Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology最新文献_第2页

Iron overload induces hepatic iron deposition and oxidative damage in freshwater fish Megalobrama amblycephala by inhibiting ferroportin 1 gene expression 铁超载通过抑制铁转运蛋白1基因表达诱导淡水鱼鳙鱼肝脏铁沉积和氧化损伤。

IF 1.8 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111188

Zhengyan Gu , Linjie Qian , Wenqiang Jiang , Siyue Lu , Yan Lin , Xianping Ge , Zhen Liu , Fufa Qu , Linghong Miao

This study investigated the effects of plasma iron overload on hepatic ferroportin 1 (fpn1) expression, iron metabolism and oxidative stress. The experiment presents the first cloning and characterization of Megalobrama amblycephala fpn1. The open reading frame (ORF) is 1689 bp, encoding a 562-amino-acid protein predicted to adopt a canonical major facilitator superfamily (MFS) fold with 12 transmembrane domains. Tissue distribution revealed the highest fpn1 expression in the liver, followed by the trunk kidney, spleen, and posterior intestine. To investigate fpn1's role in iron metabolism, a plasma iron overload model was established by tail vein injection of sterile FeSO₄ solution (1 g/L, 0.5 mL/kg body weight). Plasma iron peaked at 6 h post-injection (hpi), while hepatic iron peaked at 12 hpi (P < 0.05). Signs of hepatic oxidative stress and injury were observed, including increased plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities (6–48 hpi), elevated hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) content (24–72 hpi), and decreased catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities (6–24 hpi) (P < 0.05). Iron overload significantly upregulated hepatic hepcidin (hepc), ferritin (fer) and transferrin (tf) expression (6–24 hpi), while downregulating fpn1, transferrin receptor 1 (tfr1) and divalent metal transporter 1 (dmt1) expression (6–72 hpi) (P < 0.05). This pattern suggests disrupted iron metabolism with impaired cellular iron export, enhanced storage, and suppressed uptake. Enhancing fpn1 expression or inhibiting its degradation may promote iron efflux, activate antioxidant systems, reduce tissue iron burden, and ultimately restore iron homeostasis.

本研究探讨了血浆铁超载对肝脏铁转运蛋白1 （fpn1）表达、铁代谢和氧化应激的影响。本实验首次克隆并鉴定了小头巨鲷fpn1。开放阅读框（ORF）为1689 bp，编码一个562个氨基酸的蛋白，预测其采用具有12个跨膜结构域的典型主要促进物超家族（MFS）折叠。组织分布显示，fpn1在肝脏中表达最高，其次是肾干、脾和后肠。为了研究fpn1在铁代谢中的作用，我们通过尾静脉注射无菌硫酸铁（1 g/L, 0.5 mL/kg）建立血浆铁超载模型。血浆铁在注射后6 h达到峰值（hpi），肝铁在注射后12 hpi达到峰值(P

{"title":"Iron overload induces hepatic iron deposition and oxidative damage in freshwater fish Megalobrama amblycephala by inhibiting ferroportin 1 gene expression","authors":"Zhengyan Gu , Linjie Qian , Wenqiang Jiang , Siyue Lu , Yan Lin , Xianping Ge , Zhen Liu , Fufa Qu , Linghong Miao","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effects of plasma iron overload on hepatic ferroportin 1 (<em>fpn1</em>) expression, iron metabolism and oxidative stress. The experiment presents the first cloning and characterization of <em>Megalobrama amblycephala fpn1</em>. The open reading frame (ORF) is 1689 bp, encoding a 562-amino-acid protein predicted to adopt a canonical major facilitator superfamily (MFS) fold with 12 transmembrane domains. Tissue distribution revealed the highest <em>fpn1</em> expression in the liver, followed by the trunk kidney, spleen, and posterior intestine. To investigate <em>fpn1</em>'s role in iron metabolism, a plasma iron overload model was established by tail vein injection of sterile FeSO₄ solution (1 g/L, 0.5 mL/kg body weight). Plasma iron peaked at 6 h post-injection (hpi), while hepatic iron peaked at 12 hpi (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Signs of hepatic oxidative stress and injury were observed, including increased plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities (6–48 hpi), elevated hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) content (24–72 hpi), and decreased catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities (6–24 hpi) (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Iron overload significantly upregulated hepatic hepcidin (<em>hepc</em>), ferritin (<em>fer</em>) and transferrin (<em>tf</em>) expression (6–24 hpi), while downregulating <em>fpn1</em>, transferrin receptor 1 (<em>tfr1</em>) and divalent metal transporter 1 (<em>dmt1</em>) expression (6–72 hpi) (<em>P</em> < 0.05). This pattern suggests disrupted iron metabolism with impaired cellular iron export, enhanced storage, and suppressed uptake. Enhancing <em>fpn1</em> expression or inhibiting its degradation may promote iron efflux, activate antioxidant systems, reduce tissue iron burden, and ultimately restore iron homeostasis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 111188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145716776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effects of short-term hypoxia on hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha mRNA and microRNA in Fundulus heteroclitus 短期缺氧对异阴囊底缺氧诱导因子1 α mRNA和microRNA的影响。

IF 1.8 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111180

Tanner M. Clow , Brittney G. Borowiec , Paul M. Craig

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (Hif1) is responsible for coordinating and regulating much of the response to acute hypoxia in vertebrates. This complex response is multifactorial, involving a large network of regulators. Within this network, epigenetic modulators, such as microRNA (miRNA), have garnered increasing interest due to their ability to regulate and fine-tune a myriad of cellular processes. Thus, we aimed to determine the effects of acute mild hypoxia on four known hypoxia-responsive miRNAs, along with three hypoxia-related transcripts. To do this, we exposed Atlantic killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus, to either normoxic (∼ 8.70 mg O₂ l⁻¹) or mild hypoxic (∼ 2.40 mg O₂ l⁻¹) conditions and sampled the gills and brain tissue throughout the exposure (0, 1, 3, 6, 12 h). While mild hypoxia resulted in a downregulation of gill hif1α mRNA, one of its downstream targets, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 (igfbp1), was significantly upregulated. Furthermore, hif1α mRNA, along with several miRNAs (miR-18, miR-455-3p, and miR-222), varied across time, suggesting potential involvement of the circadian clock. Finally, we observed that mild hypoxia resulted in differential expression of miR-210-5p and miR-222 in the brain, but not the gills, indicating tissue-specific epigenetic differences. Collectively, our results emphasize the complexity of the Hif1-mediated hypoxic response, warranting further investigation into underlying epigenetic mechanisms.

缺氧诱导因子1 （Hif1）负责协调和调节脊椎动物对急性缺氧的反应。这种复杂的反应是多因素的，涉及到一个庞大的监管网络。在这个网络中，表观遗传调节剂，如microRNA (miRNA)，由于其调节和微调无数细胞过程的能力而获得了越来越多的兴趣。因此，我们旨在确定急性轻度缺氧对四种已知的低氧反应mirna以及三种低氧相关转录物的影响。为此，我们将大西洋鳉鱼（Fundulus heteroclitus）暴露在正常氧（~ 8.70 mg O2 l-1）或轻度缺氧（~ 2.40 mg O2 l-1）条件下，并在暴露期间（0,1,3,6,12 h）对鳃和脑组织进行采样。虽然轻度缺氧导致鳃hif1α mRNA下调，但其下游靶点之一胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白1 （igfbp1）显著上调。此外，hif1α mRNA以及几种mirna （miR-18， miR-455-3p和miR-222）随时间变化，表明可能与生物钟有关。最后，我们观察到轻度缺氧导致miR-210-5p和miR-222在大脑中的差异表达，而不是在鳃中，这表明组织特异性表观遗传差异。总的来说，我们的结果强调了hf1介导的缺氧反应的复杂性，需要进一步研究潜在的表观遗传机制。

{"title":"The effects of short-term hypoxia on hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha mRNA and microRNA in Fundulus heteroclitus","authors":"Tanner M. Clow , Brittney G. Borowiec , Paul M. Craig","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (Hif1) is responsible for coordinating and regulating much of the response to acute hypoxia in vertebrates. This complex response is multifactorial, involving a large network of regulators. Within this network, epigenetic modulators, such as microRNA (miRNA), have garnered increasing interest due to their ability to regulate and fine-tune a myriad of cellular processes. Thus, we aimed to determine the effects of acute mild hypoxia on four known hypoxia-responsive miRNAs, along with three hypoxia-related transcripts. To do this, we exposed Atlantic killifish, <em>Fundulus heteroclitus</em>, to either normoxic (∼ 8.70 mg O<sub>2</sub> l<sup>−1</sup>) or mild hypoxic (∼ 2.40 mg O<sub>2</sub> l<sup>−1</sup>) conditions and sampled the gills and brain tissue throughout the exposure (0, 1, 3, 6, 12 h). While mild hypoxia resulted in a downregulation of gill <em>hif1α</em> mRNA, one of its downstream targets, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 (<em>igfbp1</em>), was significantly upregulated. Furthermore, <em>hif1α</em> mRNA, along with several miRNAs (miR-18, miR-455-3p, and miR-222), varied across time, suggesting potential involvement of the circadian clock. Finally, we observed that mild hypoxia resulted in differential expression of miR-210-5p and miR-222 in the brain, but not the gills, indicating tissue-specific epigenetic differences. Collectively, our results emphasize the complexity of the Hif1-mediated hypoxic response, warranting further investigation into underlying epigenetic mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 111180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145643167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MicroRNA profiling and functional validation reveal Poly I:C-responsive miRNAs potentially regulate immune pathways in the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii MicroRNA分析和功能验证显示Poly I: c应答mirna可能调节罗氏沼虾（Macrobrachium rosenbergi）的免疫途径

IF 1.8 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111179

Rattikon Thammason , Tanapat Pangeson , Chalermporn Ongvarrasopone , Nalinnipa Wiengnak , Amnat Phetrungnapha

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression in immune responses. In this study, we examined miRNA expression in M. rosenbergii following stimulation with polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C), a synthetic analog of viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Small RNA libraries were prepared from control and Poly I:C-injected prawns and sequenced using high-throughput sequencing. A total of 137 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified. Target gene prediction and enrichment analysis showed that these miRNAs are involved in several immune-related pathways, including the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway (UPP), endocytosis, autophagy, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway. Time-course analysis revealed distinct expression patterns of selected miRNAs after Poly I:C injection. Dual-luciferase reporter assays confirmed that mro-miR-7689-3p and mro-miR-9014 directly target nejire (nej) and autophagy-related gene 9 (atg9), respectively. These results provide new insights into the role of miRNAs in the antiviral immunity of M. rosenbergii and may support the development of RNA-based strategies for disease control in prawn aquaculture.

MicroRNAs （miRNAs）是免疫应答中重要的基因表达调控因子。在这项研究中，我们检测了用多肌苷：多胞苷酸（Poly I:C）（一种合成的病毒双链RNA （dsRNA）类似物）刺激罗氏m.r obergii后miRNA的表达。从对照和注射Poly I: c对虾制备小RNA文库，并进行高通量测序。共鉴定出137个差异表达mirna （DEMs）。靶基因预测和富集分析表明，这些mirna参与多种免疫相关途径，包括泛素-蛋白酶体途径（UPP）、内吞作用、自噬和转化生长因子-β (TGF-β)信号通路。时间过程分析显示Poly I:C注射后所选mirna的表达模式不同。双荧光素酶报告基因检测证实，mir -7689-3p和mir -9014分别直接靶向nejire （nej）和自噬相关基因9 （atg9）。这些结果为mirna在罗氏沼虾抗病毒免疫中的作用提供了新的见解，并可能支持基于rna的对虾疾病控制策略的发展。

{"title":"MicroRNA profiling and functional validation reveal Poly I:C-responsive miRNAs potentially regulate immune pathways in the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii","authors":"Rattikon Thammason , Tanapat Pangeson , Chalermporn Ongvarrasopone , Nalinnipa Wiengnak , Amnat Phetrungnapha","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression in immune responses. In this study, we examined miRNA expression in <em>M. rosenbergii</em> following stimulation with polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C), a synthetic analog of viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Small RNA libraries were prepared from control and Poly I:C-injected prawns and sequenced using high-throughput sequencing. A total of 137 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified. Target gene prediction and enrichment analysis showed that these miRNAs are involved in several immune-related pathways, including the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway (UPP), endocytosis, autophagy, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway. Time-course analysis revealed distinct expression patterns of selected miRNAs after Poly I:C injection. Dual-luciferase reporter assays confirmed that mro-miR-7689-3p and mro-miR-9014 directly target nejire (<em>nej</em>) and autophagy-related gene 9 (<em>atg9</em>), respectively. These results provide new insights into the role of miRNAs in the antiviral immunity of <em>M. rosenbergii</em> and may support the development of RNA-based strategies for disease control in prawn aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 111179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145578612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ginger powder modulates key immune and antioxidant pathways in Nile tilapia, conferring protection against Aeromonas veronii infection 姜粉调节尼罗罗非鱼的关键免疫和抗氧化途径，赋予对维罗氏气单胞菌感染的保护。

IF 1.8 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111177

Shaimaa E. Ibrahim , Fatma M. Abdelhamid , Elsayed Nabeah Abou Elgheit , Gehad E. Elshopakey , Engy F. Risha

This study evaluated the efficacy of dietary ginger powder (GP) at 1% in enhancing immunity and resilience against bacterial infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish were grouped into control and GP-supplemented groups, with the latter fed a GP-enriched diet for 14 days before a challenge with Aeromonas veronii, with continued feeding on the same diet for 7 days post-challenge. Results indicated that GP supplementation significantly enhanced red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), total protein (TP), and globulin levels, while reducing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, albumin-to-globulin (A/G) ratio, and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, without inducing pathological alterations in the liver or spleen. In contrast, the A. veronii-challenged group exhibited reduced RBCs, Hb, and PCV%, along with increased leucocytic count and liver enzyme activities. This group also exhibited elevated immune and oxidative stress markers, including respiratory burst activity (RBA), nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), MDA, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), while demonstrating reduced activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT). Additionally, the challenged group showed suppressed interleukin-1β (il-1β) and hepcidin, the key iron regulatory hormone encoded by hepcidin antimicrobial peptide (hamp), gene expression (P < 0.05), with marked histopathological alterations in the liver and spleen. Notably, GP supplementation mitigated many of these adverse effects, improving hematological and biochemical profiles, reducing oxidative stress, enhancing immune-related endpoints, and decreasing histopathological damage. Overall, the findings clearly demonstrate that GP supplementation could serve as a promising functional feed additive, improving fish health and boosting resilience against bacterial infections.

本研究评价了饲料中添加1%生姜粉（GP）提高尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）免疫力和抗细菌感染能力的效果。将鱼分为对照组和添加gp组，对照组在用维氏气单胞菌攻毒前饲喂富含gp的饲料14 d，攻毒后继续饲喂相同饲料7 d。结果表明，添加GP可显著提高大鼠红细胞（RBC）计数、血红蛋白（Hb）、堆积细胞体积（PCV）、总蛋白（TP）和球蛋白水平，同时降低碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性、白蛋白/球蛋白（A/G）比和丙二醛（MDA）浓度，且未引起肝脏和脾脏的病理改变。相比之下，A. veronii挑战组表现出红细胞，Hb和PCV%减少，同时白细胞计数和肝酶活性增加。该组还表现出免疫和氧化应激标志物升高，包括呼吸爆发活性（RBA）、一氧化氮（NO）、过氧化氢（H2O2）、丙二醛（MDA）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），同时谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性降低。此外，攻毒组小鼠白细胞介素-1β (il-1β)和hepcidin （hepcidin抗菌肽（hamp）编码的关键铁调节激素）基因表达均受到抑制（P < 0.05），肝脏和脾脏组织病理改变显著。值得注意的是，GP补充剂减轻了许多这些不良反应，改善血液学和生化特征，减少氧化应激，增强免疫相关终点，减少组织病理学损伤。总的来说，研究结果清楚地表明，GP补充剂可以作为一种有前途的功能性饲料添加剂，改善鱼类健康，增强对细菌感染的抵抗力。

{"title":"Ginger powder modulates key immune and antioxidant pathways in Nile tilapia, conferring protection against Aeromonas veronii infection","authors":"Shaimaa E. Ibrahim , Fatma M. Abdelhamid , Elsayed Nabeah Abou Elgheit , Gehad E. Elshopakey , Engy F. Risha","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the efficacy of dietary ginger powder (GP) at 1% in enhancing immunity and resilience against bacterial infection in Nile tilapia (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>). Fish were grouped into control and GP-supplemented groups, with the latter fed a GP-enriched diet for 14 days before a challenge with <em>Aeromonas veronii,</em> with continued feeding on the same diet for 7 days post-challenge. Results indicated that GP supplementation significantly enhanced red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), total protein (TP), and globulin levels, while reducing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, albumin-to-globulin (A/G) ratio, and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, without inducing pathological alterations in the liver or spleen. In contrast, the <em>A. veronii</em>-challenged group exhibited reduced RBCs, Hb, and PCV%, along with increased leucocytic count and liver enzyme activities. This group also exhibited elevated immune and oxidative stress markers, including respiratory burst activity (RBA), nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>), MDA, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), while demonstrating reduced activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT). Additionally, the challenged group showed suppressed interleukin-1β (<em>il-1β</em>) and hepcidin, the key iron regulatory hormone encoded by hepcidin antimicrobial peptide (<em>hamp</em>), gene expression (P < 0.05), with marked histopathological alterations in the liver and spleen. Notably, GP supplementation mitigated many of these adverse effects, improving hematological and biochemical profiles, reducing oxidative stress, enhancing immune-related endpoints, and decreasing histopathological damage. Overall, the findings clearly demonstrate that GP supplementation could serve as a promising functional feed additive, improving fish health and boosting resilience against bacterial infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 111177"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145566354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of dietary N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) supplementation on arginine biosynthesis, metabolism, digestion and mTOR signaling pathway gene expression in Eriocheir sinensis 饲粮中添加n -氨甲酰谷氨酸（NCG）对中华绒螯蟹精氨酸生物合成、代谢、消化及mTOR信号通路基因表达的影响

IF 1.8 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111178

Zhiqiang Liu , Jianyang Sun , Aoya Shi , Chengyi Weng , Anjun Xiang , Mengna Hou , Mengjie Zhao , Chen Zheng , Yongxu Cheng , Xiaozhen Yang

N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) is an activator of arginine biosynthesis, but its specific role in crustaceans remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the effects of NCG on arginine biosynthesis capacity, metabolism, digestion, and the gene expression of the mTOR signaling pathway in Eriocheir sinensis. In Experiment 1, hepatopancreas was cultured in vitro with NCG medium (0, 65, 75, and 85 mg/L NCG). In Experiment 2, crabs were fed either regular feed or NCG feed (content: 302.96 ± 4.07 mg/kg) for 14 days. In Experiment 1, NCG significantly upregulated pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase (p5cs) gene expression (P < 0.05), an enzyme that is related to arginine biosynthesis. Similarly, dietary NCG upregulated p5cs expression and significantly increased the activities of carbamoyl-phosphate synthase-1 (CPS-1) and P5CS in the hepatopancreas and intestine (P < 0.05). Metabolomics analysis indicated that NCG altered the metabolic profile of the hepatopancreas, promoting cholesterol metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism. In the intestine, trypsin and α-amylase activities were significantly elevated (P < 0.05). NCG also altered the composition of intestinal microflora, with an increase in Proteobacteria and in the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidota. Additionally, NCG increased the content of signaling molecule nitric oxide (NO) and upregulated the expression of genes in the mTOR signaling pathway (P < 0.05). In conclusion, NCG supplementation enhanced arginine biosynthesis capacity, stimulated intestinal enzymatic activities, and upregulated mTOR signaling pathway gene expression in Eriocheir sinensis, indicating the potential for improved metabolism and digestion.

n -氨甲酰谷氨酸（NCG）是精氨酸生物合成的激活剂，但其在甲壳类动物中的具体作用尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨NCG对中华绒螯蟹精氨酸生物合成能力、代谢、消化及mTOR信号通路基因表达的影响。实验1采用NCG培养基（0、65、75、85 mg/L NCG）体外培养肝胰腺。试验2分别饲喂常规饲料和NCG饲料（含量：302.96 ± 4.07 mg/kg），饲喂14 d。实验1中，NCG显著上调吡咯-5-羧酸合成酶（p5cs）基因表达

{"title":"Effects of dietary N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) supplementation on arginine biosynthesis, metabolism, digestion and mTOR signaling pathway gene expression in Eriocheir sinensis","authors":"Zhiqiang Liu , Jianyang Sun , Aoya Shi , Chengyi Weng , Anjun Xiang , Mengna Hou , Mengjie Zhao , Chen Zheng , Yongxu Cheng , Xiaozhen Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) is an activator of arginine biosynthesis, but its specific role in crustaceans remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the effects of NCG on arginine biosynthesis capacity, metabolism, digestion, and the gene expression of the mTOR signaling pathway in <em>Eriocheir sinensis</em>. In Experiment 1, hepatopancreas was cultured in vitro with NCG medium (0, 65, 75, and 85 mg/L NCG). In Experiment 2, crabs were fed either regular feed or NCG feed (content: 302.96 ± 4.07 mg/kg) for 14 days. In Experiment 1, NCG significantly upregulated pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase (<em>p5cs</em>) gene expression (<em>P</em> < 0.05), an enzyme that is related to arginine biosynthesis. Similarly, dietary NCG upregulated <em>p5cs</em> expression and significantly increased the activities of carbamoyl-phosphate synthase-1 (CPS-1) and P5CS in the hepatopancreas and intestine (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Metabolomics analysis indicated that NCG altered the metabolic profile of the hepatopancreas, promoting cholesterol metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism. In the intestine, trypsin and α-amylase activities were significantly elevated (<em>P</em> < 0.05). NCG also altered the composition of intestinal microflora, with an increase in Proteobacteria and in the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidota. Additionally, NCG increased the content of signaling molecule nitric oxide (NO) and upregulated the expression of genes in the mTOR signaling pathway (<em>P</em> < 0.05). In conclusion, NCG supplementation enhanced arginine biosynthesis capacity, stimulated intestinal enzymatic activities, and upregulated mTOR signaling pathway gene expression in <em>Eriocheir sinensis</em>, indicating the potential for improved metabolism and digestion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 111178"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145558296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Transfection with SV40 LT promotes oxidative damage in primary cultures of California sea lion muscle cells” [Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Volume 280 (2025) 1–9/111138]. “转染SV40 LT促进加州海狮肌肉细胞原代培养的氧化损伤”的更正[比较生物化学和生理学B部分：生物化学和分子生物学卷280(2025)1-9/111138]。

IF 1.8 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111175

Andrea C. Murillo-Cisneros , Ramón Gaxiola-Robles , Claudia J. Hernández-Camacho , Martha Reyes-Becerril , Orlando Lugo-Lugo , Tania Zenteno-Savín

引用次数: 0

Temporal dynamics of hepatic mRNA levels of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism-related genes in rainbow trout: Impact of a plant-based diet from first feeding 虹鳟鱼肝脏碳水化合物和脂质代谢相关基因mRNA水平的时间动态：首次饲喂植物性饮食的影响

IF 1.8 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111176

Cristina Fernández-Maestú , Maud Martinat , Jessica Calo , Cristina Velasco , José L. Soengas , Jérôme Roy , Ayelén M. Blanco

Early-life nutrition plays a critical role in shaping metabolic trajectories in fish, particularly in carnivorous species like rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), which displays limited capacity to utilize plant-based diets. This study investigated the temporal changes in mRNA abundance of key hepatic genes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism from first feeding to 100 days post-first meal in rainbow trout fry fed either a commercial-like or fully plant-based diet. mRNA abundance was quantified by RT-qPCR at six time points, revealing marked ontogenetic shifts in metabolic gene profiles regardless of diet. Except for gck (encoding glucokinase), glycolytic and gluconeogenic enzymes generally showed declining expression over time, while genes involved in lipogenesis, notably fasn (encoding fatty acid synthase) and acly (encoding ATP citrate synthase), increased progressively—suggesting a developmental shift toward lipogenesis and energy storage pathways. Despite similar patterns observed under both dietary conditions, fish fed the plant-based diet exhibited attenuated temporal transcriptional changes in some genes. These patterns were consistent with previously reported growth deficits in the same fish, potentially reflecting impaired metabolic acclimation. Our findings highlight that while the liver undergoes dynamic metabolic maturation during early development, plant-based diets may hinder this process, particularly in lipid handling. This work provides a molecular basis for improving feed formulations and supports the need for strategies that enhance metabolic flexibility during critical early stages in aquaculture species.

生命早期的营养在塑造鱼类的代谢轨迹中起着至关重要的作用，特别是在虹鳟鱼（Oncorhynchus mykiss）等肉食性物种中，它们利用植物性饮食的能力有限。本研究研究了虹鳟鱼鱼苗在第一次喂食到第一次用餐后100 天，与碳水化合物和脂质代谢有关的关键肝脏基因mRNA丰度的时间变化，这些基因分别饲喂商业化或完全植物性饮食。通过RT-qPCR在六个时间点量化mRNA丰度，揭示了代谢基因谱在个体发生方面的显著变化，而与饮食无关。除了gck（编码葡萄糖激酶）外，糖酵解酶和糖异生酶的表达随着时间的推移普遍下降，而参与脂肪生成的基因，尤其是fasn（编码脂肪酸合成酶）和acly（编码ATP柠檬酸合成酶）的表达则逐渐增加，这表明脂肪生成和能量储存途径的发育转变。尽管在两种饮食条件下观察到相似的模式，但喂食植物性饮食的鱼在某些基因中表现出减弱的时间转录变化。这些模式与先前报道的同一种鱼的生长缺陷一致，可能反映了代谢适应受损。我们的研究结果强调，虽然肝脏在早期发育过程中经历了动态代谢成熟，但植物性饮食可能会阻碍这一过程，特别是在脂质处理方面。这项工作为改进饲料配方提供了分子基础，并支持在关键的早期阶段提高水产养殖物种代谢灵活性的策略的需求。

{"title":"Temporal dynamics of hepatic mRNA levels of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism-related genes in rainbow trout: Impact of a plant-based diet from first feeding","authors":"Cristina Fernández-Maestú , Maud Martinat , Jessica Calo , Cristina Velasco , José L. Soengas , Jérôme Roy , Ayelén M. Blanco","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Early-life nutrition plays a critical role in shaping metabolic trajectories in fish, particularly in carnivorous species like rainbow trout (<em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em>), which displays limited capacity to utilize plant-based diets. This study investigated the temporal changes in mRNA abundance of key hepatic genes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism from first feeding to 100 days post-first meal in rainbow trout fry fed either a commercial-like or fully plant-based diet. mRNA abundance was quantified by RT-qPCR at six time points, revealing marked ontogenetic shifts in metabolic gene profiles regardless of diet. Except for <em>gck</em> (encoding glucokinase), glycolytic and gluconeogenic enzymes generally showed declining expression over time, while genes involved in lipogenesis, notably <em>fasn</em> (encoding fatty acid synthase) and <em>acly</em> (encoding ATP citrate synthase), increased progressively—suggesting a developmental shift toward lipogenesis and energy storage pathways. Despite similar patterns observed under both dietary conditions, fish fed the plant-based diet exhibited attenuated temporal transcriptional changes in some genes. These patterns were consistent with previously reported growth deficits in the same fish, potentially reflecting impaired metabolic acclimation. Our findings highlight that while the liver undergoes dynamic metabolic maturation during early development, plant-based diets may hinder this process, particularly in lipid handling. This work provides a molecular basis for improving feed formulations and supports the need for strategies that enhance metabolic flexibility during critical early stages in aquaculture species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 111176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145524933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The nacre protein Hcperlucin provides antibacterial defense following Aeromonas hydrophila infection and crystal morphological modification during shell biomineralization in Hyriopsis cumingii 珠光蛋白高lucin在三角帆蚌壳生物矿化过程中对嗜水气单胞菌感染和晶体形态改变具有抗菌防御作用。

IF 1.8 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111172

Xiaoyang Tan , Jiayi Zhang , Haohan Xu , Kang Cheng , Yihang Zhang , Jingwen Pu , Can Jin , Wen Luo

C-type lectins trigger innate immunity by recognizing conserved bacteria features and also play a functional role in shell formation. However, most studies focus exclusively on one of these functions. Hcperlucin, a typical C-type lectin, is recognized as a matrix protein in the nacreous layer of the shell of Hyriopsis cumingii. In this study, the expression level of Hcperlucin in the mantle and hemocytes was significantly upregulated following Aeromonas hydrophila stimulation. Inhibition of Hcperlucin led to a downregulation of the expression of theromacin and big defensin. Recombinant protein SUMO-Hcperlucin demonstrated a significant inhibitory effect on bacterial growth. These results suggest that Hcperlucin plays a crucial role in innate immunity. Furthermore, the suppression of Hcperlucin at both the transcriptional and protein levels resulted in the disappearance of nacre platelets from the nucleus. SUMO-Hcperlucin promoted the formation of spherical crystal structures. These results indicate that Hcperlucin is directly involved in the morphological modification of crystals during shell biomineralization. Additionally, the relatively high expression of Hcperlucin in hemocytes within the pearl sac, suggests that Hcperlucin also participates in the initial stages of pearl biomineralization. Overall, these results deepen our understanding of the role of immune components in biomineralization.

c型凝集素通过识别保守的细菌特征触发先天免疫，并在外壳形成中发挥功能作用。然而，大多数研究只关注其中一种功能。高lucin是一种典型的c型凝集素，被认为是三角帆蚌（Hyriopsis cumingii）壳珍珠层的基质蛋白。在本研究中，受嗜水气单胞菌刺激后，套膜和血细胞中高lucin的表达水平显著上调。抑制高lucin导致theromacin和大防御素的表达下调。重组蛋白sumo - hperlucin对细菌生长有明显的抑制作用。这些结果表明，hperlucin在先天免疫中起着至关重要的作用。此外，在转录和蛋白水平上抑制高lucin导致珍珠层血小板从细胞核中消失。sumo -超lucin促进了球形晶体结构的形成。这些结果表明，高lucin直接参与了壳生物矿化过程中晶体的形态改变。此外，在珍珠囊内的血细胞中，hperlucin的相对高表达表明hperlucin也参与了珍珠生物矿化的初始阶段。总的来说，这些结果加深了我们对免疫成分在生物矿化中的作用的理解。

{"title":"The nacre protein Hcperlucin provides antibacterial defense following Aeromonas hydrophila infection and crystal morphological modification during shell biomineralization in Hyriopsis cumingii","authors":"Xiaoyang Tan , Jiayi Zhang , Haohan Xu , Kang Cheng , Yihang Zhang , Jingwen Pu , Can Jin , Wen Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>C-type lectins trigger innate immunity by recognizing conserved bacteria features and also play a functional role in shell formation. However, most studies focus exclusively on one of these functions. <em>Hc</em>perlucin, a typical C-type lectin, is recognized as a matrix protein in the nacreous layer of the shell of <em>Hyriopsis cumingii</em>. In this study, the expression level of <em>Hc</em>perlucin in the mantle and hemocytes was significantly upregulated following <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> stimulation. Inhibition of <em>Hc</em>perlucin led to a downregulation of the expression of theromacin and big defensin. Recombinant protein SUMO-<em>Hc</em>perlucin demonstrated a significant inhibitory effect on bacterial growth. These results suggest that <em>Hc</em>perlucin plays a crucial role in innate immunity. Furthermore, the suppression of <em>Hc</em>perlucin at both the transcriptional and protein levels resulted in the disappearance of nacre platelets from the nucleus. SUMO-<em>Hc</em>perlucin promoted the formation of spherical crystal structures. These results indicate that <em>Hc</em>perlucin is directly involved in the morphological modification of crystals during shell biomineralization. Additionally, the relatively high expression of <em>Hc</em>perlucin in hemocytes within the pearl sac, suggests that <em>Hc</em>perlucin also participates in the initial stages of pearl biomineralization. Overall, these results deepen our understanding of the role of immune components in biomineralization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 111172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145446605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

N-terminal domains and site-specific glycosylation regulate the secretion of avian melanocortin inverse agonists, agouti signaling protein (ASIP) and agouti-related protein (AGRP) n端结构域和位点特异性糖基化调节鸟类黑素皮质素逆激动剂、针刺信号蛋白（ASIP）和针刺相关蛋白（AGRP）的分泌。

IF 1.8 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111174

Hibiki Fukuchi , Ryoya Watanabe , Yuna Iida , Saya Nakano , Aya Mizutani , Tatsuhiko Abo , Sayaka Aizawa , Sakae Takeuchi

Agouti signaling protein (ASIP) and agouti-related protein (AGRP) are paralogous inverse agonists of melanocortin receptors with distinct physiological roles, but their structural and biochemical properties in birds remain poorly understood. Here, we characterized chicken ASIP and AGRP proteins. Analysis of available sequences revealed that a motif resembling the mammalian proprotein convertase 1/3 (PC1/3, also known as PCSK1) cleavage site is conserved across a broad range of avian orders, but Western blot analysis of transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells and chicken hypothalamus detected no cleavage, suggesting that avian AGRP may not be post-translationally processed at this site. Chicken ASIP mRNA contains an in-frame upstream ATG (uATG) and a putative N-linked glycosylation site at Asn-42, both conserved across multiple avian orders. Overexpression in CHO-K1 cells showed that ASIP translated from either ATG produces a mature protein of the same size that is N-glycosylated at Asn-42 and exhibits markedly lower secretion efficiency than AGRP. Domain-swapping experiments revealed that the N-terminal domain reduces secretion, whereas a naturally occurring ASIP-b variant with an additional N-glycan at Asn-47 shows enhanced secretion. Proteasome inhibition increased intracellular ASIP, and endoglycosidase H (Endo H) sensitivity indicated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention, suggesting that the N-terminal domain limits secretion via ER-associated proteasomal degradation. These findings reveal species-specific post-translational regulation of avian melanocortin inverse agonists, in which N-terminal features and site-specific N-glycosylation determine secretion efficiency, likely contributing to their distinct roles in pigmentation and hypothalamic energy balance.

针刺信号蛋白（ASIP）和针刺相关蛋白（AGRP）是黑素皮质素受体的同源反向激动剂，具有不同的生理作用，但其在鸟类中的结构和生化特性尚不清楚。在这里，我们对鸡的ASIP和AGRP蛋白进行了表征。对现有序列的分析显示，一个类似于哺乳动物蛋白转换酶1/3 （PC1/3，也称为PCSK1）切割位点的基序在许多鸟类目中都是保守的，但转染的中国仓鼠卵巢（CHO-K1）细胞和鸡下丘脑的Western blot分析未检测到切割，这表明鸟类AGRP可能不会在该位点进行翻译后加工。鸡ASIP mRNA包含帧内上游ATG （uATG）和Asn-42假定的n-链糖基化位点，这两个位点在多个鸟类目中都是保守的。CHO-K1细胞中的过表达表明，从任一ATG翻译的ASIP产生相同大小的成熟蛋白，该蛋白在Asn-42处被n-糖基化，其分泌效率明显低于AGRP。结构域交换实验表明，n端结构域会减少分泌，而天然存在的ASIP-b变体在Asn-47处增加了n-聚糖，则会增加分泌。蛋白酶体抑制增加了细胞内ASIP，内糖苷酶H （Endo H）敏感性表明内质网（ER）保留，表明n端结构域限制了内质网相关蛋白酶体降解的分泌。这些发现揭示了鸟类黑素皮质素逆激动剂的物种特异性翻译后调控，其中n端特征和位点特异性n糖基化决定了分泌效率，可能有助于它们在色素沉着和下丘脑能量平衡中的独特作用。

{"title":"N-terminal domains and site-specific glycosylation regulate the secretion of avian melanocortin inverse agonists, agouti signaling protein (ASIP) and agouti-related protein (AGRP)","authors":"Hibiki Fukuchi , Ryoya Watanabe , Yuna Iida , Saya Nakano , Aya Mizutani , Tatsuhiko Abo , Sayaka Aizawa , Sakae Takeuchi","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agouti signaling protein (ASIP) and agouti-related protein (AGRP) are paralogous inverse agonists of melanocortin receptors with distinct physiological roles, but their structural and biochemical properties in birds remain poorly understood. Here, we characterized chicken ASIP and AGRP proteins. Analysis of available sequences revealed that a motif resembling the mammalian proprotein convertase 1/3 (PC1/3, also known as PCSK1) cleavage site is conserved across a broad range of avian orders, but Western blot analysis of transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells and chicken hypothalamus detected no cleavage, suggesting that avian AGRP may not be post-translationally processed at this site. Chicken ASIP mRNA contains an in-frame upstream ATG (uATG) and a putative N-linked glycosylation site at Asn-42, both conserved across multiple avian orders. Overexpression in CHO-K1 cells showed that ASIP translated from either ATG produces a mature protein of the same size that is N-glycosylated at Asn-42 and exhibits markedly lower secretion efficiency than AGRP. Domain-swapping experiments revealed that the N-terminal domain reduces secretion, whereas a naturally occurring ASIP-b variant with an additional N-glycan at Asn-47 shows enhanced secretion. Proteasome inhibition increased intracellular ASIP, and endoglycosidase H (Endo H) sensitivity indicated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention, suggesting that the N-terminal domain limits secretion via ER-associated proteasomal degradation. These findings reveal species-specific post-translational regulation of avian melanocortin inverse agonists, in which N-terminal features and site-specific N-glycosylation determine secretion efficiency, likely contributing to their distinct roles in pigmentation and hypothalamic energy balance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 111174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145433212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dietary genistein mitigated arsenic-induced growth inhibition, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, disruption of tight junction proteins, and intestinal histomorphological damage in Nile tilapia 饲料染料木素减轻砷诱导的尼罗罗非鱼生长抑制、氧化应激、炎症、细胞凋亡、紧密连接蛋白破坏和肠道组织形态学损伤。

IF 1.8 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111173

Badriyah S. Alotaibi , Amany Abdel-Rahman Mohamed , Saed A. Althobaiti , Khalid S. Alotaibi , Mohamed Mohamed Soliman , Mohamed M.M. Metwally , Tarek Khamis , Yasmina M. Abd-Elhakim , Nawal Alsubaie , Rowida E. Ibrahim

Arsenic is a widespread trace element that adversely affects fish health and growth. This study investigated the potential of a genistein-fortified diet (500 mg/kg) to mitigate effects of arsenic exposure in Oreochromis niloticus. The 60-d experiment consisted of four groups: control diet, genistein (GE; 500 mg/kg) diet, and these two same diets but concurrent waterborne exposure to 10 μg/L As₂O₃. Arsenic exposure induced growth inhibition with decreased growth hormone concentration, reduced digestive enzyme (trypsin, amylase, and lipase) activities, and reduced total intestinal bacterial and Lactobacillus count. A decrease in the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase, and reduced glutathione content with increased malondialdehyde concentration were also measured in the arsenic-exposed fish. Arsenic exposure also decreased gene expression of intestinal transporters (solute carrier family (slc) 26a6, slc4a4, ATPase Na⁺/K⁺ transporting subunit alpha 3, and slc15a1a) and the tight junction protein zonula occludens-1. Furthermore, up-regulation of the inflammatory (nuclear factor kappa β65, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and interleukin-8) and apoptotic (caspase-3 and bcl-2 associated X-protein) gene expression markers was noted in the arsenic-exposed fish. Feeding the arsenic-exposed fish on a GE diet improved their growth and intestinal microenvironment and mitigated the changes in oxidative stress, inflammatory, and apoptotic cascades. Notably, GE supplementation could enhance the Nile tilapia growth performance during arsenic exposure possibly by improving intestinal structure and function.

砷是一种广泛存在的微量元素，对鱼类的健康和生长有不利影响。本研究探讨了染料木素强化日粮（500 mg/kg）减轻尼罗ticus中砷暴露影响的潜力。60 d的试验分为四组：对照饲料，染料木素（GE; 500 mg/kg）饲料，这两组饲料相同，但同时暴露于10 μg/L As₂O₃。砷暴露导致生长抑制，生长激素浓度降低，消化酶（胰蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶）活性降低，肠道细菌总数和乳杆菌数量减少。在砷暴露的鱼类中，超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶的活性降低，并且随着丙二醛浓度的增加，谷胱甘肽含量降低。砷暴露还降低了肠道转运蛋白（溶质载体家族（slc） 26a6、slc4a4、atp酶Na+/K+转运亚基α 3和slc15a1a）和紧密连接蛋白闭塞带-1的基因表达。此外，在砷暴露的鱼类中，炎症（核因子kappa β65、白细胞介素-1β、白细胞介素-6和白细胞介素-8）和凋亡（caspase-3和bcl-2相关x蛋白）基因表达标记上调。用转基因饲料喂养砷暴露鱼，改善了它们的生长和肠道微环境，减轻了氧化应激、炎症和凋亡级联反应的变化。值得注意的是，添加GE可能通过改善肠道结构和功能来提高砷暴露期间尼罗罗非鱼的生长性能。

{"title":"Dietary genistein mitigated arsenic-induced growth inhibition, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, disruption of tight junction proteins, and intestinal histomorphological damage in Nile tilapia","authors":"Badriyah S. Alotaibi , Amany Abdel-Rahman Mohamed , Saed A. Althobaiti , Khalid S. Alotaibi , Mohamed Mohamed Soliman , Mohamed M.M. Metwally , Tarek Khamis , Yasmina M. Abd-Elhakim , Nawal Alsubaie , Rowida E. Ibrahim","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Arsenic is a widespread trace element that adversely affects fish health and growth. This study investigated the potential of a genistein-fortified diet (500 mg/kg) to mitigate effects of arsenic exposure in <em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>. The 60-d experiment consisted of four groups: control diet, genistein (GE; 500 mg/kg) diet, and these two same diets but concurrent waterborne exposure to 10 μg/L As₂O₃. Arsenic exposure induced growth inhibition with decreased growth hormone concentration, reduced digestive enzyme (trypsin, amylase, and lipase) activities, and reduced total intestinal bacterial and <em>Lactobacillus</em> count. A decrease in the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase, and reduced glutathione content with increased malondialdehyde concentration were also measured in the arsenic-exposed fish. Arsenic exposure also decreased gene expression of intestinal transporters (solute carrier family (<em>slc</em>) 26a6, <em>slc4a4</em>, ATPase Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> transporting subunit alpha 3, and <em>slc15a1a</em>) and the tight junction protein zonula occludens-1. Furthermore, up-regulation of the inflammatory (nuclear factor kappa β65, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and interleukin-8) and apoptotic (caspase-3 and bcl-2 associated X-protein) gene expression markers was noted in the arsenic-exposed fish. Feeding the arsenic-exposed fish on a GE diet improved their growth and intestinal microenvironment and mitigated the changes in oxidative stress, inflammatory, and apoptotic cascades. Notably, GE supplementation could enhance the Nile tilapia growth performance during arsenic exposure possibly by improving intestinal structure and function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 111173"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145402797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0