Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology最新文献_第6页

Microplastic and Vibrio harveyi co-exposure induces oxidative stress in big-belly seahorse Hippocampus abdominalis 微塑料与哈维弧菌共暴露诱导大腹海马海马腹肌氧化应激

IF 1.9 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-07-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111124

Jin A Kim , Jong Yoon Lee , Seong Don Hwang , Jun-Hwan Kim , Cheol Young Choi

Microplastics in marine environments can act as vectors for pathogenic bacteria, increasing the risk of infection and physiological stress in marine organisms. Seahorses, which inhabit coastal ecosystems, may be vulnerable to the combined effects of microplastics and bacterial pathogens such as Vibrio harveyi. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of microplastic and bacteria co-exposure on big-belly seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis). Microbeads (MBs) were introduced via water exposure, while V. harveyi was administered by injection. Seahorses were exposed to microbeads (MBs; concentration; 50 beads/L; size, 0.2 and 1.0 μm), V. harveyi (1 × 10³ CFU/mL), and a combination of both for 4 days to evaluate oxidative stress responses. Tissue sampling was performed at 0, 1, 2, and 4 days. Notably, MB accumulation in the gills and intestine was significantly higher in the group co-exposured to MB and bacteria than in the single exposure groups. V. harveyi copy number in the liver was significantly higher in the co-exposure groups, especially in the Vh + MB1.0 group. Compared with the control group, MB and V. harveyi co-exposure significantly upregulated antioxidant response, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and 1-cysteine peroxiredoxin mRNA and protein levels. Additionally, hydrogen peroxide levels and DNA damage were elevated in the Vh + MB1.0 group, indicating enhanced oxidative stress and genotoxicity. In conclusion, MB and V. harveyi co-exposure induces oxidative stress and DNA damage in seahorse, suggesting potential ecological risks associated with simultaneous exposure to microplastics and marine pathogens in coastal ecosystems.

海洋环境中的微塑料可作为致病菌的载体，增加了海洋生物感染和生理应激的风险。生活在沿海生态系统中的海马可能很容易受到微塑料和哈维弧菌等细菌病原体的综合影响。因此，本研究旨在探讨微塑料和细菌共同暴露对大腹海马（Hippocampus abdominalis）的影响。微珠（MBs）通过水暴露引入，而哈维氏弧菌通过注射给药。海马暴露于微珠（MBs）；浓度;50个珠子/ L;大小，0.2和1.0 μm)， V. harveyi (1 × 103 CFU/mL)，以及两者的组合4天，以评估氧化应激反应。在第0、1、2和4天进行组织取样。值得注意的是，与单独暴露组相比，MB和细菌共同暴露组的鳃和肠道中的MB积累量显著增加。共暴露组肝脏中V. harveyi拷贝数显著升高，特别是在Vh + MB1.0组。与对照组相比，MB和V. harveyi共暴露显著上调抗氧化反应，包括超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和1-半胱氨酸过氧化物还蛋白mRNA和蛋白水平。此外，过氧化氢水平和DNA损伤在Vh + MB1.0组升高，表明氧化应激和遗传毒性增强。综上所述，MB和V. harveyi共暴露可诱导海马氧化应激和DNA损伤，提示沿海生态系统中同时暴露于微塑料和海洋病原体可能存在生态风险。

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引用次数: 0

Cloning of the Na+-K+-2Cl−(NKCC) transporter in Macrobrachium rosenbergii and its role in osmoregulation 罗氏沼虾Na+-K+-2Cl - (NKCC)转运体的克隆及其在渗透调节中的作用

IF 1.9 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111123

Weifeng Gao, Lu Chen, Qianqian Ding, Xiaojian Gao, Yao Zhang, Xiaojun Zhang, Qun Jiang

The full-length cDNA sequences of two Na-K-2Cl cotransporter (NKCC) isoforms, MrNKCC1 and MrNKCC2, were identified in Macrobrachium rosenbergii. MrNKCC1 contains a 3183 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 1060 amino acids, while MrNKCC2 has a 2679 bp ORF encoding 892 amino acids. Both isoforms share a similar predicted secondary structure, featuring 12 transmembrane domains and a C-terminal, and their amino acid sequences and domain arrangement are highly conserved. Phylogenetic analysis groups fish and crustacean NKCC isoforms into distinct branches, each containing two isoforms. Expression analysis using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) revealed distinct tissue distribution patterns. MrNKCC1 was broadly expressed, with the highest levels in the intestine, whereas MrNKCC2 was predominantly found in the gill, hepatopancreas, and epidermis, with peak expression in the gill. To examine their roles in osmoregulation, prawns were exposed to 24 ‰ seawater for 96 h. Hemolymph concentrations of Cl⁻, K⁺, and Na⁺ increased, peaking at 24, 24, and 12 h, respectively. During this period, MrNKCC1 expression was suppressed, while MrNKCC2 expression significantly increased at 2 h after seawater exposure and then returned to initial levels. Gill filaments showed significant histological changes under seawater exposure, including the expansion and proliferation of chloride-secreting cells. Following a 96-h seawater exposure, prawns were transferred to freshwater. This transition led to a decline in plasma Cl⁻, K⁺, and Na⁺ concentrations, accompanied by a marked increase in MrNKCC1 and MrNKCC2 expression. The rapid transcriptional response of both MrNKCC isoforms to salinity fluctuations highlights their critical role in the osmoregulatory mechanisms of M. rosenbergii.

在罗氏沼虾（Macrobrachium rosenbergii）中鉴定了两个Na-K-2Cl共转运体（NKCC）亚型MrNKCC1和MrNKCC2的全长cDNA序列。MrNKCC1含有3183 bp的开放阅读框（ORF），编码1060个氨基酸，MrNKCC2含有2679 bp的ORF，编码892个氨基酸。两种异构体具有相似的预测二级结构，均具有12个跨膜结构域和一个c -末端，其氨基酸序列和结构域排列高度保守。系统发育分析将鱼类和甲壳类的NKCC亚型分为不同的分支，每个分支包含两个亚型。实时定量PCR （qPCR）表达分析揭示了不同的组织分布模式。MrNKCC1广泛表达，在肠道中表达量最高，而MrNKCC2主要存在于鳃、肝胰腺和表皮中，在鳃中表达量最高。为了研究它们在渗透调节中的作用，将对虾暴露在24‰海水中96 h，血淋巴中Cl−、K+和Na+浓度分别在24、24和12 h达到峰值。在此期间，MrNKCC1的表达受到抑制，而MrNKCC2的表达在海水暴露后2 h显著增加，然后恢复到初始水平。在海水照射下，鳃丝发生了明显的组织学变化，包括分泌氯化物的细胞的扩张和增殖。在海水中暴露96小时后，将对虾转移到淡水中。这种转变导致血浆Cl−、K+和Na+浓度下降，同时MrNKCC1和MrNKCC2表达显著增加。两种MrNKCC亚型对盐度波动的快速转录反应突出了它们在罗氏m.r obergii渗透调节机制中的关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative sensitivity of marine invertebrate lipids to oxidation under prooxidant conditions in vitro 海洋无脊椎动物脂类在体外促氧化条件下对氧化的比较敏感性。

IF 1.9 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111121

Aleksandra Istomina, Viktor Chelomin, Olesya Elovskaya, Nadezhda Dovzhenko, Valentina Slobodskova, Lyudmila Kolosova, Yuliya Fedorets

The current study compared the degree of oxidative damage induced by Fenton reagents (ferrous sulfate and hydrogen peroxide) in the digestive tissue homogenates of 13 species of marine invertebrates (mollusks and echinoderms). Lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBARS) was used to estimate the potential resistance to lipid peroxidation in the studied organisms. These data showed that invertebrates can be divided into two groups. The first group included sea urchins and gastropod mollusks, which had a high level of integrated antiradical activity (IAA) and a low level of lipids available for peroxidation (LPA). The second group included sea stars and bivalves, which have low levels of IAA and varying amounts of LPA. On the basis of these data, it is hypothesized that species occupying the upper littoral and intertidal zones (sea urchins, gastropod mollusks), and which are exposed to fluctuations in factors that affect metabolic processes and thus alter the levels of reactive oxygen species, are adapted for such settings through a high antioxidant potential. Conversely, species that inhabit deeper waters under more stable conditions (bivalves, sea stars), do not need to maintain a high concentration of low-molecular-weight antioxidants. This may represent an important adaptation of these species to environmental fluctuations in their natural habitats.

本研究比较了Fenton试剂（硫酸亚铁和过氧化氢）对13种海洋无脊椎动物（软体动物和棘皮动物）消化组织匀浆的氧化损伤程度。脂质过氧化（硫代巴比妥酸反应物质，TBARS）被用来评估研究生物对脂质过氧化的潜在抗性。这些数据表明，无脊椎动物可以分为两类。第一组包括海胆和腹足类软体动物，它们具有高水平的综合抗自由基活性（IAA）和低水平的过氧化脂质（LPA）。第二组包括海星和双壳类动物，它们的IAA含量低，LPA含量不同。在这些数据的基础上，假设占据上滨海和潮间带的物种（海胆、腹足类软体动物），暴露于影响代谢过程的因素波动中，从而改变活性氧的水平，通过高抗氧化潜力适应这种环境。相反，在更稳定的条件下生活在更深水域的物种（双壳类，海星）不需要维持高浓度的低分子量抗氧化剂。这可能代表了这些物种对其自然栖息地环境波动的重要适应。

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引用次数: 0

Iron mineral formation using chiton-derived ferritins 利用石壳衍生铁蛋白形成铁矿物。

IF 1.9 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111120

Shenghao Du, Juanli Liao, Dawei Sun, Chuang Liu

The teeth of chitons, a group of marine mollusks, rank among the hardest biomaterials found on earth. These teeth are composed of structurally ordered iron oxide minerals. Ferritin is an iron-storage protein known to regulate iron metabolism across diverse organisms; however, its role in iron biomineralization in chiton teeth remains unclear. Herein, ferritins were isolated from chiton hemolymph. Transcriptome- and proteome-based analysis revealed that the main ferritins in chiton hemolymph are also found in chiton radulae, which is supported by their elevated transcriptional abundance in radular tissues. In vitro assays revealed that these ferritins can bind iron ions and promote the formation of iron-based minerals. Ex vivo experiments using unmineralized radular scaffolds further showed that chiton ferritins facilitate iron oxide biomineralization, although the resulting crystals differed structurally from the native magnetite found in mature teeth. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the conservation of ferritins among chitons, indicative of their universal role in tooth formation in chitons. Our findings advance the molecular understanding of iron-based biomineralization in chitons and provide insights for the design of synthetic iron-based nanomaterials.

石鳖是一种海洋软体动物，它们的牙齿是地球上发现的最坚硬的生物材料之一。这些牙齿是由结构有序的氧化铁矿物组成的。铁蛋白是一种铁储存蛋白，可以调节不同生物体的铁代谢；然而，其在石鳖牙齿铁生物矿化中的作用尚不清楚。本文从石鳖血淋巴中分离出铁蛋白。基于转录组学和蛋白质组学的分析表明，石鳖血淋巴中的主要铁蛋白也存在于石鳖结节组织中，这与它们在结节组织中的转录丰度升高有关。体外实验表明，这些铁蛋白可以结合铁离子，促进铁基矿物的形成。使用未矿化的根状支架进行的体外实验进一步表明，石壳铁蛋白促进氧化铁生物矿化，尽管所产生的晶体在结构上与成熟牙齿中发现的天然磁铁矿不同。系统发育分析证实了铁蛋白在石鳖中的保守性，表明铁蛋白在石鳖牙齿形成中的普遍作用。我们的发现促进了对石粒中铁基生物矿化的分子理解，并为合成铁基纳米材料的设计提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0

Effects on life parameters and fatty acid expression profiles in response to elevated temperatures in CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene–targeted mutants of two desaturase (Δ9–3 and Δ5/6) genes in the water flea Daphnia magna 大水蚤（Daphnia magna）两种去饱和酶（Δ9-3和Δ5/6）基因CRISPR/ cas9介导的基因靶向突变体在高温下对生命参数和脂肪酸表达谱的影响

IF 1.9 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111119

Deok-Seo Yoon , Eunjin Byeon , Seong Chan Yun , Haksoo Jeong , Jin-Sol Lee , Yunfei Sun , Eun-Ji Won , Heum Gi Park , Zhou Yang , Atsushi Hagiwara , Min-Chul Lee , Jae-Seong Lee

Fatty-acid desaturation is central to membrane homeostasis and thermal performance in ectotherms. We disrupted the Δ9–3 (MUFA-specific) and Δ5/6 (long-chain PUFA-specific) desaturase genes in Daphnia magna with CRISPR/Cas9 and compared wild-type and knockout lines at 23 °C and 28 °C. Loss of Δ9–3 substantially depleted monounsaturated fatty acids, especially oleic and palmitoleic acids, with a compensatory rise in total polyunsaturates. These lipid shifts coincided with enhanced growth and fecundity under benign temperature but translated into reduced reproductive output when heat stress was imposed, indicating a context-dependent trade-off. In contrast, deletion of Δ5/6 selectively impaired the n-6 pathway at high temperature, leading to pronounced reductions in total PUFA reserves and a severe decline in offspring production; the usual growth benefit of warming was also abolished. Together, the data reveal that Δ9–3 supports MUFA supply needed for baseline metabolism, whereas Δ5/6 maintains PUFA reserves critical for reproduction under thermal challenge. Divergent desaturase functions thus play distinct roles in lipid remodeling and contribute to climate resilience in freshwater zooplankton.

脂肪酸去饱和对恒温动物的膜稳态和热性能至关重要。我们用CRISPR/Cas9破坏了大水蚤（Daphnia magna）的Δ9-3 （mufa特异性）和Δ5/6（长链pufa特异性）去饱和酶基因，并在23 °C和28 °C下比较了野生型和敲除系。Δ9-3大量消耗的单不饱和脂肪酸，特别是油酸和棕榈油酸，随着总多不饱和脂肪酸的补偿性增加而减少。这些脂质变化与良性温度下的生长和繁殖力增强相一致，但在施加热应激时转化为生殖产量降低，表明了环境依赖的权衡。相反，Δ5/6的缺失在高温下选择性地破坏了n-6通路，导致PUFA总储备明显减少，后代产量严重下降；气候变暖通常带来的增长效益也被取消了。总之，数据显示Δ9-3支持基线代谢所需的多聚脂肪酸供应，而Δ5/6维持在热挑战下繁殖所需的多聚脂肪酸储备。因此，不同的去饱和酶功能在淡水浮游动物的脂质重塑和气候适应中发挥着不同的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Molecular characterization of HSP70, HSP90a, expression responses and biochemical changes in yellowfin seabream Acanthopagrus latus (Houttuyn 1782) under temperature stress HSP70、HSP90a在温度胁迫下的分子特征、表达响应及生化变化

IF 1.9 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111118

Jing-Jing Wu , Ya-Ling Li , Jin-Min Pan , Hua-Yang Guo , Bao-Suo Liu , Nan Zhang , Lin Xian , Ke-Cheng Zhu , Dian-Chang Zhang

This study investigates the molecular characteristics and expression profiles of heat shock proteins (HSP70, HSP90a, and HSP90a1) and biochemical changes in yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus) under acute temperature stress. The full-length cDNA sequences of these HSPs were cloned and analyzed, revealing open reading frames encoding 639, 730, and 724 amino acids, respectively, each containing conserved motifs indicative of their roles in the stress response. Tissue-specific expression analysis showed that AlHSP70 was predominantly expressed in the kidney, while AlHSP90a and AlHSP90a1 exhibited highest expression levels in the heart of healthy adult males. Under acute temperature stress, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) demonstrated that hepatic expression levels of these genes in juvenile fish initially increased, followed by a decrease and stabilization over time. Concurrently, activities of antioxidant enzymes—total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and catalase (CAT)—and the metabolic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the liver showed a similar pattern of initial elevation followed by decline. These findings suggest that HSPs play a critical role in the physiological response to temperature-induced stress, contributing to protection against oxidative damage in A. latus. This study provides fundamental insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying thermal stress acclimation in this species.

本研究探讨了急性温度胁迫下黄鳍鲷（Acanthopagrus latus）热休克蛋白（HSP70、HSP90a和HSP90a1）的分子特征、表达谱及生化变化。克隆并分析了这些热休克蛋白的全长cDNA序列，揭示了分别编码639、730和724个氨基酸的开放阅读框，每个阅读框都含有保守的基序，表明它们在应激反应中的作用。组织特异性表达分析显示，AlHSP70主要在肾脏中表达，而AlHSP90a和AlHSP90a1在健康成年男性的心脏中表达水平最高。在急性温度胁迫下，实时荧光定量PCR （qPCR）结果显示，这些基因在幼鱼肝脏中的表达水平最初升高，随后随着时间的推移逐渐下降并趋于稳定。同时，肝脏中抗氧化酶——总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）以及代谢酶乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）的活性也呈现出类似的先升高后下降的模式。这些发现表明，热休克蛋白在温度诱导应激的生理反应中起关键作用，有助于保护拉胡斯免受氧化损伤。本研究为该物种热胁迫驯化的分子机制提供了基本的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Plant oils induce fatty acid plasticity in Artemia – A comparison among newly hatched, starved, and enriched nauplii 植物油诱导Artemia脂肪酸可塑性——新孵化、饥饿和富集的鹦鹉螺的比较

IF 1.9 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111117

Seyed-Mohammadreza Samaee , Alicia Estévez

Artemia nauplii (AN) are commonly fed as live prey, although they are deficient in certain fatty acids (FAs). To address this deficiency, AN are directly enriched with the necessary FAs. However, while the use of plant oils (POs) in aquafeed is common practice, their applicability toward mass production of enriched AN has not been fully explored. The goal of this study was to investigate the flexibility of AN FA synthesis in response to POs. Three olive oils (OOs) derived from single-cultivar trees (Kor, Par, and Arg) were used to enrich AN. Newly hatched (AN0) and 36-h starved AN (AN36) were designated as unenriched groups. While certain FAs increased (16:1n-7, 18:1n-7, 18:1n-9, 18:2n-6, 18:3n-3, 20:4n-6, and 20:5n-3) from AN0 to AN36, others, such as 16:0 and 18:0, decreased, indicating ongoing FA synthesis in AN. Regression models revealed interrelationships among FAs in AN36. The AN enriched with OOs exhibited significant changes in their FA profiles and interrelationships. These changes were attributed to either biosynthesis or dietary factors. Overall, the results suggest that using POs, as sustainable enrichment components, can effectively modify FA metabolism in AN to achieve desired FA profiles.

虽然它们缺乏某些脂肪酸（FAs），但通常作为活猎物食用。为了解决这一缺陷，AN直接与必要的FAs富集。然而，虽然在水产饲料中使用植物油（POs）是一种普遍做法，但它们在大规模生产富集AN方面的适用性尚未得到充分探索。本研究的目的是研究AN FA合成对POs响应的灵活性。使用来自单一品种树木（Kor， Par和Arg）的三种橄榄油（oo）来富集AN。新孵化（AN0）和饥饿36 h的AN （AN36）为未富集组。从AN0到AN36，某些FAs增加了（16:1n-7、18:1n-7、18:1n-9、18:2n-6、18:3n-3、20:4n-6和20:5n-3），而其他的，如16:0和18:0，则减少了，表明在AN中仍在进行FA合成。回归模型揭示了AN36中FAs之间的相互关系。富含OOs的AN在FA谱和相互关系上表现出显著的变化。这些变化可归因于生物合成或饮食因素。综上所述，结果表明，使用POs作为可持续富集组分，可以有效地改变AN中的FA代谢，以获得所需的FA谱。

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引用次数: 0

Structural and functional plasticity of metal-responsive transcription factor 1 (MTF-1) within Lophotrochozoa 金属响应转录因子1 （MTF-1）在磷藻中的结构和功能可塑性。

IF 1.9 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-06-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111116

Veronika Pedrini-Martha , Bernhard Egger , Michael Niederwanger , Reinhard Dallinger , Martina Höckner

Control of metal ion metabolism in animals is crucial for their survival. In this context, the regulation of metallothioneins (MTs), key proteins in metal metabolism and detoxification, by the metal regulatory transcription factor MTF-1 is well established in vertebrates and Drosophila melanogaster. However, the metal-dependent regulation of MT genes in most other invertebrates remains poorly understood, with MTF-1 so far identified in only a few invertebrate species. In the present study, we identified the presence of MTF-1 in diverse species within Lophotrochozoa. Specifically, we confirmed the functionality of MTF-1 from Helix pomatia (Gastropoda) and Lumbricus terrestris (Annelida) through in vitro co-expression studies using a dual-luciferase assay. We also demonstrate that the conserved zinc finger region appears to be the functional centrepiece of MTF-1 throughout all animal phyla, supporting core transcription factor functions across different species. In contrast, there is high variability in the up- and downstream MTF-1 sequences which may reflect the potential for additional functions, such as species- and habitat-specific adaptations. Our study provides a comprehensive framework for better understanding MTF-1 sequence and functional variability between closely and more distantly related species.

动物体内金属离子代谢的控制对其生存至关重要。在这种情况下，金属调节转录因子MTF-1对金属代谢和解毒的关键蛋白金属硫蛋白（MTs）的调节在脊椎动物和果蝇中已经得到了很好的证实。然而，在大多数其他无脊椎动物中，MT基因的金属依赖性调控仍然知之甚少，迄今为止仅在少数无脊椎动物物种中发现了MTF-1。在本研究中，我们发现MTF-1存在于不同种类的浮游动物中。具体来说，我们通过使用双荧光素酶测定法在体外共表达研究中证实了螺旋pomatia（腹足动物）和Lumbricus terrestris（环节动物）的MTF-1的功能。我们还证明，保守的锌指区似乎是所有动物门中MTF-1的功能中心，支持不同物种的核心转录因子功能。相反，上游和下游的MTF-1序列具有很高的变异性，这可能反映了其他功能的潜力，例如物种和栖息地特异性适应。我们的研究为更好地理解MTF-1序列和近亲和远亲物种之间的功能差异提供了一个全面的框架。

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引用次数: 0

Regulatory mechanism of viperin in the interferon signaling pathway of large yellow croaker: Characterization of the promoter region viperin在大黄鱼干扰素信号通路中的调控机制：启动子区域的表征。

IF 1.9 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111115

Wen Luo, Hongling Wu, Ying Huang, Wenzheng Zou, Fang Han

Viperin (Virus inhibitory protein, endoplasmic reticulum-associated, IFN-inducible) is a broad-spectrum antiviral protein widely involved in vertebrate innate immune regulation. This study cloned the 5′ flanking promoter region (2010 bp) of the viperin gene (named as LcViperin) in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) and analyzed its promoter characteristics through bioinformatics and dual-luciferase reporter assays. Results indicated that the LcViperin promoter region contains two TATA boxes and several critical transcription factor binding sites, including interferon-stimulated response elements (ISREs), GATA-binding factor 1 (GATA1), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7), and signal transduction and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1). Promoter region truncation experiments in HEK 293 T cells further confirmed that the core promoter region is located between −331 and − 121 bp. LcViperin overexpression significantly activated IRF3, IRF7, and IFN1 promoters in a dose-dependent manner. Domain deletion experiments demonstrated that the N-terminal and SAM (S-adenosyl-L-methionine) domains play key roles in promoter activation. Additionally, co-transfection with LcViperin and IRAK1 (interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1, named as LcIRAK1) significantly enhanced IRF3, IRF7, and IFN1 promoter activity. This study reveals the regulatory characteristics of the large yellow croaker viperin promoter and its role in the interferon signaling pathway, providing a theoretical basis for understanding its immune regulatory mechanism and improving disease resistance in large yellow croaker. It also offers a scientific basis for understanding viperin regulation and its application in disease prevention in aquaculture.

Viperin（病毒抑制蛋白，内质网相关蛋白，ifn诱导）是一种广谱抗病毒蛋白，广泛参与脊椎动物先天免疫调节。本研究克隆了大黄鱼（Larimichthys crocea） viperin基因（命名为LcViperin）的5'侧翼启动子区域（2010 bp），并通过生物信息学和双荧光素酶报告基因分析了其启动子特征。结果表明，LcViperin启动子区域包含两个TATA盒子和几个关键的转录因子结合位点，包括干扰素刺激反应元件（ISREs）、gata结合因子1 （GATA1）、活化B细胞核因子kappa-轻链增强子（NF-κB）、干扰素调节因子7 （IRF7）和信号转导和转录激活因子1 （STAT1）。HEK 293 T细胞启动子区域截断实验进一步证实，核心启动子区域位于-331和 - 121 bp之间。LcViperin过表达显著激活IRF3、IRF7和IFN1启动子，呈剂量依赖性。结构域缺失实验表明，n端和SAM （s -腺苷- l-蛋氨酸）结构域在启动子激活中起关键作用。此外，LcViperin和IRAK1（白细胞介素-1受体相关激酶1，称为LcIRAK1）共转染显著增强了IRF3、IRF7和IFN1启动子活性。本研究揭示了大黄鱼viperin启动子的调控特性及其在干扰素信号通路中的作用，为了解其免疫调控机制，提高大黄鱼抗病能力提供理论依据。为了解蛇毒素的调控作用及其在水产养殖疾病防治中的应用提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Modifications to skeletal muscle morphology correlate with increased thermogenic capacity during cold-acclimation in Dark-eyed Juncos (Junco hyemalis) 在冷驯化过程中，骨骼肌形态的改变与黑眼Juncos （Junco hyemalis）产热能力的增加有关。

IF 1.9 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111114

Maria Stager , Luke R Wilde , Rebecca Ganley , Cory R Elowe

Many small endotherms increase their capacity to produce heat in response to cold temperatures. This organismal response is underlain by modifications to lower levels of biological organization. Here we investigated potential changes to muscle morphology in cold-acclimated Dark-eyed Juncos (Junco hyemalis), a widespread North American sparrow. We quantified pectoralis fiber density, fiber cross-sectional area, capillary density, capillary-to-fiber ratio, and fiber type for individuals exposed to cold (−8 °C) or control (18 °C) temperature treatments lasting one to six weeks in duration. We then related pectoralis morphological traits to metabolic traits for these same individuals. We show that pectoralis fiber density quickly increased in the cold, and positively correlated with summit metabolic rate (a proxy for maximal thermogenic capacity) and resting metabolic rate (an index of maintenance cost) in the cold. Fiber density was not, however, related to the duration of the treatment. Moreover, juncos did not exhibit changes in capillarity or fiber type. Our results suggest one physiological avenue by which songbirds may rapidly alter organismal performance in response to variation in ambient temperature.

许多小型恒温动物为了应对寒冷的温度，增加了它们产生热量的能力。这种有机体反应的基础是对较低水平生物组织的修改。在这里，我们研究了一种广泛分布的北美麻雀，适应寒冷的黑眼雀（Junco hyemalis）肌肉形态的潜在变化。我们量化了暴露在持续一到六周的低温（-8 °C）或对照（18 °C）温度处理下的个体的胸肌纤维密度、纤维横截面积、毛细血管密度、毛细血管与纤维的比率和纤维类型。然后，我们将这些个体的胸肌形态特征与代谢特征联系起来。研究表明，胸肌纤维密度在寒冷条件下迅速增加，并与高峰代谢率（最大产热能力的代表）和静息代谢率（维持成本的指标）呈正相关。然而，纤维密度与治疗时间无关。此外，juncos在毛细性和纤维类型上没有表现出变化。我们的研究结果表明，鸣禽可能通过生理途径迅速改变机体性能，以响应环境温度的变化。

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引用次数: 0