Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology最新文献_第5页

Depuration and post-exposure recovery of oxidative stress responses to microplastics and cadmium in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) 太平洋牡蛎（长牡蛎）对微塑料和镉氧化应激反应的净化和暴露后恢复

IF 1.8 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111147

Won Chae Jeong , Kun Woo Kim , Jin A Kim , Jun-Hwan Kim , Cheol Young Choi

Microplastics and trace metals such as cadmium (Cd) are environmental contaminants commonly co-occurring in marine ecosystems. We aimed to evaluate the impact of combined exposure of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) to microbeads (MBs) and Cd, focusing on the effects of the depuration process on contaminant removal and stress-related biomarkers. Pacific oysters were exposed to MBs, Cd, and their combination for 48 h, followed by a 72 h depuration process using uncontaminated seawater. We measured the levels of accumulated MBs and Cd in the whole soft tissue of the Pacific oysters to evaluate the degree of contaminant removal. Additionally, the concentrations of hydrogen peroxide were measured and the mRNA expression levels of antioxidant enzymes, metallothionein, and the apoptosis-related gene caspase-3 were analyzed in the Pacific oyster hepatopancreas tissue to evaluate oxidative stress and apoptosis. Our results indicated that Cd was eliminated more slowly than MBs, and the Pacific oysters exposed to combined MB and Cd contaminants maintained higher levels of oxidative stress-related gene expression than those exposed to individual contaminants. These findings suggest that Cd may persist longer in oyster tissues than MBs, potentially leading to prolonged toxicity in the Pacific oyster. Furthermore, in environments where both MBs and Cd are present, MBs can enhance the toxic effects of Cd through a synergistic interaction. Overall, we provide a reference for understanding the depuration and physiological responses of marine bivalves exposed to MBs and Cd.

微塑料和镉（Cd）等微量金属是海洋生态系统中常见的环境污染物。我们旨在评估太平洋牡蛎（长牡蛎）对微珠（mb）和Cd的联合暴露的影响，重点关注净化过程对污染物去除和应激相关生物标志物的影响。将太平洋牡蛎暴露于MBs、Cd及其组合48小时，然后使用未受污染的海水进行72小时的净化过程。我们测量了太平洋牡蛎整个软组织中累积的mb和Cd的水平，以评估污染物去除的程度。通过测定过氧化氢浓度，分析抗氧化酶、金属硫蛋白和凋亡相关基因caspase-3 mRNA表达水平，评价氧化应激与凋亡的关系。我们的研究结果表明，Cd的消除速度比MB慢，并且暴露于MB和Cd组合污染物的太平洋牡蛎比暴露于单个污染物的太平洋牡蛎保持更高水平的氧化应激相关基因表达。这些发现表明，Cd在牡蛎组织中的持续时间可能比MBs更长，可能导致太平洋牡蛎的长期毒性。此外，在MBs和Cd同时存在的环境中，MBs可以通过协同相互作用增强Cd的毒性作用。本研究为了解海洋双壳类生物对甲基溴和镉的净化和生理反应提供了参考。

{"title":"Depuration and post-exposure recovery of oxidative stress responses to microplastics and cadmium in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas)","authors":"Won Chae Jeong , Kun Woo Kim , Jin A Kim , Jun-Hwan Kim , Cheol Young Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics and trace metals such as cadmium (Cd) are environmental contaminants commonly co-occurring in marine ecosystems. We aimed to evaluate the impact of combined exposure of Pacific oyster (<em>Crassostrea gigas</em>) to microbeads (MBs) and Cd, focusing on the effects of the depuration process on contaminant removal and stress-related biomarkers. Pacific oysters were exposed to MBs, Cd, and their combination for 48 h, followed by a 72 h depuration process using uncontaminated seawater. We measured the levels of accumulated MBs and Cd in the whole soft tissue of the Pacific oysters to evaluate the degree of contaminant removal. Additionally, the concentrations of hydrogen peroxide were measured and the mRNA expression levels of antioxidant enzymes, metallothionein, and the apoptosis-related gene caspase-3 were analyzed in the Pacific oyster hepatopancreas tissue to evaluate oxidative stress and apoptosis. Our results indicated that Cd was eliminated more slowly than MBs, and the Pacific oysters exposed to combined MB and Cd contaminants maintained higher levels of oxidative stress-related gene expression than those exposed to individual contaminants. These findings suggest that Cd may persist longer in oyster tissues than MBs, potentially leading to prolonged toxicity in the Pacific oyster. Furthermore, in environments where both MBs and Cd are present, MBs can enhance the toxic effects of Cd through a synergistic interaction. Overall, we provide a reference for understanding the depuration and physiological responses of marine bivalves exposed to MBs and Cd.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"280 ","pages":"Article 111147"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144886744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) negatively regulates sand-diving behaviour in kuruma shrimp, Penaeus japonicus 甲壳类心脏活性肽（CCAP）负向调节日本对虾（Penaeus japonicus）潜沙行为。

IF 1.8 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111143

Xinyu Zhou , Jiahan Yu , Huimin Zhang , Yang Zhang , Panpan Wang , Jing Xu , Fei Yu , Jianxin Zhang , Qingqi Zhang , Wazir Ali Baloch , Huan Gao

Kuruma shrimp (Penaeus japonicus) exhibits sand-diving behaviour. The genetic control mechanism of this behaviour is still unclear, although previous single-cell transcriptome sequencing suggests that crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) may be involved. In this study, we cloned the CCAP precursor cDNA (Pj-CCAP) in kuruma shrimp. It was predicted that the gene can be translated into four related peptides and one mature peptide (PFCNAFTGC-NH2), and is highly similar to crustaceans and insects. The predicted Pj-CCAP itself is highly conserved in other crustaceans. RT-qPCR and in situ hybridization analysis showed that Pj-CCAP was most highly expressed in muscle tissue. RNA interference and gene overexpression were used to assess the relationship between Pj-CCAP expression and sand-diving behaviour of shrimp. The results showed that at 6 h post-treatment, the sand-diving rate in the RNA interference group was significantly lower than that in the control group, while the heart rate of shrimp subjected to RNA interference was also significantly, but recovered to baseline levels within 12 h post-treatment. Overexpression resulted in a lower sand diving rate, and a transient increase in heart rate. The results suggest that Pj-CCAP is potentially a negative regulator of sand diving behaviour of kuruma shrimp, and may have an important role in regulating its physiological rhythms and behavioural patterns.

日本对虾（Penaeus japonicus）表现出沙潜行为。这种行为的遗传控制机制尚不清楚，尽管先前的单细胞转录组测序表明甲壳类心脏活性肽（CCAP）可能参与其中。本研究克隆了黑虾CCAP前体cDNA （Pj-CCAP）。预测该基因可翻译成4个相关肽和1个成熟肽（PFCNAFTGC-NH2），与甲壳类动物和昆虫高度相似。预测的Pj-CCAP本身在其他甲壳类动物中高度保守。RT-qPCR和原位杂交分析显示Pj-CCAP在肌肉组织中表达最高。采用RNA干扰和基因过表达的方法研究Pj-CCAP表达与对虾潜沙行为的关系。结果表明，在处理后6 h， RNA干扰组的沙潜率显著低于对照组，而RNA干扰对虾的心率也显著低于对照组，但在处理后12 h内恢复到基线水平。过表达导致了较低的潜沙率和短暂的心率增加。结果表明，Pj-CCAP对黑虾潜沙行为具有潜在的负调控作用，可能在调节黑虾生理节律和行为模式方面发挥重要作用。

{"title":"Crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) negatively regulates sand-diving behaviour in kuruma shrimp, Penaeus japonicus","authors":"Xinyu Zhou , Jiahan Yu , Huimin Zhang , Yang Zhang , Panpan Wang , Jing Xu , Fei Yu , Jianxin Zhang , Qingqi Zhang , Wazir Ali Baloch , Huan Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Kuruma shrimp (<em>Penaeus japonicus</em>) exhibits sand-diving behaviour. The genetic control mechanism of this behaviour is still unclear, although previous single-cell transcriptome sequencing suggests that crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) may be involved. In this study, we cloned the CCAP precursor cDNA (<em>Pj-CCAP</em>) in kuruma shrimp. It was predicted that the gene can be translated into four related peptides and one mature peptide (PFCNAFTGC-NH2), and is highly similar to crustaceans and insects. The predicted <em>Pj-CCAP</em> itself is highly conserved in other crustaceans. RT-qPCR and in situ hybridization analysis showed that <em>Pj-CCAP</em> was most highly expressed in muscle tissue. RNA interference and gene overexpression were used to assess the relationship between <em>Pj-CCAP</em> expression and sand-diving behaviour of shrimp. The results showed that at 6 h post-treatment, the sand-diving rate in the RNA interference group was significantly lower than that in the control group, while the heart rate of shrimp subjected to RNA interference was also significantly, but recovered to baseline levels within 12 h post-treatment. Overexpression resulted in a lower sand diving rate, and a transient increase in heart rate. The results suggest that <em>Pj-CCAP</em> is potentially a negative regulator of sand diving behaviour of kuruma shrimp, and may have an important role in regulating its physiological rhythms and behavioural patterns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"280 ","pages":"Article 111143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144857096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conjugated linoleic acid regulation of fatty acid metabolism by mTOR signaling pathway in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) adipocytes 偶联亚油酸通过mTOR信号通路调控草鱼脂肪细胞脂肪酸代谢。

IF 1.8 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111145

Zhang Shen, Yu Hua, Li Ying

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on fatty acid metabolism through the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) adipocytes. Grass carp preadipocytes were cultured and treated with various concentrations of CLA (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 μmol/L). Lipid accumulation was assessed using Oil Red O staining. The regulatory effects on mTOR signaling pathway were evaluated using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western Blot (WB). CLA treatment significantly inhibited lipid accumulation and downregulated the expression of genes related to de novo fatty acid synthesis, including fatty acid synthase (fas), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (acc), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (scd1), and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (srebp-1c). In contrast, the expression of genes related to fatty acid transport and β-oxidation, such as carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1α (cpt-1α) and hormone-sensitive lipase (hsl), was upregulated. These regulatory effects were found to be concentration-dependent. Co-treatment with the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin further suppressed the mRNA expression of srebp-1c, fas and acc. Furthermore, CLA reduced the protein expression levels of mTOR and nuclear sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (nSrebp1), while exerting minimal effect on phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR). In summary, CLA appears to modulate lipid metabolism in grass carp adipocytes by inhibiting srebp-1c within the mTOR signaling pathway.

本研究旨在探讨共轭亚油酸（CLA）通过哺乳动物雷帕霉素（mTOR）信号通路对草鱼脂肪细胞脂肪酸代谢的影响。用不同浓度的CLA（0、50、100、150和200 μmol/L）培养草鱼前脂肪细胞。油红O染色检测脂质积累。采用实时荧光定量PCR （RT-qPCR）和Western Blot （WB）方法评价其对mTOR信号通路的调控作用。CLA处理显著抑制脂肪积累，下调脂肪酸合成相关基因的表达，包括脂肪酸合成酶（fas）、乙酰辅酶a羧化酶（acc）、硬脂酰辅酶a去饱和酶1 （scd1）和甾醇调节元件结合蛋白-1c （srebp-1c）。相反，与脂肪酸转运和β-氧化相关的基因，如肉碱棕榈酰转移酶-1α (cpt-1α)和激素敏感脂肪酶（hsl）的表达上调。发现这些调节作用是浓度依赖性的。与mTOR抑制剂雷帕霉素联合治疗进一步抑制srebp-1c、fas和acc的mRNA表达。此外，CLA降低了mTOR和核固醇调控元件结合蛋白1 （nSrebp1）的蛋白表达水平，而对磷酸化mTOR （p-mTOR）的影响很小。综上所述，CLA似乎通过抑制mTOR信号通路中的srebp-1c来调节草鱼脂肪细胞的脂质代谢。

{"title":"Conjugated linoleic acid regulation of fatty acid metabolism by mTOR signaling pathway in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) adipocytes","authors":"Zhang Shen, Yu Hua, Li Ying","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on fatty acid metabolism through the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in grass carp (<em>Ctenopharyngodon idella</em>) adipocytes. Grass carp preadipocytes were cultured and treated with various concentrations of CLA (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 μmol/L). Lipid accumulation was assessed using Oil Red O staining. The regulatory effects on mTOR signaling pathway were evaluated using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western Blot (WB). CLA treatment significantly inhibited lipid accumulation and downregulated the expression of genes related to <em>de novo</em> fatty acid synthesis, including fatty acid synthase (<em>fas</em>), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (<em>acc</em>), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (<em>scd1</em>), and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (<em>srebp-1c</em>). In contrast, the expression of genes related to fatty acid transport and β-oxidation, such as carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1α (<em>cpt-1α</em>) and hormone-sensitive lipase (<em>hsl</em>), was upregulated. These regulatory effects were found to be concentration-dependent. Co-treatment with the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin further suppressed the mRNA expression of <em>srebp-1c, fas</em> and <em>acc</em>. Furthermore, CLA reduced the protein expression levels of mTOR and nuclear sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (nSrebp1), while exerting minimal effect on phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR). In summary, CLA appears to modulate lipid metabolism in grass carp adipocytes by inhibiting srebp-1c within the mTOR signaling pathway.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"280 ","pages":"Article 111145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144849693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of agavin on the intestinal antioxidant response and its relationship to gut microbiota and plasma cortisol in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) subjected to overcrowding stress 对过度拥挤应激下尼罗罗非鱼肠道抗氧化反应的影响及其与肠道微生物群和血浆皮质醇的关系

IF 1.8 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-08-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111144

Lizeth C. Flores-Méndez , Victor Hugo Caña-Bozada , Bruno Gómez-Gil , Crisantema Hernández

High-density aquaculture of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) affects welfare by altering cortisol levels, antioxidant response (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and malondialdehyde), and gut microbiota. Agavin is a fructose- and glucose-based polysaccharide containing β-(2-1) and β-(2-6) linkages, known for its potential to mitigate the adverse effects of oxidative stress. This study evaluated the impact of agavin on the intestinal antioxidant response and investigated its correlation with gut microbiota composition and cortisol levels. Fish were fed a control diet (DC0, no agavin) or diets supplemented with 20 g kg⁻¹ (D20) or 40 g kg⁻¹ (D40) of agavin for 110 days. On day 90, all fish were subjected to high-density stress (63 kg m⁻³). Intestinal superoxide activity, catalase activity, and malondialdehyde concentrations were correlated with previously published plasma cortisol and microbiota data from the same study. Under high-density conditions, the D20 diet increased superoxide dismutase and catalase activity and reduced malondialdehyde concentration compared to the control. Plasma cortisol and malondialdehyde concentration showed a positive correlation (r = 0.67), but plasma cortisol was negatively correlated with superoxide dismutase activity (r = − 0.50). Sixty-nine and 81 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were significantly correlated with catalase and superoxide dismutase activity, respectively, with families from the Order Cytophagales being strongly positively correlated. Cytophagales was also negatively correlated with plasma cortisol and malondialdehyde concentrations. These results suggest that, under stress conditions, agavin promotes the antioxidant response, modulating the intestinal microbiota and reducing cortisol release, which could indicate its utility as a prebiotic in aquaculture.

尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）的高密度养殖通过改变皮质醇水平、抗氧化反应（超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和丙二醛）和肠道微生物群来影响福利。Agavin是一种以果糖和葡萄糖为基础的多糖，含有β-(2-1)和β-(2-6)键，以其减轻氧化应激不良影响的潜力而闻名。本研究评估了agavin对肠道抗氧化反应的影响，并研究了其与肠道微生物群组成和皮质醇水平的相关性。饲喂对照饲料（DC0，不添加）或在饲料中添加20 g kg-1 （D20）或40 g kg-1 (D40) 110 d。在第90天，所有鱼都受到高密度应激（63 kg m-3）。肠道超氧化物活性、过氧化氢酶活性和丙二醛浓度与先前发表的血浆皮质醇和微生物群数据相关。在高密度条件下，与对照组相比，D20饲粮提高了超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性，降低了丙二醛浓度。血浆皮质醇与丙二醛浓度呈正相关（r = 0.67），与超氧化物歧化酶活性呈负相关（r = - 0.50）。69个操作分类单位（otu）和81个操作分类单位（otu）分别与过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性显著相关，与胞噬目家族呈显著正相关。细胞吞噬体也与血浆皮质醇和丙二醛浓度呈负相关。这些结果表明，在应激条件下，agavin促进抗氧化反应，调节肠道微生物群并减少皮质醇释放，这可能表明其作为水产养殖益生元的用途。

{"title":"The effect of agavin on the intestinal antioxidant response and its relationship to gut microbiota and plasma cortisol in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) subjected to overcrowding stress","authors":"Lizeth C. Flores-Méndez , Victor Hugo Caña-Bozada , Bruno Gómez-Gil , Crisantema Hernández","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-density aquaculture of Nile tilapia (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>) affects welfare by altering cortisol levels, antioxidant response (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and malondialdehyde), and gut microbiota. Agavin is a fructose- and glucose-based polysaccharide containing β-(2-1) and β-(2-6) linkages, known for its potential to mitigate the adverse effects of oxidative stress. This study evaluated the impact of agavin on the intestinal antioxidant response and investigated its correlation with gut microbiota composition and cortisol levels. Fish were fed a control diet (DC0, no agavin) or diets supplemented with 20 g kg<sup>−1</sup> (D20) or 40 g kg<sup>−1</sup> (D40) of agavin for 110 days. On day 90, all fish were subjected to high-density stress (63 kg m<sup>−3</sup>). Intestinal superoxide activity, catalase activity, and malondialdehyde concentrations were correlated with previously published plasma cortisol and microbiota data from the same study. Under high-density conditions, the D20 diet increased superoxide dismutase and catalase activity and reduced malondialdehyde concentration compared to the control. Plasma cortisol and malondialdehyde concentration showed a positive correlation (<em>r</em> = 0.67), but plasma cortisol was negatively correlated with superoxide dismutase activity (<em>r</em> = − 0.50). Sixty-nine and 81 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were significantly correlated with catalase and superoxide dismutase activity, respectively, with families from the Order Cytophagales being strongly positively correlated. Cytophagales was also negatively correlated with plasma cortisol and malondialdehyde concentrations. These results suggest that, under stress conditions, agavin promotes the antioxidant response, modulating the intestinal microbiota and reducing cortisol release, which could indicate its utility as a prebiotic in aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"280 ","pages":"Article 111144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144823274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Polyamine distributions in invertebrates VI: Comparative cellular polyamine analysis of unicellular choanoflagellates and multicellular sponges, comb jellies, hydras, jellyfishes, sea anemones and soft corals 多胺在无脊椎动物中的分布VI：单细胞长鞭毛虫和多细胞海绵、栉水母、水螅、水母、海葵和软珊瑚的细胞多胺比较分析。

IF 1.8 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111141

Koei Hamana , Hidenori Hayashi , Takemitsu Furuchi , Masaru Niitsu

The more than 35 described biogenic polyamines have important roles in physiological processes ranging from acid-base buffering to the scavenging of oxygen free radicals. As such they have key cellular- and organismal-level functions in environmental adaptation, cell growth, cell differentiation, fertilization, and biomineralization. To determine cellular polyamine distribution profiles in animals at the base of the phylogenetic tree, the acid-extracted polyamines from cultured cells of a unicellular choanoflagellate and whole bodies of five multicellular invertebrate groups (total 20 species) were quantitatively analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography and high-performance gas chromatography. Both the choanoflagellate and hydra contained putrescine and spermidine. Diaminopropane, putrescine, cadaverine, norspermidine, spermidine, homospermidine, norspermine, spermine, thermospermine and agmatine were commonly identified among the other invertebrates. In unusual/rare polyamines, aminopropylhomospermidine, homospermine, caldopentamine and homopentamine were found in sponges; aminopropylhomospermidine and canavalmine in the comb jelly; canavalmine, aminopropylcanavalmine and homopyropentamine in jellyfishes; and canavalmine and homopyropentamine in sea anemones. However, long-chain polyamines were not found in soft corals.

超过35种描述的生物源多胺在生理过程中发挥重要作用，从酸碱缓冲到清除氧自由基。因此，它们在环境适应、细胞生长、细胞分化、受精和生物矿化方面具有关键的细胞和有机体水平的功能。为了确定动物细胞多胺在系统发育树底部的分布特征，我们使用高效液相色谱和高效气相色谱对单细胞鞭毛动物和5个多细胞无脊椎动物群（共20种）的培养细胞中酸提取的多胺进行了定量分析。尾鞭毛虫和水螅均含有腐胺和亚精胺。二氨基丙烷、腐胺、尸胺、去亚精胺、亚精胺、同亚精胺、去精胺、精胺、热精胺和精氨酸在其他无脊椎动物中普遍存在。在异常/稀有多胺中，海绵中检出了氨基丙基同精胺、同精胺、钙多巴胺和同精胺；蜂胶中的氨基丙基同亚精胺和犬avalmine；水母中的鼠尾草碱、氨基丙基鼠尾草碱和同丙戊胺；还有海葵中的鸭avalmine和homopoppentamine。然而，在软珊瑚中并没有发现长链多胺。

{"title":"Polyamine distributions in invertebrates VI: Comparative cellular polyamine analysis of unicellular choanoflagellates and multicellular sponges, comb jellies, hydras, jellyfishes, sea anemones and soft corals","authors":"Koei Hamana , Hidenori Hayashi , Takemitsu Furuchi , Masaru Niitsu","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The more than 35 described biogenic polyamines have important roles in physiological processes ranging from acid-base buffering to the scavenging of oxygen free radicals. As such they have key cellular- and organismal-level functions in environmental adaptation, cell growth, cell differentiation, fertilization, and biomineralization. To determine cellular polyamine distribution profiles in animals at the base of the phylogenetic tree, the acid-extracted polyamines from cultured cells of a unicellular choanoflagellate and whole bodies of five multicellular invertebrate groups (total 20 species) were quantitatively analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography and high-performance gas chromatography. Both the choanoflagellate and hydra contained putrescine and spermidine. Diaminopropane, putrescine, cadaverine, norspermidine, spermidine, homospermidine, norspermine, spermine, thermospermine and agmatine were commonly identified among the other invertebrates. In unusual/rare polyamines, aminopropylhomospermidine, homospermine, caldopentamine and homopentamine were found in sponges; aminopropylhomospermidine and canavalmine in the comb jelly; canavalmine, aminopropylcanavalmine and homopyropentamine in jellyfishes; and canavalmine and homopyropentamine in sea anemones. However, long-chain polyamines were not found in soft corals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"280 ","pages":"Article 111141"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144796201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transfection with SV40 LT promotes oxidative damage in primary cultures of California sea lion muscle cells 转染SV40 LT促进加州海狮肌肉细胞原代培养的氧化损伤

IF 1.9 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111138

Andrea C. Murillo-Cisneros , Ramón Gaxiola-Robles , Claudia J. Camacho-Hernández , Martha Reyes-Becerril , Orlando Lugo-Lugo , Tania Zenteno-Savín

Developing immortalized cell lines could significantly accelerate studies on marine mammal adaptations to breath-hold diving, ischemia/reperfusion cycles and oxidative stress. In this study, skeletal muscle-derived cells from California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) were transfected with simian virus 40 large T antigen (SV40 LT), a viral oncoprotein known to inactivate cell cycle regulators such as p53 and retinoblastoma (pRB). Although transfection and puromycin selection were successful, transfected cells exhibited morphological abnormalities and reduced viability, suggesting altered cellular proliferation pathways. Significantly higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities (2- and 6.1-fold, respectively), higher protein oxidative damage (3.9-fold), and lower catalase (CAT) activity (6.9-fold) were observed in transfected cells relative to control (untransfected) cells. These findings suggest that peroxide (H₂O₂) accumulation, likely triggered by genotoxic stress, disrupted cellular proliferation and/or cell death pathways in SV40 LT-transfected skeletal muscle-derived cells from California sea lions. Future studies should consider co-transfection with human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and the use of lentiviral delivery systems to enhance transfection efficiency, reduce genotoxic effects, and improve culture stability. This study highlights current challenges and offers potential solutions for generating immortalized marine mammal cell lines.

开发永生化细胞系可以显著加快海洋哺乳动物对屏气潜水、缺血/再灌注周期和氧化应激的适应性研究。在这项研究中，将加利福尼亚海狮（Zalophus California）的骨骼肌来源细胞转染类人猿病毒40大T抗原（SV40 LT）， SV40 LT是一种已知的病毒癌蛋白，可灭活细胞周期调节因子，如p53和视网膜母细胞瘤（pRB）。虽然转染和嘌呤霉素选择是成功的，但转染后的细胞表现出形态异常和活力降低，表明细胞增殖途径发生了改变。转染细胞的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽s -转移酶（GST）活性（分别为2-和6.1倍）、蛋白质氧化损伤（3.9倍）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性（6.9倍）显著高于对照（未转染）细胞。这些发现表明，过氧化氢（H₂O₂）积累，可能是由基因毒性应激引发的，破坏了来自加州海狮的SV40 rt转染的骨骼肌来源细胞的细胞增殖和/或细胞死亡途径。未来的研究应考虑与人类端粒酶逆转录酶（hTERT）共转染，并使用慢病毒传递系统来提高转染效率，减少基因毒性作用，提高培养稳定性。这项研究强调了当前的挑战，并为产生永生化海洋哺乳动物细胞系提供了潜在的解决方案。

{"title":"Transfection with SV40 LT promotes oxidative damage in primary cultures of California sea lion muscle cells","authors":"Andrea C. Murillo-Cisneros , Ramón Gaxiola-Robles , Claudia J. Camacho-Hernández , Martha Reyes-Becerril , Orlando Lugo-Lugo , Tania Zenteno-Savín","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing immortalized cell lines could significantly accelerate studies on marine mammal adaptations to breath-hold diving, ischemia/reperfusion cycles and oxidative stress. In this study, skeletal muscle-derived cells from California sea lions (<em>Zalophus californianus</em>) were transfected with simian virus 40 large T antigen (SV40 LT), a viral oncoprotein known to inactivate cell cycle regulators such as p53 and retinoblastoma (pRB). Although transfection and puromycin selection were successful, transfected cells exhibited morphological abnormalities and reduced viability, suggesting altered cellular proliferation pathways. Significantly higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities (2- and 6.1-fold, respectively), higher protein oxidative damage (3.9-fold), and lower catalase (CAT) activity (6.9-fold) were observed in transfected cells relative to control (untransfected) cells. These findings suggest that peroxide (H₂O₂) accumulation, likely triggered by genotoxic stress, disrupted cellular proliferation and/or cell death pathways in SV40 LT-transfected skeletal muscle-derived cells from California sea lions. Future studies should consider co-transfection with human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and the use of lentiviral delivery systems to enhance transfection efficiency, reduce genotoxic effects, and improve culture stability. This study highlights current challenges and offers potential solutions for generating immortalized marine mammal cell lines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"280 ","pages":"Article 111138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144702695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metabolic biochemistry of the fighting limbs and muscles of the freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, reflects agonistic behavior 罗氏沼虾（Macrobrachium rosenbergii）战斗肢体和肌肉的代谢生化反应反映了竞争行为

IF 1.9 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111137

Jiangtao Li, Zheng Xiao, Kexuan Zhang, Zhongjie You, Licheng Zeng, Li Lin, Xiaojing Lv

This study investigated the behavioral and physiological responses of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii in relation to fighting activity, aiming to elucidate how energy metabolism varies across locomotory organs under different combat durations. Based on observed fighting times, individuals were divided into control (no fighting), short-duration (16.67 ± 8.22 min), and long-duration (38.33 ± 9.65 min) groups. The movement frequency of the second pereiopods, pleopods, and uropods, along with energy substrates and metabolic enzyme activities in these appendages and abdominal muscles, was analyzed. Results showed that the second pereiopods exhibited the most pronounced increase in beating frequency during prolonged fighting, followed by pleopods and uropods, reflecting their hierarchical involvement in locomotion and aggression. Glycogen content decreased significantly with fighting duration, with the greatest depletion observed in the second pereiopods (up to 36.78 %), compared to moderate decreases in pleopods and abdominal muscles. This indicates a dominant metabolic burden on primary combat appendages. Long-duration fighting induced significant increases in lactate levels, as well as hexokinase (HK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities in the second pereiopods and abdominal muscles, suggesting a shift toward anaerobic metabolism. In contrast, short-duration fighting was characterized by elevated malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activities in the second pereiopods and pleopods, reflecting reliance on aerobic pathways. These results demonstrate that M. rosenbergii adopts organ-specific metabolic strategies during aggression. This mechanistic insight lays the groundwork for future aquaculture applications involving behavioral conditioning, dietary interventions, and selective breeding to reduce energy loss and improve animal welfare in intensive farming systems.

本研究研究了罗氏沼虾（Macrobrachium rosenbergii）与战斗活动相关的行为和生理反应，旨在阐明不同战斗持续时间下运动器官的能量代谢变化。根据观察到的打斗时间，将个体分为对照组（无打斗）、短时组（16.67±8.22 min）和长时间组（38.33±9.65 min）。分析了第二知觉足类、多足类和尾足类动物的运动频率，以及这些附属物和腹部肌肉的能量底物和代谢酶活性。结果表明，在长时间的打斗中，第二感觉足类动物的殴打频率增加最为明显，其次是pleopod和uro足类动物，这反映了它们在运动和攻击方面的等级参与。糖原含量随着战斗时间的延长而显著下降，第二准足类动物的糖原消耗最多（高达36.78%），而pleopod和腹部肌肉的糖原含量则略有下降。这表明主要战斗附属物的代谢负担占主导地位。长时间的战斗导致第二表足类动物和腹部肌肉中乳酸水平以及己糖激酶（HK）和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性的显著增加，表明向无氧代谢的转变。相比之下，短时间战斗的特征是第二表足类和多足类动物的苹果酸脱氢酶（MDH）和细胞色素c氧化酶（COX）活性升高，反映了对有氧途径的依赖。这些结果表明罗氏芽孢杆菌在攻击过程中采用了器官特异性代谢策略。这一机制见解为未来水产养殖应用奠定了基础，包括行为调节、饮食干预和选择性育种，以减少集约化养殖系统中的能量损失和改善动物福利。

{"title":"Metabolic biochemistry of the fighting limbs and muscles of the freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, reflects agonistic behavior","authors":"Jiangtao Li, Zheng Xiao, Kexuan Zhang, Zhongjie You, Licheng Zeng, Li Lin, Xiaojing Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the behavioral and physiological responses of the freshwater prawn <em>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</em> in relation to fighting activity, aiming to elucidate how energy metabolism varies across locomotory organs under different combat durations. Based on observed fighting times, individuals were divided into control (no fighting), short-duration (16.67 ± 8.22 min), and long-duration (38.33 ± 9.65 min) groups. The movement frequency of the second pereiopods, pleopods, and uropods, along with energy substrates and metabolic enzyme activities in these appendages and abdominal muscles, was analyzed. Results showed that the second pereiopods exhibited the most pronounced increase in beating frequency during prolonged fighting, followed by pleopods and uropods, reflecting their hierarchical involvement in locomotion and aggression. Glycogen content decreased significantly with fighting duration, with the greatest depletion observed in the second pereiopods (up to 36.78 %), compared to moderate decreases in pleopods and abdominal muscles. This indicates a dominant metabolic burden on primary combat appendages. Long-duration fighting induced significant increases in lactate levels, as well as hexokinase (HK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities in the second pereiopods and abdominal muscles, suggesting a shift toward anaerobic metabolism. In contrast, short-duration fighting was characterized by elevated malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and cytochrome <em>c</em> oxidase (COX) activities in the second pereiopods and pleopods, reflecting reliance on aerobic pathways. These results demonstrate that <em>M. rosenbergii</em> adopts organ-specific metabolic strategies during aggression. This mechanistic insight lays the groundwork for future aquaculture applications involving behavioral conditioning, dietary interventions, and selective breeding to reduce energy loss and improve animal welfare in intensive farming systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"280 ","pages":"Article 111137"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of myostatin genes in Black Sea trout, Salmo labrax, and their differential responses to high temperature and starvation stressors 黑海鳟鱼肌肉生长抑制素基因的特征及其对高温和饥饿胁迫的差异反应

IF 1.9 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111136

Burcu Naz Uzun , Mehtap Bayır , Eyüp Çakmak , Gökhan Arslan , Wenjing Tao , Serpil Turhan , Selma Saoula , Hakan Özkan , Abdulkadir Bayır

The identification of myostatin (mstn) gene functions in salmonids has been complicated by two whole-gene duplications (WGDs), leading to the presence of up to four mstn genes in their genomes, as opposed to the one or two copies found in other vertebrates. In this research, we molecularly cloned and characterized four mstn genes—Sl-mstna1, Sl-mstna2, Sl-mstnb1, and Sl-mstnb2—in the Black Sea trout (Salmo labrax). We propose that Sl-mstnb2 is a pseudogene due to a nonfunctionalization event, while Sl-mstna1, Sl-mstna2, and Sl-mstnb1 are retained in the Salmo labrax genome due to subfunctionalization. Notably, the expression level of the Sl-mstna1 and Sl-mstna2 genes varied across different tissues, implying divergent regulatory mechanisms. Starvation and high temperature increased mRNA expression of Sl-mstna1 and Sl-mstna2, while Sl-mstnb1 transcription was decreased by both stress factors. The tissue-specific transcription and modulation of Sl-mstnb1 were distinctly different from those of the Sl-mstna duplicates, suggesting functional divergence between the Sl-mstna and Sl-mstnb1 genes.

鲑鱼中肌生长抑制素（mstn）基因功能的鉴定由于两次全基因复制（WGDs）而变得复杂，导致它们的基因组中存在多达四个mstn基因，而在其他脊椎动物中发现的是一个或两个拷贝。本研究在黑海鳟鱼（Salmo labrax）中克隆并鉴定了4个mstn基因sl -mstna1、Sl-mstna2、Sl-mstnb1和sl -mstnb2。我们认为Sl-mstnb2是由于非功能化事件导致的假基因，而Sl-mstna1、Sl-mstna2和Sl-mstnb1由于亚功能化而保留在Salmo labrax基因组中。值得注意的是，Sl-mstna1和Sl-mstna2基因在不同组织中的表达水平存在差异，表明其调控机制存在差异。饥饿和高温使Sl-mstna1和Sl-mstna2的mRNA表达升高，而Sl-mstnb1的转录水平均降低。Sl-mstnb1的组织特异性转录和调控与Sl-mstna重复序列的组织特异性转录和调控明显不同，表明Sl-mstna和Sl-mstnb1基因在功能上存在差异。

{"title":"Characterization of myostatin genes in Black Sea trout, Salmo labrax, and their differential responses to high temperature and starvation stressors","authors":"Burcu Naz Uzun , Mehtap Bayır , Eyüp Çakmak , Gökhan Arslan , Wenjing Tao , Serpil Turhan , Selma Saoula , Hakan Özkan , Abdulkadir Bayır","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The identification of myostatin (<em>mstn</em>) gene functions in salmonids has been complicated by two whole-gene duplications (WGDs), leading to the presence of up to four <em>mstn</em> genes in their genomes, as opposed to the one or two copies found in other vertebrates. In this research, we molecularly cloned and characterized four <em>mstn</em> genes—<em>Sl-mstna1</em>, <em>Sl-mstna2</em>, <em>Sl-mstnb1</em>, and <em>Sl-mstnb2</em>—in the Black Sea trout (<em>Salmo labrax</em>). We propose that <em>Sl-mstnb2</em> is a pseudogene due to a nonfunctionalization event, while <em>Sl-mstna1</em>, <em>Sl-mstna2</em>, and <em>Sl-mstnb1</em> are retained in the <em>Salmo labrax</em> genome due to subfunctionalization. Notably, the expression level of the <em>Sl-mstna1</em> and <em>Sl-mstna2</em> genes varied across different tissues, implying divergent regulatory mechanisms. Starvation and high temperature increased mRNA expression of <em>Sl-mstna1</em> and <em>Sl-mstna2</em>, while <em>Sl-mstnb1</em> transcription was decreased by both stress factors. The tissue-specific transcription and modulation of <em>Sl-mstnb1</em> were distinctly different from those of the <em>Sl-mstna</em> duplicates, suggesting functional divergence between the <em>Sl-mstna</em> and <em>Sl-mstnb1</em> genes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"280 ","pages":"Article 111136"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144686088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Functional modulation of gill (Na+, K+)-ATPase K-phosphatase activity in mangrove crabs with different degrees of terrestriality 不同陆生程度红树林蟹鳃(Na+, K+)-atp酶K-磷酸酶活性的功能调节

IF 1.9 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-07-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111129

Francisco A. Leone , Leonardo M. Fabri , Samuel C. Faria , Cintya M. Moraes , Luana G.L. Antonio , Daniel L. Farias , Daniela P. Garçon

Mangrove ecosystems are tidal wetlands with anaerobic, salt-saturated soils that support diverse fauna. Despite intensive studies on the osmoregulatory mechanisms of decapods inhabiting distinct osmotic niches, there is little information on the kinetic characteristics of the gill (Na⁺, K⁺)-ATPase of decapod crustaceans inhabiting mangroves. Here, we provide a comprehensive kinetic characterization of the K-phosphatase activity of the gill (Na⁺, K⁺)-ATPase in two semi-terrestrial brachyuran crabs, Goniopsis cruentata and Cardisoma guanhumi, which respectively inhabit intermittently flooded lower zones and drier upper zones along the vertical gradient of mangrove environments. This study revealed distinct kinetic profiles between the two species. Goniopsis cruentata shows twice as much K-phosphatase activity and a 3-fold greater affinity for p-nitrophenyl phosphate than Cardisoma guanhumi. Substrate hydrolysis by the Goniopsis cruentata enzyme follows cooperative kinetics, whereas Cardisoma guanhumi displays typical Michaelis-Menten behavior. In both species, stimulation by K⁺ ions shows cooperative kinetics. Notably, Cardisoma guanhumi also exhibits 25% higher K-phosphatase activity when both K⁺ and NH₄⁺ are present. However, whether these differences arise from phylogenetic divergence or reflect physiological adaptation to different mangrove microhabitats remains unresolved. Given the paucity of kinetic studies on (Na⁺, K⁺)-ATPase in semi-/terrestrial crabs, our data contribute novel insights into the enzymatic basis of ion transport in decapods inhabiting variable salinity environments.

红树林生态系统是潮汐湿地，具有厌氧、盐饱和的土壤，支持多种动物。尽管对生活在不同渗透生态位的十足类甲壳类动物的渗透调节机制进行了深入的研究，但对生活在红树林中的十足类甲壳类动物鳃(Na+, K+)- atp酶的动力学特征知之甚少。本文对两种半陆生短爪蟹（Goniopsis cruentata）和冠湖蟹（Cardisoma guanhumi）鳃(Na+, K+)- atp酶的K-磷酸酶活性进行了全面的动力学表征，这两种蟹分别生活在红树林环境垂直梯度上的间歇淹水下带和干旱上带。这项研究揭示了两个物种之间不同的动力学特征。与冠湖田葵相比，小角田葵的k -磷酸酶活性是冠湖田葵的2倍，对对硝基苯磷酸的亲和力是冠湖田葵的3倍。底物的水解是由Goniopsis cruentata酶遵循合作动力学，而冠湖心肌则表现出典型的Michaelis-Menten行为。在这两个物种中，K+离子的刺激表现出合作动力学。值得注意的是，当K+和NH₄+同时存在时，冠湖心病的K-磷酸酶活性也提高了25%。然而，这些差异是由系统发育差异引起的，还是反映了对不同红树林微生境的生理适应，目前尚不清楚。鉴于半/陆生螃蟹(Na+, K+)- atp酶动力学研究的缺乏，我们的数据为生活在可变盐度环境中的十足类动物离子运输的酶基础提供了新的见解。

{"title":"Functional modulation of gill (Na+, K+)-ATPase K-phosphatase activity in mangrove crabs with different degrees of terrestriality","authors":"Francisco A. Leone , Leonardo M. Fabri , Samuel C. Faria , Cintya M. Moraes , Luana G.L. Antonio , Daniel L. Farias , Daniela P. Garçon","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mangrove ecosystems are tidal wetlands with anaerobic, salt-saturated soils that support diverse fauna. Despite intensive studies on the osmoregulatory mechanisms of decapods inhabiting distinct osmotic niches, there is little information on the kinetic characteristics of the gill (Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>)-ATPase of decapod crustaceans inhabiting mangroves. Here, we provide a comprehensive kinetic characterization of the K-phosphatase activity of the gill (Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>)-ATPase in two semi-terrestrial brachyuran crabs, <em>Goniopsis cruentata</em> and <em>Cardisoma guanhumi,</em> which respectively inhabit intermittently flooded lower zones and drier upper zones along the vertical gradient of mangrove environments. This study revealed distinct kinetic profiles between the two species. <em>Goniopsis cruentata</em> shows twice as much K-phosphatase activity and a 3-fold greater affinity for <em>p</em>-nitrophenyl phosphate than <em>Cardisoma guanhumi.</em> Substrate hydrolysis by the <em>Goniopsis cruentata</em> enzyme follows cooperative kinetics, whereas <em>Cardisoma guanhumi</em> displays typical Michaelis-Menten behavior. In both species, stimulation by K<sup>+</sup> ions shows cooperative kinetics. Notably, <em>Cardisoma guanhumi</em> also exhibits 25% higher K-phosphatase activity when both K<sup>+</sup> and NH₄<sup>+</sup> are present<em>.</em> However, whether these differences arise from phylogenetic divergence or reflect physiological adaptation to different mangrove microhabitats remains unresolved. Given the paucity of kinetic studies on (Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>)-ATPase in semi-/terrestrial crabs, our data contribute novel insights into the enzymatic basis of ion transport in decapods inhabiting variable salinity environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"280 ","pages":"Article 111129"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144683628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metallothionein CgMTIII is involved in zinc binding and accumulation in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas 金属硫蛋白CgMTIII参与了太平洋牡蛎长牡蛎中锌的结合和积累。

IF 1.9 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111128

Xiang Li , Ning Kong , Wentong Hao , Lixin Feng , Lingling Wang , Linsheng Song

Metallothioneins (MTs) are a family of small, metal-binding proteins that play a pivotal role in metal storage and detoxification. The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is known for its exceptionally high zinc content, and investigating the role of MTs in oyster zinc metabolism will help elucidate the mechanisms underlying its zinc accumulation. In this study, a MT homolog CgMTIII was cloned from C. gigas to investigate its function in zinc binding and accumulation. The transcripts of CgMTIII were distributed in all examined oyster tissues including gill, mantle, adductor muscle, hepatopancreas, gonad, labial palp and haemocytes, with the highest expression in the gill and the lowest in the haemocytes. Immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) demonstrated that the recombinant CgMTIII protein exhibited high retention on the zinc-charged column, confirming its zinc-binding activity. Overexpression of CgMTIII in HEK293T cells led to a 2.34-fold increase in intracellular zinc content after 24 h of exposure to 100 μM zinc, compared to the control group. Moreover, knockdown of CgMTIII through RNA interference resulted in a 24% reduction in zinc content in the gill tissue of oysters. Collectively, CgMTIII exhibited zinc-binding activity and contributed significantly to zinc accumulation in C. gigas. These findings deepen our understanding of the zinc-enrichment mechanism in oysters and provide a theoretical foundation for breeding high‑zinc oyster varieties.

金属硫蛋白（MTs）是一类小的金属结合蛋白，在金属储存和解毒中起关键作用。太平洋牡蛎长牡蛎以其极高的锌含量而闻名，研究MTs在牡蛎锌代谢中的作用将有助于阐明其锌积累的机制。本研究从C. gigas中克隆了一个MT同源基因CgMTIII，以研究其在锌结合和积累中的功能。CgMTIII转录本分布在牡蛎的鳃、套、内收肌、肝胰腺、性腺、唇瓣和血细胞中，其中鳃中表达量最高，血细胞中表达量最低。固定化金属离子亲和层析（IMAC）表明，重组CgMTIII蛋白在带锌柱上具有较高的保留率，证实了其与锌的结合活性。与对照组相比，暴露于100 μM锌24 h后，HEK293T细胞中CgMTIII的过表达导致细胞内锌含量增加2.34倍。此外，通过RNA干扰敲除CgMTIII导致牡蛎鳃组织中锌含量降低24% %。综上所述，CgMTIII表现出锌结合活性，并对C. gigas中锌的积累有显著贡献。这些发现加深了我们对牡蛎锌富集机制的认识，为培育高锌牡蛎品种提供了理论基础。

{"title":"Metallothionein CgMTIII is involved in zinc binding and accumulation in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas","authors":"Xiang Li , Ning Kong , Wentong Hao , Lixin Feng , Lingling Wang , Linsheng Song","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metallothioneins (MTs) are a family of small, metal-binding proteins that play a pivotal role in metal storage and detoxification. The Pacific oyster <em>Crassostrea gigas</em> is known for its exceptionally high zinc content, and investigating the role of MTs in oyster zinc metabolism will help elucidate the mechanisms underlying its zinc accumulation. In this study, a MT homolog <em>Cg</em>MTIII was cloned from <em>C. gigas</em> to investigate its function in zinc binding and accumulation. The transcripts of <em>Cg</em>MTIII were distributed in all examined oyster tissues including gill, mantle, adductor muscle, hepatopancreas, gonad, labial palp and haemocytes, with the highest expression in the gill and the lowest in the haemocytes. Immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) demonstrated that the recombinant <em>Cg</em>MTIII protein exhibited high retention on the zinc-charged column, confirming its zinc-binding activity. Overexpression of <em>Cg</em>MTIII in HEK293T cells led to a 2.34-fold increase in intracellular zinc content after 24 h of exposure to 100 μM zinc, compared to the control group. Moreover, knockdown of <em>Cg</em>MTIII through RNA interference resulted in a 24% reduction in zinc content in the gill tissue of oysters. Collectively, <em>Cg</em>MTIII exhibited zinc-binding activity and contributed significantly to zinc accumulation in <em>C. gigas</em>. These findings deepen our understanding of the zinc-enrichment mechanism in oysters and provide a theoretical foundation for breeding high‑zinc oyster varieties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 111128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144621214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0