Progress in Aerospace Sciences最新文献_第2页

Lunar construction: A state-of-the-art survey 月球建设：一项最先进的调查

IF 16.2 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101159

Ketan Vasudeva , M. Reza Emami , Cameron Dickinson

The renewed global interest in furthering human’s presence on the Moon has catalyzed efforts to establish a sustainable lunar base. The incentive is not only for scientific opportunities and prospects of deep-space exploration, but also for demonstrating technologies that will extend our reach throughout the Solar System. Central to such efforts is the development of robust and scalable lunar construction technologies. This survey presents a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art in lunar construction, including environmental characterization, infrastructure development, construction methods and materials, and robotic systems. The unique challenges posed by the lunar environment are highlighted, such as extreme temperature variations, high radiation exposure, and micrometeorite impacts, with a particular emphasis on the abrasive, adhesive, and electrostatically charged lunar regolith, thus including strategies developed for lunar dust mitigation. The survey investigates the critical infrastructure that will need to be established, including habitats, power stations, communication stations, landing pads, blast berms, and more. A detailed analysis of the methods and materials that are being developed to create such infrastructure is presented, identifying which methods have demonstrated promise and garnered the most attention. A diversity of robotic technologies are required to enable the construction of the necessary infrastructure using these methods and systems, which are broken down into lunar cranes, mobile manipulators, 3D printers, and robot teams, with a particular focus on work being done to develop flight systems. The paper concludes by identifying critical research and technological gaps that must be addressed to support the next generation of lunar missions and long-term extraterrestrial habitation.

全球对进一步推动人类在月球上的存在重新产生了兴趣，这促使人们努力建立一个可持续的月球基地。这不仅是为了科学机会和深空探索的前景，也是为了展示将我们的触角延伸到整个太阳系的技术。这些努力的核心是发展强大且可扩展的月球建造技术。这项调查全面回顾了月球建设的最新进展，包括环境特征、基础设施发展、施工方法和材料以及机器人系统。强调了月球环境带来的独特挑战，例如极端温度变化、高辐射暴露和微陨石撞击，特别强调了磨蚀性、粘合剂和带静电电荷的月球风化层，从而包括为减少月球尘埃而制定的战略。该调查调查了需要建立的关键基础设施，包括栖息地、发电站、通讯站、着陆平台、防爆护堤等。对正在开发的用于创建此类基础设施的方法和材料进行了详细的分析，确定了哪些方法已经证明了前景并获得了最多的关注。使用这些方法和系统，需要多种机器人技术来构建必要的基础设施，这些基础设施分为月球起重机、移动操纵器、3D打印机和机器人团队，特别关注正在进行的开发飞行系统的工作。论文最后指出，为支持下一代月球任务和长期地外居住，必须解决关键的研究和技术差距。

{"title":"Lunar construction: A state-of-the-art survey","authors":"Ketan Vasudeva , M. Reza Emami , Cameron Dickinson","doi":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The renewed global interest in furthering human’s presence on the Moon has catalyzed efforts to establish a sustainable lunar base. The incentive is not only for scientific opportunities and prospects of deep-space exploration, but also for demonstrating technologies that will extend our reach throughout the Solar System. Central to such efforts is the development of robust and scalable lunar construction technologies. This survey presents a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art in lunar construction, including environmental characterization, infrastructure development, construction methods and materials, and robotic systems. The unique challenges posed by the lunar environment are highlighted, such as extreme temperature variations, high radiation exposure, and micrometeorite impacts, with a particular emphasis on the abrasive, adhesive, and electrostatically charged lunar regolith, thus including strategies developed for lunar dust mitigation. The survey investigates the critical infrastructure that will need to be established, including habitats, power stations, communication stations, landing pads, blast berms, and more. A detailed analysis of the methods and materials that are being developed to create such infrastructure is presented, identifying which methods have demonstrated promise and garnered the most attention. A diversity of robotic technologies are required to enable the construction of the necessary infrastructure using these methods and systems, which are broken down into lunar cranes, mobile manipulators, 3D printers, and robot teams, with a particular focus on work being done to develop flight systems. The paper concludes by identifying critical research and technological gaps that must be addressed to support the next generation of lunar missions and long-term extraterrestrial habitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54553,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Aerospace Sciences","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 101159"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145645686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A review of ice detection technologies 冰探测技术综述

IF 16.2 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101158

L. Maio , J. Moore , D.E. Cook , P. Potluri , C.K. Bosetti

Since the dawn of aviation, aircraft icing has been a problem for air vehicles. Ice buildup on aircraft is a potentially serious safety issue as it can interfere with the aerodynamic characteristics. Icing alters performance and controllability of the vehicle, and hence it has been identified as one of the main causes for catastrophic accidents. Consequently, for safety reasons, the installation of devices to detect its presence has become necessary. However, ice formations can represent a threat also for other types of structures, such as high-power lines, bridge stay cables, antennas, or wind turbines, placed in environments that contribute to the ice formation. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review on the different ice detection technologies, focusing principally on aircraft icing, and classifying them according to the possible applications and their operating principle.

自航空诞生以来，飞机结冰一直是飞行器的一个问题。飞机上结冰是一个潜在的严重安全问题，因为它会干扰空气动力学特性。结冰改变了车辆的性能和可控性，因此已被确定为灾难性事故的主要原因之一。因此，出于安全考虑，必须安装检测其存在的设备。然而，冰的形成也可能对其他类型的结构构成威胁，如高压线、桥索、天线或风力涡轮机，这些结构都放置在有助于冰形成的环境中。本文的目的是综述不同的冰检测技术，主要针对飞机结冰，并根据可能的应用和它们的工作原理对它们进行分类。

引用次数: 0

Advances in early warning and active control of compressor instabilities for aerospace applications 航空航天压气机不稳定性预警与主动控制研究进展

IF 16.2 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101156

Yang Liu , Juan Du , Dan Zhao

This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the methods developed over the past 40 years for predicting stall and surge in gas turbine and aero-engine compressors. The review encompasses theoretical models, real-time signal analysis techniques for early stall and surge warning, and their integration into active control systems. For circumferentially propagating rotating stall, the Moore-Greitzer model and harmonic analysis of dynamic signals laid the foundation for predicting stall and enabling active control strategies. The discovery of two types of stall precursors and the recognition that stall typically precedes surge led to the development of early warning methods based on stall precursor detection, such as spatial Fourier transform and traveling wave energy analysis. A deeper understanding of stall mechanisms has revealed the unsteady behavior of tip leakage vortices as an earlier precursor disturbance. Concurrently, numerous stall warning techniques—including correlation analysis, wavelet analysis, modal decomposition, and deep learning—have been developed to improve the timeliness and reliability of warnings. The robustness of these methods under various operational factors, such as inlet distortion, tip clearance size, and rotor eccentricity, has been thoroughly analyzed, supporting their integration with active control strategies. In contrast, surge early warning remains more challenging due to the limited understanding of the surge-inducing mechanisms in axial fluctuations; current detection primarily relies on frequency monitoring of pressure, vibration, and acoustic signals. As modern engines operate under increasingly complex inlet conditions and higher load demands, the routes to instability and the nature of precursor disturbances have diversified. This presents significant challenges in developing early warning methods that comprehensively address the various instability pathways. The paper highlights the most influential contributions in this field and discusses prospects for future research directions.

本文全面概述了过去40年来发展起来的预测燃气轮机和航空发动机压气机失速和喘振的方法。该综述包括理论模型、早期失速和浪涌预警的实时信号分析技术，以及它们与主动控制系统的集成。对于周向传播的旋转失速，Moore-Greitzer模型和动态信号的谐波分析为失速预测和主动控制策略的实现奠定了基础。两种失速前兆的发现以及对失速前兆通常先于浪涌的认识促使基于失速前兆检测的预警方法的发展，如空间傅里叶变换和行波能量分析。对失速机制的深入了解揭示了叶尖泄漏涡的非定常行为是一种早期的前驱扰动。同时，许多失速预警技术——包括相关分析、小波分析、模态分解和深度学习——已经被开发出来，以提高预警的及时性和可靠性。这些方法在各种运行因素下的鲁棒性，如进气道畸变、叶尖间隙大小和转子偏心，已经被深入分析，支持它们与主动控制策略的集成。相比之下，由于对轴向波动中引起浪涌的机制的了解有限，浪涌预警仍然更具挑战性；目前的检测主要依靠频率监测压力、振动和声信号。随着现代发动机在越来越复杂的进气条件和更高的负载要求下运行，不稳定的途径和前驱扰动的性质已经多样化。这对开发全面解决各种不稳定途径的早期预警方法提出了重大挑战。本文重点介绍了该领域最具影响力的研究成果，并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。

{"title":"Advances in early warning and active control of compressor instabilities for aerospace applications","authors":"Yang Liu , Juan Du , Dan Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the methods developed over the past 40 years for predicting stall and surge in gas turbine and aero-engine compressors. The review encompasses theoretical models, real-time signal analysis techniques for early stall and surge warning, and their integration into active control systems. For circumferentially propagating rotating stall, the Moore-Greitzer model and harmonic analysis of dynamic signals laid the foundation for predicting stall and enabling active control strategies. The discovery of two types of stall precursors and the recognition that stall typically precedes surge led to the development of early warning methods based on stall precursor detection, such as spatial Fourier transform and traveling wave energy analysis. A deeper understanding of stall mechanisms has revealed the unsteady behavior of tip leakage vortices as an earlier precursor disturbance. Concurrently, numerous stall warning techniques—including correlation analysis, wavelet analysis, modal decomposition, and deep learning—have been developed to improve the timeliness and reliability of warnings. The robustness of these methods under various operational factors, such as inlet distortion, tip clearance size, and rotor eccentricity, has been thoroughly analyzed, supporting their integration with active control strategies. In contrast, surge early warning remains more challenging due to the limited understanding of the surge-inducing mechanisms in axial fluctuations; current detection primarily relies on frequency monitoring of pressure, vibration, and acoustic signals. As modern engines operate under increasingly complex inlet conditions and higher load demands, the routes to instability and the nature of precursor disturbances have diversified. This presents significant challenges in developing early warning methods that comprehensively address the various instability pathways. The paper highlights the most influential contributions in this field and discusses prospects for future research directions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54553,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Aerospace Sciences","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 101156"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145528308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Machine learning in flight parameter-based structural load prediction: A review and framework proposal 基于飞行参数的结构载荷预测中的机器学习：综述与框架建议

IF 16.2 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101145

Lei Huang, Yinghui Zuo, Cong Guo, Bo Wang, Kuo Tian

Flight Parameter-based Structural Load Prediction (FP-SLP) is a key technology for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) and remaining life estimation of in-service aircraft and flight vehicles. With the continuous development of Machine Learning (ML), FP-SLP has gained powerful assistance. However, in engineering application of FP-SLP, ML technology faces bottlenecks such as fragmentation and data scarcity, which severely constrain its further development and application. This paper aims to conduct a systematic review of ML research and applications in FP-SLP related fields, establish a new advanced technical framework and explore future development directions, so as to provide references for theoretical research and engineering practice. In this paper, we first clarify the fundamental concepts of FP-SLP and describe the general workflow from data acquisition, surrogate modeling to online prediction, and comprehensively analyze existing challenges in engineering practice. Subsequently, a systematic review of ML applications of in FP-SLP is presented, concentrating on four core problems: efficient flight data preprocessing, high-precision surrogate modeling, model tuning and validation, and model deployment and maintenance. The advantages and effectiveness of advanced ML techniques in overcoming the existing challenges in FP-SLP are demonstrated. Based on various state-of-the-art ML techniques, this paper proposes a new advanced framework for FP-SLP, which provides a paradigm for subsequent research and engineering applications. Meanwhile, an original industrial-grade dataset, Aircraft structural Load Benchmark dataset (AirLoadBench), derived from real flight testing, is constructed and made public for the comparative research needs in the FP-SLP field. Finally, the AirLoadBench dataset is applied to evaluate various ML models in terms of prediction accuracy and training time. The results show that XGBoost model and XGBoost-based Ensemble learning (XGBoost-Ens) model demonstrates significant advantages among numerous models, outperforming others in both prediction accuracy and training efficiency.

基于飞行参数的结构载荷预测（FP-SLP）是实现在役飞机和飞行器结构健康监测和剩余寿命估计的关键技术。随着机器学习（Machine Learning， ML）的不断发展，FP-SLP得到了强大的辅助。然而，在FP-SLP的工程应用中，ML技术面临着碎片化、数据稀缺性等瓶颈，严重制约了其进一步发展和应用。本文旨在对机器学习在FP-SLP相关领域的研究和应用进行系统综述，建立新的先进技术框架，探索未来发展方向，为理论研究和工程实践提供参考。本文首先阐述了FP-SLP的基本概念，描述了从数据采集、代理建模到在线预测的一般工作流程，并综合分析了工程实践中存在的挑战。随后，系统回顾了机器学习在FP-SLP中的应用，重点讨论了四个核心问题：高效的飞行数据预处理、高精度的代理建模、模型调优和验证以及模型部署和维护。证明了先进的机器学习技术在克服FP-SLP中存在的挑战方面的优势和有效性。基于各种最先进的机器学习技术，本文提出了一个新的FP-SLP高级框架，为后续的研究和工程应用提供了一个范例。同时，构建并公开了源自真实飞行试验的原始工业级数据集——飞机结构载荷基准数据集（AirLoadBench），以满足FP-SLP领域的比较研究需求。最后，应用AirLoadBench数据集在预测精度和训练时间方面评估各种ML模型。结果表明，XGBoost模型和基于XGBoost的集成学习（XGBoost- ens）模型在众多模型中表现出显著的优势，在预测精度和训练效率上都优于其他模型。

{"title":"Machine learning in flight parameter-based structural load prediction: A review and framework proposal","authors":"Lei Huang, Yinghui Zuo, Cong Guo, Bo Wang, Kuo Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flight Parameter-based Structural Load Prediction (FP-SLP) is a key technology for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) and remaining life estimation of in-service aircraft and flight vehicles. With the continuous development of Machine Learning (ML), FP-SLP has gained powerful assistance. However, in engineering application of FP-SLP, ML technology faces bottlenecks such as fragmentation and data scarcity, which severely constrain its further development and application. This paper aims to conduct a systematic review of ML research and applications in FP-SLP related fields, establish a new advanced technical framework and explore future development directions, so as to provide references for theoretical research and engineering practice. In this paper, we first clarify the fundamental concepts of FP-SLP and describe the general workflow from data acquisition, surrogate modeling to online prediction, and comprehensively analyze existing challenges in engineering practice. Subsequently, a systematic review of ML applications of in FP-SLP is presented, concentrating on four core problems: efficient flight data preprocessing, high-precision surrogate modeling, model tuning and validation, and model deployment and maintenance. The advantages and effectiveness of advanced ML techniques in overcoming the existing challenges in FP-SLP are demonstrated. Based on various state-of-the-art ML techniques, this paper proposes a new advanced framework for FP-SLP, which provides a paradigm for subsequent research and engineering applications. Meanwhile, an original industrial-grade dataset, Aircraft structural Load Benchmark dataset (AirLoadBench), derived from real flight testing, is constructed and made public for the comparative research needs in the FP-SLP field. Finally, the AirLoadBench dataset is applied to evaluate various ML models in terms of prediction accuracy and training time. The results show that XGBoost model and XGBoost-based Ensemble learning (XGBoost-Ens) model demonstrates significant advantages among numerous models, outperforming others in both prediction accuracy and training efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54553,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Aerospace Sciences","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 101145"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145289884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A review on safety control of unmanned aerial vehicles with guaranteed performance requirements 具有保证性能要求的无人机安全控制研究综述

IF 16.2 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101144

Ziquan Yu , Mengna Li , Youmin Zhang , Bin Jiang

Nonideal conditions including disturbances, faults, and attacks may significantly threaten flight safety of unmanned aerial vehicles by exceeding the inherent flight performance envelope curve. To strictly constrain the performance perturbations against nonideal conditions, some promising guaranteed performance methods are primarily developed to increase the flight safety of unmanned aerial vehicles. This review gives a systematic overview of safety control methods for unmanned aerial vehicles with guaranteed performance requirements. The funnel control, prescribed performance control, and barrier Lyapunov function methods are first analyzed as three typical guaranteed performance methods. Next, the applications of guaranteed performance methods on flight control, fault-tolerant control, and attack-tolerant control of single unmanned aerial vehicle are detailedly analyzed and summarized. Moreover, by extending the guaranteed performance control design for single unmanned aerial vehicle to multiple unmanned aerial vehicles, the applications of guaranteed performance methods on cooperative control, fault-tolerant cooperative control, and attack-tolerant cooperative control of unmanned aerial vehicle swarm are further analyzed. Furthermore, some direct applications of these safety control methods with guaranteed performance in the aerospace field are discussed. Finally, some challenges and future research directions are presented for the safety control of unmanned aerial vehicles with guaranteed performance.

干扰、故障、攻击等非理想条件会超出无人机固有的飞行性能包络曲线，严重威胁无人机的飞行安全。为了严格约束非理想条件下的性能摄动，初步开发了一些有前景的性能保证方法，以提高无人机的飞行安全性。本文系统地综述了保证性能要求的无人机安全控制方法。首先分析了漏斗控制、规定性能控制和屏障Lyapunov函数方法作为三种典型的保证性能方法。其次，详细分析和总结了性能保证方法在单架无人机飞行控制、容错控制和容攻击控制中的应用。此外，通过将单架无人机的保性能控制设计扩展到多架无人机，进一步分析了保性能方法在无人机群协同控制、容错协同控制和容错协同控制中的应用。最后讨论了这些安全控制方法在航空航天领域的直接应用。最后，提出了保证性能的无人机安全控制面临的挑战和未来的研究方向。

{"title":"A review on safety control of unmanned aerial vehicles with guaranteed performance requirements","authors":"Ziquan Yu , Mengna Li , Youmin Zhang , Bin Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nonideal conditions including disturbances, faults, and attacks may significantly threaten flight safety of unmanned aerial vehicles by exceeding the inherent flight performance envelope curve. To strictly constrain the performance perturbations against nonideal conditions, some promising guaranteed performance methods are primarily developed to increase the flight safety of unmanned aerial vehicles. This review gives a systematic overview of safety control methods for unmanned aerial vehicles with guaranteed performance requirements. The funnel control, prescribed performance control, and barrier Lyapunov function methods are first analyzed as three typical guaranteed performance methods. Next, the applications of guaranteed performance methods on flight control, fault-tolerant control, and attack-tolerant control of single unmanned aerial vehicle are detailedly analyzed and summarized. Moreover, by extending the guaranteed performance control design for single unmanned aerial vehicle to multiple unmanned aerial vehicles, the applications of guaranteed performance methods on cooperative control, fault-tolerant cooperative control, and attack-tolerant cooperative control of unmanned aerial vehicle swarm are further analyzed. Furthermore, some direct applications of these safety control methods with guaranteed performance in the aerospace field are discussed. Finally, some challenges and future research directions are presented for the safety control of unmanned aerial vehicles with guaranteed performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54553,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Aerospace Sciences","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 101144"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145269996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regulatory pathways to certifiable condition based maintenance solutions in aviation: A comprehensive review 航空中基于可认证状态的维护解决方案的监管途径：全面回顾

IF 16.2 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101143

Robert Meissner , Ahmad Ali Pohya , Oliver Weiss , David Piotrowski , Gerko Wende

Aircraft maintenance is characterized by strict regulations to ensure airworthiness throughout an air vehicle’s complete lifetime. While the traditional maintenance approach of regular inspections and functional checks has led to extraordinary high levels of safety, it is also cause for considerable maintenance-related downtimes and substantial operating cost contributions. At the same time, the vast majority of performed inspections does not reveal any defects and will leave the aircraft’s condition unchanged. Therefore, the promise of substantial cost savings pushes manufacturers and operators constantly towards replacement of those tasks by automated Condition Monitoring (CM) and Health Management (HM) systems. However, regulatory guidance for the development of certifiable HM solutions to substitute manual scheduled maintenance tasks by Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) approaches is sparse. Consequently, the introduction of these technologies remains slow while current use cases are limited to non-critical maintenance tasks or the avoidance of unscheduled maintenance events due to system breakdowns. With this work, we will provide an in-depth review of existing guidelines from (a) regulatory authorities, (b) institutions such as SAE and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and (c) academic publications. Using these insights, we will derive a holistic framework that provides HM experts a guiding document to support their development of certifiable technical solutions. As a result, this guidance will help to exploit the existing technical capabilities for a continuous CM to determine airworthiness statuses and to replace scheduled preventive maintenance tasks by automation.

飞机维护的特点是严格的规定，以确保适航在整个飞行器的整个生命周期。虽然传统的定期检查和功能检查的维护方法带来了非常高的安全性，但它也导致了大量与维护相关的停机时间和大量的运营成本贡献。与此同时，绝大多数的检查并没有发现任何缺陷，也不会使飞机的状况保持不变。因此，大量节省成本的承诺促使制造商和运营商不断采用自动化状态监测（CM）和健康管理（HM）系统来取代这些任务。然而，开发可认证的HM解决方案以基于状态的维护（CBM）方法替代人工计划维护任务的监管指导很少。因此，这些技术的引入仍然缓慢，而当前的用例仅限于非关键的维护任务或避免由于系统故障而导致的计划外维护事件。通过这项工作，我们将对(a)监管部门、(b) SAE和国际标准化组织（ISO）等机构以及(c)学术出版物的现有指南进行深入审查。利用这些见解，我们将得出一个整体框架，为HM专家提供指导性文件，以支持他们开发可认证的技术解决方案。因此，本指南将有助于利用现有的技术能力，为持续的CM确定适航状态，并通过自动化取代预定的预防性维护任务。

{"title":"Regulatory pathways to certifiable condition based maintenance solutions in aviation: A comprehensive review","authors":"Robert Meissner , Ahmad Ali Pohya , Oliver Weiss , David Piotrowski , Gerko Wende","doi":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aircraft maintenance is characterized by strict regulations to ensure airworthiness throughout an air vehicle’s complete lifetime. While the traditional maintenance approach of regular inspections and functional checks has led to extraordinary high levels of safety, it is also cause for considerable maintenance-related downtimes and substantial operating cost contributions. At the same time, the vast majority of performed inspections does not reveal any defects and will leave the aircraft’s condition unchanged. Therefore, the promise of substantial cost savings pushes manufacturers and operators constantly towards replacement of those tasks by automated Condition Monitoring (CM) and Health Management (HM) systems. However, regulatory guidance for the development of certifiable HM solutions to substitute manual scheduled maintenance tasks by Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) approaches is sparse. Consequently, the introduction of these technologies remains slow while current use cases are limited to non-critical maintenance tasks or the avoidance of unscheduled maintenance events due to system breakdowns. With this work, we will provide an in-depth review of existing guidelines from (a) regulatory authorities, (b) institutions such as SAE and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and (c) academic publications. Using these insights, we will derive a holistic framework that provides HM experts a guiding document to support their development of certifiable technical solutions. As a result, this guidance will help to exploit the existing technical capabilities for a continuous CM to determine airworthiness statuses and to replace scheduled preventive maintenance tasks by automation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54553,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Aerospace Sciences","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 101143"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145326037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Graphene-enhanced epoxy composites: A comprehensive review of dispersion mechanisms, processing strategies, property optimization, characterization and sustainable innovations 石墨烯增强环氧复合材料：分散机制、加工策略、性能优化、表征和可持续创新的综合综述

IF 16.2 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101142

Md Raju Ahmed, Leandro Maio, Prasad Potluri

Graphene has emerged as one of the most promising materials for enhancing the properties of polymer composites, particularly epoxy resins. In order to attain the greatest benefits of graphene nanoparticles in the production of composite matrix systems for industrial applications, it is crucial to know which aspects can influence the final material qualities. Among these, nanoparticle dispersion plays a crucial role in the mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites. The dispersion of graphene nanofillers is not a straightforward process since they tend to agglomerate due to van der Waals interactions. To promote de-agglomeration, various dispersion technologies are available. A survey of the literature regarding dispersion strategies and the accompanying mechanisms constitutes the core of the present review. Starting with a basic overview of difficulties associated with charging matrix materials with graphene and a short description of the properties of graphene, the review focuses on mechanisms governing graphene dispersion in epoxy. Furthermore, the physical and chemical techniques promoting effective dispersion are examined. Possible approaches for integrating dispersive technologies and adjusting dispersion quality are also discussed. Finally, the relationship between dispersion quality and the properties of graphene-epoxy composites and the characterization methods used to evaluate the quality of dispersion are critically analyzed. This comprehensive review highlights the advances, challenges, and future directions in achieving optimal dispersion of graphene in epoxy composites, emphasizing its significance for the development of high-performance materials.

石墨烯已成为增强聚合物复合材料，特别是环氧树脂性能的最有前途的材料之一。为了使石墨烯纳米颗粒在工业应用的复合基质系统中发挥最大的效益，了解哪些方面会影响最终的材料质量是至关重要的。其中，纳米颗粒的分散对聚合物纳米复合材料的力学性能起着至关重要的作用。石墨烯纳米填料的分散不是一个简单的过程，因为它们往往由于范德华相互作用而聚集。为了促进脱团聚，有多种分散技术可供选择。关于分散策略和相关机制的文献综述构成了本综述的核心。本文首先概述了用石墨烯给基体材料充电的困难，并简要介绍了石墨烯的性质，然后重点介绍了石墨烯在环氧树脂中的分散机制。此外，还探讨了促进有效分散的物理和化学技术。讨论了整合色散技术和调整色散质量的可能途径。最后，分析了分散体质量与石墨烯-环氧复合材料性能之间的关系，以及评价分散体质量的表征方法。本文综述了石墨烯在环氧复合材料中实现最佳分散的进展、挑战和未来方向，强调了其对高性能材料发展的重要意义。

{"title":"Graphene-enhanced epoxy composites: A comprehensive review of dispersion mechanisms, processing strategies, property optimization, characterization and sustainable innovations","authors":"Md Raju Ahmed, Leandro Maio, Prasad Potluri","doi":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Graphene has emerged as one of the most promising materials for enhancing the properties of polymer composites, particularly epoxy resins. In order to attain the greatest benefits of graphene nanoparticles in the production of composite matrix systems for industrial applications, it is crucial to know which aspects can influence the final material qualities. Among these, nanoparticle dispersion plays a crucial role in the mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites. The dispersion of graphene nanofillers is not a straightforward process since they tend to agglomerate due to van der Waals interactions. To promote de-agglomeration, various dispersion technologies are available. A survey of the literature regarding dispersion strategies and the accompanying mechanisms constitutes the core of the present review. Starting with a basic overview of difficulties associated with charging matrix materials with graphene and a short description of the properties of graphene, the review focuses on mechanisms governing graphene dispersion in epoxy. Furthermore, the physical and chemical techniques promoting effective dispersion are examined. Possible approaches for integrating dispersive technologies and adjusting dispersion quality are also discussed. Finally, the relationship between dispersion quality and the properties of graphene-epoxy composites and the characterization methods used to evaluate the quality of dispersion are critically analyzed. This comprehensive review highlights the advances, challenges, and future directions in achieving optimal dispersion of graphene in epoxy composites, emphasizing its significance for the development of high-performance materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54553,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Aerospace Sciences","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 101142"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A review of parameterization methods for airfoil design 翼型设计参数化方法综述

IF 16.2 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101140

M.G. Lauer, P.J. Ansell

Airfoil parameterization, or the description of airfoil geometry by a tractable set of parameters, has been the focus of a multitude of publications for nearly a century. The present work provides an explanation of and commentary on a large portion of these methods, as well as a summary of their use in airfoil design and optimization. Recommendations for using airfoil parameterization methods is provided, taking into account the type of airfoil design problem, as well as an updated review of current parameterization techniques. Additionally, a novel parameterization technique using

G^{2}

-continuous composite Bézier curves is introduced. This airfoil parameterization method is compared in terms of performance against a selection of other airfoil parameterization methods from the literature in a set of airfoil fitting problems. This comparison demonstrates that higher-order parameterization methods provide better fidelity of airfoil representation than the lower-order parameterization methods, both when applied to an NACA 0012 airfoil and an RAE 2822 airfoil. The composite Bézier approach also gave excellent results used to define other well-known airfoils. A comparison of aerodynamic shape optimizations using these parameterization approaches further showed that higher-order methods like the degree-5 B-spline and degree-6 Bézier provide a more effective optimal design, when compared to lower-order methods.

翼型参数化，或描述翼型几何由一套可处理的参数，已成为众多出版物的焦点近一个世纪。目前的工作提供了对这些方法的很大一部分的解释和评论，以及他们在翼型设计和优化使用的总结。建议使用翼型参数化方法提供，考虑到类型的翼型设计问题，以及更新的审查当前参数化技术。此外，还介绍了一种利用g2 -连续复合bassazier曲线进行参数化的新方法。这种翼型参数化方法是比较在性能方面对其他翼型参数化方法的选择从一组翼型拟合问题的文献。这一比较表明，高阶参数化方法提供了更好的保真度翼型表示比低阶参数化方法，既适用于NACA 0012翼型和RAE 2822翼型。复合bsamzier方法也给出了极好的结果用于定义其他知名的翼型。使用这些参数化方法进行气动形状优化的比较进一步表明，与低阶方法相比，高阶方法（如5次b样条和6次bsamizier）提供了更有效的优化设计。

{"title":"A review of parameterization methods for airfoil design","authors":"M.G. Lauer, P.J. Ansell","doi":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Airfoil parameterization, or the description of airfoil geometry by a tractable set of parameters, has been the focus of a multitude of publications for nearly a century. The present work provides an explanation of and commentary on a large portion of these methods, as well as a summary of their use in airfoil design and optimization. Recommendations for using airfoil parameterization methods is provided, taking into account the type of airfoil design problem, as well as an updated review of current parameterization techniques. Additionally, a novel parameterization technique using <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>G</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>-continuous composite Bézier curves is introduced. This airfoil parameterization method is compared in terms of performance against a selection of other airfoil parameterization methods from the literature in a set of airfoil fitting problems. This comparison demonstrates that higher-order parameterization methods provide better fidelity of airfoil representation than the lower-order parameterization methods, both when applied to an NACA 0012 airfoil and an RAE 2822 airfoil. The composite Bézier approach also gave excellent results used to define other well-known airfoils. A comparison of aerodynamic shape optimizations using these parameterization approaches further showed that higher-order methods like the degree-5 B-spline and degree-6 Bézier provide a more effective optimal design, when compared to lower-order methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54553,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Aerospace Sciences","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 101140"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative review of probabilistic frameworks for structural integrity in aeronautical and civil engineering design codes 航空和土木工程设计规范中结构完整性概率框架的比较研究

IF 16.2 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101141

Gabriele Capasso , Christian Gogu , Julien Baroth , Jean-Philippe Navarro , Martin Kempeneers

In structural engineering, uncertainties arising from various sources, such as variability in material properties, loading conditions, manufacturing discrepancies and model inaccuracies, can significantly impact the integrity and performance of structures. This paper presents a comprehensive review of probabilistic and semi-probabilistic frameworks used to address these uncertainties in the context of static strength assessment within the aeronautical and civil engineering domains. By comparing the approaches used in aeronautical engineering, specifically for large commercial aircraft, with those in civil engineering, this paper aims to identify best practices and assess their transferability between the two fields. The review covers legislative and certification requirements, structural testing, reliability assessment approaches as well as the determination and use of safety factors. Through this comparative analysis, the paper seeks to highlight the differences and similarities in managing uncertainties and ensuring structural integrity, ultimately providing insights that could enhance design practices in both domains.

在结构工程中，由各种来源引起的不确定性，如材料特性的变化、加载条件、制造差异和模型不准确，会严重影响结构的完整性和性能。本文介绍了用于解决航空和土木工程领域内静强度评估背景下这些不确定性的概率和半概率框架的全面审查。通过比较航空工程（特别是大型商用飞机）与土木工程中使用的方法，本文旨在确定最佳实践并评估它们在两个领域之间的可移植性。审查包括立法和认证要求、结构测试、可靠性评估方法以及安全因素的确定和使用。通过这种比较分析，本文试图强调在管理不确定性和确保结构完整性方面的差异和相似之处，最终提供可以增强这两个领域的设计实践的见解。

{"title":"Comparative review of probabilistic frameworks for structural integrity in aeronautical and civil engineering design codes","authors":"Gabriele Capasso , Christian Gogu , Julien Baroth , Jean-Philippe Navarro , Martin Kempeneers","doi":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In structural engineering, uncertainties arising from various sources, such as variability in material properties, loading conditions, manufacturing discrepancies and model inaccuracies, can significantly impact the integrity and performance of structures. This paper presents a comprehensive review of probabilistic and semi-probabilistic frameworks used to address these uncertainties in the context of static strength assessment within the aeronautical and civil engineering domains. By comparing the approaches used in aeronautical engineering, specifically for large commercial aircraft, with those in civil engineering, this paper aims to identify best practices and assess their transferability between the two fields. The review covers legislative and certification requirements, structural testing, reliability assessment approaches as well as the determination and use of safety factors. Through this comparative analysis, the paper seeks to highlight the differences and similarities in managing uncertainties and ensuring structural integrity, ultimately providing insights that could enhance design practices in both domains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54553,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Aerospace Sciences","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 101141"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A comprehensive review of extended reality and its application in aerospace engineering 扩展现实及其在航空航天工程中的应用综述

IF 16.2 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101118

Mohsen Rostami, Pratik Pradhan, Niraj Karki, Jeffery Omorodion, Parichehr Milani, Jafer Kamoonpuri, Han Yu Liu, Joon Chung

Extended Reality (XR) is a groundbreaking technology that is revolutionizing various industries, including aerospace engineering. As a leading field, aerospace is at the forefront of adopting XR to revolutionize its processes and maximize benefits. This comprehensive review explores the current state of XR technologies, their development and evaluation methodologies, and their diverse applications across the aerospace industry. The study begins by defining XR and its components - Augmented Reality (AR), Mixed Reality (MR), and Virtual Reality (VR)- detailing their input mechanisms, including haptics, eye-gaze tracking, brain-computer interfaces, gesture, and voice commands, alongside the integration of digital twin technologies and development platforms such as Unity and Unreal Engine. It then examines evaluation methods like workload assessment and situational awareness metrics to ensure usability and effectiveness. Key applications of XR in aerospace are categorized into engineering (design and optimization, assembly, and maintenance, repair, and overhaul), navigation (Head-Up Display [HUD], Head-Mounted Display [HMD], Degraded Visual Environment [DVE], vision systems, Air Traffic Control [ATC], and Urban Air Mobility [UAM]), training and simulation (aeronautical and astronautical), emerging services, and AI-driven implementations. The latter includes innovations in computer vision, recognition, pose estimation, and 3D reconstruction using cutting-edge technologies like LiDAR and Neural Radiance Fields. This review highlights the advancements and challenges of XR adoption in aerospace, providing a comprehensive resource for researchers, developers, and industry professionals aiming to harness XR's potential to enhance safety, efficiency, and innovation in this critical sector.

扩展现实（XR）是一项突破性的技术，正在改变包括航空航天工程在内的各个行业。作为一个领先的领域，航空航天处于采用XR革新其流程和最大化效益的最前沿。这篇综合综述探讨了XR技术的现状、发展和评估方法，以及它们在航空航天工业中的各种应用。该研究首先定义了XR及其组件——增强现实（AR）、混合现实（MR）和虚拟现实（VR）——详细介绍了它们的输入机制，包括触觉、眼球追踪、脑机接口、手势和语音命令，以及数字孪生技术和开发平台（如Unity和虚幻引擎）的集成。然后，它检查评估方法，如工作量评估和态势感知度量，以确保可用性和有效性。XR在航空航天领域的关键应用分为工程（设计和优化、装配和维护、维修和大修）、导航（平视显示器（HUD）、头戴式显示器（HMD）、退化视觉环境（DVE）、视觉系统、空中交通管制（ATC）和城市空中交通（UAM））、培训和模拟（航空和航天）、新兴服务和人工智能驱动的实现。后者包括计算机视觉、识别、姿态估计和使用激光雷达和神经辐射场等尖端技术的3D重建方面的创新。本综述强调了航空航天领域采用XR的进步和挑战，为研究人员、开发人员和行业专业人士提供了全面的资源，旨在利用XR的潜力来提高这一关键领域的安全性、效率和创新。

{"title":"A comprehensive review of extended reality and its application in aerospace engineering","authors":"Mohsen Rostami, Pratik Pradhan, Niraj Karki, Jeffery Omorodion, Parichehr Milani, Jafer Kamoonpuri, Han Yu Liu, Joon Chung","doi":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extended Reality (XR) is a groundbreaking technology that is revolutionizing various industries, including aerospace engineering. As a leading field, aerospace is at the forefront of adopting XR to revolutionize its processes and maximize benefits. This comprehensive review explores the current state of XR technologies, their development and evaluation methodologies, and their diverse applications across the aerospace industry. The study begins by defining XR and its components - Augmented Reality (AR), Mixed Reality (MR), and Virtual Reality (VR)- detailing their input mechanisms, including haptics, eye-gaze tracking, brain-computer interfaces, gesture, and voice commands, alongside the integration of digital twin technologies and development platforms such as Unity and Unreal Engine. It then examines evaluation methods like workload assessment and situational awareness metrics to ensure usability and effectiveness. Key applications of XR in aerospace are categorized into engineering (design and optimization, assembly, and maintenance, repair, and overhaul), navigation (Head-Up Display [HUD], Head-Mounted Display [HMD], Degraded Visual Environment [DVE], vision systems, Air Traffic Control [ATC], and Urban Air Mobility [UAM]), training and simulation (aeronautical and astronautical), emerging services, and AI-driven implementations. The latter includes innovations in computer vision, recognition, pose estimation, and 3D reconstruction using cutting-edge technologies like LiDAR and Neural Radiance Fields. This review highlights the advancements and challenges of XR adoption in aerospace, providing a comprehensive resource for researchers, developers, and industry professionals aiming to harness XR's potential to enhance safety, efficiency, and innovation in this critical sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54553,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Aerospace Sciences","volume":"157 ","pages":"Article 101118"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0