Progress in Aerospace Sciences最新文献_第6页

Review of unsteady aerodynamic problems and control strategies for the blade tip flow of axial compressors 轴流压气机叶尖非定常气动问题及控制策略综述

IF 11.5 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2024.101063

Yanhui Wu , Xiang Zhang , Fan Yang , Stephen Spence

When axial compressors operate under high-loading conditions, inherent unsteady flow phenomena emerge in the tip region as a consequence of the tip leakage flow. These aerodynamic phenomena are collectively known as tip flow unsteadiness. It has been proven that tip flow unsteadiness not only serves as an excitation source of both non-synchronous vibration and tip noise but is also the cause of short-length-scale stall inception. These structural and aerodynamic problems have become common issues in highly loaded axial compressors, which require a breakthrough in the study of tip flow unsteadiness. This article begins with a review of past research on unsteady tip flow phenomena, examining them from the perspectives of self-excited unsteadiness and rotating instability (RI). Detailed discussions are presented on the relationships between RI and tip clearance noise, non-synchronous vibrations, and stall inceptions. This is followed by explanations for the origin of the tip flow unsteadiness. Six theories proposed in existing literature are classified, including vortex shedding, tip leakage vortex breakdown, the interaction between tip leakage flow and adjacent flow, rotating instability vortex, tip secondary vortex, and shear layer instability. There have been only limited investigations of control techniques aimed at suppressing tip flow unsteadiness. These methods are classified according to their control mechanisms and the corresponding control effects are presented. Additionally, recommendations for future advancements in these fields are presented.

轴流压气机在高负荷工况下运行时，由于叶尖泄漏流动，在叶尖区域产生固有的非定常流动现象。这些空气动力学现象统称为叶尖流动不稳定。研究表明，叶尖流动的非定常性不仅是非同步振动和叶尖噪声的激励源，而且是引起短长度尺度失速的原因。这些结构和气动问题已成为高负荷轴流压气机的普遍问题，这就要求在叶尖非定常研究方面取得突破。本文首先从自激不稳定和旋转不稳定的角度对非定常叶尖流动现象的研究进行了综述。详细讨论了RI与叶尖间隙噪声、非同步振动和失速开始之间的关系。接下来是对叶尖流动不稳定的起源的解释。现有文献中提出的六种理论包括：旋涡脱落、叶尖泄漏涡击穿、叶尖泄漏流与邻近流的相互作用、旋转不稳定涡、叶尖二次涡和剪切层不稳定。针对抑制叶尖流动不稳定的控制技术的研究非常有限。根据控制机理对这些方法进行了分类，并给出了相应的控制效果。此外，对这些领域的未来发展提出了建议。

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引用次数: 0

Energy demand comparison for carbon-neutral flight 碳中和飞行的能源需求比较

IF 11.5 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

Pub Date : 2024-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2024.101051

Eytan J. Adler, Joaquim R.R.A. Martins

Aviation’s emissions are among the hardest to eliminate. There are a handful of solutions: battery-electric propulsion, hydrogen fuel cells, hydrogen combustion, and synthetic hydrocarbon fuel produced with carbon from the air. All of these solutions rely on renewable electricity, a resource that will be in short supply as other industries use it to decarbonize. Depending on the flight distance and speed, some carbon-neutral aircraft types demand less renewable electricity, while others are infeasible. Previous work focuses on the cost and climate impact of these alternative fuels and their effects on individual aircraft designs, but not when each solution is viable. We determine the cruise speed and flight range limitations of each. We find that battery-electric aircraft are the most efficient option for short flights, and a combination of hydrogen combustion and fuel cell aircraft are most efficient when batteries are too heavy. We also show that battery and fuel cell technology improvements could enable them to serve all missions. Determining the potential and limitations of different sustainable aircraft enables future efforts to focus on the most impactful technologies.

航空业的排放是最难消除的。有几个解决方案：电池电力推进、氢燃料电池、氢燃烧和用空气中的碳生产的合成碳氢化合物燃料。所有这些解决方案都依赖于可再生电力，随着其他行业使用可再生电力来脱碳，这种资源将会供不应求。根据飞行距离和速度的不同，一些碳中和型飞机对可再生电力的需求更少，而另一些则不可行。以前的工作主要集中在这些替代燃料的成本和气候影响，以及它们对单个飞机设计的影响，但不是在每个解决方案都可行的情况下。我们确定了每架飞机的巡航速度和飞行距离限制。我们发现，对于短途飞行来说，电池电动飞机是最有效的选择，当电池太重时，氢燃烧和燃料电池飞机的结合是最有效的。我们还表明，电池和燃料电池技术的改进可以使它们服务于所有任务。确定不同可持续飞机的潜力和局限性，可以使未来的努力集中在最具影响力的技术上。

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引用次数: 0

A definition, conceptual framework, and pathway towards sustainable aviation 定义、概念框架和实现可持续航空的途径

IF 11.5 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2024.101050

E.G. Waddington, P.J. Ansell

Sustainable aviation is a frequently discussed concept in contemporary aviation literature, industry, and policy. However, a review of definitions for sustainable aviation indicates that there is limited agreement as to what sustainable aviation entails. Most definitions include an increase in aircraft efficiency or introduce alternate energy systems in an attempt to decrease overall emissions, but fall short of considering the broader effects of aviation on the globe and its inhabitants. To make progress towards sustainable aviation, it is necessary to synthesize a definition for sustainable aviation from the key elements of aviation and sustainability. Sustainable aviation is the process of creating the air transportation system that maintains the connectivity of communities and mobility of people, goods, and services while minimizing negative impacts to human health, fostering productive quality of life, and conserving natural resources. We then apply this definition to create a theoretical framework, the Five Circles of Sustainable Aviation, which can be utilized to establish sustainability goals for the broad aviation ecosystem. We then apply the theoretical framework to the sustainability of contemporary and concept aircraft. We provide an example sustainability metric analysis that subdivides the Five Circles of Sustainable Aviation into a series of preliminary, illustrative, quantitative and qualitative metrics that can be used to assess aviation systems for their sustainability performance. The importance of applying this framework within a system-of-systems perspective of the aviation value stream is emphasized, with can be used for the practical development of engineered systems pursuant to these sustainability goals. We also address the effects of our definition and sustainable aviation perspective to governance, education, regulation, and safety. Finally, we provide context for the historical perspectives of aviation and sustainability from which we synthesize our definition and tools.

可持续航空是当代航空文献、行业和政策中经常讨论的一个概念。然而，对可持续航空定义的审查表明，人们对可持续航空的内涵达成的一致意见有限。大多数定义包括提高飞机效率或引入替代能源系统，以试图减少总体排放量，但没有考虑到航空对全球及其居民的更广泛影响。为了在可持续航空方面取得进展，有必要从航空和可持续发展的关键要素中综合出一个可持续航空的定义。可持续航空是创建航空运输系统的过程，该系统既能保持社区的连通性以及人员、货物和服务的流动性，又能最大限度地减少对人类健康的负面影响，提高生活质量，保护自然资源。然后，我们运用这一定义创建了一个理论框架，即可持续航空五环，可用于为广泛的航空生态系统制定可持续发展目标。然后，我们将该理论框架应用于当代飞机和概念飞机的可持续发展。我们提供了一个可持续性指标分析示例，将可持续航空五环细分为一系列初步的、说明性的定量和定性指标，可用于评估航空系统的可持续性表现。我们强调了在航空价值流的系统视角下应用该框架的重要性，该框架可用于根据这些可持续发展目标对工程系统进行实际开发。我们还讨论了我们的定义和可持续航空视角对治理、教育、监管和安全的影响。最后，我们提供了航空和可持续发展的历史背景，并从中总结出我们的定义和工具。

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引用次数: 0

Progress and prospects of artificial intelligence development and applications in supersonic flow and combustion 人工智能在超声速流动与燃烧中的发展与应用进展与展望

IF 11.5 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2024.101046

Jialing Le , Maotao Yang , Mingming Guo , Ye Tian , Hua Zhang

Due to the significant improvement in computing power and the rapid advancement of data processing technologies, artificial intelligence (AI) has introduced new tools and methodologies to address the challenges posed by high nonlinearity and strong coupling characteristics in traditional supersonic flow and combustion. This article reviews the considerable progress AI has made in applications within the fields of supersonic flow and combustion, covering three main aspects: intelligent turbulence combustion simulation, supersonic flow field intelligent reconstruction based on deep learning, and the intelligent design of the full-flow passage of supersonic engines. In recent years, the field of turbulent combustion has seen the utilization of large volume of data combined with implementation of advanced machine learning models, enabling accurate predictions of combustion efficiency and optimization of the combustion process. Flow field intelligent reconstruction employs deep learning networks to accurately reconstruct the detailed information of the entire flow field from limited observational data, enhancing the capacity to analyze and predict supersonic flows. The intelligent design of the full-flow passage of supersonic engines has led to efficient design and optimization of complex flow systems through the integration of advanced optimization algorithms and AI technology. These advancements have driven the development of supersonic flow and combustion theories and provided innovative solutions for related engineering applications. Finally, the challenges and future applications of machine learning in combustion research are discussed.

由于计算能力的显著提高和数据处理技术的快速发展，人工智能（AI）引入了新的工具和方法来解决传统超声速流动和燃烧的高非线性和强耦合特性所带来的挑战。本文综述了人工智能在超声速流动与燃烧领域的应用取得的长足进展，主要包括三个方面：智能湍流燃烧模拟、基于深度学习的超声速流场智能重构以及超声速发动机全流道的智能设计。近年来，湍流燃烧领域已经看到大量数据的利用与先进机器学习模型的实施相结合，能够准确预测燃烧效率和优化燃烧过程。流场智能重建采用深度学习网络，从有限的观测数据中精确地重建整个流场的详细信息，增强了超声速流动的分析和预测能力。超声速发动机全流道的智能化设计，将先进的优化算法与人工智能技术相结合，实现了复杂流动系统的高效设计与优化。这些进步推动了超声速流动和燃烧理论的发展，并为相关工程应用提供了创新的解决方案。最后，讨论了机器学习在燃烧研究中的挑战和未来应用。

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引用次数: 0

Robotic manipulators for in-orbit servicing and active debris removal: Review and comparison 用于在轨维修和主动碎片清除的机器人机械手：回顾与比较

IF 11.5 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2024.101055

Tomasz Rybus

Due to the growing threat from space debris and the accelerating increase in the number of active satellites, Active Debris Removal (ADR) and In-Orbit Servicing (IOS) missions are currently being developed. A robotic manipulator mounted on a servicing satellite will enable precise grasping of a target object and is needed to perform complex servicing tasks. This paper presents a comprehensive review of robotic manipulators developed for ADR and IOS missions. This review includes the manipulators that have already been used in orbital missions, those developed in the past for missions that were cancelled, technology demonstrators, and the manipulators currently in development for planned missions. The review includes the following manipulators: the Shuttle Remote Manipulator System, the manipulator developed for the ETS-VII mission, the Orbital Express Demonstration Manipulator System, the manipulator developed for the DEOS mission, the CAESAR, the LARAD, the VISPA, the WMS 1 Lemur, the TITAN, the FREND, the STAARK, and the TINA manipulators. Small manipulators designed for nanosatellites are also reviewed. Basic parameters of manipulators, such as the number of degrees of freedom, mass, and length, are compared. The Denavit-Hartenberg parameters and kinematic structures of the selected manipulators are presented. The paper includes a discussion of specific design features, such as the manipulator joint design. Finally, recent trends and future prospects are explored.

由于空间碎片的威胁日益增大，在役卫星的数量加速增加，目前正在开发主动碎片清除（ADR）和在轨服务（IOS）任务。安装在维修卫星上的机器人机械手可以精确抓取目标物体，是执行复杂维修任务所必需的。本文全面回顾了为 ADR 和 IOS 任务开发的机器人机械手。审查内容包括已在轨道任务中使用过的机械手、过去为已取消的任务开发的机械手、技术演示器，以及目前正在为计划中的任务开发的机械手。审查包括以下操纵器：航天飞机遥控操纵器系统、为 ETS-VII 任务开发的操纵器、轨道快车演示操纵器系统、为 DEOS 任务开发的操纵器、CAESAR、LARAD、VISPA、WMS 1 Lemur、TITAN、FREND、STAARK 和 TINA 操纵器。此外还回顾了为纳卫星设计的小型机械手。比较了机械手的基本参数，如自由度数、质量和长度。介绍了所选机械手的 Denavit-Hartenberg 参数和运动学结构。论文还讨论了具体的设计特点，如机械手的关节设计。最后，还探讨了最近的发展趋势和未来前景。

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引用次数: 0

Retro-propulsion in rocket systems: Recent advancements and challenges for the prediction of aerodynamic characteristics and thermal loads 火箭系统中的反推力：气动特性和热负荷预测的最新进展和挑战

IF 11.5 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2024.101044

Tamas Bykerk, Sebastian Karl, Mariasole Laureti, Moritz Ertl, Tobias Ecker

This paper presents a review of recent literature on the application of retro-propulsion in earth based rocket systems, with a specific focus on the recent advancements and challenges associated with the prediction of aerothermal and aerodynamic characteristics of re-usable boosters. It gives an overview of current system architectures and mission profiles, while discussing the trends in future vehicle design. The effects of various flight conditions on thermal loads and vehicle aerodynamics are discussed, with particular attention given to the interactions between plume and vehicle, as well as the interplay between individual nozzle exhausts. A short evaluation of wind tunnel testing capabilities and scaling challenges is given, before the use of computational fluid dynamics for retro-propulsion applications is discussed. Finally, a summary is given, which emphasises future needs surrounding the accurate prediction of the vehicle aerothermal and aerodynamic characteristics.

本文综述了有关在地基火箭系统中应用反推力的最新文献，特别侧重于与可重复使用助推器气热和气动特性预测相关的最新进展和挑战。它概述了当前的系统结构和任务概况，同时讨论了未来飞行器设计的趋势。讨论了各种飞行条件对热负荷和飞行器空气动力学的影响，特别关注了烟羽和飞行器之间的相互作用，以及单个喷嘴排气之间的相互作用。在讨论计算流体动力学在反推应用中的应用之前，对风洞试验能力和扩展挑战进行了简短评估。最后，进行了总结，强调了未来在准确预测飞行器气动和热动特性方面的需求。

引用次数: 0

Compressible vortex loops and their interactions 可压缩涡环及其相互作用

IF 11.5 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2024.101048

Murugan Thangadurai , Konstantinos Kontis , Craig White , Abhishek Kundu

Vortex loops are compact toroidal structures wherein fluid rotation forms a closed loop around a fictitious axis, manifest in many natural occurrences. These phenomena result from brief impulses through vents or apertures in fluid systems, such as in caves, volcanic crusts, downbursts, or the descent of liquid droplets. The majority of naturally occurring and laboratory-generated vortex loops, studied for fundamental research on their formation, growth, instability, and dissolution, are classified as incompressible. This categorisation denotes negligible alterations in thermodynamic properties within the vortex loop. However, a distinct category of vortex loops emerges from processes involving artillery, shock tubes, explosions, chemical interactions, and combustion. This class primarily constitutes compressible vortex loops. Their presence in flow fields spans over a century, and they have been observed since the application of open-ended shock tubes to explore phenomena like diffracting shock waves, blast wave interactions with objects, and noise mitigation. The study and comprehension of compressible vortex loops and their interactions have historically relied heavily on optical techniques, lacking comprehensive insight into the intricate flow dynamics. Nevertheless, the advancements in flow visualisation tools and computational capabilities in the 21st century have significantly aided scientists in scrutinising and characterising these vortex loops and their interactions in intricate detail. Unfortunately, a comprehensive review of the literature addressing compressible vortex loops originating from shock tubes, their evolution, and interactions with shockwaves and various objects, including walls, appears lacking. This review article aims to address this gap.

旋涡环是一种紧凑的环状结构，流体旋转时会围绕一个虚构的轴形成一个闭合的环，在许多自然现象中都会出现。这些现象产生于流体系统中的喷口或孔隙，如洞穴、火山壳、下冲或液滴下降时的短暂脉冲。大多数自然产生和实验室产生的涡旋环都被归类为不可压缩的，这些涡旋环是为了对其形成、增长、不稳定性和溶解进行基础研究而产生的。这种分类表示涡旋环内热力学特性的改变可以忽略不计。然而，在涉及火炮、冲击管、爆炸、化学作用和燃烧的过程中，会出现一类不同的涡旋环。这一类主要是可压缩旋涡环。它们在流场中的存在时间已超过一个世纪，自从应用开口冲击管来探索衍射冲击波、爆炸波与物体的相互作用以及减噪等现象以来，人们就一直在观察它们。对可压缩涡流环及其相互作用的研究和理解历来主要依赖光学技术，缺乏对错综复杂的流动动力学的全面了解。然而，21 世纪流动可视化工具和计算能力的进步极大地帮助了科学家对这些涡旋环及其相互作用的复杂细节进行研究和描述。遗憾的是，关于源自冲击管的可压缩涡旋环、其演变以及与冲击波和各种物体（包括墙壁）的相互作用的文献综述似乎还很缺乏。这篇综述文章旨在填补这一空白。

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引用次数: 0

A comprehensive review of lunar-based manufacturing and construction 全面审查月球制造和建设

IF 11.5 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2024.101045

Mohammad Azami , Zahra Kazemi , Sare Moazen , Martine Dubé , Marie-Josée Potvin , Krzysztof Skonieczny

As humankind prepares to establish outposts and infrastructure on the Moon, the ability to manufacture parts and buildings on-site is crucial. While transporting raw materials from Earth can be costly and time-consuming, in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) presents an attractive alternative. This review paper aims to provide a thorough examination of the current state and future potential of Lunar-based manufacturing and construction (LBMC), with a particular focus on the prospect of utilizing in-situ resources and additive manufacturing. The paper analyzes existing research on LBMC from various perspectives, including different manufacturing techniques and compositions, the potential of ISRU for LBMC, characterization of built parts and structures, the role of energy sources and efficiency, the impact of low-gravity and vacuum conditions, and the feasibility of using artificial intelligence, automation, and robotics. By synthesizing these findings, this review offers valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead for LBMC.

随着人类准备在月球上建立前哨站和基础设施，现场制造零部件和建筑物的能力至关重要。从地球运输原材料既昂贵又耗时，而原地资源利用（ISRU）则是一种极具吸引力的替代方案。这篇综述论文旨在对月基制造和建筑（LBMC）的现状和未来潜力进行深入研究，尤其关注利用原地资源和增材制造的前景。论文从不同角度分析了现有的月基制造和建造研究，包括不同的制造技术和成分、国际空间研究利用计划（ISRU）在月基制造和建造方面的潜力、建造部件和结构的特征、能源的作用和效率、低重力和真空条件的影响，以及使用人工智能、自动化和机器人技术的可行性。通过综合这些研究成果，本综述对枸杞多糖未来面临的挑战和机遇提出了宝贵的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Space sails for achieving major space exploration goals: Historical review and future outlook 用于实现主要太空探索目标的太空帆船：历史回顾与未来展望

IF 11.5 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2024.101047

Maximilien Berthet , James Schalkwyk , Onur Çelik , Debdut Sengupta , Ken Fujino , Andreas M. Hein , Luciana Tenorio , Josué Cardoso dos Santos , S. Peter Worden , Philip D. Mauskopf , Yasuyuki Miyazaki , Ikkoh Funaki , Shinjiro Tsuji , Piotr Fil , Kojiro Suzuki

Space sails are a continuum of lightweight, thin, large-area, deployable technologies which are pushing forward new frontiers in space mobility and exploration. They encompass solar sails, laser-driven sails, drag sails, magnetic sails, electric sails, deployable membrane reflectors, deployable membrane antennas, and solar power sails. Some have been flight tested with operational heritage, while some are concepts planned to reach maturity in the coming decades. The number of flown and planned missions has increased rapidly in the past fifteen years. In this context, it is time to recognise the advantages of space sails for supporting the achievement of a wide range of major space exploration goals. This paper evaluates, for the first time, synergies between the broad spectrum of space sail technologies, and major space exploration ambitions around the world. The study begins by looking to the past, performing a global, historical review of space sails and related enabling technologies. The current state of the art is mapped against this technological heritage. Looking to the future, a review of major space exploration goals in the next decades is conducted, highlighting domains where space sails may offer transformational opportunities. It is hoped that this paper will further the ongoing transition of space sails from a promising flight-proven technology into a go-to component of space mission programme planning.

太空帆船是一系列轻质、薄型、大面积、可展开的技术，正在推动太空移动和探索的新领域。它们包括太阳帆、激光驱动帆、阻力帆、磁帆、电帆、可部署膜反射器、可部署膜天线和太阳能帆。其中一些已进行了飞行测试，取得了运行遗产，而另一些则是计划在未来几十年内达到成熟的概念。在过去 15 年中，已飞行和计划飞行的任务数量迅速增加。在这种情况下，现在应该认识到空间帆板在支持实现各种主要空间探索目标方面的优势。本文首次评估了广泛的空间帆板技术与全球主要太空探索目标之间的协同作用。研究从过去开始，对空间帆板和相关使能技术进行了全球历史回顾。目前的技术水平与这一技术遗产相对照。展望未来，对未来几十年的主要空间探索目标进行了回顾，突出了空间帆船可能提供变革机会的领域。希望本文将推动空间帆船从一项经过飞行验证的有前途的技术不断过渡到空间飞行任务方案规划的一个重要组成部分。

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引用次数: 0

Responsive tolerant control: An approach to extend adaptability of launch vehicles 反应容限控制：扩展运载火箭适应性的方法

IF 11.5 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.paerosci.2024.101028

Zhengyu Song , Hao Pan , Menghan Shao

This paper reviews the development and state-of-the-art research of attitude control technologies for launch vehicles, as well as the application evaluations of the responsive tolerant control (RTC) technology. First, the control theories and methods related to launch vehicles are classified and surveyed. Although studies in this field are still active, many new methods have not exhibited impressive advantages over a well-tuned gain scheduling-based traditional solution when dealing with a complete rigid–flexible-sloshing model, and few have been adopted for in-flight use. The conservatism in applications stems from the distinctive dynamical characteristics of launch vehicles, which are discussed in detail thereafter. However, as traditional methods also face challenges in meeting the increasing new requirements, an innovative solution, namely RTC, has gradually found its role in robust launch vehicle applications. The RTC differs from the concept of adaptive control in that it has no effect under most conventional operations but responds to certain scenarios in a timely manner, and these scenarios include unmodeled modes, unforeseen disturbances far beyond prescribed limits, and unexpected failures where the fundamental assumptions implied in the feedback control theories or design guidelines are violated. After introducing a practical architecture of RTC, three methods are reviewed and their limitations are analyzed: an adaptive gain and damping adjustment method to deal with unmodeled modes, an angular-acceleration-based active load-relief method to reduce bending moments, and online identification and reconstruction of the command mapping relationship to counter the polarity errors. The RTC introduced in the paper has been validated from an applied and computational domain by flights or simulations with high fidelity, thus effectively improving the robustness and the adaptability of launch vehicles.

本文回顾了运载火箭姿态控制技术的发展和最新研究成果，以及响应容限控制（RTC）技术的应用评估。首先，对与运载火箭相关的控制理论和方法进行了分类和调查。尽管该领域的研究仍在积极进行，但与基于增益调度的传统解决方案相比，许多新方法在处理完整的刚柔相济的滑移模型时并未表现出令人印象深刻的优势，而且很少被用于飞行中。应用中的保守性源于运载火箭独特的动态特性，这将在下文中详细讨论。然而，由于传统方法在满足日益增长的新要求方面也面临挑战，一种创新的解决方案，即 RTC，已逐渐在稳健的运载火箭应用中发挥作用。RTC 与自适应控制的概念不同，它在大多数常规操作下不起作用，但会对某些情况做出及时响应，这些情况包括未建模的模式、远远超出规定限制的不可预见的干扰，以及违反反馈控制理论或设计准则中隐含的基本假设的意外故障。在介绍了 RTC 的实用架构后，本文回顾了三种方法并分析了它们的局限性：用于处理未建模模式的自适应增益和阻尼调整方法、用于减少弯矩的基于角加速度的主动负载缓解方法，以及用于消除极性误差的指令映射关系在线识别和重建方法。文中介绍的 RTC 已在应用和计算领域通过飞行或高保真模拟进行了验证，从而有效提高了运载火箭的鲁棒性和适应性。

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引用次数: 0