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Hydrogeological Investigations of Groundwater and Surface Water Interactions in the Berg River Catchment, Western Cape, South Africa 南非西开普省贝格河流域地下水和地表水相互作用的水文地质调查
4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.30564/jees.v5i2.5918
Seiphi Prudence Mabokela, Ntokozo Malaza
The Berg River Catchment based in the Western Cape Province, South Africa services the greater Cape Town area with water, subsequent to supplying the vast agricultural activities that exist in the middle and the lower reaches. This study thus investigates the hydrogeochemical interactions between surface and groundwater in the Berg River Catchment with the aim of establishing trends and transfer of constituents between the surface and groundwater systems, investigates the role that geology plays in water chemistry as well as identifies the geochemical processes controlling surface and groundwater chemistry in the catchment. This study was carried out using three types of research designs namely i) experimental research design; ii) field research design and meta-analysis research design. Furthermore, the study made use of hydrochemical data ranging from 2003 to 2013 obtained from the National Water Monitoring Database owned and maintained by the Department of Water and Sanitation and data that were sampled in 2016 by authors and analyzed using the ICP-MS Technique Ground Water Chart, Arc-GIS and Geosoft (Oasis Montaj) were further employed to model the data. The results indicated that: i) in the Upper Berg there is not much interaction and transfer of constituents between surface and groundwater; ii) the Middle Berg, however, indicated a degree of interaction with the sharing of constituents between the two water systems and iii) the Lower Berg indicated only NaCl water type also noting that the area situated near the river mouth whereby there is the mixing of river and seawater.
位于南非西开普省的贝格河集水区为大开普敦地区提供水,随后为中下游存在的大量农业活动提供水。因此,本研究研究了贝格河流域地表水和地下水之间的水文地球化学相互作用,目的是建立地表水和地下水系统之间成分的趋势和转移,研究地质在水化学中的作用,并确定控制流域地表水和地下水化学的地球化学过程。本研究采用三种类型的研究设计,即i)实验研究设计;Ii)实地研究设计和荟萃分析研究设计。此外,该研究利用了2003年至2013年的水化学数据,这些数据来自水和卫生部门拥有和维护的国家水监测数据库,以及作者在2016年采样的数据,并使用ICP-MS技术地下水图进行分析,并进一步使用Arc-GIS和Geosoft (Oasis Montaj)对数据进行建模。结果表明:1)在上贝格区,地表水和地下水之间的相互作用和成分转移不大;ii)然而,中贝格表明了两种水系之间成分共享的一定程度的相互作用;iii)下贝格表明只有NaCl水类型,并注意到位于河口附近的地区存在河流和海水的混合。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of Machine Learning Methods for Satellite Image Classification: A Case Study of Casablanca Using Landsat Imagery and Google Earth Engine 卫星图像分类的机器学习方法比较:以卡萨布兰卡Landsat图像和Google Earth引擎为例
4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.30564/jees.v5i2.5928
Hafsa Ouchra, Abdessamad Belangour, Allae Erraissi
Satellite image classification is crucial in various applications such as urban planning, environmental monitoring, and land use analysis. In this study, the authors present a comparative analysis of different supervised and unsupervised learning methods for satellite image classification, focusing on a case study in Casablanca using Landsat 8 imagery. This research aims to identify the most effective machine-learning approach for accurately classifying land cover in an urban environment. The methodology used consists of the pre-processing of Landsat imagery data from Casablanca city, the authors extract relevant features and partition them into training and test sets, and then use random forest (RF), SVM (support vector machine), classification, and regression tree (CART), gradient tree boost (GTB), decision tree (DT), and minimum distance (MD) algorithms. Through a series of experiments, the authors evaluate the performance of each machine learning method in terms of accuracy, and Kappa coefficient. This work shows that random forest is the best-performing algorithm, with an accuracy of 95.42% and 0.94 Kappa coefficient. The authors discuss the factors of their performance, including data characteristics, accurate selection, and model influencing.
卫星图像分类在城市规划、环境监测和土地利用分析等各种应用中至关重要。在本研究中,作者比较分析了不同的有监督和无监督学习方法用于卫星图像分类,并以卡萨布兰卡使用Landsat 8图像为例进行了研究。本研究旨在确定最有效的机器学习方法,以准确分类城市环境中的土地覆盖。采用的方法是对卡萨布兰卡市Landsat图像数据进行预处理,提取相关特征并将其划分为训练集和测试集,然后使用随机森林(RF)、支持向量机(SVM)、分类回归树(CART)、梯度树增强(GTB)、决策树(DT)和最小距离(MD)算法。通过一系列的实验,作者从准确性和Kappa系数方面评估了每种机器学习方法的性能。研究表明,随机森林算法的准确率为95.42%,Kappa系数为0.94,是性能最好的算法。作者讨论了影响其性能的因素,包括数据特征、准确选择和模型影响。
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引用次数: 0
SAR Change Detection Algorithm Combined with FFDNet Spatial Denoising 结合FFDNet空间去噪的SAR变化检测算法
4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.30564/jees.v5i2.5980
Yuqing Wu, Qing Xu, Zheng Zhang, Jingzhen Ma, Tianming Zhao, Xinming Zhu
Objectives: When detecting changes in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, the quality of the difference map has an important impact on the detection results, and the speckle noise in the image interferes with the extraction of change information. In order to improve the detection accuracy of SAR image change detection and improve the quality of the difference map, this paper proposes a method that combines the popular deep neural network with the clustering algorithm. Methods: Firstly, the SAR image with speckle noise was constructed, and the FFDNet architecture was used to retrain the SAR image, and the network parameters with better effect on speckle noise suppression were obtained. Then the log ratio operator is generated by using the reconstructed image output from the network. Finally, K-means and FCM clustering algorithms are used to analyze the difference images, and the binary map of change detection results is generated. Results: The experimental results have high detection accuracy on Bern and Sulzberger's real data, which proves the effectiveness of the method.
目的:在对合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像进行变化检测时,差分图的质量对检测结果有重要影响,图像中的散斑噪声会干扰变化信息的提取。为了提高SAR图像变化检测的检测精度,提高差分图的质量,本文提出了一种将流行的深度神经网络与聚类算法相结合的方法。方法:首先构建带有散斑噪声的SAR图像,利用FFDNet架构对SAR图像进行再训练,获得对散斑噪声抑制效果较好的网络参数;然后利用网络输出的重构图像生成对数比算子。最后利用K-means和FCM聚类算法对差异图像进行分析,生成变化检测结果的二值图。结果:实验结果对Bern和Sulzberger的真实数据具有较高的检测精度,证明了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Hyperspectral Inversion and Analysis of Zinc Concentration in Urban Soil in the Urumqi City of China 乌鲁木齐市城市土壤锌含量高光谱反演与分析
4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.30564/jees.v5i2.5947
Qing Zhong, Mamattursun Eziz, Mireguli Ainiwaer, Rukeya Sawut
Excessive accumulation of zinc (Zn) in urban soil can lead to environmental pollution and pose a potential threat to human health and the ecosystem. How to quickly and accurately monitor the urban soil zinc content on a large scale in real time and dynamically is crucial. Hyperspectral remote sensing technology provides a new method for rapid and nondestructive soil property detection. The main goal of this study is to find an optimal combination of spectral transformation and a hyperspectral estimation model to predict the Zn content in urban soil. A total of 88 soil samples were collected to obtain the Zn contents and related hyperspectral data, and perform 18 transformations on the original spectral data. Then, select important wavelengths by Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis (PCC) and CARS. Finally, establish a partial least squares regression model (PLSR) and random forest regression model (RFR) with soil Zn content and important wavelengths. The results indicated that the average Zn content of the collected soil samples is 60.88 mg/kg. Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis (PCC) and CARS for the original and transformed wavelengths can effectively improve the correlations between the spectral data and soil Zn content. The number of important wavelengths selected by CARS is less than the important wavelengths selected by PCC. Partial least squares regression model based on first-order differentiation of the reciprocal by CARS (CARS-RTFD-PLSR) is more stable and has the highest prediction ability (R2 = 0.937, RMSE = 8.914, MAE = 2.735, RPD = 3.985). The CARS-RTFD-PLSR method can be used as a means of prediction of Zn content in soil in oasis cities. The results of the study can provide technical support for the hyperspectral estimation of the soil Zn content.
城市土壤中锌的过量积累会导致环境污染,对人类健康和生态系统构成潜在威胁。如何大规模、实时、动态、快速、准确地监测城市土壤锌含量至关重要。高光谱遥感技术为快速、无损地检测土壤性质提供了新方法。本研究的主要目的是寻找光谱变换和高光谱估计模型的最佳组合来预测城市土壤中锌的含量。共采集88份土壤样品,获取Zn含量及相关高光谱数据,并对原始光谱数据进行18次变换。然后,通过Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis (PCC)和CARS选择重要波长。最后,利用土壤Zn含量和重要波长建立了偏最小二乘回归模型(PLSR)和随机森林回归模型(RFR)。结果表明,采收土壤样品的平均锌含量为60.88 mg/kg。原始和变换波长的Pearson相关系数分析(PCC)和CARS可以有效提高光谱数据与土壤Zn含量之间的相关性。CARS选择的重要波长数量少于PCC选择的重要波长数量。基于CARS一阶微分倒数的偏最小二乘回归模型(CARS- rtfd - plsr)更为稳定,预测能力最高(R2 = 0.937, RMSE = 8.914, MAE = 2.735, RPD = 3.985)。car - rtfd - plsr方法可作为绿洲城市土壤Zn含量预测的一种手段。研究结果可为土壤锌含量的高光谱估测提供技术支持。
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引用次数: 0
Maximizing Oil Palm Yield: Innovative Replanting Strategies for Sustainable Productivity 油棕产量最大化:可持续生产力的创新再植策略
4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-08 DOI: 10.30564/jees.v5i2.5904
Ahmed Abubakar, Susilawati Kasim, Mohd Yusoff Ishak, Md Kamal Uddin
This paper examines the significance of innovative replanting strategies in maximizing oil palm yield while ensuring sustainable productivity. Through a comprehensive review of literature and analysis of current practices, the major findings of this research highlighted the importance of advanced breeding and clonal selection in developing high-yielding and disease-resistant oil palm varieties. Precision agriculture technologies, including IoT devices, drones, and sensors, were identified as critical tools for data-driven decision making, optimizing resource efficiency, and reducing environmental impact. Sustainable land use planning and agroforestry integration emerged as key strategies to balance productivity with environmental conservation. The broader impacts of this work extend to other agricultural sectors and land use planning, offering valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders to promote responsible and resilient agricultural practices. By embracing innovative replanting strategies, the oil palm industry can contribute to a more sustainable and prosperous future, balancing economic growth with environmental stewardship. Continued research and collaboration are essential to achieve these goals and foster a harmonious coexistence between productivity and sustainability, integrating precision agriculture technologies for resource optimization and reduced environmental impact, promoting sustainable land use planning and agroforestry integration to enhance biodiversity and ecosystem services. Strengthening collaborations between governments, industry players, and research institutions for innovation and knowledge exchange is essential.
本文探讨了创新的重新种植策略在最大限度地提高油棕产量的同时确保可持续的生产力的意义。通过对文献的综合回顾和对当前实践的分析,本研究的主要发现突出了先进育种和无性系选择在开发高产抗病油棕品种中的重要性。包括物联网设备、无人机和传感器在内的精准农业技术被认为是数据驱动决策、优化资源效率和减少环境影响的关键工具。可持续土地利用规划和农林一体化已成为平衡生产力与环境保护的关键战略。这项工作的更广泛影响延伸到其他农业部门和土地利用规划,为政策制定者和利益相关者促进负责任和有弹性的农业实践提供了宝贵的见解。通过采用创新的重新种植策略,油棕行业可以为更加可持续和繁荣的未来做出贡献,平衡经济增长与环境管理。要实现这些目标,促进生产力和可持续性之间的和谐共存,整合精准农业技术以优化资源和减少环境影响,促进可持续土地利用规划和农林一体化,以增强生物多样性和生态系统服务,持续的研究和合作至关重要。加强政府、行业参与者和研究机构之间的合作,促进创新和知识交流至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Energy Emissions Profile and Floating Solar Mitigation Potential for a Malaysia's State 马来西亚州的能源排放概况和浮动太阳能减排潜力
4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI: 10.30564/jees.v5i2.5923
Suraya Nabilah Zaini, Azlin Mohd Azmi, Annie Syazrin Ismail
The establishment of the National Low Carbon City Master Plan (NLCCM) by Malaysia's government presents a significant opportunity to minimize carbon emissions at the subnational or local scales, while simultaneously fostering remarkable economic potential. However, the lack of data management and understanding of emissions at the subnational level are hindering effective climate policies and planning to achieve the nationally determined contribution and carbon neutrality goal. There is an urgent need for a subnational emission inventory to understand and manage subnational emissions, particularly that of the energy sector which contribute the biggest to Malaysia's emission. This research aims to estimate carbon emissions for Selangor state in accordance with the Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories (GPC), for stationary energy activities. The study also evaluates the mitigation potential of Floating Solar Photovoltaic (FSPV) proposed for Selangor. It was found that the total stationary energy emission for Selangor for the year 2019 was 18,070.16 ktCO2e, contributed the most by the Manufacturing sub-sector (40%), followed by the Commercial and Institutional sub-sector; with 82% contribution coming from the Scope 2 emission. The highest sub-sector of Scope 1 emissions was contributed by Manufacturing while Scope 2 emissions from the Commercial and Institutional. Additionally, the highest fuel consumed was natural gas, which amounted to 1404.32 ktCO2e (44%) of total emissions. The FSPV assessment showed the potential generation of 2.213 TWh per year, by only utilizing 10% of the identified available ponds and dams in Selangor, equivalent to an emission reduction of 1726.02 ktCO2e, offsetting 11.6% Scope 2 electricity emission. The results from the study can be used to better evaluate existing policies at the sub-national level, discover mitigation opportunities, and guide the creation of future policies.
马来西亚政府制定的国家低碳城市总体规划(NLCCM)为减少次国家或地方层面的碳排放提供了一个重要机会,同时也促进了巨大的经济潜力。然而,在次国家层面缺乏数据管理和对排放的了解,阻碍了有效的气候政策和规划,以实现国家自主贡献和碳中和目标。迫切需要一份地方排放清单,以了解和管理地方排放,特别是对马来西亚排放量贡献最大的能源部门的排放。本研究旨在根据社区规模温室气体排放清单全球议定书(GPC)估计雪兰莪州的碳排放量,用于固定能源活动。该研究还评估了为雪兰莪州提议的浮动太阳能光伏(FSPV)的缓解潜力。研究发现,2019年雪兰莪州的总固定能源排放量为18,070.16千万吨二氧化碳当量,其中制造业贡献最大(40%),其次是商业和机构子部门;其中82%来自范围2的排放。范围1排放量最高的子行业是制造业,而范围2排放量来自商业和机构。此外,消耗最多的燃料是天然气,占总排放量的44%(1404.32千吨二氧化碳当量)。FSPV评估显示,仅利用雪兰莪州10%的已确定可用池塘和水坝,每年的潜在发电量为2.213太瓦时,相当于减少1726.02千万吨二氧化碳当量的排放,抵消11.6%的范围2电力排放。研究结果可用于更好地评估国家以下一级的现有政策,发现缓解机会,并指导未来政策的制定。
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引用次数: 0
Sustainability Evaluation of Mangrove Forest Management System of Tagbanua Tribe in Bgy. Manalo, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan, Philippines 毕比县塔巴努阿部落红树林管理系统的可持续性评价。马纳洛,公主港市,巴拉望岛,菲律宾
4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.30564/jees.v5i2.5756
Mark Joseph J. Buncag, Jaybie S. Arzaga, Liezl F. Tangonan, Jeffrey H. de Castro, Mary Claire M. Villanueva, Lilia Margallo, Imelda R. Lactuan, Sheryl G. Docto, Angelo V. Garcia, Princes Eunice C. Denosta, Sweet Angelikate L. Villaruel
Community-based forest management agreement in the country is a needed instrument in attaining sustainability of mangrove management. Sadly, there is no assurance that the system implemented in the mangrove forest management is sustainable. So, evaluating the mangrove management sustainability of the local tribe is a viable avenue for the appropriate management. In this study, the sustainability of the mangrove management system of the Tagbanua tribe in Bgy. Manalo, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan was evaluated. The study utilized various criteria with relevant indicators of sustainable mangrove forest management in assessing the mangrove forest management system. Focused group discussions were conducted to identify the relevant sustainable mangrove forest management C & I and verifiers. Each indicator was rated using the formulated verifiers in the form of the rating scale. Through household interviews, FGD, KII, mangrove assessment, and secondary data analysis, this study also used a mathematical model on the Sustainability Index for Individual Criteria (SIIC) to evaluate the scores for individual criteria and the Overall Sustainability Index (OSI) of the community. As a result, there are a total of seven relevant criteria, and 35 relevant indicators for Mangrove Management in Barangay Manalo. Based on the individual rating of seven criteria, the overall rating of the sustainable mangrove management system is 1.80, which implies a fairly sustainable mangrove management system. Also, the computed overall sustainability index is 0.26, which is fairly or moderately sustainable. Each criterion has strengths and weaknesses and needs to be improved to have a highly sustainable mangrove management system.
该国以社区为基础的森林管理协定是实现红树林管理可持续性的必要手段。令人遗憾的是,无法保证在红树林管理中实施的系统是可持续的。因此,评估当地部落红树林管理的可持续性是进行适当管理的可行途径。在本研究中,研究了比比省Tagbanua部落红树林管理系统的可持续性。马纳洛,公主港市,巴拉望岛进行了评估。本研究利用红树林可持续经营的各种标准和相关指标对红树林经营体系进行评价。进行了重点小组讨论,以确定相关的可持续红树林管理C &I和验证器。使用制定的验证器以评定量表的形式对每个指标进行评定。通过家庭访谈、FGD、KII、红树林评估和二手数据分析,本研究还使用个体标准可持续性指数(SIIC)的数学模型来评估社区的个体标准得分和整体可持续性指数(OSI)。因此,马纳洛村红树林管理共有7项相关标准和35项相关指标。根据7项指标的单项评分,红树林可持续管理系统的总体评分为1.80,表明红树林管理系统具有相当的可持续性。计算得到的总体可持续性指数为0.26,为中等可持续性。每个标准都有优点和缺点,需要加以改进,以建立一个高度可持续的红树林管理系统。
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引用次数: 0
The Relationship between Water Resources Use Efficiency and Scientific and Technological Innovation Level: Case Study of Yangtze River Basin in China 水资源利用效率与科技创新水平的关系——以长江流域为例
4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.30564/jees.v5i2.5745
Guangming Yang, Qingqing Gui, Junyue Liu, Fengtai Zhang, Siyi Cheng
The Yangtze River Basin's water resource utilization efficiency (WUE) and scientific and technological innovation level (STI) are closely connected, and the comprehension of these relationships will help to improve WUE and promote local economic growth and conservation of water. This study uses 19 provinces and regions along the Yangtze River's mainstream from 2009 to 2019 as its research objects and uses a Vector Auto Regression (VAR) model to quantitatively evaluate the spatiotemporal evolution of the coupling coordination degree (CCD) between the two subsystems of WUE and STI. The findings show that: (1) Both the WUE and STI in the Yangtze River Basin showed an upward trend during the study period, but the STI effectively lagged behind the WUE; (2) The CCD of the two subsystems generally showed an upward trend, and the CCD of each province was improved to varying degrees, but the majority of regions did not develop a high-quality coordination stage; (3) The CCD of the two systems displayed apparent positive spatial autocorrelation in the spatial correlation pattern, and there were only two types: high-high (H-H) urbanization areas and low-low (L-L) urbanization areas; (4) The STI showed no obvious response to the impact of the WUE, while the WUE responded greatly to the STI, and both of them were highly dependent on themselves. Optimizing their interaction mechanisms should be the primary focus of high-quality development in the basin of the Yangtze River in the future. These results give the government an empirical basis to enhance the WUE and promote regional sustainable development.
长江流域水资源利用效率(WUE)与科技创新水平(STI)密切相关,了解二者关系有助于提高水资源利用效率,促进当地经济增长和节约用水。本研究以2009 - 2019年长江流域19个省区为研究对象,采用向量自回归(VAR)模型定量评价水利用效率与科技创新两个子系统耦合协调度(CCD)的时空演化。结果表明:(1)研究期间,长江流域水利用效率和水传播效率均呈上升趋势,但水传播效率明显滞后于水利用效率;(2)两个子系统的CCD总体呈上升趋势,各省的CCD均有不同程度的改善,但大部分地区未进入高质量的协调阶段;(3)两个系统的CCD在空间相关格局中表现出明显的正空间自相关,仅存在高-高(H-H)城市化区和低-低(L-L)城市化区两种类型;(4)科技创新指数对水利用效率的影响响应不明显,而水利用效率对科技创新指数的响应较大,二者均高度依赖于自身。优化二者互动机制应成为未来长江流域高质量发展的首要重点。研究结果为政府提高水资源利用效率,促进区域可持续发展提供了实证依据。
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引用次数: 0
WEATHERING PATTERNS IN ALLUVIAL SOILS UNDER MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATIC CONDITIONS IN ALBANIA AND IMPLICATIONS FOR SOIL FERTILITY 阿尔巴尼亚地中海气候条件下冲积土壤的风化模式及其对土壤肥力的影响
4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.26471/cjees/2023/018/273
Fran GJOKA, Liri MIHO, Avni SPAHOLLI, Elian KASA
This study comprehensively assesses weathering and soil development in the alluvial plains of Albania's Drin and Mat rivers. By analyzing soil properties, mineralogical compositions, and weathering indices, it provides crucial insights into the intricate link between geological processes and soil fertility in these key agricultural areas. The focus is on weathering indices such as the Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA), Chemical Index of Weathering (CIW), and Plagioclase Index of Alteration (PIA), which reveal distinct weathering patterns across soil profiles and alluvial plains. Drin River alluvial soils display moderate indices, signaling relatively lower weathering, while Mat River alluvial soils exhibit higher indices, indicating more pronounced weathering. The study emphasizes the role of mineral composition on weathering and soil development, with easily weathered minerals suggesting a more conducive environment for weathering in Mat River soils compared to Drin River soils. Elemental composition differences in these soils significantly impact fertility, potentially affecting agricultural productivity. Correlation analyses highlight the influence of mineralogy and chemical composition on weathering rates. This study's insights into weathering dynamics, mineralogical, and elemental composition in alluvial soils highlight soil fertility implications, crucial for optimizing agriculture and addressing environmental concerns in these vital Albanian regions.
本研究综合评估了阿尔巴尼亚的德林河和马特河冲积平原的风化和土壤发育。通过分析土壤性质、矿物学成分和风化指数,它为这些关键农业区的地质过程和土壤肥力之间的复杂联系提供了重要的见解。重点研究了化学蚀变指数(CIA)、化学风化指数(CIW)和斜长石蚀变指数(PIA)等风化指标,揭示了不同土壤剖面和冲积平原的不同风化模式。德林河冲积土的风化指数中等,风化程度较低,而马特河冲积土的风化指数较高,风化程度较明显。研究强调了矿物组成对风化和土壤发育的作用,易风化的矿物表明,与德林河土壤相比,马特河土壤具有更有利于风化的环境。这些土壤的元素组成差异显著影响肥力,可能影响农业生产力。对比分析强调了矿物和化学成分对风化速率的影响。这项研究对冲积土壤的风化动力学、矿物学和元素组成的见解突出了土壤肥力的影响,这对于优化农业和解决这些重要的阿尔巴尼亚地区的环境问题至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
NITIAL RESULTS OF COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF SOIL EROSION INTENSITY USING THE WIntErO MODEL: A CASE STUDY OF POLIMLJE AND SHIRINDAREH DRAINAGE BASINS 基于WIntErO模型的土壤侵蚀强度对比评价的初步结果——以波利尔河流域和石林达河流域为例
4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.26471/cjees/2023/018/267
Duško VUJAČIĆ, Ivica MILEVSKI, Dragica MIJANOVIĆ, Filip VUJOVIĆ, Tin LUKIĆ
This work aims to determine the current state of sediment production and propose land use measures that will affect the reducing the intensity of soil erosion for the areas of the Polimlje drainage basin on the territories of Montenegro and Serbia, and the small Shirindareh sub-basin of Iran. The approach is based on field and laboratory methods, which are processed by Web-based Intensity of Erosion and Outflow (WIntErO)model used to calculate erosion intensity. By using the computer-graphical method of the "WIntErO" software, in the study of erosion intensity, surface values (watershed surface, surface between isohypsies, etc.) and length, i.e. deviations from the map (length of the main watercourse, length of the watershed line, etc.) is processed very precisely, which was not the case before when using mechanical instruments, planimeters and curvimeters. The new WIntErO model is an integrated computer-graphic program package of the third-generation method based on the earlier generations of the modelling tools "River basins", and IntErO and calculates the amount of sediment, the intensity of soil erosion, as well as the maximum runoff from the basin, according to the EPM model of Gavrilović.During the procedure, an accuracy assessment is conducted with measurements of reservoir sediment deposition. These measurements were performed in April 2017 using professional hydrographic recording equipment, following the same methodology as in 2012. The measurement of point locations was conducted using a GPS receiver and a Trimble R6 base station. The reservoir's depth was measured using a single-frequency portable echo sounder, specifically the Odom Hydro Track. The initial assessment shows fairly acceptable results of the implemented WIntErO modelling for both study areas. Z coefficient values ranging from 0.01 to 1.00 for the observed period indicate that the river basins delineate areas with varying levels of susceptibility to water erosion processes—ranging from very low to moderate and high risk—within the studied drainage basins. Based on the analysis, we found that the average erosion intensity in Polimlje is 331.78 m³ km⁻² year⁻¹ per square kilometer. For the Shirindareh sub-basins, the average actual soil losses per square kilometer are 201 m³ year⁻¹ km⁻². Given these findings, it is evident that these basins require prompt implementation of soil conservation measures.
这项工作的目的是确定沉积物产生的现状,并提出土地利用措施,这些措施将影响黑山和塞尔维亚领土上的Polimlje流域地区以及伊朗的Shirindareh小盆地减少土壤侵蚀的强度。该方法基于现场和实验室方法,并通过基于web的侵蚀和流出强度(WIntErO)模型进行处理,用于计算侵蚀强度。利用“WIntErO”软件的计算机图形化方法,在研究侵蚀强度时,可以非常精确地处理地表值(流域面、等等值面等)和长度,即与地图的偏差(主要水道长度、流域线长度等),这是以前使用机械仪器、测面仪和曲线仪所无法做到的。新的WIntErO模型是基于前几代建模工具“河流流域”和IntErO的第三代方法的集成计算机图形程序包,并根据加夫里洛维奇的EPM模型计算沉积物的数量,土壤侵蚀的强度以及流域的最大径流。在此过程中,对水库泥沙沉降量进行了精度评估。这些测量是在2017年4月使用专业的水文记录设备进行的,采用与2012年相同的方法。测量点的位置使用GPS接收器和Trimble R6基站进行。水库的深度是用单频便携式回声测深仪测量的,特别是奥多姆水力测深仪。初步评估显示,在两个研究领域实施的WIntErO模型的结果相当可接受。Z系数值在0.01 ~ 1.00之间,表明各流域划定了不同程度的易受水侵蚀的区域,风险从极低到中、高不等。通过分析,我们发现波利姆列的平均侵蚀强度为331.78 m³km(⁻²年)/平方公里。对于希林达里亚盆地,每平方公里的实际平均土壤流失量为201立方米/年(⁻¹km⁻²)。鉴于这些发现,这些流域显然需要迅速实施土壤保持措施。
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Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences
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