Environmental Development最新文献_第9页

Incorporating drone imagery and field-data to assess geographic and social drivers of agroforestry biodiversity in western Ecuador 结合无人机图像和实地数据，评估厄瓜多尔西部农林业生物多样性的地理和社会驱动因素

IF 5.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Development

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101344

Sophia C. Roberts , Florencia Montagnini , Ryan L. Lynch , Jerry Toth , Simon A. Queenborough

Rapid deforestation for agricultural commodities continues to threaten tropical forests, which harbor unparalleled biodiversity and provide essential carbon sequestration. Agroforestry offers a restorative solution to forest loss by integrating trees into agricultural landscapes, allowing farmers to profit from tree products while maintaining ecosystem health. Despite its benefits, the widespread adoption of agroforestry by smallholder farmers is often hindered by high establishment costs. Payment for Ecosystem Service (PES) programs present a promising opportunity to support agroforestry expansion, yet limited monitoring strategies constrain efforts to scale up restoration and evaluate factors influencing farm biodiversity. Organizations promoting biodiverse agricultural landscapes face challenges in assessing diversity due to restricted farm access, dangerous terrain, lack of time, and financial constraints. In collaboration with a local organization funding agroforestry adoption in Ecuador's highly degraded Pacific Forest, we acquired high-resolution RGB drone imagery and field data with help from local botanical experts to identify individual trees in drone imagery. We then calculated farm-level diversity metrics in order to analyze their relationships with social and geographic characteristics of 30 farms in the region. Results indicated that elevation was the main factor driving tree species richness, with little effect of farm size, farm range of elevation, or farm steward gender. Understanding how environmental factors relate to variation in tree diversity across farms can inform targeted assistance for farmers and enhance the effectiveness of community-led efforts to restore these critical forest ecosystems.

为获取农产品而迅速砍伐森林继续威胁着热带森林，而热带森林拥有无与伦比的生物多样性，并提供必要的碳封存。农林业通过将树木纳入农业景观，为森林损失提供了一种恢复性解决方案，使农民能够从树木产品中获利，同时保持生态系统的健康。尽管农林业有好处，但小农广泛采用农林业往往受到高昂建立成本的阻碍。生态系统服务付费（PES）计划为支持农林复合发展提供了一个有希望的机会，但有限的监测策略限制了扩大恢复规模和评估影响农场生物多样性因素的努力。由于农业准入受限、地形危险、缺乏时间和资金限制，促进农业景观生物多样性的组织在评估多样性方面面临挑战。我们与一个资助厄瓜多尔高度退化的太平洋森林采用农林业的当地组织合作，在当地植物学专家的帮助下，获得了高分辨率RGB无人机图像和实地数据，以识别无人机图像中的单个树木。然后，我们计算了农场层面的多样性指标，以分析它们与该地区30个农场的社会和地理特征之间的关系。结果表明，海拔高度是影响树种丰富度的主要因素，对农场规模、农场海拔范围和农场管理员性别的影响较小。了解环境因素与农场树木多样性变化之间的关系，可以为农民提供有针对性的援助，并提高社区主导的恢复这些关键森林生态系统的努力的有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Contract signing and low-carbon technology adoption in rice production: survey evidence from China 合同签订与低碳技术在水稻生产中的应用：来自中国的调查证据

IF 5.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Development

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101339

Lin Tang , Xiaofeng Luo

Contract farming, as an innovative agricultural management model, has proven highly effective in stabilizing agricultural production growth and sustaining farmers' incomes. However, its role in promoting the green and low-carbon transformation of agricultural production under current sustainability imperatives remains insufficiently explored empirically. To address this gap, this study develops a theoretical framework to systematically examine the impact and mechanisms of contract signing on farmers' low-carbon production behaviors, while also investigating heterogeneous effects. The findings are as follows: First, farmers exhibit a relatively strong sense of contract, with 57.7 % of the sampled farmers having signed contracts with purchasers. Second, contract signing has a significantly positive effect on farmers' low-carbon production behavior. Third, mechanism analysis reveals that the impact of contract signing on farmers' low-carbon production behavior primarily operates through two pathways: reducing transaction costs and mitigating sales risks. Fourth, in heterogeneous contexts, bargaining power moderates the relationship between contract signing and farmers’ low-carbon production behavior. Therefore, encouraging and guiding farmers to actively enter into purchase contracts with buyers and improving the market sales system for agricultural products are crucial for advancing the green and low-carbon transformation of agriculture.

承包经营作为一种创新的农业经营模式，在稳定农业生产增长、维持农民收入方面具有良好的效果。然而，在当前可持续发展的要求下，其在促进农业生产绿色低碳转型中的作用仍未得到充分的实证探索。为了弥补这一空白，本研究构建了一个理论框架，系统地考察了契约签订对农民低碳生产行为的影响和机制，同时也考察了异质性效应。研究发现：第一，农户契约意识较强，有57.7%的农户与采购商签订过契约；第二，契约签订对农民低碳生产行为有显著的正向影响。第三，机制分析表明，合同签订对农民低碳生产行为的影响主要通过降低交易成本和降低销售风险两种途径运行。第四，在异质性背景下，议价能力调节了契约签订与农民低碳生产行为的关系。因此，鼓励和引导农民积极与买方签订收购合同，完善农产品市场销售制度，对推进农业绿色低碳转型至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Digging in the shadows: A grounded theory study on the drivers of illegal well drilling in southern Iran 在阴影中挖掘：对伊朗南部非法钻井驱动因素的扎根理论研究

IF 5.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Development

Pub Date : 2025-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101338

Masoud Yazdanpanah , Fatemeh Zahra Romina , Zeinab Sharifi , Katharina Löhr , Michelle Bonatti , Stefan Sieber

The agricultural sector is the largest consumer of water resources in Iran. Due to the country's physical and geographical constraints, groundwater overexploitation has intensified, making illegal well drilling an increasingly critical and uncontrolled national issue. This study investigates the underlying causes of illegal well drilling in Bushehr province using a qualitative grounded theory approach. Data was collected through in-depth, open-ended interviews, document analysis, and observations. The study's statistical population comprised farmers with water wells and experts from relevant organizations. Using snowball sampling, data collection continued until theoretical saturation was reached, resulting in a total of 53 interviews (23 farmers and 30 experts). The grounded theory analysis followed three coding stages: open, axial, and selective coding. Open coding yielded 322 concepts, which were refined into 21 categories during axial coding. Ultimately, a paradigm model of the drivers of illegal well drilling in southern Iran was presented including the main phenomenon, contextual conditions, causal conditions, intervening conditions, strategies, and consequences. Providing a comprehensive conception of the subject, the findings can pave the route for mitigating illegal well drilling and promoting sustainable groundwater management.

农业部门是伊朗最大的水资源消耗者。由于国家的自然和地理限制，地下水过度开采愈演愈烈，使得非法钻井成为日益严重和不受控制的全国性问题。本文采用定性扎根理论的方法，探讨了布什尔省非法钻井的根本原因。通过深入、开放式访谈、文献分析和观察收集数据。该研究的统计人口包括有水井的农民和相关组织的专家。使用滚雪球抽样，数据收集一直持续到达到理论饱和，总共进行了53次访谈（23名农民和30名专家）。扎根理论分析遵循三个编码阶段：开放编码、轴向编码和选择性编码。开放编码产生322个概念，轴向编码细化为21个类别。最后，提出了伊朗南部非法钻井驱动因素的范式模型，包括主要现象、背景条件、因果条件、干预条件、策略和后果。研究结果提供了一个全面的主题概念，可以为减少非法钻井和促进可持续地下水管理铺平道路。

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引用次数: 0

Community-based natural resource management in coastal communities: The contribution of mangroves to household livelihoods in southern Thailand 沿海社区基于社区的自然资源管理：泰国南部红树林对家庭生计的贡献

IF 5.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Development

Pub Date : 2025-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101340

Rawinorn Dulyakasem , Cassandra Brooks , Savannah L. Lehnert , Peter Newton

The degradation and loss of mangrove forests decreases the capacity of these ecosystems to contribute to the livelihoods of local people in coastal areas. Community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) has been adopted as a means to sustainably conserve ecological systems and improve livelihoods. We explored the links between CBNRM and livelihoods in mangrove ecosystems by asking: In what ways and to what extent do households benefit from mangrove forests? and How do individuals and households contribute to the protection of these benefits, through CBNRM? We conducted structured interviews in 150 households across three coastal communities in southern Thailand. We found that households gained multiple livelihood benefits from mangrove forests, which included provisioning (e.g., fish, timber), cultural (e.g., family and community cohesiveness, community-based tourism), regulating (e.g., coastal protection, air quality regulation), and supporting (e.g., habitats and nursery grounds for aquatic biodiversity) ecosystem services. Across 150 households, an average of 38 % of household income derived from mangroves, and 90 % of households perceived mangroves to be important for their livelihoods. Additionally, we found that community members actively participated in and contributed to multiple CBNRM activities. A primary motivation to participate included the desire to maintain access to livelihood benefits that their household or community enjoyed from the mangroves. Our findings suggest that CBNRM is an effective mechanism by which local communities can manage mangroves and improve livelihoods. Our paper contributes an empirical understanding of the importance of mangroves for livelihoods under CBNRM using a large sample size of households in an ecologically important region.

红树林的退化和丧失降低了这些生态系统对沿海地区当地人民生计作出贡献的能力。以社区为基础的自然资源管理（CBNRM）已被采纳为可持续保护生态系统和改善生计的手段。我们通过以下问题探讨了红树林生态系统中CBNRM与生计之间的联系：家庭以何种方式和在多大程度上受益于红树林？个人和家庭如何通过CBNRM为保护这些福利做出贡献？我们对泰国南部三个沿海社区的150个家庭进行了结构化访谈。我们发现，家庭从红树林中获得了多种生计效益，包括供应（如鱼类、木材）、文化（如家庭和社区凝聚力、社区旅游）、调节（如海岸保护、空气质量调节）和支持（如水生生物多样性的栖息地和苗圃）生态系统服务。在150个家庭中，平均38%的家庭收入来自红树林，90%的家庭认为红树林对他们的生计很重要。此外，我们发现社区成员积极参与并贡献了多个CBNRM活动。参与的一个主要动机是希望继续获得其家庭或社区从红树林获得的生计福利。我们的研究结果表明，CBNRM是当地社区管理红树林和改善生计的有效机制。我们的论文利用生态重要地区的大量家庭样本，对CBNRM下红树林对生计的重要性进行了实证理解。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of grazing intensity on ecosystem services in arid grasslands and implications for management 放牧强度对干旱草原生态系统服务的影响及其管理意义

IF 5.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Development

Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101333

Mengqi Yuan , Fang Han

Arid grassland ecosystems play a crucial role in maintaining regional ecological balance and supporting pastoral production. However, overgrazing and climate change have led to the degradation of ecosystem services (ESs). Understanding the complex relationship between grazing intensity (GI) and ESs is essential for achieving sustainable management of grassland ecosystems. This study focuses on the arid grasslands of Xinjiang, China, using dual-scale analysis (grid and county levels), and integrates multi-source data and models such as the Geodetector to evaluate the spatiotemporal dynamics of GI on ecosystem service capacity (ESCL) and synergy level (ESSL) from 2000 to 2020. Results show significant synergy among ESs, with GI playing a key interactive role in influencing them. Both ESCL and ESSL exhibit an inverted U-shaped relationship with GI: at low GI (GI < 0.4), ESCL and ESSL demonstrate synergy, but when GI exceeds 0.6, a trade-off emerges. The impact of different grazing intensities on ESCL and ESSL varies significantly across spatial clusters, with medium grazing levels generally sustaining the sustainability of grassland ecosystems. In fragile regions like Southern Xinjiang, maintaining low GI is crucial for protecting ESs, while in more resilient areas like Northern Xinjiang, medium GI (GI 0.4–0.6) helps optimize the benefits of ESs. The findings provide scientific support for grazing management strategies in Xinjiang's arid grasslands and offer theoretical guidance for the sustainable use of grassland resources in arid regions globally.

干旱草地生态系统在维持区域生态平衡、支持畜牧生产等方面具有重要作用。然而，过度放牧和气候变化导致了生态系统服务功能的退化。了解放牧强度与生态环境之间的复杂关系对实现草地生态系统的可持续管理至关重要。以新疆干旱区草原为研究对象，采用双尺度（栅格级和县域级）分析方法，结合Geodetector等多源数据和模型，对2000 - 2020年新疆干旱区草原生态系统服务能力（ESCL）和协同水平（ESSL）的地理特征时空动态进行了评价。结果表明，ESs之间具有显著的协同作用，GI在影响ESs的交互作用中起着关键作用。ESCL和ESSL都与GI呈倒u型关系：在低GI （GI < 0.4）时，ESCL和ESSL表现出协同作用，但当GI超过0.6时，则出现权衡关系。不同放牧强度对草地生态系统ESCL和ESSL的影响在不同空间集群间差异显著，中等放牧水平总体上维持了草地生态系统的可持续性。在南疆等脆弱地区，维持低GI对于保护生态环境至关重要，而在北疆等韧性较强的地区，中等GI （GI 0.4-0.6）有助于优化生态环境效益。研究结果为新疆干旱草原的放牧管理策略提供了科学支撑，为全球干旱区草地资源的可持续利用提供了理论指导。

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引用次数: 0

Who protects the protected? Rethinking public engagement on Greece's Natura 2000 beaches 谁保护被保护的人？重新思考公众对希腊Natura 2000海滩的参与

IF 5.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Development

Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101335

Alexandra Ćulibrk , Panayiotis G. Dimitrakopoulos , Giorgos D. Kokkoris , Ourania Tzoraki

Europe's Natura 2000 (N2k) network safeguards biodiversity, yet public awareness of its coastal sites, especially beaches, remains limited. Many of these areas lack formal management and are subject to seasonal tourism pressures, with minimal conservation outreach outside the bathing period. This study investigates whether public disengagement stems from indifference or simply a lack of awareness. Using data from 14 protected beaches in Greece, we analyzed visitor familiarity with N2k, satisfaction with the site, and willingness to support its protection. Applying CATPCA, cluster analysis, and Cramer's V, we identified two visitor profiles. Profile 1 had low awareness and minimal understanding of protection measures, calling for foundational education and signage. Profile 2 showed higher awareness but limited understanding of conservation restrictions, suggesting a need for participatory and experiential tools. Tailoring outreach to these profiles can enhance environmental education and public engagement, strengthening citizen-supported conservation in under-managed coastal N2k sites.

欧洲的自然2000 （N2k）网络保护生物多样性，但公众对其海岸遗址，特别是海滩的认识仍然有限。其中许多地区缺乏正式的管理，受到季节性旅游的压力，在洗浴期之外的保护工作很少。这项研究调查了公众脱离是源于冷漠还是仅仅是缺乏意识。利用希腊14个受保护海滩的数据，我们分析了游客对N2k的熟悉程度、对该网站的满意度以及支持其保护的意愿。应用CATPCA、聚类分析和Cramer's V，我们确定了两个访问者档案。1号人对保护措施的认识和理解程度较低，需要进行基础教育和标识。图2显示对保护限制的认识较高，但理解有限，表明需要参与性和体验性工具。根据这些情况量身定制的外展活动可以加强环境教育和公众参与，加强对管理不足的N2k海岸遗址的公民支持保护。

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引用次数: 0

Reclaiming monetary governance: how French convertible local currencies embed strong sustainability through participatory institutions 重整货币治理：法国可兑换本币如何通过参与性机构嵌入强大的可持续性

IF 5.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Development

Pub Date : 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101332

Nicolas Laurence

This article examines whether French convertible local currencies (CLCs) can operationalise strong sustainability. Drawing on a national survey (53 associations, 431 professionals, 786 users) and a case study of the Eusko, multivariate analysis shows that participatory governance—not territorial scope—is the key organisational predictor of ecological selectivity, including supplier screening and environmental charter adoption. Qualitative evidence clarifies that mixed commissions and collective reserve allocation embed sufficiency criteria in daily practice. However, mandatory one-to-one euro convertibility constrain aggregate impact by linking local money supply to national liquidity cycles and limiting public-sector use. The findings indicate that CLCs can foster sufficiency-oriented innovation where subsidiarity is matched by deliberative capacity, but broader systemic influence depends on regulatory reforms to expand fiscal subsidiarity and green refinancing options. The study contributes empirical evidence to debates on monetary plurality and sustainable provisioning.

本文考察了法国可兑换本币（CLCs）能否实现较强的可持续性。根据一项全国调查（53个协会，431名专业人士，786名用户）和Eusko的一个案例研究，多变量分析表明，参与式治理——而不是地域范围——是生态选择的关键组织预测因素，包括供应商筛选和环境宪章的采用。定性证据表明，混合佣金和集体储备分配在日常实践中包含充分性标准。然而，强制性的一对一欧元可兑换性将当地货币供应与国家流动性周期联系起来，并限制了公共部门的使用，从而限制了总体影响。研究结果表明，CLCs可以促进以充足为导向的创新，其中辅助性与审议能力相匹配，但更广泛的系统性影响取决于扩大财政辅助性和绿色再融资选择的监管改革。该研究为货币多元化和可持续供给的争论提供了经验证据。

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引用次数: 0

Unravelling sustainable development at the sub-national scale in India 印度次国家层面的可持续发展

IF 5.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Development

Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101336

Nandini Garai, Ajishnu Roy, Kousik Pramanick

India's diverse socioeconomic landscape and environmental challenges make it a complex case for implementing the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Despite India's federal structure, comprehensive research on subnational SDG progress is lacking. Unlike earlier city-, district-, and indicator-specific studies, this study uniquely presents the first comprehensive evaluation of subnational SDG implementation in India by analysing progress, challenges, interlinkages, and spatial disparities in individual and grouped SDGs (environmental, social, and economic) across 37 Indian states and union territories (UTs). Our innovative multi-method approach, combining correlation analysis, data envelopment analysis, hierarchical clustering, and inequality metrics, examines 112 indicators (2018–2020) to provide temporal insights rather than static snapshots. We found significant variations in SDG performance across India, with southern and northern states generally outperforming central and eastern states. Inequality showed decreasing trends in most SDG groups, indicating progress towards a more equitable distribution of SDG achievements. This study uniquely assesses the efficiency of converting environmental resources into socioeconomic outcomes at the subnational level, identifying benchmark states, and best practices. Based on our empirical findings, we propose tailored context-specific policy recommendations that integrate environmental, social and economic priorities. Promoting inter-state collaboration, strengthening institutions, and data-driven decision-making are crucial for accelerating India's progress towards ambitious SDGs.

印度多样化的社会经济格局和环境挑战使其成为实施联合国可持续发展目标（SDGs）的复杂案例。尽管印度是联邦制，但缺乏对次国家可持续发展目标进展的全面研究。与之前针对城市、地区和指标的研究不同，本研究通过分析印度37个邦和联邦属地的个别和分组可持续发展目标（环境、社会和经济）的进展、挑战、相互联系和空间差异，首次对印度次国家层面的可持续发展目标实施情况进行了独特的全面评估。我们创新的多方法方法，结合了相关分析、数据包络分析、层次聚类和不平等指标，研究了112个指标（2018-2020），以提供时间洞察力，而不是静态快照。我们发现印度各地的可持续发展目标表现存在显著差异，南部和北部邦的表现普遍优于中部和东部邦。在大多数可持续发展目标群体中，不平等现象呈下降趋势，表明在更公平地分配可持续发展目标成就方面取得了进展。本研究独特地评估了在次国家层面将环境资源转化为社会经济成果的效率，确定了基准州和最佳实践。根据我们的实证研究结果，我们提出了结合环境、社会和经济优先事项的针对性政策建议。促进邦间合作、加强机构和数据驱动决策对于加快印度实现雄心勃勃的可持续发展目标至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of sustainable pesticide use at the rubber plantation in Pahang, Malaysia 马来西亚彭亨橡胶种植园可持续农药使用的知识、态度和实践（KAP）

IF 5.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Development

Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101334

Aina Nursyafina Abdul Rashid, Azlan Abas, Mohamad Xazaquan Mansor Ali

The improper use of pesticides triggers environmental degradation and affects human health. Therefore, it is crucial for rubber smallholders to implement pesticide management in accordance with sustainable practices. Information related to the knowledge, attitude, and practice of pesticide use among rubber smallholders is important to minimize potential negative effects. A quantitative study was conducted on 369 rubber smallholders with the aim of measuring the level of knowledge, attitudes, and sustainable pesticide use practices, and to analyze the relationship between sociodemographic factors, knowledge factors, and attitudes towards sustainable pesticide practices among rubber smallholders. Descriptive analysis showed that the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices of rubber smallholders towards the use of pesticides was at a moderate level. The results of the inference analysis and modelling showed a strong relationship between rubber smallholders’ practices and their level of knowledge and attitude. However, there is a very weak relationship between gender and total plantation area. This indicates that sustainable pesticide usage practices among rubber smallholders can still be improved through various suitable alternatives, such as early intervention, comprehensive intensive training, strengthening regulatory enforcement, and stricter pesticide control. Cooperation between various parties, including governmental and non-governmental organizations, is crucial. Hence, this study could act as a foundation for a more focused and effective alternative formation strategy to transform the mentality of rubber smallholders to the sustainable use of pesticides.

农药使用不当引发环境退化，影响人类健康。因此，橡胶小农根据可持续做法实施农药管理至关重要。与橡胶小农使用农药的知识、态度和做法有关的信息对于尽量减少潜在的负面影响非常重要。通过对369名橡胶小农的知识、态度和可持续农药使用行为进行定量研究，分析橡胶小农的社会人口学因素、知识因素和可持续农药使用行为态度之间的关系。描述性分析表明，橡胶小农对农药使用的知识、态度和做法水平处于中等水平。推理分析和建模的结果表明，橡胶小农的做法与他们的知识水平和态度之间存在很强的关系。然而，性别与人工林总面积之间的关系非常弱。这表明，通过早期干预、综合强化培训、加强监管执法和更严格的农药控制等各种合适的替代方法，橡胶小农的可持续农药使用实践仍然可以得到改善。包括政府组织和非政府组织在内的各方之间的合作至关重要。因此，这项研究可以作为一个更有针对性和有效的替代形成战略的基础，以改变橡胶小农的心态，使其可持续使用农药。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment and mapping environmental carrying capacity under urbanization stress in Fars Province using fuzzy logic modeling: A comparison between entropy and AHP fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method 基于模糊逻辑模型的法尔斯省城市化压力下环境承载力评价与制图：熵模糊综合评价法与层次分析法的比较

IF 5.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Development

Pub Date : 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.envdev.2025.101321

Mehrdad Moradi , Azar Sheikhzeinoddin , Mansour Zibaei , Hamid Reza Pourghasemi

The synergistic effects of economic growth, development, and a rapidly increasing population have significantly increased the demand for energy and food, leading to greater utilization of resources and environmental consequences. Therefore, policymakers must assess environmental sustainability and its impact on sustainable development. The present study aims to quantify and analyze the environmental carrying capacity of the Fars Province in Iran through the application of a comprehensive fuzzy methodology. The results reveal distinct patterns of environmental and economic capacity across different counties. In Shiraz, the carrying capacity, determined through a combined weighting system, was found to be significantly low, mainly because of the high population pressure and urbanization. Approximately 70 % of the province's land area is characterized by medium to low environmental carrying capacity, particularly in southern and central urban regions. Moreover, a model focusing on the degree of obstacles was applied to examine the relationship between environmental quality and the various factors that influence it. The research outcomes emphasize that the quality of habitats and the level of vegetation coverage are the principal factors that limit the province's carrying capacity, with the frequency of obstacles recorded at over 85 %. This underscores the importance of targeted intervention. Thus, counties in critical conditions should prioritize investments in these aspects to enhance their environmental quality and subsequently move towards developmental efforts.

经济增长、发展和人口迅速增长的协同作用大大增加了对能源和粮食的需求，导致更多地利用资源和环境后果。因此，决策者必须评估环境可持续性及其对可持续发展的影响。本研究旨在运用综合模糊方法，对伊朗法尔斯省的环境承载力进行量化分析。结果表明，不同县域的环境和经济能力存在明显差异。在设拉子，通过联合加权系统确定的承载能力明显较低，主要是由于高人口压力和城市化。该省约70%的土地面积具有中低环境承载力的特点，特别是在南部和中部城市地区。此外，还采用了一个以障碍程度为重点的模型来研究环境质量与影响环境质量的各种因素之间的关系。研究结果强调，生境质量和植被覆盖水平是限制我省承载力的主要因素，障碍物发生的频率在85%以上。这强调了有针对性干预的重要性。因此，处于危急状况的国家应优先考虑在这些方面的投资，以提高其环境质量，并随后转向发展努力。

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引用次数: 0