International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife最新文献

{"title":"First report of warble fly infestation in markhor, Capra falconeri","authors":"Ángeles Sáez-Ventura ,&nbsp;Gracia M. Liébanas ,&nbsp;Antonio Sánchez ,&nbsp;Ismoil Kholmatov ,&nbsp;Stéphane Ostrowski ,&nbsp;Jesús M. Pérez","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.101029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.101029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In December 2023, 35 third-instar larvae were collected from subcutaneous granulomatous cysts in a free-ranging markhor (<em>Capra falconeri</em>) hunted in the Dashtijum region of the Khazratishoh mountain range, Tajikistan. The larvae were identified as those of <em>Przhevalskiana silenus</em> (Diptera: Oestridae: Hypodermatinae). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an oestrid fly infestation in this host species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101029"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11696627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142933549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastric lesions associated with the infection of Anisakidae nematodes in a dwarf sperm whale Kogia sima (Owen, 1866) stranded in the north coast of Brazil","authors":"Gisele C.C. Seade ,&nbsp;David F. Conga ,&nbsp;Tiago S. Santos ,&nbsp;Marcio O. Moura ,&nbsp;Diana M. de Farias ,&nbsp;Lana O. Silva ,&nbsp;Alexandra F. Costa ,&nbsp;Tayanna M. Amaral ,&nbsp;Maura M. de Souza ,&nbsp;Renata Emin-Lima ,&nbsp;Alessandra Scofield ,&nbsp;Gabriela Riet-Correa ,&nbsp;Valíria D. Cerqueira ,&nbsp;Pedro S. Bezerra Júnior","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.101028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.101028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study aimed to describe gastric lesions associated with parasitism by different nematodes of the family Anisakidae in a stranded specimen of dwarf sperm whale (<em>Kogia sima</em>) on the northeast coast of the State of Pará, northern Brazil. Specimens of helminths and samples of stomach tissue were collected from a dwarf sperm whale, stranded on Humaitá beach, State of Pará, Brazil. Stomach showed areas of erosion and ulcers, with the mucosa covered by fibrinonecrotic material containing bacteria and inflammatory infiltrate predominantly comprising polymorphonuclear cells. Granulomas were also found in the submucosa, characterized by central areas of necrosis and hemorrhage, and cross sections of nematodes were observed. Fourth-stage larvae of the genus <em>Pseudoterranova</em>, two morphotypes of fourth-stage larvae of the genus <em>Anisakis</em> and adult specimens of <em>Skrjabinisakis paggiae</em> were morphologically identified. Molecular and phylogenetic analyzes confirmed the identity of the partial sequences of the cox2 mtDNA gene for adult specimens of <em>S. paggiae</em>. This study contributes to our understanding of the distribution of different of anisakids in <em>K. sima</em> and about the gastric lesions associated with these nematodes, in addition to expanding the knowledge about the occurrence of this aquatic mammal recorded for the first time in the northern region of Brazil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101028"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143101091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parasite-Driven host manipulation: The case of trematodes in Neotropical tadpoles","authors":"Paula Maria Rosa ,&nbsp;Murilo de Souza Queiroz ,&nbsp;Rodolfo Mei Pelinson ,&nbsp;Luciano A. Anjos ,&nbsp;Denise de Cerqueira Rossa-Feres","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.101023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.101023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parasites can impact tadpole survival in both lethal and sublethal ways. Sublethal effects include alterations in morphology and behavior, reduced competitive ability, and increased vulnerability to predation, while lethal effects result in direct mortality. These impacts can have significant consequences at both individual and population levels, especially given that amphibians host various parasites and pathogens, which may contribute to population declines. This study investigated the influence of digenetic trematodes, specifically <em>Lophosicyadiplostomum</em> sp. and Echinostomatidae metacercariae – larval stages found in second intermediate hosts, on the development and behavior of <em>Physalaemus cuvieri</em> tadpoles. Behavioral experiments assessed tadpole activity (time and movement number), water column use, and food consumption rates using video recordings and image analysis. Swimming performance was evaluated through predation simulations, and tadpole morphology (i.e. body size and mass) was measured post-experimentally. Infections by these digenetic trematodes resulted in a notable reduction in tadpole activity. A negative correlation was observed between <em>Lophosicyadiplostomum</em> sp. parasite load and both tadpole activity duration and movement frequency, indicating a common response to trematode infection. This study underscores the need for further research on digenetic trematodes to determine whether these behavioral modifications represent host manipulation by the parasites, potentially optimizing their transmission to the final host.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101023"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Description of a new species of Icosta Speiser , 1905 (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) from Southern Vietnam with the updated key to the subgenus Icosta","authors":"Aleksandra Yatsuk ,&nbsp;Emilia Nartshuk ,&nbsp;Andrey Bushuev ,&nbsp;Anvar Kerimov ,&nbsp;Nguyễn Văn Linh ,&nbsp;Oleg Tolstenkov ,&nbsp;Alexandr Matyukhin","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.101026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.101026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The family Hippoboscidae, commonly known as “louse flies,” comprises pupiparous Diptera that are ectoparasites of birds and mammals, with significant impacts on their hosts and epidemiological importance. The louse fly fauna of Vietnam is relatively understudied compared to other countries in the Southeast Asia region. In this study, we describe a new species of the genus <em>Icosta</em> Speiser, 1905 (Diptera: Hippoboscidae), <em>Icosta korzuni</em> <strong>sp. n.</strong>, collected from the lesser coucal <em>Centropus bengalensis</em> (Gmelin, JF, 1788) in Cat Tien National Park, Vietnam. This new species is distinguished from other <em>Icosta</em> species by the morphology of laterite 3, wing length, arrangement of wing microtrichia, body coloration, and its geographical distribution. Additionally, we provide an updated key to the subgenus <em>Icosta</em> Speiser, 1905.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101026"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11652956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological vs. molecular identification of trematode species infecting the edible cockle Cerastoderma edule across Europe","authors":"Leslie Stout ,&nbsp;Guillemine Daffe ,&nbsp;Aurélie Chambouvet ,&nbsp;Simão Correia ,&nbsp;Sarah Culloty ,&nbsp;Rosa Freitas ,&nbsp;David Iglesias ,&nbsp;K. Thomas Jensen ,&nbsp;Sandra Joaquim ,&nbsp;Sharon Lynch ,&nbsp;Luisa Magalhães ,&nbsp;Kate Mahony ,&nbsp;Shelagh K. Malham ,&nbsp;Domitilia Matias ,&nbsp;Mélanie Rocroy ,&nbsp;David W. Thieltges ,&nbsp;Xavier de Montaudouin","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.101019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.101019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Identifying marine trematode parasites in host tissue can be complicated when there is limited morphological differentiation between species infecting the same host species. This poses a challenge for regular surveys of the parasite communities in species of socio-economic and ecological importance. Our study focused on identifying digenean trematode species infecting the marine bivalve <em>Cerastoderma edule</em> across Europe by comparing morphological and molecular species identification methods. Cockles were sampled from ten locations to observe the trematode parasites under a stereomicroscope (morphological identification) and to isolate individuals for phylogenetic analyses using two gene markers, the small sub-unit ribosomal (18S) RNA gene (SSU rDNA) and the mitochondrial cytochrome <em>c</em> oxidase subunit 1 (cox1). For the first time, we compared both morphological identification and phylogenetic analyses for each of the 13 originally identified species. First, we identified a group of five species for which morphological identification matched molecular results (<em>Bucephalus minimus</em>, <em>Monorchis parvus</em>, <em>Renicola parvicaudatus</em>, <em>Psilostomum brevicolle</em>, <em>Himasthla interrupta</em>). Second, we identified a group of six species for which molecular results revealed either misidentifications or cryptic diversity (<em>Gymnophallus choledochus</em>, <em>Diphterostomum brusinae</em>, <em>Curtuteria arguinae</em>, <em>Himasthla quissetensis</em>, <em>H. elongata</em>, <em>H</em>. <em>continua</em>). Third, our analyses showed that all sequences of two expected species, <em>Gymnophallus minutus</em> and <em>G. fossarum</em>, matched between the two, strongly suggesting that only <em>G. minutus</em> is present in the studied area. Our study clearly demonstrates that molecular tools are necessary to validate the trematode species composition. However, with 17 distinct genetic lineages detected, some of which are not fully identified, future studies are needed to clarify the identity and status (regular <em>vs.</em> accidental infection) of some of these cryptic trematode species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101019"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver fluke and schistosome cross-infection risk between livestock and wild mammals in Western Uganda, a One Health approach","authors":"Daisy Namirembe ,&nbsp;Tine Huyse ,&nbsp;Rapheal Wangalwa ,&nbsp;Julius Tumusiime ,&nbsp;Casim Umba Tolo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.101022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.101022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trematodiases strongly reduce the welfare of humans and animals causing a great decline in health and productivity. Insufficient data on the extent of trematode infection in definitive hosts and associated risk factors remain a great threat to its control. A cross-sectional study was conducted to establish the; prevalence of liver flukes and schistosomes in livestock and wild mammals and the socio-ecological risk factors associated with their spread. Fresh dung samples were collected opportunistically (n = 865) and examined using formal ether sedimentation and microscopy for parasite eggs. Twelve abattoir visits were conducted to examine the livers of animals killed for mature flukes. Key informants (n = 110) including farmers, butchers, game rangers, and herders were interviewed to document the socio-ecological risk factors. In the abattoirs, 57.1%(CI 0.422–0.712) of cattle were infected with <em>Fasciola</em> flukes and not sheep and goats. Cattle dung had the highest prevalence (56% CI 0.518–0.604) of <em>Fasciola</em> eggs, followed by sheep (50%, CI 0.319–0.681) and goats (28.2%, CI 0.218–0.353). Among wild mammals, hippos' dung (66%; 95% CI 0.53–0.777) had the highest prevalence of <em>Fasciola</em> followed by warthogs (8%; 95% CI 0.002–0.385) and baboons (6.7%; CI 0.002–0.319). No <em>Fasciola</em> eggs were observed in elephant dung (n = 21) and monkeys (n = 2). <em>Schistosoma bovis</em> was found in cattle dung from Mpeefu (2.6%; 95% CI 0.007–0.066) and Ndaiga (4.3%; 95% CI 0.022–0.075) while <em>S. mattheei</em> in goats’ (1.4%; 95% CI 0.00–0.075) and cattle (0.39%; 95% CI 0.00–0.021) dung samples from Ndaiga. Key informants had moderate knowledge of fasciolosis (62.7%), highest among butchers (89.7%), and lowest among herders (31.8%). Only veterinary officers knew about schistosomiasis in animals. Free-range grazing and unsafe water sources for livestock, shared with wild animals, were the risky practices by most farmers (66–100%). <em>Fasciola</em> was prevalent in livestock and wild mammals, while <em>Schistosoma</em> in cattle and goats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101022"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invasive Fascioloides magna infections impact gut microbiota in a definitive host in Europe","authors":"Ramona Fleischer ,&nbsp;Marc Velling ,&nbsp;Wibke Peters ,&nbsp;Tomáš Peterka ,&nbsp;Frederik Franke ,&nbsp;Pavla Jůnková Vymyslická ,&nbsp;Steffen Rehbein ,&nbsp;Marco Heurich ,&nbsp;Simone Sommer","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.101024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.101024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Invasive parasites that expand their natural range can be a threat to wildlife biodiversity and may pose a health risk to non-adapted, naive host species. The invasive giant liver fluke, <em>Fascioloides magna</em>, native to North America, has extended its range in Europe and uses mainly red deer (<em>Cervus elaphus</em>) as definitive hosts. The penetration of the intestinal barrier by the young flukes to reach the liver via the abdominal cavity as well as the release of fluke metabolism products and excreta with the bile and/or changes in the microbial community of the biliary system may enable the translocation of intestinal bacteria across the intestinal barrier and, in turn, could be associated with inflammation and changes in the intestinal bacterial community. The gut commensal community plays a key role in host nutrition and interacts with cells of the immune system to maintain host health. For this study, the gut bacterial community of red deer infected with <em>F. magna</em> and of non-infected red deer from one of the largest forest ecosystems in Central Europe, located on the border between the Czech Republic and Germany, was investigated. The individual fluke burden was associated with changes in the gut microbial composition of the gut of infected individuals, whereas the diversity and composition of the gut bacteria were only slightly different between fluke-infected and uninfected deer. Several bacterial taxa at the genus level were unique to individuals carrying either one or many liver flukes. Our results suggest that the microbiota of red deer is stable to perturbation by low numbers of <em>F. magna</em>. However, a larger parasite burden may cause changes in the gut microbial composition in definitive hosts implying that non-invasive fecal microbiome assessments could serve as indicator for wildlife health monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101024"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Species description and molecular analysis of a hard tick (Amblyomma cordiferum) parasitizing wild Taiwan cobra snake (Naja atra) in southern Taiwan","authors":"Li-Lian Chao ,&nbsp;Tien-Hsi Chen ,&nbsp;Esmeralda Erazo ,&nbsp;Chien-Ming Shih","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.101025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.101025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Species description based on the pictorial keys of morphological characters of female <em>Amblyomma cordiferum</em> tick parasitizing wild Taiwan cobra snake (<em>Naja atra</em>) was firstly described in Taiwan. Molecular analysis based on the 16S mitochondrial gene sequences was performed by comparing eight <em>A. cordiferum</em> ticks from Taiwan with other <em>Amblyomma</em> species documented in GenBank. In addition, two <em>Dermacentor</em> and two <em>Rhipicephalus</em> species were used as outgroups. All these Taiwan specimens constructing a monophyletic group which is genetically affiliated with <em>A. cordiferum</em> and it can be discriminated from other <em>Amblyomma</em> species. This study provides the first species description and determines the genetic identity of adult <em>A. cordiferum</em> ticks parasitizing wild Taiwan cobra snake. Further investigations focused on its ability to carry various tick-borne pathogens will help to illustrate the medical importance on human health in Taiwan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101025"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11721908/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cestodes in Eurasian wolves (Canis lupus lupus) and domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) in Switzerland","authors":"Anna Schneider ,&nbsp;Gastón Moré ,&nbsp;Mirjam Pewsner ,&nbsp;Caroline F. Frey ,&nbsp;Walter Basso","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.101027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.101027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Eurasian wolves (<em>Canis lupus lupus</em>) and domestic dogs (<em>Canis lupus familiaris</em>) are definitive hosts of numerous cestode species. While infections with adult stages in canids are usually subclinical, some species pose a zoonotic risk or cause infections in wildlife and livestock, resulting in disease and/or economic losses. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, species composition, and geographical distribution of cestode infections in dogs and free-ranging wolves in Switzerland. Faecal samples from 2065 dogs and intestinal content from 121 necropsied wolves were macroscopically examined and tested using zinc chloride flotation method. When cestode eggs or adult cestodes were detected, a molecular identification based on multiplex-PCR and sequencing was performed. In the sampled wolves, the prevalence by flotation (42/121; 34.7%) was lower than the overall prevalence including macroscopic examination (76/121; 62.8%). The flotation method thus failed to detect cestode infections in 44.7% (34/76) of infected wolves. The most frequently detected species was <em>Taenia hydatigena</em> (46/121; 38.0%), followed by <em>Taenia serialis</em> (23/121; 19.0%), <em>Mesocestoides</em> spp. (3/121; 2.5%), <em>Taenia ovis</em> (1/121; 0.8%), and <em>Echinococcus multilocularis</em> (1/121; 0.8%). In the analysed dogs, the prevalence was 0.9% (19/2065), but the real prevalence is very likely to be higher, as no necropsy data were available. Identified cestode species included <em>Taenia crassiceps</em> (6/2065; 0.3%), <em>E. multilocularis</em> (3/2065; 0.1%), <em>Mesocestoides</em> sp. (2/2065; 0.1%), <em>Taenia polyacantha</em> (1/2065; 0.05%), and <em>Dibothriocephalus latus</em> (1/2065; 0.05%). By identifying the cestode species infecting two closely related host species with markedly different lifestyles, this study sheds light on the local distribution of these parasites and their potential impacts on wildlife, livestock, and human health. Due to their close contact with humans, infected dogs represent an important source of infection with zoonotic cestodes such as <em>Echinococcus</em> spp. and certain <em>Taenia</em> species, responsible for serious human diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101027"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11719854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redefining infections with trypanosomatids in Neotropical primates: Case study of the white-footed tamarin (Oedipomidas leucopus)","authors":"Juliana Tabares-Medina ,&nbsp;Katherinne García-Blandón ,&nbsp;Gisela M. García-Montoya ,&nbsp;Iván Darío Soto-Calderón","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.101021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.101021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trypanosomes are blood parasites capable of infecting nearly any vertebrate. Many Neotropical primates frequently host trypanosomes and are considered potential reservoirs for <em>Trypanosoma cruzi</em> and other human-pathogenic trypanosomatids. However, diagnostic methods originally developed for detecting these trypanosomatids in humans and domestic species must be validated to reliably diagnose infections in non-human primates. Without such validation, taxonomic biases and incorrect assignments of wildlife reservoirs can occur. The white-footed tamarin (<em>Oedipomidas leucopus</em>), a primate endemic to northwestern Colombia, is classified by the World Health Organization as a reservoir of <em>T. cruzi</em>. However, this classification is based on studies with small sample sizes, ambiguous diagnostic methods, and questionable geographic records. In this study, the 18S ribosomal RNA gene was amplified via PCR and sequenced to estimate trypanosome infection rates and identify species in natural populations of <em>O. leucopus</em> across a wide geographic range, as well as in (<em>ex situ</em>) specimens. This molecular approach was also compared with traditional microscopy diagnosis using blood smears. The molecular diagnosis revealed that over 60% of the tested specimens were infected, whereas traditional microscopy resulted in 58% false negatives compared to the molecular method. A Bayesian phylogeny of the 18S gene identified <em>T. minasense</em> as the sole trypanosomatid species present in <em>O. leucopus</em>, with no detections of <em>T. cruzi</em> or other trypanosomatids of concern to human or domestic animal health. This study highlights the risk of overestimating the presence of human-infecting trypanosomes, such as <em>T. cruzi</em>, in tamarins and other vertebrates, and underscores the importance of validating diagnostic methods to accurately assess the zoonotic potential of wild species. Accurate identification of wildlife reservoirs is essential for understanding parasite life cycles and implementing effective management and conservation strategies for primates and other potential reservoirs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101021"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142697224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}