Sha Li, P. Ye, Hong Chen, Yan-fang Li, Q. Hua, Yan Zhang, R. Xu, Yuan-Lin Guo, Cheng-gang Zhu, N. Wu, Geng Liu, Q. Dong, Jian‐Jun Li
Abstract Background: With rapid lifestyle change, Chinese are experiencing increased cardiovascular risk. Aim: To evaluate current lipid in nontreated Chinese patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: A total of 1772 consecutive, clinically suspected CAD patients were enrolled with angiography and lipid-lowering therapy being parts of the screening process. Of which, 1057 were diagnosed as CAD. Results: Lipid in CAD were triglycerides 1.78 (1.29–2.43), total cholesterol 4.92 ± 0.99, HDL cholesterol 1.09 ± 0.29, LDL cholesterol 3.22 ± 0.91 mmol/l. The prevalence of CAD was more detectable in men than women (67.1 vs 56.1%; p < 0.01). Age subgroups including age <50 years, 50–59 years, 60–69 years except ≥70 years showed the higher prevalence of CAD in men than women (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: Cholesterol levels were increasing in Chinese nontreated CAD patients.
背景:随着生活方式的快速改变，中国人的心血管风险正在增加。目的:评价未治疗的冠心病(CAD)患者血脂水平。方法:共纳入1772例连续的临床疑似CAD患者，血管造影和降脂治疗是筛查过程的一部分。其中1057例诊断为CAD。结果:冠心病患者血脂水平为甘油三酯1.78(1.29-2.43)，总胆固醇4.92±0.99，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇1.09±0.29，低密度脂蛋白胆固醇3.22±0.91 mmol/l。男性冠心病的检出率高于女性(67.1 vs 56.1%;P < 0.01)。年龄亚组<50岁、50 - 59岁、60-69岁(≥70岁除外)男性冠心病患病率高于女性(均p < 0.05)。结论:中国未治疗的冠心病患者胆固醇水平升高。
{"title":"Lipid profiles in nontreated Chinese patients with stable coronary artery disease: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Sha Li, P. Ye, Hong Chen, Yan-fang Li, Q. Hua, Yan Zhang, R. Xu, Yuan-Lin Guo, Cheng-gang Zhu, N. Wu, Geng Liu, Q. Dong, Jian‐Jun Li","doi":"10.2217/clp.15.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/clp.15.27","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: With rapid lifestyle change, Chinese are experiencing increased cardiovascular risk. Aim: To evaluate current lipid in nontreated Chinese patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: A total of 1772 consecutive, clinically suspected CAD patients were enrolled with angiography and lipid-lowering therapy being parts of the screening process. Of which, 1057 were diagnosed as CAD. Results: Lipid in CAD were triglycerides 1.78 (1.29–2.43), total cholesterol 4.92 ± 0.99, HDL cholesterol 1.09 ± 0.29, LDL cholesterol 3.22 ± 0.91 mmol/l. The prevalence of CAD was more detectable in men than women (67.1 vs 56.1%; p < 0.01). Age subgroups including age <50 years, 50–59 years, 60–69 years except ≥70 years showed the higher prevalence of CAD in men than women (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: Cholesterol levels were increasing in Chinese nontreated CAD patients.","PeriodicalId":55252,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Lipidology","volume":"1 1","pages":"369 - 378"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76732486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract “brown adipose tissue plays a key role in thermogenesis...”
“棕色脂肪组织在产热中起着关键作用……”
{"title":"Brown versus white fat: are they really playing a role in obesity and cardiometabolic risk?","authors":"M. Gaggini, A. Gastaldelli","doi":"10.2217/clp.15.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/clp.15.32","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract “brown adipose tissue plays a key role in thermogenesis...”","PeriodicalId":55252,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Lipidology","volume":"115 1","pages":"365 - 368"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80855279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Qorbani, Ozra Tabatabaei-Malazy, R. Kelishadi, B. Larijani
Abstract Background: Dyslipidemia has large variations in populations. This systematic review, meta-analysis study assessed mean lipid profiles in Iran. Methods: We extracted data from all relevant published population-based studies or national surveys conducted in adults up to January 2014. Studies with <300 individuals, or in specific group diseases were excluded. Data were analyzed by random effect method. Results: Mean and 95% CI of total cholesterol (T-C), triglycerides (TG), LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol (LDL-C and HDL-C) in 27 eligible articles were estimated 195.7 (192.3–199.1), 169.8 (161.5–178.1), 120.5 (115.6–125.3) and 45.4 (43.2–47.6) mg/dl, respectively, among both sexes. Mean level of T-C, LDL-C and HDL-C in women were higher than men. Conclusion: Our findings are useful for international comparisons and planning national preventive programs.
{"title":"Mean serum lipid levels in Iranian adult populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"M. Qorbani, Ozra Tabatabaei-Malazy, R. Kelishadi, B. Larijani","doi":"10.2217/clp.15.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/clp.15.30","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Dyslipidemia has large variations in populations. This systematic review, meta-analysis study assessed mean lipid profiles in Iran. Methods: We extracted data from all relevant published population-based studies or national surveys conducted in adults up to January 2014. Studies with <300 individuals, or in specific group diseases were excluded. Data were analyzed by random effect method. Results: Mean and 95% CI of total cholesterol (T-C), triglycerides (TG), LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol (LDL-C and HDL-C) in 27 eligible articles were estimated 195.7 (192.3–199.1), 169.8 (161.5–178.1), 120.5 (115.6–125.3) and 45.4 (43.2–47.6) mg/dl, respectively, among both sexes. Mean level of T-C, LDL-C and HDL-C in women were higher than men. Conclusion: Our findings are useful for international comparisons and planning national preventive programs.","PeriodicalId":55252,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Lipidology","volume":"61 1","pages":"449 - 464"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85242354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ossoli, F. Lucca, G. Boscutti, A. Remaley, L. Calabresi
Abstract Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) synthesizes most of the plasma cholesteryl esters, and plays a major role in HDL metabolism. Mutations in the LCAT gene cause two syndromes, familial LCAT deficiency and fish-eye disease, both characterized by severe alterations in plasma lipoprotein profile. Renal disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in familial LCAT deficiency cases, but an established therapy is not currently available. The present therapy of LCAT deficiency is mainly aimed at correcting the dyslipidemia associated with the disease and at delaying evolution of chronic nephropathy. LCAT deficiency represents a candidate disease for enzyme replacement therapy. In vitro and in vivo studies proved the efficacy of recombinant human LCAT in correcting dyslipidemia, and recombinant human LCAT is presently under development.
{"title":"Familial LCAT deficiency: from pathology to enzyme replacement therapy","authors":"A. Ossoli, F. Lucca, G. Boscutti, A. Remaley, L. Calabresi","doi":"10.2217/clp.15.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/clp.15.34","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) synthesizes most of the plasma cholesteryl esters, and plays a major role in HDL metabolism. Mutations in the LCAT gene cause two syndromes, familial LCAT deficiency and fish-eye disease, both characterized by severe alterations in plasma lipoprotein profile. Renal disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in familial LCAT deficiency cases, but an established therapy is not currently available. The present therapy of LCAT deficiency is mainly aimed at correcting the dyslipidemia associated with the disease and at delaying evolution of chronic nephropathy. LCAT deficiency represents a candidate disease for enzyme replacement therapy. In vitro and in vivo studies proved the efficacy of recombinant human LCAT in correcting dyslipidemia, and recombinant human LCAT is presently under development.","PeriodicalId":55252,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Lipidology","volume":"17 1","pages":"405 - 413"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80485738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Familial hypercholesterolemia is an inherited disease characterized by a markedly increased concentration of LDL-bound cholesterol and can lead to premature cardiovascular disease. Most cases are due to autosomal dominant mutations in LDLR, APOB or PCSK9. Although most patients receive high-dose statin therapy, many are still unable to achieve desired lipid levels. For these patients, additional therapies, including LDL-apheresis are considered. Recently, there has been progress in the treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia with the development of PCSK9 inhibitors, a microsomal triglyceride transport protein inhibitor, and an antisense oligonucleotide against APOB. Addition of these new therapeutics to those in existence is likely to decrease morbidity and mortality associated with familial hypercholesterolemia.
{"title":"Genetic considerations in the treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia","authors":"A. Moyer, L. Baudhuin","doi":"10.2217/clp.15.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/clp.15.33","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Familial hypercholesterolemia is an inherited disease characterized by a markedly increased concentration of LDL-bound cholesterol and can lead to premature cardiovascular disease. Most cases are due to autosomal dominant mutations in LDLR, APOB or PCSK9. Although most patients receive high-dose statin therapy, many are still unable to achieve desired lipid levels. For these patients, additional therapies, including LDL-apheresis are considered. Recently, there has been progress in the treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia with the development of PCSK9 inhibitors, a microsomal triglyceride transport protein inhibitor, and an antisense oligonucleotide against APOB. Addition of these new therapeutics to those in existence is likely to decrease morbidity and mortality associated with familial hypercholesterolemia.","PeriodicalId":55252,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Lipidology","volume":"17 1","pages":"387 - 403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89169075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Over the last decade, a host of sex differences have been elucidated in the realm of cardiovascular disease (CVD), including both its presentation and response to treatment. It has been suggested that the term ‘ischemic heart disease’ be used in preference to ‘coronary heart disease’ when referring to CVD in women, due to the fact that women, even when symptomatic, have lower amounts of obstructive plaque than do men. However, more than 80% of middle-aged women have one or more standard (and numerous novel) CVD risk factors. This review will focus primarily on lipid/lipoprotein biology and plasma concentrations in women, beginning in the fetus and extending through childhood, adolescence, pregnancy, midlife and postmenopausal periods.
{"title":"Dissecting lipid and lipoprotein issues in women: an in utero-through-menopause journey","authors":"T. Dayspring, S. Baum","doi":"10.2217/clp.15.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/clp.15.28","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Over the last decade, a host of sex differences have been elucidated in the realm of cardiovascular disease (CVD), including both its presentation and response to treatment. It has been suggested that the term ‘ischemic heart disease’ be used in preference to ‘coronary heart disease’ when referring to CVD in women, due to the fact that women, even when symptomatic, have lower amounts of obstructive plaque than do men. However, more than 80% of middle-aged women have one or more standard (and numerous novel) CVD risk factors. This review will focus primarily on lipid/lipoprotein biology and plasma concentrations in women, beginning in the fetus and extending through childhood, adolescence, pregnancy, midlife and postmenopausal periods.","PeriodicalId":55252,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Lipidology","volume":"12 1","pages":"431 - 448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72816737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Dženkevičiūtė, Agnė Skujaitė, E. Rinkūnienė, Ž. Petrulionienė, L. Gumbiene, Sandra Katkiene, A. Laucevičius
Abstract The increase in plasma triglyceride level in pregnancy is modest, but in those who have deficiencies in lipoprotein lipase or apolipoprotein C-II (i.e., familial hyperlipidemia), the increase in very LDL concentration cannot be controlled and results in severe hypertriglyceridemia. This case is related to severe primary hypertriglyceridemia (types V) detected on the 25th week of gestation and treated with regular therapeutic plasma exchange and later on with alternate plasmapheresis with donated plasma. No complications were observed. A healthy male baby was delivered on the 39th week of pregnancy. After giving birth, the maternal triglyceride levels showed a remarkable reduction.
{"title":"Pregnancy-related severe hypertriglyceridemia","authors":"V. Dženkevičiūtė, Agnė Skujaitė, E. Rinkūnienė, Ž. Petrulionienė, L. Gumbiene, Sandra Katkiene, A. Laucevičius","doi":"10.2217/clp.15.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/clp.15.25","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The increase in plasma triglyceride level in pregnancy is modest, but in those who have deficiencies in lipoprotein lipase or apolipoprotein C-II (i.e., familial hyperlipidemia), the increase in very LDL concentration cannot be controlled and results in severe hypertriglyceridemia. This case is related to severe primary hypertriglyceridemia (types V) detected on the 25th week of gestation and treated with regular therapeutic plasma exchange and later on with alternate plasmapheresis with donated plasma. No complications were observed. A healthy male baby was delivered on the 39th week of pregnancy. After giving birth, the maternal triglyceride levels showed a remarkable reduction.","PeriodicalId":55252,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Lipidology","volume":"33 1","pages":"299 - 304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81098492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ayman, Hebatallah A. Darwish, A. A. Abd El-Maksoud, A. Shaheen
Abstract Aim: Childhood obesity is one of the most serious public health problems facing the developed and increasingly, the developing world. In this study, we aimed to investigate the possible role of thyroid hormones and some adipokines in childhood obesity. Materials & methods: A total of 80 children were enrolled; 50 obese children and 30 non-obese of matched age and sex. Clinical, demographic characteristics and lipid profile levels were monitored. Plasma levels of thyroid hormones, leptin, IL-1α and TNF-α were measured in these subjects. Results: Dyslipidemia was evident in obese children relative to normal ones. Obese children exhibited a significant reduction in TSH and free- T4 levels. There was an increment in both leptin and IL-1α levels of obese children, however, their TNF-α level were significantly decreased. Conclusion: Alterations in thyroid hormones status, leptin, IL-1α and TNF-α are associated with obesity in Egyptian children.
{"title":"Assessment of thyroid hormones status and some adipocytokines among Egyptian obese children","authors":"A. Ayman, Hebatallah A. Darwish, A. A. Abd El-Maksoud, A. Shaheen","doi":"10.2217/clp.15.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/clp.15.22","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aim: Childhood obesity is one of the most serious public health problems facing the developed and increasingly, the developing world. In this study, we aimed to investigate the possible role of thyroid hormones and some adipokines in childhood obesity. Materials & methods: A total of 80 children were enrolled; 50 obese children and 30 non-obese of matched age and sex. Clinical, demographic characteristics and lipid profile levels were monitored. Plasma levels of thyroid hormones, leptin, IL-1α and TNF-α were measured in these subjects. Results: Dyslipidemia was evident in obese children relative to normal ones. Obese children exhibited a significant reduction in TSH and free- T4 levels. There was an increment in both leptin and IL-1α levels of obese children, however, their TNF-α level were significantly decreased. Conclusion: Alterations in thyroid hormones status, leptin, IL-1α and TNF-α are associated with obesity in Egyptian children.","PeriodicalId":55252,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Lipidology","volume":"10 1","pages":"313 - 320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88393969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Our bodies are constantly exposed to an enormous range of microbial insults, metabolic stress and tissue trauma that results in inflammation. Failure to efficiently regulate inflammation can result in uncontrolled acute and chronic inflammation and result in increased morbidity and mortality and contribute to a huge medical and economic burden throughout the world. Understanding the mechanisms by which our bodies regulate inflammation and return the inflamed tissue back to normal (the process of catabasis) is of vital importance if we are to find new ways in which to understand and ultimately treat pathological inflammation. Recent discoveries into the processes by which the inflammation goes away or resolves have identified a number of endogenous anti-inflammatory/proresolving lipid mediators that can dampen inflammation and accelerate the resolution of inflammation. These lipid mediators can form the basis of new therapies that augment the natural physiological response to control inflammation.
{"title":"Proresolving mediators: new therapies to treat inflammatory diseases","authors":"Urszula Stopka-Farooqui, O. Haworth","doi":"10.2217/clp.15.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/clp.15.19","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Our bodies are constantly exposed to an enormous range of microbial insults, metabolic stress and tissue trauma that results in inflammation. Failure to efficiently regulate inflammation can result in uncontrolled acute and chronic inflammation and result in increased morbidity and mortality and contribute to a huge medical and economic burden throughout the world. Understanding the mechanisms by which our bodies regulate inflammation and return the inflamed tissue back to normal (the process of catabasis) is of vital importance if we are to find new ways in which to understand and ultimately treat pathological inflammation. Recent discoveries into the processes by which the inflammation goes away or resolves have identified a number of endogenous anti-inflammatory/proresolving lipid mediators that can dampen inflammation and accelerate the resolution of inflammation. These lipid mediators can form the basis of new therapies that augment the natural physiological response to control inflammation.","PeriodicalId":55252,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Lipidology","volume":"39 1","pages":"343 - 350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85832647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract “Primary care physicians are well placed to opportunistically detect individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia in the community.”
摘要:“初级保健医生很容易在社区中发现家族性高胆固醇血症患者。”
{"title":"Screening for familial hypercholesterolemia: primary care applications","authors":"D. Bell, G. Watts","doi":"10.2217/clp.15.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/clp.15.24","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract “Primary care physicians are well placed to opportunistically detect individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia in the community.”","PeriodicalId":55252,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Lipidology","volume":"3 1","pages":"295 - 298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87677017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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