Health Psychology最新文献

Objective: Communal coping is an interpersonal coping style that has been linked to positive psychosocial and health outcomes. The study goals were (a) to investigate changes in communal coping among persons with diabetes (PWD) over 5 years and (b) to assess how links of communal coping to outcomes change over that time.

Method: A measurement burst design was used. Couples in which one person had Type 2 diabetes (64% White, 36% Black) completed a 14-day diary shortly after diagnosis (M = 1.88 years) (2012-2017) and again 5 years later. Mean levels of communal coping (shared appraisal, collaboration) among PWD were compared across the two bursts to assess changes in communal coping. Multilevel modeling was used to assess links of between- and within-person communal copings to psychosocial (mood, coping, positive support, and negative interactions) and diabetes (glucose checking, glucose level, and dietary adherence) outcomes. Interactions with time were included to determine how links of communal coping to outcomes changed over time.

Results: Communal coping decreased across the 5 years among the 99 PWD. Consistent with past research, within- and between-person communal copings were linked to positive psychosocial outcomes and improved diet. Overall, between-person communal coping was more strongly linked to positive outcomes at Time 2 than Time 1. The opposite pattern was observed at the within-person level, but it was less consistent for diabetes outcomes, and several exceptions emerged.

Conclusions: Person-level communal coping becomes more important over time. Interventions aimed at sustaining communal coping may facilitate better health among people with Type 2 diabetes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: Pediatric chronic pain is pervasive and associated with myriad adverse consequences, yet due consideration has not been given to the mental health disturbances that often present alongside chronic pain and the etiological mechanisms that potentially underlie both. The current study examined the genetic and environmental etiology underlying chronic pain and internalizing symptomology in middle childhood, considering both independent and co-occurring symptom presentations.

Method: The sample comprised 795 children (399 families; M_age = 9.7 years; SD = 0.92) drawn from the Arizona Twin Project. The sample was 51.2% female and was racially/ethnically diverse (59.8% non-Hispanic White, 28.0% Hispanic/Latinx, 3.4% Asian, 3.9% Black, and 4.9% mixed race/other); 31% of twins were monozygotic, 35% same-sex dizygotic, and 34% other-sex dizygotic. Families were socioeconomically diverse based on income to needs ratios (7.3% below the poverty line, 22.9% at or near the poverty line, 15.9% in lower middle class, and 53.9% in middle to upper class).

Results: The results indicated that chronic pain was highly heritable (78%). Internalizing symptomology was modestly heritable (32%) and further subject to moderate shared environmental influence (50%). Moreover, 9% of the variance in chronic pain was explained by additive genetic factors shared with internalizing symptomology.

Conclusions: In middle childhood, chronic pain and internalizing symptoms are largely distinct, with shared genetic influences accounting for their co-occurrence, supporting the idea that comorbidity increases with age via transactional influences. Results provide novel insight into common liabilities underlying pediatric chronic pain and internalizing symptoms. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: Chronic respiratory diseases (CRD) can impact functioning and multiple physical and mental health outcomes, but their impact on psychological traits is less understood. This study investigated personality trajectories before and after the diagnosis of CRD.

Method: Data were from the Health and Retirement Study. Personality and chronic respiratory conditions were assessed between 2006 and 2020 (N = 17,078, n = 1,044 with CRD, 40,971 personality assessments). Multilevel models evaluated personality changes before and after CRD diagnosis, accounting for sociodemographic, clinical, and behavioral factors and normative age-related trajectories.

Results: Before the diagnosis of CRD, small effects were detected for declines in extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness (effect sizes ranging from -0.10 for conscientiousness to -0.16 for openness, in standard deviations per decade). After the diagnosis of the disease, there was a steeper increase in neuroticism and steeper declines in extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness compared to participants who never developed a chronic respiratory disease during the follow-up (effect sizes ranging from -0.29 for conscientiousness to 0.24 for neuroticism, in standard deviations per decade).

Conclusion: CRD are associated with maladaptive personality changes, mainly following diagnosis. These findings highlight the importance of developing interventions to counter maladaptive personality trajectories in people with chronic respiratory conditions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Background: Several studies have indicated an association between major depressive disorder (MDD) and allergic diseases (ADs), but the exact causal relationship remains inconclusive. Thus, this study aimed to explore the causal relationship between MDD and ADs employing bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR).

Method: The summary statistics for MDD were sourced from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with allergic asthma (AAS), allergic rhinitis (AR), and atopic dermatitis, were extracted from the FinnGen Consortium. The inverse variance weighted was primarily used in this MR analysis, with other methods as supplements. Several sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy. A reverse MR analysis was also conducted.

Results: The inverse variance weighted method demonstrated a nominally significant association between MDD and an increased risk of AR (OR = 1.191, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.006, 1.411], p = .042); after removing the two outlier Single nucleotide polymorphisms, a causal relationship was found between genetic susceptibility to MDD and AAS (OR = 1.418, 95% CI [1.207, 1.666], p = .000022). These results passed the heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy tests. However, MDD did not cause atopic dermatitis according to our results (OR = 1.049, 95% CI [0.903, 1.219], p = .53). Furthermore, reverse MR analysis unsupported ADs cause MDD.

Conclusion: This MR study suggested a nominally significant causal relationship between MDD and increased risk of AR, and a specific condition-based causal relationship between MDD and AAS. In the future, these results need to be validated further. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: The skin-deep resilience hypothesis suggests that Black Americans from disadvantaged backgrounds who attain academic or professional success despite social obstacles may paradoxically experience adverse physical health outcomes. This study examined skin-deep resilience among a sample of Black women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a disease sensitive to psychosocial stress.

Method: Data were from 426 Black women with SLE from metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia, United States, recruited to the Black Women's Experiences Living with Lupus (BeWELL) Study. Multivariable linear regression models examined cross-sectional associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and SLE disease activity, and whether educational attainment and racial discrimination moderated this relationship.

Results: There was a significant three-way interaction between educational attainment, ACEs, and racial discrimination, F(26, 399) = 2.92, p = .02. Racial discrimination was positively associated with disease activity; however, the relationship between discrimination and disease activity was the strongest among those who displayed high "resilience," indicated by those attaining a graduate degree despite experiencing high childhood adversity (≥ 3 ACEs). There was no interaction between educational attainment and discrimination among those who experienced low childhood adversity (< 3 ACEs).

Conclusion: Findings indicate that among Black women living with SLE, resilience to childhood adversity conferred worse physical health resulting from greater exposure to racial discrimination. Although educational attainment is traditionally conceptualized as protective for health, it may come with unintended physiological tolls for high-achieving Black women with SLE from disadvantaged backgrounds. Interventions aimed at "building resilience" without addressing underlying structural and social inequities could exacerbate racial health inequities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: Physical activity (PA) declines, while sedentariness increases, in the transition from childhood to adolescence. Factors to prevent such changes need to be identified. External structures for PA decrease with age, and individual characteristics play a more significant role. Prior research has indicated that well-regulated individuals with high perceived athletic competence (PAC) have more PA and less sedentariness. However, whether improvement in these characteristics predicts increased PA and reduced sedentariness in the longer term is unknown and, thus, the aim of the present inquiry. We also test potential age and sex differences.

Method: A sample from two Norwegian birth cohorts (analytical sample: n = 858, 51.8% girls) was biennially assessed from age 6 to 18. Accelerometry was used to measure PA and sedentary time. Executive functions (teacher report), effortful control/conscientiousness (parent and self-report), and PAC (self-report) constituted the predictors. A random intercept cross-lagged panel model was applied, which adjusts for unobserved time-invariant confounding effects.

Results: Increased conscientiousness predicted increased levels of PA from age 6 to 18 but was unrelated to later changes in sedentary time. Individuals who gained PAC also increased their PA and spent less time on sedentary activities. Changes in executive functions were unrelated to future changes in PA and sedentary time. No age or sex differences were found.

Conclusion: Increased conscientiousness and PAC predicted increased PA from childhood to late adolescence. PAC predicted reduced sedentary time. Enhancing conscientiousness and PAC may benefit interventions to promote PA in youth. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: Although previous evidence has shown positive results of conservative interventions on chronic pain, the specific effect of relaxation techniques on chronic nonspecific neck pain (CNNP) has not been studied. Thus, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of relaxation techniques on neck pain intensity and pain-related disability in this population.

Method: We systematically searched five databases from inception to November 2023 for randomized controlled trials comparing the effects of relaxation techniques versus physical therapy interventions and versus control on pain intensity and pain-related disability. A random-effect method was used for pooling the standardized mean difference and its related 95% confidence intervals (CIs) with the DerSimonian-Laird method. Meta-regression models were conducted to determine the influence of age, sex, and intervention characteristics on the effect estimates.

Results: A total of 16 studies involving 1,384 adults (aged 30-56 years) with CNNP were included. The pooled standardized mean difference for relaxation techniques versus physical therapy intervention was not significantly different for pain intensity (-0.14; 95% CI = [-0.57, 0.30]) or pain-related disability (-0.02; 95% CI = [-0.37, 0.34]). Compared with the control condition, the relaxation technique significantly improved pain intensity (-0.48; 95% CI = [-0.79, -0.16]) and pain-related disability (-0.45; 95% CI = [-0.79, -0.11]).

Conclusion: Relaxation techniques should be considered as an effective therapeutic strategy in the rehabilitation of CNNP since they may have a moderate effect on reducing pain and disability compared to the control condition. However, no differences were observed between relaxation techniques and physical therapy interventions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Objectives: Psychological well-being (PWB) has demonstrated health-protective effects, but its impact on specific causes of death and cardiovascular risk factors incidence has received limited attention. This systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO Registration: CRD42023387665) examine any positive dimension of PWB's association with the incidence of hypertension, overweight/obesity, metabolic syndrome, deaths from suicide, and noncommunicable disease mortality in the general adult population.

Method: PubMed and PsycINFO were searched up to June 3, 2023. Random-effects meta-analyses estimated different outcome effect sizes. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic, studies quality with the Newcastle-Ottawa scale, publication bias through funnel plots, and Egger's test. Subgroup (PWB dimensions, sex, quality assessment, sample size, follow-up period, and publication dates) and metaregression analyses were conducted.

Results: The search identified 6,200 studies, with 159 articles eligible for review and 130 for meta-analysis. Higher PWB was associated with lower all-cause mortality (OR = 0.798, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.773, 0.823], I² = 88.03%), and mortality from causes like suicide (OR = 0.505, 95% CI [0.337, 0.756], I² = 0.0%), cancer (OR = 0.924, 95% CI [0.858, 0.995], I² = 35.42%), cardiovascular disease (OR = 0.769, 95% CI [0.712, 0.832], I² = 55.64%), stroke (OR = 0.726, 95% CI [0.615, 0.858], I² = 56.96%), coronary heart disease (OR = 0.823, 95% CI [0.735, 0.922], I² = 45.03%), and hypertension incidence (OR = 0.921, 95% CI [0.860, 0.987], I² = 68.91%). No significant association was found for overweight/obesity incidence (OR = 0.922, 95% CI [0.801, 1.061], I² = 0.0%). Common sources of heterogeneity could not be identified.

Conclusion: Higher PWB was associated with lower noncommunicable disease mortality, likely including suicide, and lower hypertension incidence. The limited number of studies on some outcomes, along with potential publication bias and heterogeneity, constrain definitive conclusions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: Despite improvements in structural and biomedical interventions to stop the spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), gay and bisexual men continue to be disproportionately impacted by HIV. One potential barrier to the uptake of HIV health care services is misconception about HIV prevention. Given high levels of societal stigma related to HIV and homophobia, we grounded the current study in the Health Stigma and Discrimination Framework and proposed that experiences of everyday discrimination would be associated with the endorsement of stigmatizing misconceptions about HIV prevention among gay and bisexual men. We also examined whether comfort with health care providers would mediate such association and whether differences by race and ethnicity existed.

Method: Gay and bisexual men in New York (N = 293) completed a survey between 2017 and 2018 assessing everyday experiences of discrimination, comfort with health care providers, misconceptions about HIV prevention, and demographics.

Results: Controlling for relevant covariates, regression analyses showed that more experiences of discrimination were associated with greater misconceptions about HIV, b = 0.23, t(284) = 6.240, p = .002. Next, although discrimination was negatively associated with comfort with health care providers, the overall mediation was not significant. Finally, moderation analyses revealed that the relationship between discrimination and misconceptions only held for non-Latine men (p = .002). Latine men had overall greater levels of misconceptions about HIV prevention regardless of discrimination experiences.

Conclusions: Given the pervasiveness of discrimination, stigma-reduction interventions will be pivotal in redressing the HIV epidemic and should be implemented alongside other culturally sensitive HIV reduction strategies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: Many studies have shown the prospective relation of illness representations to breast cancer patients' well-being. Still, very few have examined their bidirectional relationship over time. Here, the long-term mutual effects between physical well-being and illness representations were examined at the within-person level.

Method: Female patients with breast cancer were enrolled in the study 2-5 weeks after the surgery or biopsy (baseline N = 706; M_age = 54.93). Several illness representations (i.e., illness consequences, timeline, personal control, and emotional representations) and physical well-being (i.e., general physical functioning and specific breast and arm symptoms) were assessed at 6, 12, and 18 months after patients' inclusion in the study (years of data collection: 2019-2021). Two random-intercept cross-lagged panel models were used to examine whether intrapersonal changes in the two variables predicted each other across time.

Results: The findings showed strong general relations between illness representations and physical well-being at the between-person level. However, only changes in timeline and emotional representations predicted intrapersonal subsequent changes in physical functioning and arm and breast symptoms, respectively. No other cross-lagged effects were found.

Conclusions: While illness representations are significantly associated with physical well-being at the between-person level, their impact significantly varies at the within-person level. The findings reflect the complex relationships between these factors in patients with breast cancer and point to the need for new theoretical approaches to better depict their long-term intrapersonal interplay. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).