Abstract Coal and biomass are important feedstocks for carbon energy from thermochemical conversion process. Fully understanding the analytical technology that characterizes the changes in physicochemical properties and structural characteristics of coal and biomass during the thermochemical reactions is a key prerequisite for the realization of appropriate utilization of energy fuels. Modern in-situ process analysis technology can accomplish the in-situ detection of the experimental process, and therefore reflect the experimental process more accurately. Moreover, it is developing towards automation, intelligentization, and comprehensive detection. Based on the characteristics of each detection technology, this paper summarizes the basic principles, application scope and performance characteristics of the three advanced in-situ process analysis technologies: hyphenated technology, synchrotron radiation, and online analysis. The practicability and accuracy of each detection technology in coal and biomass research are compared and analyzed, and its latest application and development trend are elucidated. These tools not only make up for the shortcomings of traditional detection techniques in characterizing the in-situ reaction, but also provide complementary information on molecular microscopic changes during fuel thermal conversion. This review paper can provide insights for relevant researchers in the selection of analytical techniques, and promote in-depth study on microcosmic mechanism of fuel conversion.
{"title":"A review on in-situ process analytical techniques for the thermochemical conversion of coal and biomass","authors":"Jie Chen, Yongping Wu, Tao Xu, S. Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1515/revce-2023-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revce-2023-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Coal and biomass are important feedstocks for carbon energy from thermochemical conversion process. Fully understanding the analytical technology that characterizes the changes in physicochemical properties and structural characteristics of coal and biomass during the thermochemical reactions is a key prerequisite for the realization of appropriate utilization of energy fuels. Modern in-situ process analysis technology can accomplish the in-situ detection of the experimental process, and therefore reflect the experimental process more accurately. Moreover, it is developing towards automation, intelligentization, and comprehensive detection. Based on the characteristics of each detection technology, this paper summarizes the basic principles, application scope and performance characteristics of the three advanced in-situ process analysis technologies: hyphenated technology, synchrotron radiation, and online analysis. The practicability and accuracy of each detection technology in coal and biomass research are compared and analyzed, and its latest application and development trend are elucidated. These tools not only make up for the shortcomings of traditional detection techniques in characterizing the in-situ reaction, but also provide complementary information on molecular microscopic changes during fuel thermal conversion. This review paper can provide insights for relevant researchers in the selection of analytical techniques, and promote in-depth study on microcosmic mechanism of fuel conversion.","PeriodicalId":54485,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Chemical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43334664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Catalytic dehydrogenation of saturated hydrocarbons to corresponding alkenes by the release of the stoichiometric amount of hydrogen is the paramount solution for safe storage of hydrogen. The utilization of a catalytic membrane reactor for this process enhances the reaction yield beyond thermodynamic equilibrium by selectively and simultaneously removing the produced H2 during the reaction. To this end, the present review is focused on the integration of H2 permeable membranes with the catalysts for dehydrogenation of lighter alkanes for coproduction of olefins and high-purity hydrogen in a single step. Besides, this review also covers dehydrogenation of liquid organic hydrogen carriers for safe storage of hydrogen. Herein, different types of H2 perm-selective membranes used for the dehydrogenation reaction are highlighted and the effect of hydrocarbon on H2 permeation through these membranes are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the simulation studies along with the experimental investigation performed on the membrane reactors for dehydrogenation of linear and cyclic alkanes are critically reviewed to find the coherence between simulation and experimental findings. Systematic discussion is done on the different types of alkane dehydrogenation reactions and the parameters affecting the reaction performance. Finally, directions are provided to prepare a cheaper and large industrial scale membrane reactor for dehydrogenation reaction. The concept of coupling an exothermic reaction with the endothermic dehydrogenation reaction is provided as a future direction study to enhance the overall yield and energy efficiency of the integrated membrane reactor.
{"title":"Catalytic membrane reactors for alkane dehydrogenation applications: an integration of catalysis and separation process","authors":"S. Pati, N. Dewangan, A. Jangam, S. Kawi","doi":"10.1515/revce-2022-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revce-2022-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Catalytic dehydrogenation of saturated hydrocarbons to corresponding alkenes by the release of the stoichiometric amount of hydrogen is the paramount solution for safe storage of hydrogen. The utilization of a catalytic membrane reactor for this process enhances the reaction yield beyond thermodynamic equilibrium by selectively and simultaneously removing the produced H2 during the reaction. To this end, the present review is focused on the integration of H2 permeable membranes with the catalysts for dehydrogenation of lighter alkanes for coproduction of olefins and high-purity hydrogen in a single step. Besides, this review also covers dehydrogenation of liquid organic hydrogen carriers for safe storage of hydrogen. Herein, different types of H2 perm-selective membranes used for the dehydrogenation reaction are highlighted and the effect of hydrocarbon on H2 permeation through these membranes are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the simulation studies along with the experimental investigation performed on the membrane reactors for dehydrogenation of linear and cyclic alkanes are critically reviewed to find the coherence between simulation and experimental findings. Systematic discussion is done on the different types of alkane dehydrogenation reactions and the parameters affecting the reaction performance. Finally, directions are provided to prepare a cheaper and large industrial scale membrane reactor for dehydrogenation reaction. The concept of coupling an exothermic reaction with the endothermic dehydrogenation reaction is provided as a future direction study to enhance the overall yield and energy efficiency of the integrated membrane reactor.","PeriodicalId":54485,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Chemical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41603075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Congo red (CR) dye, due to its structural stability and non-degradable nature, is hazardous for humans and the aquatic environment. Among various methods used for degradation of CR, photocatalysis have been widely reported as a cost effective and environment-friendly method. Besides, extensive studies have been carried out regarding the use of nanomaterial-based photocatalyst for degradation of CR. This review describes the basics of photocatalysis along with the factors affecting the process, mechanism, and kinetics in detail. Additionally, literature related to synthetic and bio-based stabilizing mediums in photocatalytic assemblies have been arranged in a systematic manner. Advanced hybrid materials, i.e., metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have also been described briefly. Future directions are discussed to address existing shortcomings in this field and also to expand research in this area.
{"title":"A comprehensive review on the photocatalysis of Congo red dye for wastewater treatment","authors":"Nida Siddique, M. I. Din, R. Khalid, Z. Hussain","doi":"10.1515/revce-2022-0076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revce-2022-0076","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Congo red (CR) dye, due to its structural stability and non-degradable nature, is hazardous for humans and the aquatic environment. Among various methods used for degradation of CR, photocatalysis have been widely reported as a cost effective and environment-friendly method. Besides, extensive studies have been carried out regarding the use of nanomaterial-based photocatalyst for degradation of CR. This review describes the basics of photocatalysis along with the factors affecting the process, mechanism, and kinetics in detail. Additionally, literature related to synthetic and bio-based stabilizing mediums in photocatalytic assemblies have been arranged in a systematic manner. Advanced hybrid materials, i.e., metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have also been described briefly. Future directions are discussed to address existing shortcomings in this field and also to expand research in this area.","PeriodicalId":54485,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Chemical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48732921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.1515/revce-2023-frontmatter6
{"title":"Frontmatter","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/revce-2023-frontmatter6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revce-2023-frontmatter6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54485,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Chemical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136021770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In multiphase particulate systems, the turbulence of the continuous phase (gas or liquid) is modulated due to interactions between the continuous phase and the suspended particles. Such phenomena are non-trivial in the essence that addition of a dispersed phase to a turbulent flow complicates the existing flow patterns depending on the physical properties of the particles leading to either augmentation or attenuation of continuous phase turbulence. In the present study, this aspect has been comprehensively analysed based on the available experimental data obtained from the well-studied turbulent flow systems such as channel and pipes, free jets and grids. Relevant non-dimensional parameters such as particle diameter to integral length scale ratio, Stokes number, particle volume fraction, particle momentum number, and particle Reynolds number have been utilised to characterise the reported turbulence modulation behavior. Some limitations of these commonly used dimensionless parameters to characterise turbulence modulation are discussed, and possible improvements are suggested.
{"title":"A critical analysis of turbulence modulation in particulate flow systems: a review of the experimental studies","authors":"M. M. Hoque, J. Joshi, G. Evans, S. Mitra","doi":"10.1515/revce-2022-0068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revce-2022-0068","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In multiphase particulate systems, the turbulence of the continuous phase (gas or liquid) is modulated due to interactions between the continuous phase and the suspended particles. Such phenomena are non-trivial in the essence that addition of a dispersed phase to a turbulent flow complicates the existing flow patterns depending on the physical properties of the particles leading to either augmentation or attenuation of continuous phase turbulence. In the present study, this aspect has been comprehensively analysed based on the available experimental data obtained from the well-studied turbulent flow systems such as channel and pipes, free jets and grids. Relevant non-dimensional parameters such as particle diameter to integral length scale ratio, Stokes number, particle volume fraction, particle momentum number, and particle Reynolds number have been utilised to characterise the reported turbulence modulation behavior. Some limitations of these commonly used dimensionless parameters to characterise turbulence modulation are discussed, and possible improvements are suggested.","PeriodicalId":54485,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Chemical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47277446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Max Layer, J. Leidich, Sebastian Schwoch, Bernhard Saske, S. Neubert, Peter Robl, Kristin Paetzold-Byhain
Abstract Led by the manufacturing industry, virtual replicas of production systems also known as digital twins (DTs) are gradually moving into all areas of industry. Their advantages are characterized by the possibility of product optimization, simulations, improved monitoring and prediction of downtimes and optimized maintenance, to name just a few. The engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) of process plants as mechatronic systems is characterized by a high degree of project-specific modifications and interdisciplinary engineering effort with low reusability, in contrast to unit-production-driven areas such as automotive. This results in a high cost-benefit ratio for the creation of DTs over the life cycle of process plants, especially when suppliers are integrated into the value chain. The objective of this paper is to analyze the state of plant lifecycle management, data exchange and the possibilities of optimized supplier integration during the planning and EPC of process plants regarding DT creation and usage. Three research questions (RQs) were used to narrow down a total of 356 identified publications to 54, which were then examined. The papers covered a variety of topics, including combining discipline-specific models, plant management approaches and the combination of both.
{"title":"Data management of process plants as complex systems: systematic literature review and identification of challenges and opportunities","authors":"Max Layer, J. Leidich, Sebastian Schwoch, Bernhard Saske, S. Neubert, Peter Robl, Kristin Paetzold-Byhain","doi":"10.1515/revce-2022-0077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revce-2022-0077","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Led by the manufacturing industry, virtual replicas of production systems also known as digital twins (DTs) are gradually moving into all areas of industry. Their advantages are characterized by the possibility of product optimization, simulations, improved monitoring and prediction of downtimes and optimized maintenance, to name just a few. The engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) of process plants as mechatronic systems is characterized by a high degree of project-specific modifications and interdisciplinary engineering effort with low reusability, in contrast to unit-production-driven areas such as automotive. This results in a high cost-benefit ratio for the creation of DTs over the life cycle of process plants, especially when suppliers are integrated into the value chain. The objective of this paper is to analyze the state of plant lifecycle management, data exchange and the possibilities of optimized supplier integration during the planning and EPC of process plants regarding DT creation and usage. Three research questions (RQs) were used to narrow down a total of 356 identified publications to 54, which were then examined. The papers covered a variety of topics, including combining discipline-specific models, plant management approaches and the combination of both.","PeriodicalId":54485,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Chemical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48287786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1515/revce-2023-frontmatter5
{"title":"Frontmatter","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/revce-2023-frontmatter5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revce-2023-frontmatter5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54485,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Chemical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135409443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Microfluidics has been applied in the preparation of monodisperse droplets and microcapsules due to its high encapsulation efficiency, its ability to create uniform particle sizes, and its capacity to control core–shell ratio and structure. To bring to the fore methodologies for the fabrication and application of monodisperse microcapsules using microfluidics, we present a review of the design, structure, materials, and surface modification techniques of various microfluidic chips. The review also covers fabrication methods, operating parameters and regulation methods of single and multiple monodisperse emulsion droplets fabricated from various microfluidic devices. Our findings show that particle size of monodisperse droplets depend mainly on microchannel characteristic size and flow rate, with particle size increasing with larger microchannel but decreasing with higher continuous phase flow rate. We additionally reviewed and compared various fabrication methods for monodisperse microcapsules, such as interfacial polymerization, free-radical polymerization, ionic cross-linking, and solvent evaporation. We further reviewed and examined the application of monodisperse microcapsules in biology applications, food engineering, composite materials development, and pharmaceutical industry. We found that high-throughput microfluidics for scale-up monodisperse microcapsule preparation towards uniform degradation and targeted release properties of monodisperse microcapsules would be key innovative direction for future applications.
{"title":"Fabrication of monodisperse droplets and microcapsules using microfluidic chips: a review of methodologies and applications","authors":"Weiguang Su, Bing Han, S. Yeboah, D. Du, Li Wang","doi":"10.1515/revce-2022-0060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revce-2022-0060","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Microfluidics has been applied in the preparation of monodisperse droplets and microcapsules due to its high encapsulation efficiency, its ability to create uniform particle sizes, and its capacity to control core–shell ratio and structure. To bring to the fore methodologies for the fabrication and application of monodisperse microcapsules using microfluidics, we present a review of the design, structure, materials, and surface modification techniques of various microfluidic chips. The review also covers fabrication methods, operating parameters and regulation methods of single and multiple monodisperse emulsion droplets fabricated from various microfluidic devices. Our findings show that particle size of monodisperse droplets depend mainly on microchannel characteristic size and flow rate, with particle size increasing with larger microchannel but decreasing with higher continuous phase flow rate. We additionally reviewed and compared various fabrication methods for monodisperse microcapsules, such as interfacial polymerization, free-radical polymerization, ionic cross-linking, and solvent evaporation. We further reviewed and examined the application of monodisperse microcapsules in biology applications, food engineering, composite materials development, and pharmaceutical industry. We found that high-throughput microfluidics for scale-up monodisperse microcapsule preparation towards uniform degradation and targeted release properties of monodisperse microcapsules would be key innovative direction for future applications.","PeriodicalId":54485,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Chemical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43547894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Hassan, Iqra Sajid, M. Akmal, Muniba Aslam, P. G. Roy, Shuiqin Zhou, Ahmad Irfan, M. Shahid, R. Begum, Z. H. Farooqi
Abstract Hollow microgels and their hybrids have gained much attention in modern-day research because of their fascinating properties and potential applications. This article gives classification, preparation methods, properties and applications of hollow microgels and their hybrids in modern research. Some of the hollow microgels and their hybrids respond to change in specific environmental stimuli like pH, ionic strength and temperature of the medium. They are called smart polymer hollow microgels and smart hybrid microgels, respectively. This peculiar behaviour makes them a suitable candidate for their use in drug delivery, sensing, catalysis and many other fields. This review represents the current advancement along with future perspectives and suggestions for further research in this particular area.
{"title":"Hollow microgels and their hybrids: classification, synthesis, characterization, properties and applications","authors":"A. Hassan, Iqra Sajid, M. Akmal, Muniba Aslam, P. G. Roy, Shuiqin Zhou, Ahmad Irfan, M. Shahid, R. Begum, Z. H. Farooqi","doi":"10.1515/revce-2022-0074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revce-2022-0074","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hollow microgels and their hybrids have gained much attention in modern-day research because of their fascinating properties and potential applications. This article gives classification, preparation methods, properties and applications of hollow microgels and their hybrids in modern research. Some of the hollow microgels and their hybrids respond to change in specific environmental stimuli like pH, ionic strength and temperature of the medium. They are called smart polymer hollow microgels and smart hybrid microgels, respectively. This peculiar behaviour makes them a suitable candidate for their use in drug delivery, sensing, catalysis and many other fields. This review represents the current advancement along with future perspectives and suggestions for further research in this particular area.","PeriodicalId":54485,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Chemical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49411842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wen Xuan Woo, J. Tan, T. Wu, S. Yeap, Abdullah Amru Indera Luthfi, Shareena Fairuz Abdul Manaf, N. S. Jamali, Y. W. Hui
Abstract Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) is a widely available and sustainable energy resource that can be directly or indirectly converted to biofuels and value-added bioproducts. In such LCB conversion, enzymatic saccharification is commonly regarded as a green alternative to chemical hydrolysis due to less energy-intensive, less toxic, and more environment-benign for efficient fermentable sugar recovery. However, enzymatic saccharification faces substantial challenges, since the complex polymeric matrices of LCB necessitates a variety of enzymes for complete and adequate saccharification. Empirical evidence on enzymatic saccharification has paved the way for optimizing the processes and design for enhancing the performance in LCB. This review examines the enzymatic saccharification of LCB, focusing on the important parameters affecting the process, such as pH, temperature, agitation, enzyme/substrate loading, residence time, and the enzymes required to degrade various LCB components. Various strategies have been reported to improve the performance in saccharification and to address the non-productive adsorption of enzymes. A preliminary economic competency valuation of enzyme-derived fermentable sugars is proposed. Wheat straw, sugarcane bagasse and corn stalk appear, in this case, to be the most economic competent LCBs for commercial enzyme-derived fermentable sugar production. Lastly, practical challenges and future research directions on the enzymatic saccharification of LCB are discussed.
{"title":"An overview on the factors affecting enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass into fermentable sugars","authors":"Wen Xuan Woo, J. Tan, T. Wu, S. Yeap, Abdullah Amru Indera Luthfi, Shareena Fairuz Abdul Manaf, N. S. Jamali, Y. W. Hui","doi":"10.1515/revce-2022-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revce-2022-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) is a widely available and sustainable energy resource that can be directly or indirectly converted to biofuels and value-added bioproducts. In such LCB conversion, enzymatic saccharification is commonly regarded as a green alternative to chemical hydrolysis due to less energy-intensive, less toxic, and more environment-benign for efficient fermentable sugar recovery. However, enzymatic saccharification faces substantial challenges, since the complex polymeric matrices of LCB necessitates a variety of enzymes for complete and adequate saccharification. Empirical evidence on enzymatic saccharification has paved the way for optimizing the processes and design for enhancing the performance in LCB. This review examines the enzymatic saccharification of LCB, focusing on the important parameters affecting the process, such as pH, temperature, agitation, enzyme/substrate loading, residence time, and the enzymes required to degrade various LCB components. Various strategies have been reported to improve the performance in saccharification and to address the non-productive adsorption of enzymes. A preliminary economic competency valuation of enzyme-derived fermentable sugars is proposed. Wheat straw, sugarcane bagasse and corn stalk appear, in this case, to be the most economic competent LCBs for commercial enzyme-derived fermentable sugar production. Lastly, practical challenges and future research directions on the enzymatic saccharification of LCB are discussed.","PeriodicalId":54485,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Chemical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47171453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：