of Expectation: Extreme Weather in the UK, Past, Present and Future, to illustrate the complex historical geographies and politics of ‘weather wising’ and different forms of weather prognostications. Endfield considers the different ways in which particular historical subjects imagined and articulated knowledge about weather futures and examines the different temporalities implicated within such practices: from anxieties over immediate weather futures expressed in daily agricultural diaries to longer-term annual forecasting associated with annual almanacs. Uncovering a range of tools and technologies involved in weather forecasting—including both human and non-human methods of forecasting, phenological observations, and prognostications associated with animal behaviours—Endfield explores questions of credibility, authority, and status in terms of knowing and articulating understanding of future weather.
本章借鉴了ahrc资助的项目“经验空间和预期视野:英国的极端天气,过去,现在和未来”的实证研究,以说明“天气预测”和不同形式的天气预测的复杂历史地理和政治。Endfield考虑了特定历史主体想象和表达天气未来知识的不同方式,并研究了这些实践中涉及的不同时间性:从日常农业日记中表达的对即时天气未来的焦虑到与年历相关的长期年度预测。揭示了一系列与天气预报有关的工具和技术——包括人类和非人类的预测方法、物候观察和与动物行为相关的预测——endfield探讨了在了解和阐明对未来天气的理解方面的可信度、权威和地位问题。
{"title":"Future Weather","authors":"G. Endfield","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198806820.013.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198806820.013.15","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter draws on empirical research from an AHRC-funded project entitled Spaces of Experience and Horizons of Expectation: Extreme Weather in the UK, Past, Present and Future, to illustrate the complex historical geographies and politics of ‘weather wising’ and different forms of weather prognostications. Endfield considers the different ways in which particular historical subjects imagined and articulated knowledge about weather futures and examines the different temporalities implicated within such practices: from anxieties over immediate weather futures expressed in daily agricultural diaries to longer-term annual forecasting associated with annual almanacs. Uncovering a range of tools and technologies involved in weather forecasting—including both human and non-human methods of forecasting, phenological observations, and prognostications associated with animal behaviours—Endfield explores questions of credibility, authority, and status in terms of knowing and articulating understanding of future weather.","PeriodicalId":54222,"journal":{"name":"Nano Futures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85505153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wakanda Phambili!
IF 2.1 4区 材料科学 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198806820.013.16
Laura M. Pereira, Charne Lavery, B. Moyo, O. Selomane, N. Sitas, Rike Sitas, C. Trisos
This chapter develops and articulates an African futurist approach to framing and meeting the challenges of social-ecological futures. It advocates a broader conception of futures as lived practice embedded within specific places (e.g. Africa) and their histories, and explores how such practice can form an alternative model to current (Western) climate and environmental scenarios. It proposes that narratives from non-Western cultures offer more nuanced and diverse approaches to decision-making under conditions of uncertainty than the archetypical scenarios depicted in current models. This chapter uses science fiction from sub-Saharan Africa as a source for more experiential decision-making that emphasizes a decolonial agenda, which could shape and change the way we use quantitative modelling to consider future trajectories for the planet in the age of the Anthropocene.
本章发展并阐明了一种非洲未来主义者的方法来构建和应对社会生态未来的挑战。它提倡将未来作为嵌入特定地区(如非洲)及其历史的生活实践的更广泛的概念,并探索这种实践如何形成当前(西方)气候和环境情景的替代模式。它提出,与当前模型中描述的典型情景相比,非西方文化的叙事为不确定条件下的决策提供了更细致和多样化的方法。本章使用来自撒哈拉以南非洲的科幻小说作为更多经验决策的来源,强调非殖民化议程,这可能会塑造和改变我们使用定量建模来考虑人类世时代地球未来轨迹的方式。
{"title":"Wakanda Phambili!","authors":"Laura M. Pereira, Charne Lavery, B. Moyo, O. Selomane, N. Sitas, Rike Sitas, C. Trisos","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198806820.013.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198806820.013.16","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter develops and articulates an African futurist approach to framing and meeting the challenges of social-ecological futures. It advocates a broader conception of futures as lived practice embedded within specific places (e.g. Africa) and their histories, and explores how such practice can form an alternative model to current (Western) climate and environmental scenarios. It proposes that narratives from non-Western cultures offer more nuanced and diverse approaches to decision-making under conditions of uncertainty than the archetypical scenarios depicted in current models. This chapter uses science fiction from sub-Saharan Africa as a source for more experiential decision-making that emphasizes a decolonial agenda, which could shape and change the way we use quantitative modelling to consider future trajectories for the planet in the age of the Anthropocene.","PeriodicalId":54222,"journal":{"name":"Nano Futures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76510471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Birth of Nuclear Eternity 核永恒的诞生
IF 2.1 4区 材料科学 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198806820.013.28
Benoît Pelopidas
This chapter reconnects modes of futures-making with the requirements of democracy by focusing on the naturalization of nuclear weapons and their removal from the realm of democratic choice at a particular point in time. The chapter revolves around the concept of ‘nuclear eternity’ as a means of reducing public choices about the use of nuclear weapons. It critiques the idea that nuclear weapons have always been perceived as ‘here to stay’ and reassesses the dominant narrative about the 1960s as an emancipatory decade by arguing that the decade actually witnessed a significant shrinking of future political possibilities. Finally, the chapter identifies three shapes of the future which produce ‘nuclear eternity’—an absent post-nuclear future, an inconsistent post-nuclear future, and a disconnected post-nuclear future—and illustrates them with historical examples
本章通过关注核武器的归化及其在特定时间点从民主选择领域中移除,将未来制定模式与民主的要求重新联系起来。这一章围绕着“核永恒”的概念,作为减少公众对使用核武器的选择的一种手段。它批评了核武器一直被视为“存在”的观点,并重新评估了20世纪60年代作为解放十年的主导叙事,认为这十年实际上见证了未来政治可能性的显著缩小。最后,本章确定了产生“核永恒”的未来的三种形态——不存在的后核未来、不一致的后核未来和不连贯的后核未来——并以历史实例加以说明
{"title":"The Birth of Nuclear Eternity","authors":"Benoît Pelopidas","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198806820.013.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198806820.013.28","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter reconnects modes of futures-making with the requirements of democracy by focusing on the naturalization of nuclear weapons and their removal from the realm of democratic choice at a particular point in time. The chapter revolves around the concept of ‘nuclear eternity’ as a means of reducing public choices about the use of nuclear weapons. It critiques the idea that nuclear weapons have always been perceived as ‘here to stay’ and reassesses the dominant narrative about the 1960s as an emancipatory decade by arguing that the decade actually witnessed a significant shrinking of future political possibilities. Finally, the chapter identifies three shapes of the future which produce ‘nuclear eternity’—an absent post-nuclear future, an inconsistent post-nuclear future, and a disconnected post-nuclear future—and illustrates them with historical examples","PeriodicalId":54222,"journal":{"name":"Nano Futures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91165766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Future as a Horizon of Expectations 未来是期待的地平线
IF 2.1 4区 材料科学 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198806820.013.9
P. Jedlowski, V. Pellegrino
This chapter adopts a sociological approach to conceptualize futurity as a horizon of expectations. It provides a practical application of sociological theory—future present and present future, horizon of expectations, futurization and defuturization—to contemporary discourse. It observes that hegemonic discourses emphasize ‘defuturization’—decreasing the openness of people’s present futures—and explores the problems this poses for the self-expression of younger generations. As well as exploring the impact of futurity/defuturization upon the development of processual research methods, the chapter reflects upon ways in which sociology may intervene in communicative practices and foster the capacity of individuals to work through their own horizons of expectations and open up the present future.
本章采用社会学的方法将未来概念化为期望的视界。它提供了社会学理论——未来的现在和现在的未来、期望视界、未来化和去未来化——在当代话语中的实际应用。它观察到霸权话语强调“去未来化”——减少人们现在未来的开放性——并探讨了这给年轻一代的自我表达带来的问题。除了探索未来/去未来化对过程研究方法发展的影响外,本章还反映了社会学如何干预交际实践,培养个人通过自己的期望视野工作并开辟当前未来的能力。
{"title":"Future as a Horizon of Expectations","authors":"P. Jedlowski, V. Pellegrino","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198806820.013.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198806820.013.9","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter adopts a sociological approach to conceptualize futurity as a horizon of expectations. It provides a practical application of sociological theory—future present and present future, horizon of expectations, futurization and defuturization—to contemporary discourse. It observes that hegemonic discourses emphasize ‘defuturization’—decreasing the openness of people’s present futures—and explores the problems this poses for the self-expression of younger generations. As well as exploring the impact of futurity/defuturization upon the development of processual research methods, the chapter reflects upon ways in which sociology may intervene in communicative practices and foster the capacity of individuals to work through their own horizons of expectations and open up the present future.","PeriodicalId":54222,"journal":{"name":"Nano Futures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81547755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Concepts of Future Generations 未来世代的概念
IF 2.1 4区 材料科学 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198806820.013.22
Julia Nordblad
This chapter examines how the relationship between present and future generations has been articulated and envisaged in four discussions on climate change and global environmental crises from the late 1980s onward. Nordblad exemplifies how the very concept of future generations harbours disparate and sometimes conflicting views over the extent future generations can be known, and the political, economic, and ethical complexities embedded in constructions of the relationship between present and future generations. She explores climate economics with its presumptions about substitutable and transgenerational values; Pope Francis’s encyclical on the environment, which describes future generations as a call for moral regeneration; the Brundtland Report, which emphasizes solidarity in the allocation of common resources; and the academic discussion on the non-identity problem, posing our relation to future generations as a moral and political enigma.
本章考察了自20世纪80年代末以来,关于气候变化和全球环境危机的四次讨论是如何阐明和设想今世后代之间的关系的。Nordblad举例说明了后代的概念是如何在后代可以被了解的程度上容纳不同的,有时甚至是相互冲突的观点,以及政治,经济和伦理复杂性嵌入在现在和后代之间关系的构建中。她探讨了气候经济学及其对可替代性和跨代价值观的假设;教皇方济各(Pope Francis)关于环境的通谕,将后代描述为道德再生的呼吁;《布伦特兰报告》,其中强调在分配共同资源方面的团结;而关于非同一性问题的学术讨论,将我们与后代的关系作为一个道德和政治谜。
{"title":"Concepts of Future Generations","authors":"Julia Nordblad","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198806820.013.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198806820.013.22","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines how the relationship between present and future generations has been articulated and envisaged in four discussions on climate change and global environmental crises from the late 1980s onward. Nordblad exemplifies how the very concept of future generations harbours disparate and sometimes conflicting views over the extent future generations can be known, and the political, economic, and ethical complexities embedded in constructions of the relationship between present and future generations. She explores climate economics with its presumptions about substitutable and transgenerational values; Pope Francis’s encyclical on the environment, which describes future generations as a call for moral regeneration; the Brundtland Report, which emphasizes solidarity in the allocation of common resources; and the academic discussion on the non-identity problem, posing our relation to future generations as a moral and political enigma.","PeriodicalId":54222,"journal":{"name":"Nano Futures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84201820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Making an Almanac 制作年历
IF 2.1 4区 材料科学 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198806820.013.26
David Benqué
This chapter employs critical design practice to examine a specific form in the history of prediction—almanacs—and ultimately interrogates the nature of current forms of algorithmic prediction. The chapter revolves around the concept of monism—the idea that the same universal laws govern both natural and social worlds—and focuses on the role monism plays in predictions within almanac publications. It draws on empirical evidence from the Monistic Almanac—an ongoing practice-based research project which revisits the almanac as a site for experiments across the blurry boundary between data science and astrology—in order to conceptualize almanacs as precursors to the current regime of algorithmic prediction. The chapter experiments with computational astrologies and reflects upon the diagrammatic operations of data science. Benqué argues that divination opens up opportunities for critical design practice to question the authority of current notions of predictions.
本章采用批判性设计实践来考察预测历史上的一种特定形式——历书——并最终询问当前算法预测形式的本质。这一章围绕着一元论的概念——认为同样的普遍规律支配着自然世界和社会世界——并着重于一元论在历书出版物中的预测中所扮演的角色。它借鉴了Monistic almanac(一项正在进行的基于实践的研究项目)的经验证据,该项目将历书作为跨越数据科学和占星术之间模糊界限的实验场所,以便将历书概念化为当前算法预测制度的先驱。本章用计算占星术进行实验,并反思数据科学的图解操作。benqu认为,占卜为批判性设计实践提供了质疑当前预测概念权威的机会。
{"title":"Making an Almanac","authors":"David Benqué","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198806820.013.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198806820.013.26","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter employs critical design practice to examine a specific form in the history of prediction—almanacs—and ultimately interrogates the nature of current forms of algorithmic prediction. The chapter revolves around the concept of monism—the idea that the same universal laws govern both natural and social worlds—and focuses on the role monism plays in predictions within almanac publications. It draws on empirical evidence from the Monistic Almanac—an ongoing practice-based research project which revisits the almanac as a site for experiments across the blurry boundary between data science and astrology—in order to conceptualize almanacs as precursors to the current regime of algorithmic prediction. The chapter experiments with computational astrologies and reflects upon the diagrammatic operations of data science. Benqué argues that divination opens up opportunities for critical design practice to question the authority of current notions of predictions.","PeriodicalId":54222,"journal":{"name":"Nano Futures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81296187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Nano Futures
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1