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Effect of microclimate and photosynthesis on strawberry reproductive growth in a greenhouse: using cumulative leaf photosynthesis as an index to predict the time of harvest 小气候和光合作用对温室草莓生殖生长的影响——以叶片累积光合作用为指标预测收获期
4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2023-09-10 DOI: 10.1080/14620316.2023.2254759
Shintaro Ono, Daisuke Yasutake, Kensuke Kimura, I Kengo, Yoshiya Teruya, Kota Hidaka, Gaku Yokoyama, Tomoyoshi Hirota, Masaharu Kitano, Takashi Okayasu, Yukio Ozaki
We evaluate whether cumulative photosynthesis (An,C) could predict the time of harvest in strawberry better than light (IC) or temperature (Ta,C) as forecast indices. We monitored the daily dynamics of flowering, fruit set, and harvest in over 2,700 fruits across the growing season in a greenhouse in Japan. Photosynthesis was calculated using a biochemical model, and An,C calculated by totalling the cumulative rate from flowering to harvest in each fruit. IC and Ta,C were calculated by totalling daily cumulative light intensity and average temperature. A new index (D) was defined as the normalised variation of An,C, IC, and Ta,C, and a statistical analysis was conducted on the means for each index. The results showed that An,C had the lowest D (0.114), suggesting that it was a better index for predicting the time of harvest. This study suggests the importance of considering the accumulation of photosynthates in individual fruit, which cannot be achieved by IC or Ta,C, these results can be used to improve the forecasting and optimisation of yield. However, further research is required to substantiate these claims.
我们评价了累积光合作用(An,C)作为预测草莓收获期的指标是否比光(IC)或温度(Ta,C)更好。我们在日本的一个温室里监测了超过2700种水果在整个生长季节开花、结实和收获的日常动态。光合作用是用生化模型计算的,An,C是通过计算每个果实从开花到收获的累积速率来计算的。IC和Ta、C由日累计光照强度和平均温度计算。定义一个新的指数(D)为An,C, IC和Ta,C的归一化变化,并对每个指数的平均值进行统计分析。结果表明,a、C的D值最低(0.114),是较好的预测收获期指标。本研究表明,考虑单果光合产物积累的重要性,这是IC或Ta,C无法实现的,这些结果可用于提高产量的预测和优化。然而,需要进一步的研究来证实这些说法。
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引用次数: 0
Effective Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) and generation of RNAi plants resistant to Begomovirus infecting okra 农杆菌介导的秋葵有效遗传转化及抗秋葵begomschus esculentus L. RNAi植株的生成
4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2023-09-10 DOI: 10.1080/14620316.2023.2251978
Nity Sharma, Navraj Kaur Sarao, Prashant Mohanpuria, Abhishek Sharma
Okra is an important vegetable crop of the Malvaceae family and is infected by varying numbers of viruses of the genus Begomovirus. Regardless of the importance of the crop, very little consideration has been given to its genetic improvement. RNA interference (RNAi), a potent biotechnological tool, is known to control Begomovirus in many crops. For the implementation of successful RNAi, there is a need for an efficient genetic transformation system in okra. In the present study, we developed a procedure for Agrobacterium-mediated tissue culture–dependent regeneration of okra plants for the application of RNAi. Eleven transgenic okra RNAi plants were regenerated by utilising hypocotyls as explants. Transformed plants were screened with hygromycin at the regeneration stage and the presence of transgenes (AC1, AC2 & AC4 codes for replication-associated protein, transcriptional activator protein and suppressor of PTGS) in putative transformed plants was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Wild and transgenic lines were challenged with a dimeric Begomovirus clone or viruliferous whiteflies and the level of resistance was estimated with quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) by utilising viral gene–specific primers. The resistant transgenic lines accumulated very low titres of viral gene products according to the qRT-PCR assays compared to the control plants. This is the first report of tissue culture–mediated RNAi-derived resistance in okra against Begomovirus infection.
秋葵是锦葵科一种重要的蔬菜作物,可感染不同数量的begomvirus属病毒。尽管这种作物很重要,但对其遗传改良却很少考虑。RNA干扰(RNAi)是一种有效的生物技术手段,可以控制许多作物中的begomavirus。为了成功地实施RNAi,需要一个有效的秋葵遗传转化系统。在本研究中,我们开发了一种应用RNAi的农杆菌介导的秋葵组织培养依赖再生方法。以下胚轴为外植体再生了11株转基因秋葵RNAi植株。在再生阶段用潮霉素筛选转化植株,并通过聚合酶链反应(PCR)证实了转基因植株(复制相关蛋白、转录激活蛋白和PTGS抑制基因的AC1、AC2和AC4编码)的存在。用二聚体贝古莫病毒克隆或带毒白蝇攻毒野生系和转基因系,利用病毒基因特异性引物,利用实时定量逆转录酶PCR (qRT-PCR)估计抗性水平。根据qRT-PCR分析,与对照植株相比,抗性转基因株系积累的病毒基因产物滴度非常低。这是首次报道组织培养介导的rnai衍生的秋葵抗Begomovirus感染的耐药性。
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引用次数: 0
The characterisation of phytoene synthase-1 and 2, and 1-D-deoxy-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase genes from red chilli pepper (Capsicum annuum) 红辣椒植物烯合成酶-1、2和1- d -脱氧木糖5-磷酸合成酶基因的鉴定
4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2023-05-17 DOI: 10.1080/14620316.2023.2211593
Harriet M. Berry, Nan Zhou, Daniel V. Rickett, Charles J. Baxter, Eugenia M. A. Enfissi, Paul D. Fraser
The red colouration of ripe chilli pepper fruit is due to the presence of the carotenoid capsanthin. 1-D-deoxy-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase (DXS) and phytoene synthase(s) (PSY) are influential biosynthetic steps in the carotenoid pathway. A panel of chilli accessions for varying fruit colour intensity revealed the correlation of carotenoid content with PSY and DXS transcript levels. The PSY and DXS genes were sequenced from high and low carotenoid genotypes to deduce potential allelic variation. PSY-1 and -2 showed tissue-specific expression, with PSY-1 and -2 expressed in chromoplast and chloroplast containing tissues, respectively. Protein modelling, phylogenetic analysis and transcription factor analysis were conducted to understand how the allelic variation identified could affect carotenoid biosynthesis and regulation, and subsequently colour intensity phenotype. A candidate mutation located in the transit peptide of the PSY-1 protein sequence was identified in the low colour intensity genotype. Sequence variation within the promoter region of the DXS gene present in the high colour intensity genotype was determined in the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate binding motif (GAPF). These data can be exploited to develop tools and resources for the breeding of high colour intensity chilli pepper fruit.
成熟辣椒果实的红色是由于类胡萝卜素辣椒素的存在。1- d -脱氧木糖5-磷酸合成酶(DXS)和植物烯合成酶(PSY)是类胡萝卜素途径中重要的生物合成步骤。一组不同果实颜色强度的辣椒材料揭示了类胡萝卜素含量与PSY和DXS转录水平的相关性。对高、低类胡萝卜素基因型的PSY和DXS基因进行测序,推断潜在的等位基因变异。PSY-1和psy -2表现出组织特异性表达,PSY-1和psy -2分别在含染色质和含叶绿体的组织中表达。通过蛋白质建模、系统发育分析和转录因子分析来了解所鉴定的等位基因变异如何影响类胡萝卜素的生物合成和调控,以及随后的颜色强度表型。在低颜色强度基因型中发现了一个位于PSY-1蛋白序列传递肽的候选突变。高颜色强度基因型DXS基因启动子区域的序列变异在甘油醛3-磷酸结合基序(GAPF)中确定。这些数据可用于开发高色强辣椒果实育种的工具和资源。
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引用次数: 0
Transcriptome analysis of Lilium Oriental × Trumpet hybrid roots reveals auxin-related genes and stress-related genes involved in picloram-induced somatic embryogenesis induction 对东方百合×小喇叭杂交根的转录组分析揭示了生长素相关基因和胁迫相关基因参与皮氯兰诱导体细胞胚胎发生的过程
IF 1.9 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2019-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/14620316.2018.1500086
Chen Minmin, Zhang Jianjun, Zhou Yin, Liu Shuigen, Fang Xiaofen, Y. Liuyan, Guanshen Yuan, Zhang Yongchun
ABSTRACTHighly efficient somatic embryogenesis (SE) initiation systems are crucial for the clonal propagation and genetic transformation of Lilium Oriental × Trumpet hybrid. To elucidate the underlying mechanism of SE induction, we conducted de novo transcriptome sequencing of the roots at four different times in relation to SE initiation (0 days, control; 20 days, embryogenic callus induction (ECI) 1; 40 days, ECI2; 55 days, ECI3). A total of 4621, 7582, and 7427 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from the ECI1 vs. control, ECI2 vs. control, and ECI3 vs. control comparisons, respectively. The gene-enrichment analysis revealed 54 significant DEGs. Further analysis showed that the transcript levels of the auxin-related genes ARF9/15/16, the abscisic acid-related (ABA-related) genes PYL4/9, and stress-related transcription factors, including WRKY26, MYB36, NAC100, bHLH2/5/18/112, and HSP90, were increased at the ECI1 stage. ABI5 can influence the expression of stress-responsive genes as a...
摘要高效的体胚发生起始系统是东方百合×小喇叭杂种克隆繁殖和遗传转化的关键。为了阐明SE诱导的潜在机制,我们在4个不同时间对根进行了从头转录组测序(0天,对照;20 d,胚性愈伤组织诱导(ECI) 1;40天,ECI2;55天,ECI3)。ECI1与对照组、ECI2与对照组、ECI3与对照组的差异表达基因(deg)分别为4621、7582和7427个。基因富集分析显示54个显著的deg。进一步分析发现,生长素相关基因ARF9/15/16、脱落酸相关(aba)基因PYL4/9以及胁迫相关转录因子WRKY26、MYB36、NAC100、bHLH2/5/18/112和HSP90在ECI1阶段的转录水平均有所升高。ABI5可以影响应激反应基因的表达。
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引用次数: 5
Molecular cloning of potassium transporter gene, MaHAK5 of mulberry (Morus alba L.) and gene expression and biochemistry analysis under potassium stress 桑钾转运蛋白基因MaHAK5的分子克隆及其在钾胁迫下的表达和生化分析
IF 1.9 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14620316.2018.1470909
Dandan Chen, Ackon Justice Afriyie, Ruixue Li, Kotoka Dominic, Long Li, Rongfang Li, Weiguo Zhao
ABSTRACTPotassium (K +) is one of the many elements necessary for plant growth and development, and is the only one that plants need to have a higher concentration of cation. In order to cope with ...
钾(K+)是植物生长发育所需的多种元素之一,也是植物唯一需要具有更高浓度阳离子的元素。为了应对。。。
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引用次数: 5
Silicon promotes seedling growth and alters endogenous IAA, GA3 and ABA concentrations in Glycyrrhiza uralensis under 100 mM NaCl stress 在100mM NaCl胁迫下,硅促进甘草幼苗生长并改变其内源IAA、GA3和ABA浓度
IF 1.9 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14620316.2018.1450097
D. Lang, P. Fei, G. Cao, X. Jia, Y. T. Li, X. Zhang
ABSTRACTA sand culture experiment was conducted to determine the effects of Si on the growth and endogenous hormone concentrations (indole-3-acetic acid [IAA], gibberellic acid [GA3], and abscisic acid [ABA]) in Glycyrrhiza uralensis seedlings under 100 mM NaCl stress. Si time-dependently improved the growth and increased the biomass of seedlings, and the effect was greater at 20 days than that at 10 days after Si treatment. The effects of Si on the growth parameters and biomass were dependent on Si concentration, that is, these parameters increased with increasing Si concentration. Si also increased the levels of endogenous hormones in G. uralensis seedlings in a concentration-dependent manner. The effects on IAA and GA3 increased with increasing Si concentrations, and the effect on ABA was higher at 2 mM Si than that at the other Si concentrations. Furthermore, the effects of Si on IAA and GA3 were greater at 10 days than those at 20 days after the treatment, whereas the effect on ABA was greater at 20 ...
摘要采用砂培试验测定了硅对100mM NaCl胁迫下甘草幼苗生长和内源激素浓度(吲哚-3-乙酸[IAA]、赤霉酸[GA3]和脱落酸[ABA])的影响。硅处理对幼苗生长有时间依赖性的促进作用,增加了幼苗的生物量,并且在硅处理后20天的效果大于10天。硅对生长参数和生物量的影响取决于硅浓度,即这些参数随着硅浓度的增加而增加。Si还以浓度依赖的方式增加了甘草幼苗的内源激素水平。随着Si浓度的增加,对IAA和GA3的影响增加,2mM Si对ABA的影响高于其他Si浓度。此外,Si对IAA和GA3的影响在处理后10天大于处理后20天,而对ABA的影响在20天时更大。。。
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引用次数: 21
Genetics and molecular mapping of gynoecious (F) locus in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) 黄瓜雌核(F)基因座的遗传与分子定位
IF 1.9 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14620316.2018.1449671
G. Jat, A. D. Munshi, T. Behera, H. Choudhary, P. Dash, Amarnath Ravindran, S. Kumari
Gynoecious is an important economic trait of cucumber for determinant of earliness and yield, yet genetic mechanism is not well understood for this trait. The experiment was conducted using F₂ mapping population by crossing of PPC-2, a gynoecious and parthenocarpic line with Pusa Uday (monoecious and non-parthenocarpic cultivar). Out of 179 SSR markers screened, 39 markers differentiated the gynoecious and monoecious parents. However, only 17 markers were segregating with F₂ mapping population, those were used for genotyping and linkage map analysis and these markers were placed along with F locus on chromosome 6 covering a total distance of 100.4cM. The SSR markers, SSR13251 and UW020605 were found to be closely linked to gynoecious (F) locus at 1.0 and 4.5 cM, respectively. The segregation of F₂ population of PPC-2 × Pusa Uday and GPC-1 × Punjab Naveen and test crosses for sex type herein suggested that single dominant gene controlled the gynoecious sex expression in cucumber particularly in gynoecious genotypes PPC-2 and GPC-1. Therefore, the monogenic dominant nature of gynoecious sex identified in the present experiment and SSR markers closely linked to the F locus will be useful in marker-assisted backcross breeding for transfering gynoecious trait into horticulturally desirable varieties.
结实性是决定黄瓜早熟和产量的重要经济性状,但其遗传机制尚不清楚。实验使用F₂ 通过将雌系和单性结实品系PPC-2与Pusa Uday(雌雄同株和非单性结实品种)杂交来定位种群。在筛选到的179个SSR标记中,39个标记区分了雌雄同株和雌雄同株的亲本。然而,只有17个标记与F分离₂ 将SSR标记SSR13251和UW020605分别与6号染色体上的F位点在1.0和4.5cM处紧密连锁。F的分离₂ ×Pusa Uday和GPC-1×Punjab Naveen群体和性型试验杂交表明,单一显性基因控制着黄瓜的雌性性表达,尤其是在雌性基因型PPC-2和GPC-1。因此,本实验确定的雌虫性的单基因显性性质和与F位点紧密相连的SSR标记将有助于标记辅助回交育种,将雌虫性转化为园艺理想品种。
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引用次数: 16
Growth and development of Easter lily in response to container substrate with biochar 生物炭容器基质对复活节百合生长发育的影响
IF 1.9 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14620316.2018.1444514
Yan-Lan Guo, G. Niu, T. Starman, M. Gu
A greenhouse study was conducted to evaluate the growth and flowering of Easter lily (Lilium longiflorum Thunb.) grown in a commercial substrate (Sunshine Mix #1) amended with biochar at 0 (control...
对复活节百合(Lilium longiflorum Thunb.)在0(对照。。。
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引用次数: 15
Brassinolides have a small effect on vegetative growth, and increase reproductive growth of pistachio trees Cv. Owhadi 油菜素内酯对开心果树的营养生长影响较小,但对其生殖生长有促进作用。Owhadi
IF 1.9 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14620316.2018.1450647
Z. Pakkish, M. R. H. Poor, M. A. Nasab, H. Asghari
The effects of different applications of 24-epi-brassinolideon the physiology and yield of ‘Owhadi’ pistachio trees was investigated in Iran over an off and on year. Plants were treated by 24-epi-b...
在伊朗研究了不同施用24-外延油菜内酯对‘Owhadi’开心树生理和产量的影响。24-epi-b…
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引用次数: 5
Acquisition of triploid germplasms by controlled hybridisation between diploid and tetraploid in Chinese jujube 枣树二倍体与四倍体控制杂交获得三倍体种质
IF 1.9 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14620316.2018.1454266
F. Yan, Lihu Wang, Xingjuan Zheng, Zhi Luo, Jiurui Wang, Mengjun Liu
ABSTRACT‘Chenguang’ is the first released tetraploid cultivar (2n = 4x = 48) of Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) induced by colchicine. The purpose of this study was to create triploid germplasms by using ‘Chenguang’ as a parent. The controlled crosses between autotetraploid ‘Chenguang’ and diploid ‘Dongzao’ were carried out from 2013 to 2015 by maintaining the 2 parents in a nylon net and employing bees as pollinator. A total of 606 fruits were produced, yet only 17 seeds were obtained from ‘Dongzao’ and none from ‘Chenguang’. Direct sowing of the seeds in greenhouse showed a higher seedling rate than embryo culture. Four progeny plants were eventually obtained in the greenhouse and all of them were confirmed as authentic hybrids by SSR marker technique. At last, 3 triploids and 1 diploid were identified by flow cytometric analysis. Consequently, tetraploid ‘Chenguang’ with high pollen vitality and pollen number per anther could be used as a reliable 2n pollen provider, and the 2x × 4x cross combin...
摘要‘晨光’是秋水仙碱诱导的中国大枣(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.)首次发布的四倍体品种(2n = 4x = 48)。本研究以“晨光”为亲本,制备三倍体种质。2013 - 2015年,采用尼龙网罩养本和蜜蜂传粉的方法,对同源四倍体‘晨光’与二倍体‘东早’进行了对照杂交。总共生产了606个果实,但“东早”只有17个种子,“晨光”一个种子也没有。温室直接播种法的出苗率高于胚培养法。最终在温室中获得4株后代植株,经SSR标记技术鉴定均为原生态杂交种。最后通过流式细胞术鉴定出3个三倍体和1个二倍体。因此,具有较高花粉活力和单花药花粉数的四倍体‘晨光’可以作为可靠的2n花粉供体。
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引用次数: 6
期刊
Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology
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