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Spatial planning offshore wind energy farms in California for mediating fisheries and wildlife conservation impacts 加利福尼亚近海风力发电场空间规划,调解对渔业和野生动物保护的影响
IF 5.4 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101005
Crow White , Yi-Hi Wang , Ryan K. Walter , Benjamin I. Ruttenberg , Danny Han , Eli Newman , Ethan R. Deyle , Sucharita Gopal , Les Kaufman

Achieving a blue economy will require reconciling the value of emerging ocean uses with their impacts on the seascape and sectors with historical access to marine resources and areas. To meet this challenge, we developed an analytical framework for conducting marine spatial planning through tradeoff analysis, and applied it to prospective offshore wind energy development in the ∼974 km2 Morro Bay, California, USA Wind Energy Area (WEA). We generated spatial data layers estimating MW power production and impacts on fisheries value and marine wildlife conservation (seabird and cetacean populations) from wind farm development. We then quantified each sector's response to plans of development across the WEA and inside three leases recently acquired by the energy industry for prospective development. Finally, we integrated the sector response data into an analytical framework for mitigating sector tradeoffs with novel spatial planning solutions (maps of wind farm size, location, and configuration) that optimally maximize value to the emergent energy sector (MW power) while minimizing impacts to historical (fisheries and wildlife) sectors. We found that western sites in the WEA had the highest potential power production concurrent with the lowest impact on the historical sectors, revealing the eastern lease to be less efficient at optimally balancing the sector's objectives relative to the development of the central or western leases or the optimal spatial plans identified in the tradeoff analysis. Within a lease, tradeoff analysis found spatial planning able to generate out-sized savings in fisheries value with only modest losses in MW power – for example, by avoiding development in just 5% of the eastern lease to preserve nearly half its fisheries value and still generate 95% its total power potential. Small-scale development opportunities (e.g., a pilot project) with significant power potential and no fisheries impact were also identified, in this case by placing turbines in an area in the western lease with no fisheries value and high power production potential. These plans would also have a relatively low impact on the wildlife conservation sectors, due to decreases in vulnerability levels of both seabird and cetacean populations to turbines going from east to west across the WEA. Our results can inform site evaluation and permitting processes for wind energy development in the Morro Bay WEA. We also expect the tradeoff analysis framework we developed to provide a simple and actionable analytical tool for supporting marine spatial planning of offshore wind energy and other emerging blue economy activities from a balanced perspective that values emerging uses of marine resources alongside existing socio-economic and conservation interests.

要实现蓝色经济,就必须协调好新兴海洋用途的价值与其对海景和历来可利用海洋资源和海域的部门的影响。为了应对这一挑战,我们开发了一个通过权衡分析进行海洋空间规划的分析框架,并将其应用于美国加利福尼亚州莫罗湾风能区(WEA)974 平方公里的海上风能开发。我们生成了空间数据层,估算风电场开发的兆瓦发电量以及对渔业价值和海洋野生动物保护(海鸟和鲸类种群)的影响。然后,我们量化了各部门对整个 WEA 和能源行业最近获得的三个潜在开发租约内的开发计划的反应。最后,我们将各部门的反应数据整合到一个分析框架中,通过新颖的空间规划解决方案(风电场规模、位置和配置图)来减轻各部门之间的权衡,从而最大限度地提高新兴能源部门(兆瓦电力)的价值,同时最大限度地减少对历史部门(渔业和野生动物)的影响。我们发现,西部经济区的西部地点具有最高的潜在发电量,同时对历史部门的影响最小,这表明相对于中部或西部租借地的开发或权衡分析中确定的最佳空间规划,东部租借地在优化平衡部门目标方面的效率较低。权衡分析发现,在一个租借地内,空间规划能够节省大量渔业价值,而仅损失少量兆瓦电力--例如,通过避免开发东部租借地的5%,可保留近一半的渔业价值,同时仍能产生95%的总电力潜力。此外,还确定了发电潜力大且不影响渔业的小规模开发机会(如试点项目),在这种情况下,可在西部租约中没有渔业价值但发电潜力大的区域安装涡轮机。这些计划对野生动物保护领域的影响也相对较小,因为海鸟和鲸类种群对涡轮机从东向西穿过西部经济区的脆弱性水平都有所降低。我们的研究结果可为莫罗湾 WEA 风能开发的选址评估和许可过程提供参考。我们还希望我们开发的权衡分析框架能够提供一个简单可行的分析工具,从平衡的角度支持海上风能和其他新兴蓝色经济活动的海洋空间规划,在重视海洋资源的新兴用途的同时,重视现有的社会经济和保护利益。
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引用次数: 0
Agricultural carbon emission efficiency and agricultural practices: Implications for balancing carbon emissions reduction and agricultural productivity increment 农业碳排放效率与农业实践:平衡碳减排与农业增产的意义
IF 5.4 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101004
Xueqing Yang , Yang Liu , Alberto Bezama , Daniela Thrän

The current Ukraine War underlines the importance of grain self-sufficiency. After the adoption of the Paris Agreement, two major challenges developing countries are facing in the coming decades are increasing agricultural production to ensure food security and reducing carbon emissions (CE). The key to such an “environment-development dilemma” is to improve agricultural carbon emission efficiency (CEE). Using China as the study site, we systematically analyze the impacts of agricultural management activities on agricultural CEE from 1997 to 2019. Global and local Moran's I index tests provide evidence of a positive spatial dependence of agricultural CEE. Using the LISA cluster map, we observe that high CEE regions tend to be distributed together, dominated by environmental conditions. However, with the promotion of agricultural management activities, such a clustering pattern vanished. Our spatial Durbin model (SDM) estimation results indicate that there are significant nonlinear relationships between agricultural practices and agricultural CEE. While the consumption of fertilizers and pesticides has economies of scale effects, the deployment of agricultural machinery and irrigation have diseconomies of scale effects on local CEE. Based on the SDM results, the direct and indirect effect estimation results suggest that the significant direct and spillover effects of many practices on agricultural CEE have opposite nonlinear shapes, implying a more complicated situation in promoting these activities, as the positive regional effect of an agricultural activity might have a negative impact on adjacent regions. All the results indicate that local policymakers should carefully tailor agricultural development policies based on local environmental conditions.

当前的乌克兰战争凸显了粮食自给自足的重要性。巴黎协定》通过后,发展中国家在未来几十年面临两大挑战,一是增加农业生产以确保粮食安全,二是减少碳排放(CE)。解决这一 "环境-发展两难 "问题的关键在于提高农业碳排放效率(CEE)。我们以中国为研究对象,系统分析了 1997 年至 2019 年农业管理活动对农业碳排放效率的影响。全球和地方莫兰 I 指数检验证明了农业 CEE 的正空间依赖性。利用 LISA 聚类图,我们发现,受环境条件的影响,高 CEE 地区往往分布在一起。然而,随着农业管理活动的推广,这种聚类模式消失了。我们的空间杜宾模型(SDM)估计结果表明,农业实践与农业 CEE 之间存在显著的非线性关系。化肥和农药的消耗具有规模经济效应,而农业机械和灌溉的部署则对当地的 CEE 具有规模不经济效应。基于 SDM 结果,直接效应和间接效应估计结果表明,许多做法对农业 CEE 的显著直接效应和溢出效应具有相反的非线性形状,这意味着促进这些活动的情况更为复杂,因为农业活动的正区域效应可能会对相邻地区产生负面影响。所有这些结果都表明,地方决策者应根据当地的环境条件认真制定农业发展政策。
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引用次数: 0
Can policy instruments enhance the benefits of nature-based solutions and curb green gentrification? The case of Genova, Italy 政策工具能否提高基于自然的解决方案的效益并遏制绿色城市化?意大利热那亚的案例
IF 5.4 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2024.100995
Rita Mendonça , Peter Roebeling , Teresa Fidélis , Miguel Saraiva

New policy solutions are necessary to make cities more liveable in a future that will be hampered by climate change, urbanization, landscape fragmentation and overall overexploitation of limited resources and space. There is an aspiration to continue to integrate Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) into global agendas to cope with climate change and urbanization due to their multiple benefits and co-benefits. Nevertheless, socio-economic and especially negative impacts of NBS are rarely considered and integrated into policy literature. Hence, the objective of this study is to address this gap by simulating three different policy instruments to mitigate green gentrification and enhance the impact of co-designed NBS in Genova. For that purpose, the spatially explicit hedonic pricing simulation model SULD (Sustainable Urbanizing Landscape Development) was used to simulate a linearly decreasing property tax to high-income households, a property tax subsidy provided to low and middle-income households and a zoning buffer policy around the NBS implementation area. Results show that all policy instruments have the ability to curb green gentrification, however the property tax subsidy led to added urban expansion, fostering urban sprawl. Both the zoning buffer and the property tax had better overall socio-economic and land use impacts by curbing green gentrification, posing little impact on low-income households and maintaining urban contraction, even though this contraction was smaller for the property tax instrument. Hence, it can be concluded that a policy mix including information, planning and economic instruments may be most effective to enhance the impact and mitigate green gentrification of NBS.

未来的城市将受到气候变化、城市化、景观破碎化以及有限资源和空间总体过度开发的阻碍,因此有必要制定新的政策解决方案,使城市更加宜居。人们希望继续将基于自然的解决方案(NBS)纳入全球议程,以应对气候变化和城市化,因为它们具有多重效益和共同效益。然而,NBS 的社会经济影响,尤其是负面影响很少被考虑并纳入政策文献。因此,本研究的目的是通过模拟三种不同的政策工具来缓解绿色绅士化,并增强共同设计的热那亚非核心系统的影响,从而弥补这一不足。为此,我们使用了空间显式享乐主义定价模拟模型 SULD(可持续城市化景观发展)来模拟向高收入家庭征收线性递减的房产税、向中低收入家庭提供房产税补贴以及在 NBS 实施区域周围实施分区缓冲政策。结果表明,所有政策工具都有能力遏制绿色绅士化,但房产税补贴导致了更多的城市扩张,助长了城市无序扩张。分区缓冲和房产税对社会经济和土地使用都有较好的整体影响,它们抑制了绿色绅士化,对低收入家庭的影响很小,并维持了城市收缩,尽管房产税工具的收缩幅度较小。因此,可以得出这样的结论,即包括信息、规划和经济手段在内的政策组合可能最有效地增强北部湾战略的影响并缓解绿色绅士化。
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引用次数: 0
Behind the cattle industry: Modern slave labor used to produce Brazil's beef and leather 养牛业的背后:生产巴西牛肉和皮革所使用的现代奴隶劳动
IF 5.4 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101000
Juliana Brandão , Lisa Rausch , Jacob Munger , Lisa Naughton-Treves , Holly K. Gibbs

In this study we investigated the persistent problem of modern slave labor (MSL) in the cattle industry in the state of Pará, Brazil. We identified key characteristics of cattle ranches implicated in MSL and evaluated the efficacy of Zero-Deforestation Agreements in preventing MSL in supply chains. We found properties on the “Dirty List” for MSL tend to be larger, more forested, and faster at deforesting than other ranches. Additionally, we discovered degrading conditions and debt bondage are the predominant MSL types in the cattle sector. Our results show slaughterhouses avoid buying directly from properties with MSL. However, cattle from Dirty List properties continue to enter slaughterhouse supply chains through indirect suppliers, even those committed to Zero-Deforestation Agreements. Overall, our findings reveal the complexity of addressing labor exploitation in opaque cattle supply chains. Expanding monitoring and traceability systems, improving transparency, and providing alternative livelihoods for at-risk workers are urgently needed. Public-private collaborations show promise for strengthening enforcement and improving working conditions in the cattle industry.

在这项研究中,我们调查了巴西帕拉州养牛业长期存在的现代奴工(MSL)问题。我们确定了涉及 MSL 的养牛场的主要特征,并评估了零毁林协议在防止供应链中出现 MSL 方面的功效。我们发现,与其他牧场相比,被列入 MSL "肮脏名单 "的牧场往往规模更大、森林覆盖率更高、毁林速度更快。此外,我们还发现在养牛业中,劣质条件和债役是主要的 MSL 类型。我们的研究结果表明,屠宰场避免直接从存在 MSL 的牧场购买牲畜。然而,来自 "肮脏名单 "牧场的牛继续通过间接供应商进入屠宰场供应链,甚至是那些承诺 "零毁林协议 "的供应商。总之,我们的发现揭示了在不透明的牛供应链中解决劳动剥削问题的复杂性。当务之急是扩大监控和可追溯系统,提高透明度,并为面临风险的工人提供替代生计。公私合作为加强执法和改善养牛业的工作条件带来了希望。
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引用次数: 0
Promoting social justice and women's rights: Mitigating the negative impacts of large hydropower projects on tribal women in the Hindu Kush Himalaya region 促进社会正义和妇女权利:减轻大型水电项目对兴都库什喜马拉雅地区部落妇女的负面影响
IF 5.4 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2024.101001
Tahira Javed , Xu Zhao , Ali B. Mahmoud , Leonora Fuxman , Roudaina Houjeir

This study highlights the significance of comprehending the region's caste system and cultural norms and their influence on implementing compensation and resettlement programs in hydropower projects to gain social sustainability. By leveraging Social Justice Theory, we examine how systemic inequalities affect tribal women, particularly in the context of large-scale hydropower projects. Tribal women's social and cultural identities expose them to vulnerabilities, leading to negative consequences concerning large-scale hydropower projects. The lack of access to justice and limited participation in decision-making poses social justice challenges, undermining their fundamental rights, such as basic needs, healthcare, and education. Consequently, their well-being and quality of life suffer, impeding support for such projects. The extent of these adverse effects may vary depending on whether women belong to local (Indigenous) or non-local tribes (non-Indigenous). Our analysis reveals the critical role of tribal affiliation in moderating the relationship between social justice dimensions—such as distributive, procedural, substantive, and recognition justice—and social sustainability, offering new insights into Social Justice Theory. This study explores the potential of careful planning that prioritises the needs of tribal women regardless of tribal affiliation to mitigate these negative social consequences. The study employs a social justice framework to address these challenges. Through the analysis of 511 questionnaires using PLS-SEM, the study revealed that tribal affiliation moderates the relationship between social justice and sustainability. This contribution enriches Social Justice Theory by providing empirical evidence of the intersectionality of social justice issues in the context of development projects. The study further identified that social sustainability and community satisfaction mediate the relationship between social justice and support for hydropower projects, while tribal affiliation moderates this relationship.

本研究强调了理解该地区种姓制度和文化规范的重要性,以及它们对在水电项目中实施补偿和重新安置计划以实现社会可持续性的影响。通过利用社会正义理论,我们研究了系统性不平等是如何影响部落妇女的,尤其是在大型水电项目中。部落妇女的社会和文化身份使她们容易受到伤害,从而对大型水电项目造成负面影响。她们无法诉诸司法,参与决策的机会有限,这给社会公正带来了挑战,损害了她们的基本权利,如基本需求、医疗保健和教育。因此,他们的福祉和生活质量受到影响,阻碍了对此类项目的支持。这些不利影响的程度可能因妇女属于本地(土著)部落还是非本地(非土著)部落而有所不同。我们的分析揭示了部落归属在调节社会公正维度(如分配公正、程序公正、实质公正和认可公正)与社会可持续性之间关系的关键作用,为社会公正理论提供了新的见解。本研究探讨了不分部落归属、优先考虑部落妇女需求的精心规划在减轻这些负面社会后果方面的潜力。本研究采用社会公正框架来应对这些挑战。通过使用 PLS-SEM 对 511 份问卷进行分析,该研究揭示了部落隶属关系对社会公正和可持续性之间关系的调节作用。这一贡献丰富了社会公正理论,为发展项目中社会公正问题的交叉性提供了经验证据。研究进一步确定,社会可持续性和社区满意度是社会公正与水电项目支持之间关系的中介,而部落归属则调节这种关系。
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引用次数: 0
Agroecosystem-based analysis of household dietary diversity and its linkage with agricultural production diversification in the Upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia: Multilevel analysis approach 基于农业生态系统的埃塞俄比亚上青尼罗河流域家庭膳食多样性及其与农业生产多样化的联系分析:多层次分析方法
IF 5.4 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2024.100999
Biruk Yazie Wubetie , Atsushi Tsunekawa , Nigussie Haregeweyn , Mitsuru Tsubo , Zerihun Nigussie , Taye Minichil Meshesha

Even though the UN's Sustainable Development Goals emphasize improving dietary diversity and overall nutritional status globally by promoting sustainable agriculture, inadequately diversified dietary intake remains a public health problem in many low-income countries, including in Sub-Saharan Africa. The main objective of this study was to gather relevant information to gain an improved understanding of household dietary diversity and explore the role that production diversification could play within household diets and nutrition so that appropriate interventions could be implemented with the goal of enhancing nutrition-sensitive agriculture while also considering the varied features across the agroecosystems. Agroecosystem-based cross-sectional study design was employed. Data were collected predominantly through semi-structured questionnaires and analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics, and a multilevel mixed-effect model. Results showed that the usual dietary intake of households has a monotonous pattern dominated by starchy staple foods, and consumption of fruits, vegetables, and animal-sourced foods was very limited. One out of five households had inadequate dietary diversity but varied significantly across agroecosystems. About 26% of the heterogeneity in dietary diversity was attributed due to agroecosystem level factors. In the fixed-effect part of the model, production diversification, wealth status, number of meals per day, market access, and annual mean rainfall were significantly associated with household dietary diversity status. The findings of our research contribute to give insights on the linkage between dietary diversity and production diversification among subsistence rural farmers across contrasting agroecosystem zones. Therefore, understanding agroecosystem variations and local context in the rural subsistence farming setup is a key point in designing nutrition-sensitive agriculture.

尽管联合国可持续发展目标强调通过促进可持续农业在全球范围内改善膳食多样性和整体营养状况,但在包括撒哈拉以南非洲地区在内的许多低收入国家,膳食摄入不够多样化仍是一个公共卫生问题。本研究的主要目的是收集相关信息,以便更好地了解家庭膳食多样性,并探讨生产多样化在家庭膳食和营养中可能发挥的作用,从而实施适当的干预措施,以加强对营养敏感的农业,同时考虑到农业生态系统的不同特征。采用了基于农业生态系统的横断面研究设计。数据主要通过半结构式问卷收集,并通过描述性和推论性统计以及多层次混合效应模型进行分析。结果显示,家庭通常的膳食摄入模式单一,以淀粉类主食为主,水果、蔬菜和动物源性食物的摄入量非常有限。每五个家庭中就有一个家庭的膳食多样性不足,但在不同的农业生态系统中差异显著。约 26% 的膳食多样性异质性归因于农业生态系统层面的因素。在模型的固定效应部分,生产多样化、财富状况、每日进餐次数、市场准入和年平均降雨量与家庭膳食多样性状况显著相关。我们的研究结果有助于深入了解不同农业生态系统区域自给农户膳食多样性与生产多样化之间的联系。因此,在设计营养敏感型农业时,了解农业生态系统的差异和农村自给农作的当地背景是一个关键点。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of drought hazards and coping strategies adopted by pastoral communities in the Cholistan Rangeland of Pakistan 评估巴基斯坦乔里斯坦牧场的干旱危害和牧民采取的应对策略
IF 5.4 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2024.100996
Muhammad Farooq Azhar , Muhammad Junaid Faiz , Ehsan Ali , Abida Aziz , Muhammad Akbar , Ghulam Raza , Muhammad Abdullah , Muhammad Muzammil Habib , Muhammad Farooq Akram

Drought is a common feature of all rangelands, which directly affects biotic life including local dwellers by various means. These drought-prone dwellers have adopted various strategies to survive in severe weather conditions. These strategies vary according to locality and depend on multiple socioeconomic factors. It is crucial to record different coping mechanisms at the local level to reduce the risks associated with recurring droughts given the forecasts of increased drought impacts in pastoral regions and other social pressures. The objective of this study is to estimate the severity of drought and look at short-term drought coping mechanisms in the Cholistan rangeland and characterize its characteristics. 320 respondents were selected from different areas of the Cholistan rangeland by using a random sampling technique. The Standardized Precipitation Index was used to estimate the severity of drought through rainfall data from 1987 to 2017, obtained from the Pakistan Council for Research in Water Resources. The results revealed that severe droughts occurred in Cholistan during the years 1999 (−10), 2002 (−11.6), 2014 (−2.69), 2015 (−2.93), and 2017 (−0.53). Migration, livestock sales, herd splitting, and destocking are the four important short-term coping strategies adopted by pastoralists before and during droughts in Cholistan rangeland with 50.4%, 27.4%, 10.3%, and 11.97% respectively. The chi-square result showed that there is a significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) in strategies adopted by pastoralists in different localities, as well as residence and herd size, and also significantly affect (p ≤ 0.05) the strategies adopted by pastoralists from the Cholistan rangelands. Drought in Cholistan is evident through various ecological and socioeconomic effects and pastoralists adopt different measures against drought by mostly relying on existing resources.

干旱是所有牧场的共同特征,它通过各种方式直接影响生物生命,包括当地居民。这些易受干旱影响的居民采取了各种策略,以便在恶劣的天气条件下生存。这些策略因地而异,取决于多种社会经济因素。考虑到牧区干旱影响加剧的预测和其他社会压力,记录地方层面的不同应对机制以降低反复干旱带来的风险至关重要。本研究的目的是估计干旱的严重程度,考察乔里斯坦牧场的短期干旱应对机制及其特点。研究采用随机抽样技术,从乔里斯坦牧场的不同地区选取了 320 名受访者。通过从巴基斯坦水资源研究理事会获得的 1987 年至 2017 年的降雨量数据,使用标准化降水指数来估计干旱的严重程度。结果显示,乔里斯坦在 1999 年(-10)、2002 年(-11.6)、2014 年(-2.69)、2015 年(-2.93)和 2017 年(-0.53)发生了严重干旱。迁徙、牲畜出售、分群和绝育是乔里斯坦牧场牧民在干旱前和干旱期间采取的四种重要的短期应对策略,分别占 50.4%、27.4%、10.3% 和 11.97%。卡方检验结果表明,不同地区的牧民所采取的策略以及居住地和牧群规模存在显著差异(p ≤ 0.05),而且乔里斯坦牧场牧民所采取的策略也受到显著影响(p ≤ 0.05)。乔里斯坦的干旱对生态和社会经济的影响是显而易见的,牧民主要依靠现有资源采取不同的抗旱措施。
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引用次数: 0
Interplay of virtual and physical channels in propagating green behaviour: A study integrating motivation-opportunity-ability and theory of planned behaviour 虚拟和物理渠道在传播绿色行为中的相互作用:结合动机-机会-能力和计划行为理论的研究
IF 5.4 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2024.100997
Chuang Li , Xiaoman Wang , Liping Wang

Traditional communication channels and new “human-computer interaction” spread channels are intertwined, facilitating the promote of the concept of “green for all”. This paper integrates the influence of virtual channel and physical channel attributes into the Motivation-Opportunity-Ability theory (MOA) and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to explore the spread process of public green behaviors. The results show that: (1) In the composite effect, environmental responsibility (ER) and external objective factors (EOF) have no significant impact on the propagation of green behavior among the public. Both virtual channel attributes (VCA) and physical channel attributes (PCA) can accelerate the spread process of public green behavior, with PCA having the greatest impact on the propagation of public green behavior. (2) ER, VCA, PCA, EOF, and external subjective factors (ESF) can all promote the spread of public green behavior through the intermediary chain of spread motivation and spread intention. Among them, channel attributes more directly influence the spread of green behavior, and the chain mediating effect of ER through the chain was the most significant. At the same time, ESF plays a significant moderating role between the intention to spread and propagation behavior (PB), effectively bridging the gap between behavior and intention. (3) Further heterogeneity analysis shows that, compared with males, PCA has a greater promoting effect on the green behavior propagation of females, while VCA has a more significant positive effect on the green behavior propagation of the more educated public. Finally, this article examines the presence of intermediary and regulatory mechanisms among various income groups. Research has found that promoting the creation of conducive conditions for comprehensive green behavior propagation and developing targeted and mass-oriented green behavior propagation strategies by all societal stakeholders are crucial for enhancing public engagement in green practices.

传统传播渠道与新型 "人机交互 "传播渠道相互交织,促进了 "全民绿色 "理念的推广。本文将虚拟渠道和物理渠道属性的影响纳入动机-机会-能力理论(MOA)和计划行为理论(TPB),探讨公众绿色行为的传播过程。结果表明(1)在复合效应中,环境责任(ER)和外部客观因素(EOF)对公众绿色行为的传播没有显著影响。虚拟渠道属性(VCA)和物理渠道属性(PCA)都能加速公众绿色行为的传播过程,其中 PCA 对公众绿色行为的传播影响最大。(2)ER、VCA、PCA、EOF 和外部主观因素(ESF)都能通过传播动机和传播意向这一中介链条促进公众绿色行为的传播。其中,渠道属性对绿色行为传播的影响更为直接,ER通过该链条的中介效应最为显著。同时,ESF 在传播意向与传播行为(PB)之间起到了显著的调节作用,有效地弥补了行为与意向之间的差距。(3)进一步的异质性分析表明,与男性相比,PCA 对女性的绿色行为传播具有更大的促进作用,而 VCA 对受教育程度较高的公众的绿色行为传播具有更显著的积极作用。最后,本文研究了不同收入群体中是否存在中介和监管机制。研究发现,促进所有社会利益相关者为全面推广绿色行为创造有利条件,并制定有针对性的、面向大众的绿色行为推广策略,是提高公众参与绿色实践的关键。
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引用次数: 0
Accuracy of historical precipitation from CMIP6 global climate models under diversified climatic features over India CMIP6 全球气候模型在印度不同气候特征下得出的历史降水量的准确性
IF 5.4 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2024.100998
Gaurav Patel , Subhasish Das , Rajib Das

The importance of global climate models (GCMs) is increasingly recognized due to their excellent ability to accurately predict climatic factors. These capabilities prove invaluable to water resources engineers as they facilitate effective planning and strategic decision-making. Finally, evaluating the performance of GCMs is very important because it allows us to simulate and predict different climate scenarios, empowering us to make informed choices. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the degree of discordance between historical simulated data produced by the CMIP6 models and historical observational data over different climate zones of India. The ability of 24 different GCMs to reproduce the geographical and seasonal distribution of Indian precipitation has been tested by analyzing the daily historical precipitation forecasts from these models. These models have been used to estimate the degree of uncertainty associated with the spatiotemporal variability of precipitation forecasts. More than 20% percent bias (PBIAS) is observed to occur predominantly in four climate classifications: polar tundra, temperate, cold, and tropical monsoon. In some regions of India, the CMIP6 models produce overestimated or underestimated results. The locations identified indicate that there have been changes of more than 20% PBIAS near Sivalik Range, Naga Hills, and Western Ghats. The precipitations of those regions that have been underestimated also imply that those locations have different climatic conditions. This study also highlights that CMIP6 GCMs are yet to produce better results near several Indian mountainous regions depending upon climates. The outcomes of this study will be very useful for reconstructing modeled data for that specific regions.

由于全球气候模型(GCM)具有准确预测气候因素的卓越能力,其重要性日益得到认可。这些能力对于水利工程师来说是无价之宝,因为它们有助于有效规划和战略决策。最后,评估 GCM 的性能非常重要,因为它可以让我们模拟和预测不同的气候情景,使我们能够做出明智的选择。因此,本研究的目的是确定 CMIP6 模型生成的历史模拟数据与印度不同气候区的历史观测数据之间的不一致程度。通过分析 24 个不同 GCM 模型的每日历史降水预报,测试了这些模型再现印度降水的地理和季节分布的能力。这些模型被用来估算与降水预报的时空变化相关的不确定性程度。据观测,超过 20% 的偏差(PBIAS)主要出现在四个气候分类中:极地苔原、温带、寒带和热带季风。在印度的一些地区,CMIP6 模式产生了高估或低估的结果。已确定的地点表明,西瓦利克山脉、那加山和西高止山附近的 PBIAS 变化超过了 20%。这些地区的降水量被低估,也意味着这些地方的气候条件不同。这项研究还突出表明,CMIP6 全球气候模型在印度几个山区附近还没有根据气候条件得出更好的结果。这项研究的结果将对重建特定地区的模型数据非常有用。
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引用次数: 0
Building readiness for climate change: A study of organizational learning in the management of natural resources, northeastern Iran 为应对气候变化做好准备:伊朗东北部自然资源管理中的组织学习研究
IF 5.4 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2024.100994
Ahmad Abedi Sarvestani , Joanne Millar

Readiness is critical to adaptation to climate change and includes how organizations adjust their structures, processes, and policies for both mitigation and adaptation. Organizational learning regarding climate change is the process by which organizations and institutions acquire the knowledge, skills, and capabilities necessary to understand, manage, and adapt to the impacts of climate change. This process emphasizes continuous learning, innovation, and collaboration as key strategies for effectively responding to the ongoing climate crisis. The aim of this study was to investigate the current state of organizational learning related to climate change among the General Directorates of Natural Resources and Watershed Management in Golestan and North Khorasan provinces of Iran. The research was conducted using a survey method, through which 80 experts from two organizations were randomly selected to complete a structured questionnaire. The findings revealed that although employees have a strong attitude towards climate change, organizational learning related to climate change is weak. The five dimensions of organizational learning (knowledge acquisition, information distribution, information interpretation, organizational memory, information application) were assessed. Information interpretation had the most weight, while organizational memory had the least. Positive attitudes toward climate change were associated with increased engagement in climate change-related organizational learning. The study recommends implementing training and awareness initiatives, fostering knowledge sharing and retention, encouraging positive attitudes towards climate change, and promoting collaboration to enhance organizational learning as a prerequisite for organizational readiness to climate change.

准备工作对于适应气候变化至关重要,包括组织如何调整其结构、流程和政策,以减缓和适应气候变化。有关气候变化的组织学习是组织和机构获取必要的知识、技能和能力,以了解、管理和适应气候变化影响的过程。这一过程强调持续学习、创新和协作,将其作为有效应对当前气候危机的关键策略。本研究旨在调查伊朗戈勒斯坦省和北呼罗珊省自然资源和流域管理总局与气候变化相关的组织学习现状。研究采用了调查法,从两个组织中随机抽取了 80 名专家填写结构化问卷。调查结果显示,虽然员工对气候变化持强烈态度,但与气候变化相关的组织学习却很薄弱。对组织学习的五个维度(知识获取、信息发布、信息解读、组织记忆、信息应用)进行了评估。信息解读的权重最大,而组织记忆的权重最小。对气候变化的积极态度与更多参与气候变化相关的组织学习有关。研究建议,实施培训和提高认识计划,促进知识共享和保留,鼓励对气候变化的积极态度,促进合作以加强组织学习,这是组织做好气候变化准备的前提条件。
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Environmental Development
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