Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t最新文献

英文中文

Phase stability and enhanced mechanical properties of nanocrystalline PVD CrCu coatings

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.020

Michael Burtscher , Christina Kainz , Paola Dorner , Simon Fellner , Velislava Terziyska , Markus Alfreider , Daniel Kiener

The current work investigates the possibility of strengthening grain boundaries by nanoprecipitates using a CrCu coating model system. To this end, two compositions with 30 and 40 at.% of Cu and a balanced amount of Cr were synthesized via physical vapor deposition. The coatings exhibited a thickness of 1.8 μm and a Cr-based solid solution was determined for both systems in the as-deposited state. The precipitation of Cu upon annealing was determined via high-temperature X-ray diffraction analysis. Furthermore, nanoindentation measurements on heat-treated specimens showed a peak hardness and Young's modulus after 400 °C annealing for both coatings. Heating experiments in the transmission electron microscope verified the related formation of nano-scaled Cu precipitates. The conditional fracture toughness and resulting J-Integral were determined for the as-deposited and selected heat-treated states utilizing micromechanical notched cantilever experiments. The annihilation of microstructural defects and the precipitation of nm-sized Cu precipitates within and along the columnar Cr are regarded as the primary strengthening mechanisms. This statement is verified by the appearance of the individual fracture surfaces and proves that tailored precipitation of nm-sized Cu particles is a viable strategy to effectively boost the fracture mechanical properties of physical vapor-deposited CrCu alloys.

{"title":"Phase stability and enhanced mechanical properties of nanocrystalline PVD CrCu coatings","authors":"Michael Burtscher , Christina Kainz , Paola Dorner , Simon Fellner , Velislava Terziyska , Markus Alfreider , Daniel Kiener","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current work investigates the possibility of strengthening grain boundaries by nanoprecipitates using a CrCu coating model system. To this end, two compositions with 30 and 40 at.% of Cu and a balanced amount of Cr were synthesized via physical vapor deposition. The coatings exhibited a thickness of 1.8 μm and a Cr-based solid solution was determined for both systems in the as-deposited state. The precipitation of Cu upon annealing was determined via high-temperature X-ray diffraction analysis. Furthermore, nanoindentation measurements on heat-treated specimens showed a peak hardness and Young's modulus after 400 °C annealing for both coatings. Heating experiments in the transmission electron microscope verified the related formation of nano-scaled Cu precipitates. The conditional fracture toughness and resulting <em>J-</em>Integral were determined for the as-deposited and selected heat-treated states utilizing micromechanical notched cantilever experiments. The annihilation of microstructural defects and the precipitation of nm-sized Cu precipitates within and along the columnar Cr are regarded as the primary strengthening mechanisms. This statement is verified by the appearance of the individual fracture surfaces and proves that tailored precipitation of nm-sized Cu particles is a viable strategy to effectively boost the fracture mechanical properties of physical vapor-deposited CrCu alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t","volume":"35 ","pages":"Pages 369-378"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143171364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing mechanical and biological properties of 3D-printed polylactic acid scaffolds by graphitic carbon nitride addition for bone tissue engineering

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.046

Alborz Bakhtiari , Hamid Reza Madaah Hosseini , Reza Alizadeh , Mohsen Mohammadi , Masoud Zarei

The practical application of biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) scaffolds in bone tissue engineering necessitates further enhancements in mechanical properties, cell adhesion, cell viability, hydrophilicity, and degradation rate. Accordingly, this study investigates the effect of incorporating 1 wt% of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) nanosheets on different properties of PLA scaffolds fabricated via fused deposition modeling. Results obtained from differential scanning calorimetry revealed that the crystallinity increased moderately from 1.90 to 2.70% with the addition of g-C₃N₄. Also, incorporating g-C₃N₄ into the PLA matrix significantly reduced the water contact angle of pure PLA from 82.54° to 54.65°, reflecting a transition from a hydrophobic to a hydrophilic surface, enhancing the wettability of the scaffolds, which is crucial for improved cell interaction. Weight loss measurements after 35 days of immersion in the phosphate-buffered saline solution demonstrated that the degradation rate of PLA scaffolds was increased from about 1% to 3.5% after g-C₃N₄ incorporation. Moreover, cell adhesion and viability were significantly improved in the composite scaffolds. Mechanical evaluations indicated that the elastic modulus and compressive strength increased dramatically from 174 to 15 MPa for pure PLA to 435 and 33 MPa for the PLA/g-C₃N₄ composite, respectively. In summary, these results suggest that the incorporation of g-C₃N₄ into PLA scaffolds enhances their mechanical and biological performance, making them excellent candidates for possible use in bone tissue engineering applications.

{"title":"Enhancing mechanical and biological properties of 3D-printed polylactic acid scaffolds by graphitic carbon nitride addition for bone tissue engineering","authors":"Alborz Bakhtiari , Hamid Reza Madaah Hosseini , Reza Alizadeh , Mohsen Mohammadi , Masoud Zarei","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The practical application of biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) scaffolds in bone tissue engineering necessitates further enhancements in mechanical properties, cell adhesion, cell viability, hydrophilicity, and degradation rate. Accordingly, this study investigates the effect of incorporating 1 wt% of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>) nanosheets on different properties of PLA scaffolds fabricated via fused deposition modeling. Results obtained from differential scanning calorimetry revealed that the crystallinity increased moderately from 1.90 to 2.70% with the addition of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>. Also, incorporating g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> into the PLA matrix significantly reduced the water contact angle of pure PLA from 82.54° to 54.65°, reflecting a transition from a hydrophobic to a hydrophilic surface, enhancing the wettability of the scaffolds, which is crucial for improved cell interaction. Weight loss measurements after 35 days of immersion in the phosphate-buffered saline solution demonstrated that the degradation rate of PLA scaffolds was increased from about 1% to 3.5% after g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> incorporation. Moreover, cell adhesion and viability were significantly improved in the composite scaffolds. Mechanical evaluations indicated that the elastic modulus and compressive strength increased dramatically from 174 to 15 MPa for pure PLA to 435 and 33 MPa for the PLA/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> composite, respectively. In summary, these results suggest that the incorporation of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> into PLA scaffolds enhances their mechanical and biological performance, making them excellent candidates for possible use in bone tissue engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t","volume":"35 ","pages":"Pages 308-316"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143104342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Test setup for analyzing the electrical resistance during fatigue loading for metastable austenite AISI 304L and its diffusion-brazed joints

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.052

Lukas M. Sauer , Johannes L. Otto , Jonas A. Ziman , Peter Starke , Frank Walther

The measurement of the electrical resistance of specimens based on the established direct current potential drop (DCPD) method is a widely utilized methodology for the detection of damage mechanisms in the field of crack initiation and propagation and change in microstructural details. These include, e.g., dislocation density, void volume fraction, and micro- and macro-cracks. Given the necessity to consider additional factors influencing the electrical resistance, e.g., specimen geometry and temperature, ex-situ measurement techniques are frequently employed through interruption of fatigue testing. However, ex-situ investigations may result in unintended influences, such as changes in contacting, and analyze only discrete states limiting the characterization possibilities and result interpretation. Accordingly, in-situ electrical resistance measurements were employed in this study to characterize the microstructural changes during fatigue with cyclic creeping. To quantify and compensate the effects of geometry, temperature, and deformation-induced austenite-martensite transformation on the electrical resistance during fatigue loading, a complex experimental setup was developed which includes several measurement systems. The combination of strain measurement and potential drop enables a direct transfer of measured strain to electrical resistance. The method was applied and evaluated on high-temperature diffusion-brazed joints with a metastable austenite as base material and Ni-based filler metal. Finally, the change in microstructure was evaluated through electron channeling contrast imaging (ECCI) analyses at different load cycles.

{"title":"Test setup for analyzing the electrical resistance during fatigue loading for metastable austenite AISI 304L and its diffusion-brazed joints","authors":"Lukas M. Sauer , Johannes L. Otto , Jonas A. Ziman , Peter Starke , Frank Walther","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The measurement of the electrical resistance of specimens based on the established direct current potential drop (DCPD) method is a widely utilized methodology for the detection of damage mechanisms in the field of crack initiation and propagation and change in microstructural details. These include, e.g., dislocation density, void volume fraction, and micro- and macro-cracks. Given the necessity to consider additional factors influencing the electrical resistance, e.g., specimen geometry and temperature, ex-situ measurement techniques are frequently employed through interruption of fatigue testing. However, ex-situ investigations may result in unintended influences, such as changes in contacting, and analyze only discrete states limiting the characterization possibilities and result interpretation. Accordingly, in-situ electrical resistance measurements were employed in this study to characterize the microstructural changes during fatigue with cyclic creeping. To quantify and compensate the effects of geometry, temperature, and deformation-induced austenite-martensite transformation on the electrical resistance during fatigue loading, a complex experimental setup was developed which includes several measurement systems. The combination of strain measurement and potential drop enables a direct transfer of measured strain to electrical resistance. The method was applied and evaluated on high-temperature diffusion-brazed joints with a metastable austenite as base material and Ni-based filler metal. Finally, the change in microstructure was evaluated through electron channeling contrast imaging (ECCI) analyses at different load cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t","volume":"35 ","pages":"Pages 535-544"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143104285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microstructure evolution and performance effect of composite carbide (W,Ti)C enhanced Ni-based coatings fabricated by laser cladding

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.047

Yang Zhao , Wenqing Shi , Jiang Huang

Composite carbides (W,Ti)C enhanced Ni-based coatings were fabricated by laser cladding on 316L stainless steel. The impact of composite carbides (W,Ti)C enhanced on Ni-based composite coatings' microstructure, wear and corrosion behavior are largely explored. The results show that the breaking down of composite phase (W,Ti)C speed up the production of MC and M₂₃C₆ and makes the distribution denser to improve wear-resisting properties. The particle sizes of W + TiC/Ni-based composite coatings are increasingly refined, and the crystal structure transitions from columnar dendrites, isometric, cellular, and eutectic to the eutectic organization. According to the results of friction and wear property tests, the friction coefficient and wear of W + TiC/Ni-based coatings gradually decreased with the increase of the mass fraction of W + TiC, and according to the friction and wear morphology. The generation of plastic deformation was hindered with MC and M₂₃C₆ composite carbides. Based on the results of electrochemical experiments, it can be seen that the corrosion resistance behaviour in sulfur-containing chloride environments gradually deteriorates as the mass fraction of W + TiC increases. In contrast, the corrosion resistance behaviour in chloride environments first deteriorates and then improves, suggesting that the corrosion resistance of MC and M₂₃C₆ composite carbides to sulfur-containing environments will deteriorate.

{"title":"Microstructure evolution and performance effect of composite carbide (W,Ti)C enhanced Ni-based coatings fabricated by laser cladding","authors":"Yang Zhao , Wenqing Shi , Jiang Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Composite carbides (W,Ti)C enhanced Ni-based coatings were fabricated by laser cladding on 316L stainless steel. The impact of composite carbides (W,Ti)C enhanced on Ni-based composite coatings' microstructure, wear and corrosion behavior are largely explored. The results show that the breaking down of composite phase (W,Ti)C speed up the production of MC and M<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> and makes the distribution denser to improve wear-resisting properties. The particle sizes of W + TiC/Ni-based composite coatings are increasingly refined, and the crystal structure transitions from columnar dendrites, isometric, cellular, and eutectic to the eutectic organization. According to the results of friction and wear property tests, the friction coefficient and wear of W + TiC/Ni-based coatings gradually decreased with the increase of the mass fraction of W + TiC, and according to the friction and wear morphology. The generation of plastic deformation was hindered with MC and M<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> composite carbides. Based on the results of electrochemical experiments, it can be seen that the corrosion resistance behaviour in sulfur-containing chloride environments gradually deteriorates as the mass fraction of W + TiC increases. In contrast, the corrosion resistance behaviour in chloride environments first deteriorates and then improves, suggesting that the corrosion resistance of MC and M<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> composite carbides to sulfur-containing environments will deteriorate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t","volume":"35 ","pages":"Pages 298-307"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143104341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Surface integrity and fatigue properties of Ti–6Al–4V alloy under the ultrasonic surface rolling process excited strain rate effect

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.024

Xuming Zha , Hao Qin , Zhi Yuan , Linqing Xi , Xiao Chen , Yi Li , Qingshan Jiang , Zhilong Xu , Feng Jiang

Ultrasonic surface rolling process is a novel surface enhancement technique that significantly influences the surface integrity and fatigue performance of titanium alloys. In this study, the ultrasonic impact strengthening mechanism was researched by single-point ultrasonic impact strengthening experiment and verified in ultrasonic surface rolling process under actual working conditions. The effects of different ultrasonic impact amplitudes on the deformation strain rate, surface morphology, microstructure, hardness field and residual compressive stress field of Ti–6Al–4V workpieces after USRP were investigated. In the process of single point ultrasonic impact, the impact kinetic energy applied to the workpiece surface is positively correlated with the ultrasonic amplitude, and this could lead to a high strain rate plastic deformation of the material surface. After USRP treatment, the hardness distribution of the workpiece in the depth direction shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing until it reaches the hardness level of the substrate. Compared with the deeper layer deformed region, the number of low-angle grain boundaries (LAGB) was larger at the surface layer of workpiece, which indicates that the degree of grain refinement is significantly improved. The fatigue failure mechanisms and the characteristics of fatigue crack initiation and propagation were studied. Under the condition of ultrasonic amplitude of 4 μm, the fatigue life of Ti–6Al–4V workpiece after USRP could reach about 7,529,116 cycles. This study could provide effective guidance for the mechanisms of ultrasonic impact strengthening and the selection of appropriate ultrasonic impact parameters for titanium alloy workpiece.

{"title":"Surface integrity and fatigue properties of Ti–6Al–4V alloy under the ultrasonic surface rolling process excited strain rate effect","authors":"Xuming Zha , Hao Qin , Zhi Yuan , Linqing Xi , Xiao Chen , Yi Li , Qingshan Jiang , Zhilong Xu , Feng Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrasonic surface rolling process is a novel surface enhancement technique that significantly influences the surface integrity and fatigue performance of titanium alloys. In this study, the ultrasonic impact strengthening mechanism was researched by single-point ultrasonic impact strengthening experiment and verified in ultrasonic surface rolling process under actual working conditions. The effects of different ultrasonic impact amplitudes on the deformation strain rate, surface morphology, microstructure, hardness field and residual compressive stress field of Ti–6Al–4V workpieces after USRP were investigated. In the process of single point ultrasonic impact, the impact kinetic energy applied to the workpiece surface is positively correlated with the ultrasonic amplitude, and this could lead to a high strain rate plastic deformation of the material surface. After USRP treatment, the hardness distribution of the workpiece in the depth direction shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing until it reaches the hardness level of the substrate. Compared with the deeper layer deformed region, the number of low-angle grain boundaries (LAGB) was larger at the surface layer of workpiece, which indicates that the degree of grain refinement is significantly improved. The fatigue failure mechanisms and the characteristics of fatigue crack initiation and propagation were studied. Under the condition of ultrasonic amplitude of 4 μm, the fatigue life of Ti–6Al–4V workpiece after USRP could reach about 7,529,116 cycles. This study could provide effective guidance for the mechanisms of ultrasonic impact strengthening and the selection of appropriate ultrasonic impact parameters for titanium alloy workpiece.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t","volume":"35 ","pages":"Pages 416-434"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143171366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strengthening nanostructured metals through dynamic recovery

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.053

Amanda P. Carvalho , Aoyan Liang , Megumi Kawasaki , Livia Cupertino-Malheiros , Paulo S. Branicio , Roberto B. Figueiredo

Recovery plays distinct roles in nanostructured and coarse-grained metallic materials. While static and dynamic recovery usually soften work-hardened, coarse-grained materials, static recovery has been shown to strengthen nanostructured metals. This study extends this understanding by demonstrating that dynamic recovery can also strengthen nanostructured metals under deformation. Tensile, creep, and plane strain compression tests on nanostructured aluminum reveal a trend of increasing strain-hardening with decreasing strain rate and increasing temperature. Molecular dynamics simulations further indicate that sudden strain rate reductions lead to an initial drop in flow stress, followed by strain hardening. These findings suggest that dynamic recovery could serve as an effective strengthening mechanism for nanostructured metals, offering improvements in uniform elongation.

引用次数: 0

Low-temperature tribological properties of Si3N4 ceramic composites incorporating nano/microscale graphene and Si3N4 whisker

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.051

Fei Chen , Xiaobo Sun , Bin Fang , Ke Yan , Bei Yan

Si₃N₄ ceramic bearings have demonstrated significant potential in augmenting the performance of liquid rockets. However, the operational conditions, including reciprocating use, ultra-high-speeds, and high-load impacts, impose more stringent requirements on their self-lubricating performance. Consequently, the cryogenic tribological properties of Si₃N₄ ceramic composites with hybrid of multilayer graphene (MLG) and β-Si₃N₄ whisker (β-Si₃N_4w) were thoroughly investigated in this work. The enhanced interatomic binding energy and friction-induced thermal diffusion were identified as contributing factors to the improved low-temperature tribological properties of Si₃N₄ ceramic composites. At a temperature of 77 K, the friction coefficient of Si₃N₄ ceramic composites containing 1 wt% MLG and 3 wt% β-Si₃N_4w, synthesized via spark plasma sintering, dropped to 0.16–0.20, representing a decrease of 39.39–44.83% compared to that at ambient temperature. Microscopic analysis of the worn surfaces indicated that adhesive wear was the predominant wear form for Si₃N₄ ceramic composites under low-temperature conditions. The above research is anticipated to furnish essential insights for the cryogenic self-lubricating design of ceramic composites.

{"title":"Low-temperature tribological properties of Si3N4 ceramic composites incorporating nano/microscale graphene and Si3N4 whisker","authors":"Fei Chen , Xiaobo Sun , Bin Fang , Ke Yan , Bei Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> ceramic bearings have demonstrated significant potential in augmenting the performance of liquid rockets. However, the operational conditions, including reciprocating use, ultra-high-speeds, and high-load impacts, impose more stringent requirements on their self-lubricating performance. Consequently, the cryogenic tribological properties of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> ceramic composites with hybrid of multilayer graphene (MLG) and β-Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> whisker (β-Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4w</sub>) were thoroughly investigated in this work. The enhanced interatomic binding energy and friction-induced thermal diffusion were identified as contributing factors to the improved low-temperature tribological properties of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> ceramic composites. At a temperature of 77 K, the friction coefficient of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> ceramic composites containing 1 wt% MLG and 3 wt% β-Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4w</sub>, synthesized via spark plasma sintering, dropped to 0.16–0.20, representing a decrease of 39.39–44.83% compared to that at ambient temperature. Microscopic analysis of the worn surfaces indicated that adhesive wear was the predominant wear form for Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> ceramic composites under low-temperature conditions. The above research is anticipated to furnish essential insights for the cryogenic self-lubricating design of ceramic composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t","volume":"35 ","pages":"Pages 325-331"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143104340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of heat treatment on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of GH4099 fabricated by lase powder bed fusion

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.030

Yuanhong Qian , Liangxian Gu , Rong Chen , Haiou Yang , Zhiyong Li , Zhaowen Cui , Shuya Zhang

In this study, the effect of solution and aging heat treatments on the microstructure and mechanical properties of GH4099 superalloy fabricated lase powder bed fusion (L-PBF) was investigated.The microstructure of as-manufactured L-PBF-built GH4099 alloy has elongation grain with an average grain size of 33.8 μm and fine cellular dendrites with an average spacing of 400 nm along the building direction. The grain structure of L-PBF-built GH4099 alloy is relatively complex and the grain boundary morphology is irregular. The morphology factor of the grains in the as-built GH4099 alloy primarily ranges between 0.3 and 0.4, with a notable inverse relationship between grain size and morphology factor. The L-PBF-built GH4099 alloy underwent complete recrystallization recrystallization when the solution temperature is 1120 °C and the holding time is extended to 4 h. With an increase in the solution temperature, the time required for complete recrystallization decreases progressively. As epitaxial columnar crystals are progressively replaced by recrystallized grains, the correlation between grain size and morphology factor gradually diminishes. The selection of solution and aging treatment parameters is based on the established relationships between the minimum solution time, temperature, and recrystallization behavior as well as the aging time, temperature, and hardness. The hardness of the fully recrystallized sample reached 460HV after solution at 1140 °C for 2 h and aging at 800 °C for 6 h, while the non-fully recrystallized sample reached 470HV after solution at 1120 °C for 1 h and aging at 750 °C for 8 h.The optimal heat treatment system of L-PBF-built GH4099 alloy is solid solution at 1140 °C for 2h, then aging at 800 for 6h. Under the optimal heat treatment regime, the longitudinal and transverse specimens have yield strengths of 714 and 753 MPa, tensile strengths of 1197 and 1230 MPa, and elongations of 45.3% and 38.9%, respectively.

{"title":"Effect of heat treatment on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of GH4099 fabricated by lase powder bed fusion","authors":"Yuanhong Qian , Liangxian Gu , Rong Chen , Haiou Yang , Zhiyong Li , Zhaowen Cui , Shuya Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the effect of solution and aging heat treatments on the microstructure and mechanical properties of GH4099 superalloy fabricated lase powder bed fusion (L-PBF) was investigated.The microstructure of as-manufactured L-PBF-built GH4099 alloy has elongation grain with an average grain size of 33.8 μm and fine cellular dendrites with an average spacing of 400 nm along the building direction. The grain structure of L-PBF-built GH4099 alloy is relatively complex and the grain boundary morphology is irregular. The morphology factor of the grains in the as-built GH4099 alloy primarily ranges between 0.3 and 0.4, with a notable inverse relationship between grain size and morphology factor. The L-PBF-built GH4099 alloy underwent complete recrystallization recrystallization when the solution temperature is 1120 °C and the holding time is extended to 4 h. With an increase in the solution temperature, the time required for complete recrystallization decreases progressively. As epitaxial columnar crystals are progressively replaced by recrystallized grains, the correlation between grain size and morphology factor gradually diminishes. The selection of solution and aging treatment parameters is based on the established relationships between the minimum solution time, temperature, and recrystallization behavior as well as the aging time, temperature, and hardness. The hardness of the fully recrystallized sample reached 460HV after solution at 1140 °C for 2 h and aging at 800 °C for 6 h, while the non-fully recrystallized sample reached 470HV after solution at 1120 °C for 1 h and aging at 750 °C for 8 h.The optimal heat treatment system of L-PBF-built GH4099 alloy is solid solution at 1140 °C for 2h, then aging at 800 for 6h. Under the optimal heat treatment regime, the longitudinal and transverse specimens have yield strengths of 714 and 753 MPa, tensile strengths of 1197 and 1230 MPa, and elongations of 45.3% and 38.9%, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54332,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t","volume":"35 ","pages":"Pages 1126-1140"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143100066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of TiO2-doped MgO refractories with enhanced corrosion resistance for preparing high-purity nickel-based superalloys

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.039

Qingzhong Song , Xiangdong Zha , Junjie Shi , Ming Gao , Yingche Ma

MgO refractories extensively applied in melting nickel-based superalloys are limited by their poor thermal shock resistance and susceptibility to melt erosion. This study regulated the phase composition of MgO refractories by doping TiO₂ to improve their properties and corrosion resistance. It was found that TiO₂ is an effective dopant, addressing key limitations such as hard sintering, inadequate thermal shock resistance, and insufficient chemical stability. Firstly, the strong sintering ability of TiO₂ promoted the densification of MgO crucibles by generating a liquid phase composed of TiO₂–MgO–CaO–SiO₂, resulting in a significant reduction in open porosity from 12.62% to 9.76% at a doping level of 5 wt%. Moreover, TiO₂ alters the initial bonding phase from Ca₂SiO₄ into CaTiO₃, Mg₂SiO₄, and Mg₂TiO₄, enhancing thermal shock resistance by generating microcracks, lowering thermal expansion coefficient, and detaching the matrix/aggregate bonding. Notably, adding TiO₂ enhanced the corrosion resistance of MgO ceramic crucibles, reducing the total impurity content in the alloy from 0.0021 wt% to 0.0007 wt%. In summary, TiO₂-doped MgO crucibles demonstrated superior performance compared to pure MgO and MgAl₂O₄ crucibles.

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引用次数: 0

Microstructures and mechanical properties of novel 2.3 GPa secondary hardening steels with different Ni contents

IF 6.2 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Research and Technology-Jmr&t

Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.01.017

Wenhong Peng , Yichen Wu , Ruming Geng , Yuxian Cao , Shun Han , Yong Li , Chunxu Wang , Lijing Zheng

The development of ultra-high strength steels with balanced ductility and toughness is of significant industrial importance. In the present study, impact toughness, tensile properties, and microstructural evolution of high-Co-Ni secondary hardening steels were investigated by adding Ni from 13 to 15 wt%. Within a certain range, Ni effectively refines the grain size and the thickness of austenite films, facilitating the enrichment of Ni in nanoscale film reverted austenite, thereby enhancing the austenite stability and toughness in steels.At a Ni concentration of 14 wt%, the steel exhibits the most refined martensitic substructure and nanoscale film-like reverted austenite, enriched with Ni, along with the precipitation of a significant volume of nanoscale semi-coherent (Mo,Cr)₂C phases. This microstructural configuration yields an optimal synergy of strength and toughness, with an ultimate tensile strength reaching approximately 2.3 GPa and a Charpy impact energy of around 34 J. However, an increment in Ni content results in a higher volume fraction of Ni-enriched reverted austenite, which poses challenges to eliminate during low-temperature and aging processes, consequently reducing the steel's toughness. This comprehensive study provides a foundation for the design of ultra-high-strength alloys with tailored strength and toughness, highlighting the pivotal role of Ni in achieving this balance.

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