H. Zhu, W. Hu, B. Guo, X. X. Zhu, D. Xue, C. A. Zhu
{"title":"Bistatic ISAR sparse aperture maneuvering target translational compensation imaging algorithm","authors":"H. Zhu, W. Hu, B. Guo, X. X. Zhu, D. Xue, C. A. Zhu","doi":"10.13164/re.2022.0262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13164/re.2022.0262","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54514,"journal":{"name":"Radioengineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48736350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Mushtaq, S. M. A. Shah, S. Munir, M. Hussain, J. Iqbal, U. Khan
. A dual band microstrip antenna for WIMAX and WLAN applications is analyzed and presented in this paper. The proposed antenna has semicircular slot in patch and Defected Ground Structure (DGS) technique for the im-provement of its bandwidth and gain. Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software is used to design and simulate the performance characteristics. The proposed antenna has the dimensions as 28 × 26 . 6 𝑚𝑚 2 . The fabricated antenna provides a good reflection coefficient of –48 dB and –44.5 dB at a center frequency of 3.4 GHz and 5.5 GHz. Gain achieved by the antenna is 2.72 dB and 3.87 dB for WLAN and WIMAX application. Good agreements have been found between simulated and measured results. These results confirm that the fabricated antenna is very promising for WLAN and WIMAX applications.
{"title":"Dual Band Microstrip Semicircular Slot Patch Antenna for WLAN and WIMAX Applications","authors":"M. Mushtaq, S. M. A. Shah, S. Munir, M. Hussain, J. Iqbal, U. Khan","doi":"10.13164/re.2022.0406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13164/re.2022.0406","url":null,"abstract":". A dual band microstrip antenna for WIMAX and WLAN applications is analyzed and presented in this paper. The proposed antenna has semicircular slot in patch and Defected Ground Structure (DGS) technique for the im-provement of its bandwidth and gain. Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software is used to design and simulate the performance characteristics. The proposed antenna has the dimensions as 28 × 26 . 6 𝑚𝑚 2 . The fabricated antenna provides a good reflection coefficient of –48 dB and –44.5 dB at a center frequency of 3.4 GHz and 5.5 GHz. Gain achieved by the antenna is 2.72 dB and 3.87 dB for WLAN and WIMAX application. Good agreements have been found between simulated and measured results. These results confirm that the fabricated antenna is very promising for WLAN and WIMAX applications.","PeriodicalId":54514,"journal":{"name":"Radioengineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47562132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Ding, J. Zhang, Y. Liu, J. Wang, G. Chen, L. Cao
. Spectrum map ( SM ) is an important tool to reflect the spectrum usage in the electromagnetic environment. To address the problems of low precision and poor efficiency in the SM construction, this paper develops a novel SM construction approach based on the artificial bee colony enabled sensor layout optimization and an adaptive Kriging model based on spatial autocorrelation. Considering the significant autocorrelation between sensor attributes caused by the exponentially decaying shadow fading of signal propagation, the sensor estimation groups are established, and the estimation results are obtained by the Kriging model. The simulation results show that the proposed SM construction scheme can not only effectively reduce the overhead of sensor resources but also obtain a high SM construction accuracy. Extensive simulation results show that the proposed method can reduce the RMSE of SM construction by 37.56%, 25.32% and 12.89% re-spectively compared with Random-OK when the standard deviation of shadow fading is 1 dB, 3 dB and 6 dB.
{"title":"Spectrum Map Construction Based on Optimized Sensor Selection and Adaptive Kriging Model","authors":"Z. Ding, J. Zhang, Y. Liu, J. Wang, G. Chen, L. Cao","doi":"10.13164/re.2022.0422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13164/re.2022.0422","url":null,"abstract":". Spectrum map ( SM ) is an important tool to reflect the spectrum usage in the electromagnetic environment. To address the problems of low precision and poor efficiency in the SM construction, this paper develops a novel SM construction approach based on the artificial bee colony enabled sensor layout optimization and an adaptive Kriging model based on spatial autocorrelation. Considering the significant autocorrelation between sensor attributes caused by the exponentially decaying shadow fading of signal propagation, the sensor estimation groups are established, and the estimation results are obtained by the Kriging model. The simulation results show that the proposed SM construction scheme can not only effectively reduce the overhead of sensor resources but also obtain a high SM construction accuracy. Extensive simulation results show that the proposed method can reduce the RMSE of SM construction by 37.56%, 25.32% and 12.89% re-spectively compared with Random-OK when the standard deviation of shadow fading is 1 dB, 3 dB and 6 dB.","PeriodicalId":54514,"journal":{"name":"Radioengineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43077637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. Device-to-Device (D2D) communication is a potential technology to improve the spectral and energy efficiency (EE) of communication networks. In this paper, we study energy-efficient power allocation (PA) schemes in uplink distributed antenna system (DAS) with device-to-device underlay communication. Our goal is to maximize the total EE of all D2D pairs while guaranteeing the data rate and transmit power requirements of the cellular user and D2D links. To solve this non-convex constrained optimization problem, we propose an energy-efficient near-optimal PA algorithm based on the concave-convex procedure and fractional programming theory. This near-opti-mal algorithm can achieve the EE performance close to the optimal exhaustive search. To reduce the complexity, we furthermore present an efficient sub-optimal algorithm with the antenna selection method which can obtain the closed-form power allocation expressions. Simulation results demonstrate the significant EE performance of our proposed PA schemes.
{"title":"Energy Efficiency Optimization for D2D Underlay Communication in Distributed Antenna System over Composite Fading Channels","authors":"G. Y. Wang, A. Dhaka, T. Teng, K. Yu","doi":"10.13164/re.2022.0440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13164/re.2022.0440","url":null,"abstract":". Device-to-Device (D2D) communication is a potential technology to improve the spectral and energy efficiency (EE) of communication networks. In this paper, we study energy-efficient power allocation (PA) schemes in uplink distributed antenna system (DAS) with device-to-device underlay communication. Our goal is to maximize the total EE of all D2D pairs while guaranteeing the data rate and transmit power requirements of the cellular user and D2D links. To solve this non-convex constrained optimization problem, we propose an energy-efficient near-optimal PA algorithm based on the concave-convex procedure and fractional programming theory. This near-opti-mal algorithm can achieve the EE performance close to the optimal exhaustive search. To reduce the complexity, we furthermore present an efficient sub-optimal algorithm with the antenna selection method which can obtain the closed-form power allocation expressions. Simulation results demonstrate the significant EE performance of our proposed PA schemes.","PeriodicalId":54514,"journal":{"name":"Radioengineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44075684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Chatterjee, B. Bandyopadhyay, Agnibha Das Majumdar
. The paper proposes a novel least perturbation based method of constrained null placement for a non-uniformly excited linear antenna array. Synthesis of amplitude and phase of edge element using least perturbation based analytical technique for required null placement leads to degradation of pattern in terms of increased side lobe level and beam broadening. Further computation capability of the method of least perturbation has been enhanced using an evolutionary algorithm. Subsequently, suitable evolutionary algorithms have been employed to find the optimum value of excitation and phase of edge elements subject to constraints of side lobe level reduction, beamwidth narrowing, and main beam control. Design of 8 and 15 elements linear array with a 95% reduction in computation time elucidates the capabilities of the proposed method. Further 3D electromagnetic solver-based validation process has been used to ascertain the practical acceptability of the method.
{"title":"Least Perturbation Based Method of Multi-Objective Null Placement in Linear Antenna Array Using Evolutionary Algorithms","authors":"S. Chatterjee, B. Bandyopadhyay, Agnibha Das Majumdar","doi":"10.13164/re.2022.0431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13164/re.2022.0431","url":null,"abstract":". The paper proposes a novel least perturbation based method of constrained null placement for a non-uniformly excited linear antenna array. Synthesis of amplitude and phase of edge element using least perturbation based analytical technique for required null placement leads to degradation of pattern in terms of increased side lobe level and beam broadening. Further computation capability of the method of least perturbation has been enhanced using an evolutionary algorithm. Subsequently, suitable evolutionary algorithms have been employed to find the optimum value of excitation and phase of edge elements subject to constraints of side lobe level reduction, beamwidth narrowing, and main beam control. Design of 8 and 15 elements linear array with a 95% reduction in computation time elucidates the capabilities of the proposed method. Further 3D electromagnetic solver-based validation process has been used to ascertain the practical acceptability of the method.","PeriodicalId":54514,"journal":{"name":"Radioengineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45859866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. This article investigates the frequency-related fingerprints of the meminductor/capacitors and their duals realized by the circuit emulators. The direct dependency of the hysteresis loop area on the inverse of operating frequency is an important property of the memristor confirm-ing its resistive memory nature. This work shows that not all such elements (which exhibit hysteresis characteristics) seem to follow this fingerprint on subjected to the sinusoidal current/voltage excitation signal when they are realized by the emulator circuits. It is found that in some cases PHL (Pinched Hysteresis Loop) characteristics of the mem-capacitor/inductor and their elements, may seem to create a fallacy in their appearance. Although this behavior is natural (but distinct from the memristor), it does produce some challenges during the measurements of these memelements and non-memelements. The behavior has been demonstrated in the MATLAB generated plots and also verified in the experimental and simulation results obtained for the designed emulators for the memcapaci-tor/meminductor and their duals. The paper also attempts to propose potential solutions to avoid this delusion per-ceived in the PHL characteristics of memcapacitor/memin-ductor and their duals, due to conventional measuring methods.
{"title":"On the Investigation of Frequency-Related Fingerprints of Meminductor/Capacitor and Their Duals Realized by Circuit Emulators","authors":"K. Bhardwaj, M. Srivastava","doi":"10.13164/re.2022.0374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13164/re.2022.0374","url":null,"abstract":". This article investigates the frequency-related fingerprints of the meminductor/capacitors and their duals realized by the circuit emulators. The direct dependency of the hysteresis loop area on the inverse of operating frequency is an important property of the memristor confirm-ing its resistive memory nature. This work shows that not all such elements (which exhibit hysteresis characteristics) seem to follow this fingerprint on subjected to the sinusoidal current/voltage excitation signal when they are realized by the emulator circuits. It is found that in some cases PHL (Pinched Hysteresis Loop) characteristics of the mem-capacitor/inductor and their elements, may seem to create a fallacy in their appearance. Although this behavior is natural (but distinct from the memristor), it does produce some challenges during the measurements of these memelements and non-memelements. The behavior has been demonstrated in the MATLAB generated plots and also verified in the experimental and simulation results obtained for the designed emulators for the memcapaci-tor/meminductor and their duals. The paper also attempts to propose potential solutions to avoid this delusion per-ceived in the PHL characteristics of memcapacitor/memin-ductor and their duals, due to conventional measuring methods.","PeriodicalId":54514,"journal":{"name":"Radioengineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48332279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. By the recent improvement of the internet of things (IoT), the need to implement wireless networks is increasing. It is a challenge to balance between battery lifetime of the different sensors and network lifetime. Many studies proved the importance of using clustering and Mobile Data Collectors (MDCs) to extend the operating time of sensor nodes. A mobile data collector is used to gather the data recorded by the nodes over a short transmission range. The proposed approach aims to decrease the energy consumption of each sensor node by using the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and mobile data collector. So, we suggest a clustering algorithm to find suitable Cluster Heads and form clusters. Then, we employ the genetic algorithm to construct an optimal data gathering path for MDC. Computer simulation proves that the proposed approach out-performs existing ones.
{"title":"Increase of the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Network using Clustering Algorithm and Optimal Path Selection Method","authors":"W. Jlassi, R. Haddad, R. Bouallègue, R. Shubair","doi":"10.13164/re.2022.0301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13164/re.2022.0301","url":null,"abstract":". By the recent improvement of the internet of things (IoT), the need to implement wireless networks is increasing. It is a challenge to balance between battery lifetime of the different sensors and network lifetime. Many studies proved the importance of using clustering and Mobile Data Collectors (MDCs) to extend the operating time of sensor nodes. A mobile data collector is used to gather the data recorded by the nodes over a short transmission range. The proposed approach aims to decrease the energy consumption of each sensor node by using the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and mobile data collector. So, we suggest a clustering algorithm to find suitable Cluster Heads and form clusters. Then, we employ the genetic algorithm to construct an optimal data gathering path for MDC. Computer simulation proves that the proposed approach out-performs existing ones.","PeriodicalId":54514,"journal":{"name":"Radioengineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42328406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. A single-layer broadband endfire antenna with high-gain and stable beams based on the spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) is proposed in this paper. The amplitude and phase of the surface wave are controlled by asymmetric protrusions on both sides. The anti-symmetric structure is added to balance the upper and lower electric fields while adjusting the impedance matching at the same time. Eventually, endfire radiation is generated with a stable beam to the free space within 5.25–7.94 GHz to form a relative bandwidth of 40.8%. The maximum achieved gain is 11.7 dBi at 7.1 GHz. The experimental results are basically consistent with the simulations. The antenna with high-gain, broadband and a stable beam can be effectively used in wireless communication systems.
{"title":"Single-Layer Broadband Endfire Antenna with High-Gain and Stable Beams Based on Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons","authors":"H. Jiang, X. Cao, H. Yang, J. Gao, L. Ji-Di","doi":"10.13164/re.2022.0295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13164/re.2022.0295","url":null,"abstract":". A single-layer broadband endfire antenna with high-gain and stable beams based on the spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) is proposed in this paper. The amplitude and phase of the surface wave are controlled by asymmetric protrusions on both sides. The anti-symmetric structure is added to balance the upper and lower electric fields while adjusting the impedance matching at the same time. Eventually, endfire radiation is generated with a stable beam to the free space within 5.25–7.94 GHz to form a relative bandwidth of 40.8%. The maximum achieved gain is 11.7 dBi at 7.1 GHz. The experimental results are basically consistent with the simulations. The antenna with high-gain, broadband and a stable beam can be effectively used in wireless communication systems.","PeriodicalId":54514,"journal":{"name":"Radioengineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48409908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. We propose a resource allocation policy for intelligent reflective surface (IRS)-assisted wireless powered communication network (WPCN) where the energy harvesting (EH) users (EHUs) have finite energy storage and data buffers, for storing the harvested energy and the input (sen-sory) data, respectively. The IRS reflecting coefficients for uplink and downlink are chosen to focus the beam towards a specific EHU, but have additional constant phase offsets (different for uplink and downlink) in order to account for the direct link between the base station and the IRS targeted EHU, and the influence to the EH process of other EHUs in downlink. The EHUs acquire data from their sensors, receive energy in downlink and send information in uplink. We maximize the overall average amount of sensor information in the WPCN by optimizing the IRS reflecting coefficients for the downlink transmissions, the amount of acquired sensor information and the duration of the information transmission period for each EHU in each epoch using the Lyapunov drift-plus-penalty optimization technique. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution.
{"title":"Lyapunov Drift-Plus-Penalty Based Resource Allocation in IRS-Assisted Wireless Networks with RF Energy Harvesting","authors":"S. Pejoski, H. Hadzi-Velkov, T. Shuminoski","doi":"10.13164/re.2022.0382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13164/re.2022.0382","url":null,"abstract":". We propose a resource allocation policy for intelligent reflective surface (IRS)-assisted wireless powered communication network (WPCN) where the energy harvesting (EH) users (EHUs) have finite energy storage and data buffers, for storing the harvested energy and the input (sen-sory) data, respectively. The IRS reflecting coefficients for uplink and downlink are chosen to focus the beam towards a specific EHU, but have additional constant phase offsets (different for uplink and downlink) in order to account for the direct link between the base station and the IRS targeted EHU, and the influence to the EH process of other EHUs in downlink. The EHUs acquire data from their sensors, receive energy in downlink and send information in uplink. We maximize the overall average amount of sensor information in the WPCN by optimizing the IRS reflecting coefficients for the downlink transmissions, the amount of acquired sensor information and the duration of the information transmission period for each EHU in each epoch using the Lyapunov drift-plus-penalty optimization technique. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution.","PeriodicalId":54514,"journal":{"name":"Radioengineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45343741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. Conjugate image impedances are used to minimize power reflections in a variety of domains, including amplifier design, microwave engineering, wireless power transfer, antenna design and millimeter wave applications. For a two-port network, they can be described as function of different parameters including impedance, admittance, hybrid, inverse hybrid, chain, scattering and chain scattering parameters. In this work, a general unified structure for the conjugate image impedances is provided, valid for each of the two-port representations. It highlights its close relationship with the Rollett stability factor and provides insight into the structure of conjugate image impedances. choice of the proper S parameters in characterizing devices including transmission lines with complex ref- erence impedances and a general methodology for computing them.
{"title":"Unified Expression of the Conjugate Image Impedances for Two-port Representations","authors":"B. Minnaert","doi":"10.13164/re.2022.0273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13164/re.2022.0273","url":null,"abstract":". Conjugate image impedances are used to minimize power reflections in a variety of domains, including amplifier design, microwave engineering, wireless power transfer, antenna design and millimeter wave applications. For a two-port network, they can be described as function of different parameters including impedance, admittance, hybrid, inverse hybrid, chain, scattering and chain scattering parameters. In this work, a general unified structure for the conjugate image impedances is provided, valid for each of the two-port representations. It highlights its close relationship with the Rollett stability factor and provides insight into the structure of conjugate image impedances. choice of the proper S parameters in characterizing devices including transmission lines with complex ref- erence impedances and a general methodology for computing them.","PeriodicalId":54514,"journal":{"name":"Radioengineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41262268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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