Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.26471/cjees/2022/017/215
D. Micu, P. Urdea
The purpose of this study is to calculate SPI (Stream Power Index) in relation with the soil texture and to associate the obtained values with the soil permeability classes and, therefore, to identify the vulnerable areas at the action of the drainage processes, starting by the elementary processes associated with rills erosion and gullys to those ravines and torrential organisms. SPI is the product between the slope and the flow accumulation. SPI values are influenced by the slope. Thus, SPI has high values in areas with high slope and SPI has low values in areas with low slope. In the areas with the high slope, the flow accumulation is low and in the areas with the low slope, the flow accumulation is high. The high values of SPI between +1.94 and +3.49 are on the southern slope of the Lipovei Hills and represent 41.05% of the analyzed area. The inclusion of the soil texture in the SPI calculation formula indicates a medium value of SPI also on the southern slope of the Lipovei Hills and represent 42.71% from the studied territory, which corresponds, in particular, to the loamy texture. The loamy texture has moderate permeability and it is characteristic on 22.81% from the southern slope of the Lipovei Hills. Therefore, the southern slope of the Lipovei Hills is affected by the moderate ravine phenomenon and at the contact with the Timiș-Bega Plain the floods and the puddles phenomenon develops.
{"title":"VULNERABLE AREAS, THE STREAM POWER INDEX AND THE SOIL CHARACTERISTICS ON THE SOUTHERN SLOPE OF THE LIPOVEI HILLS","authors":"D. Micu, P. Urdea","doi":"10.26471/cjees/2022/017/215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26471/cjees/2022/017/215","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to calculate SPI (Stream Power Index) in relation with the soil texture and to associate the obtained values with the soil permeability classes and, therefore, to identify the vulnerable areas at the action of the drainage processes, starting by the elementary processes associated with rills erosion and gullys to those ravines and torrential organisms. SPI is the product between the slope and the flow accumulation. SPI values are influenced by the slope. Thus, SPI has high values in areas with high slope and SPI has low values in areas with low slope. In the areas with the high slope, the flow accumulation is low and in the areas with the low slope, the flow accumulation is high. The high values of SPI between +1.94 and +3.49 are on the southern slope of the Lipovei Hills and represent 41.05% of the analyzed area. The inclusion of the soil texture in the SPI calculation formula indicates a medium value of SPI also on the southern slope of the Lipovei Hills and represent 42.71% from the studied territory, which corresponds, in particular, to the loamy texture. The loamy texture has moderate permeability and it is characteristic on 22.81% from the southern slope of the Lipovei Hills. Therefore, the southern slope of the Lipovei Hills is affected by the moderate ravine phenomenon and at the contact with the Timiș-Bega Plain the floods and the puddles phenomenon develops.","PeriodicalId":55272,"journal":{"name":"Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45091483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.26471/cjees/2022/017/231
P. Plohák, H. Švehláková, Aneta Svozilíková Krakovská, B. Turčová, B. Stalmachová, J. Nováková
As a result of hard coal mining, specific areas of subsidence basins, which are often waterlogged, were created in the Czech part of the Upper Silesian Coal District. These areas may not have a high ecological value or, on the contrary, promising biotopes may arise here under suitable conditions, which should be our goal. As part of this work, the above-ground vegetation, and the soil seed bank (using the cultivation method) were investigated. The concentration of the risk elements chromium and arsenic, which are usually increased in mining areas, was determined by neutron activation analysis. Other environmental variables that can affect both the vegetation and the soil seed bank of subsidence basins (fine earth, slope, biotopes, and their representation in the vicinity) were also determined. Using multivariate DCA analysis, a statistically significant influence of chromium concentration and other variables on above-ground vegetation, characterized by the occurrence of many metallophytes and their high coverage, was found. The soil seed bank, which can impact the further development of vegetation, is mainly influenced by forest and wetland biotopes and the representation of areas covered by tailings in the vicinity of sampling sites. It is evident that there are species capable of resisting or accumulating chromium and arsenic pollution in both the above-ground vegetation and the soil seed bank, which can lead to the gradual rehabilitation of subsidence basins. This research can lead to a better understanding of the development of subsidence basins to increase their future ecological values.
{"title":"IMPACT OF CHROMIUM, ARSENIC AND SELECTED ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES ON THE VEGETATION AND SOIL SEED BANK OF SUBSIDENCE BASINS","authors":"P. Plohák, H. Švehláková, Aneta Svozilíková Krakovská, B. Turčová, B. Stalmachová, J. Nováková","doi":"10.26471/cjees/2022/017/231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26471/cjees/2022/017/231","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of hard coal mining, specific areas of subsidence basins, which are often waterlogged, were created in the Czech part of the Upper Silesian Coal District. These areas may not have a high ecological value or, on the contrary, promising biotopes may arise here under suitable conditions, which should be our goal. As part of this work, the above-ground vegetation, and the soil seed bank (using the cultivation method) were investigated. The concentration of the risk elements chromium and arsenic, which are usually increased in mining areas, was determined by neutron activation analysis. Other environmental variables that can affect both the vegetation and the soil seed bank of subsidence basins (fine earth, slope, biotopes, and their representation in the vicinity) were also determined. Using multivariate DCA analysis, a statistically significant influence of chromium concentration and other variables on above-ground vegetation, characterized by the occurrence of many metallophytes and their high coverage, was found. The soil seed bank, which can impact the further development of vegetation, is mainly influenced by forest and wetland biotopes and the representation of areas covered by tailings in the vicinity of sampling sites. It is evident that there are species capable of resisting or accumulating chromium and arsenic pollution in both the above-ground vegetation and the soil seed bank, which can lead to the gradual rehabilitation of subsidence basins. This research can lead to a better understanding of the development of subsidence basins to increase their future ecological values.","PeriodicalId":55272,"journal":{"name":"Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44710946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.26471/cjees/2022/017/221
Van Tran Thi, Bao Ha Duong Xuan, Bao VO QUOC, Phuong DINH THI KIM, Hieu NGUYEN TRINH DUC
Air pollution is the leading environmental agent that poses a severe threat to human health and is one of the most severe problems in cities. Of the pollutants, particulate matter (PM), especially particles less than 2.5 microns in diameter, has the most profound health impacts. Urbanization and industrialization in cities have made the air quality up there worse and worse. Our study was based on the Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) feature, a parameter obtained by remote sensing that relates to the presence of airborne particles potentially associated with PM. In this study, the PM2.5 concentration data from the ground monitoring station and the MODIS AOD product of 3 km resolution were correlated to build a suitable regression function to simulate the spatial distribution of PM2.5 concentrations. Next, the AOD was retrieved from the Landsat image based on the characteristics of the decrease in atmospheric clarity caused by the pollution particles. Landsat AOD has a 600m higher resolution than MODIS AOD. Research results on air quality (AQ) were simulated on Landsat AOD image through PM2.5 concentration distribution and air quality index (AQI), in which AQI was determined based on USEPA standards. The analysis shows that the linear regression function between PM2.5 concentration and MODIS AOD correlated best with the correlation coefficient R=0.9. Then PM2.5 distribution was established on Landsat AOD image with higher spatial resolution. Case analysis for March of 2018 reflected that the average concentration of PM2.5 across Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) was higher than the allowable threshold specified in QCVN05:2013/BTNMT. PM2.5 concentration in central districts tended to be higher than in suburban districts. The study also found that the city average AQI-PM2.5 was around 97.38, peaking at 159, which was in the Unhealthy range, especially for sensitive groups. The result of the study provides potential solutions for AQ monitoring at the city level with a detailed spatial distribution.
{"title":"HIGH-RESOLUTION SPATIAL SOLUTION FOR AIR QUALITY ASSESSMENT IN THE TROPICAL CITY OF HO CHI MINH CITY, VIETNAM","authors":"Van Tran Thi, Bao Ha Duong Xuan, Bao VO QUOC, Phuong DINH THI KIM, Hieu NGUYEN TRINH DUC","doi":"10.26471/cjees/2022/017/221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26471/cjees/2022/017/221","url":null,"abstract":"Air pollution is the leading environmental agent that poses a severe threat to human health and is one of the most severe problems in cities. Of the pollutants, particulate matter (PM), especially particles less than 2.5 microns in diameter, has the most profound health impacts. Urbanization and industrialization in cities have made the air quality up there worse and worse. Our study was based on the Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) feature, a parameter obtained by remote sensing that relates to the presence of airborne particles potentially associated with PM. In this study, the PM2.5 concentration data from the ground monitoring station and the MODIS AOD product of 3 km resolution were correlated to build a suitable regression function to simulate the spatial distribution of PM2.5 concentrations. Next, the AOD was retrieved from the Landsat image based on the characteristics of the decrease in atmospheric clarity caused by the pollution particles. Landsat AOD has a 600m higher resolution than MODIS AOD. Research results on air quality (AQ) were simulated on Landsat AOD image through PM2.5 concentration distribution and air quality index (AQI), in which AQI was determined based on USEPA standards. The analysis shows that the linear regression function between PM2.5 concentration and MODIS AOD correlated best with the correlation coefficient R=0.9. Then PM2.5 distribution was established on Landsat AOD image with higher spatial resolution. Case analysis for March of 2018 reflected that the average concentration of PM2.5 across Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) was higher than the allowable threshold specified in QCVN05:2013/BTNMT. PM2.5 concentration in central districts tended to be higher than in suburban districts. The study also found that the city average AQI-PM2.5 was around 97.38, peaking at 159, which was in the Unhealthy range, especially for sensitive groups. The result of the study provides potential solutions for AQ monitoring at the city level with a detailed spatial distribution.","PeriodicalId":55272,"journal":{"name":"Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43740170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.26471/cjees/2022/017/217
A. DOĞAN DEMİR
Intensive farming applications have been increasingly employed to balance the increasing world population and decreasing farming lands in the last half-century. The main purpose of these efforts is to obtain greater amounts of yield per area using modern agricultural methods. However, uncontrolled intensive farming applications (fertilization, irrigation, disinfection, etc.) disturb certain physical, chemical, and biological properties of soils. Especially the uncontrolled chemical fertilization applications increase the heavy metal concentrations in farming lands. The study compares certain properties of the soils from an active farming land (A-FL) in which intensive farming activities have been carried out since 1996 to those of the soils from a passive farming land (P-FL) with no farming activities. For this purpose, the study examines the changes caused by 25-year-long agricultural activities in the soils. The results revealed that the soils from the A-FL had higher levels of pH, electrical conductivity (EC), lime, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) than the soils from the P-FL. The negative impact of intensive agricultural activities on the soils is of great importance in terms of soil management and food safety. The uncontrolled agricultural applications indirectly and negatively affect human and animal health worldwide.
{"title":"THE IMPACTS OF LONG-TERM INTENSIVE FARMING APPLICATIONS ON THE HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATIONS IN SOILS","authors":"A. DOĞAN DEMİR","doi":"10.26471/cjees/2022/017/217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26471/cjees/2022/017/217","url":null,"abstract":"Intensive farming applications have been increasingly employed to balance the increasing world population and decreasing farming lands in the last half-century. The main purpose of these efforts is to obtain greater amounts of yield per area using modern agricultural methods. However, uncontrolled intensive farming applications (fertilization, irrigation, disinfection, etc.) disturb certain physical, chemical, and biological properties of soils. Especially the uncontrolled chemical fertilization applications increase the heavy metal concentrations in farming lands. The study compares certain properties of the soils from an active farming land (A-FL) in which intensive farming activities have been carried out since 1996 to those of the soils from a passive farming land (P-FL) with no farming activities. For this purpose, the study examines the changes caused by 25-year-long agricultural activities in the soils. The results revealed that the soils from the A-FL had higher levels of pH, electrical conductivity (EC), lime, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) than the soils from the P-FL. The negative impact of intensive agricultural activities on the soils is of great importance in terms of soil management and food safety. The uncontrolled agricultural applications indirectly and negatively affect human and animal health worldwide.","PeriodicalId":55272,"journal":{"name":"Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47377364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.26471/cjees/2022/017/226
Ecaterina Mocioacă, Alina Satmari, F. Sirbu, P. Urdea
Both the European continent and Romania are occupied by significate forested areas, often represented by rare species or even virgin forests. The natural distribution of the black pine (Pinus nigra ssp. Banatica) in the Banat region of Romania is still a pending spatial problem. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to assess the sustainability of morphometric parameters in modelling of Banat black pine in Domogled and Cernei Mountains, using Geographic Information Systems instruments. A set of morphometric parameters (altitude, depth, density, slope, and curvature), econometric climatic indicators (Martonne and FAI) and Vegetation indexes (NDVI and SAVI) have been derived from a 10m DEM, Sentinel 2 satellite images and WorldClim gridded data. For the modeled data, a contour of the area where the Banat black pine is found, which was validated by in situ mapping, was used. For the purpose of this study the dependent data set was split up into presence – absence of the Banat black pine and also the data was split into training and validation for both categories. For spatial analysis of the data ArcGIS 10.8.1 was used and for the statistical analysis R software was used. We obtained four models that used between two and six independent variables. All models were validated using AUC and R2 McFadden and obtained very good scores (between 0,886 and 0,904 and between 0,37 and 0,42 respectively). The most important predictors were found to be Martonne Aridity Index, slope, and SAVI. Based on our finding we can conclude that a geomorphometric modeling approach can be used, successfully, in explaining the spatial distribution of a tree species in a marginal environment.
欧洲大陆和罗马尼亚都被大量的森林覆盖，通常以稀有物种甚至原始森林为代表。罗马尼亚巴纳特地区黑松（Pinus nigra ssp.Banatica）的自然分布仍然是一个悬而未决的空间问题。因此，本研究的主要目的是使用地理信息系统工具，评估多莫格勒和塞内山脉巴纳特黑松建模中形态计量参数的可持续性。一组形态计量参数（海拔、深度、密度、坡度和曲率）、计量经济气候指标（Martonne和FAI）和植被指数（NDVI和SAVI）已从10m DEM、Sentinel 2卫星图像和WorldClim网格数据中得出。对于建模数据，使用了Banat黑松发现区域的等高线，该等高线已通过现场测绘进行了验证。为了本研究的目的，将依赖数据集划分为Banat黑松的存在-不存在，并将数据划分为两类的训练和验证。数据的空间分析使用ArcGIS 10.8.1，统计分析使用R软件。我们得到了四个模型，使用了两到六个自变量。所有模型都使用AUC和R2-McFadden进行了验证，并获得了非常好的分数（分别在0886和0904之间以及0,37和0,42之间）。最重要的预测因子是Martonne干旱指数、斜率和SAVI。基于我们的发现，我们可以得出结论，地貌建模方法可以成功地用于解释边缘环境中树种的空间分布。
{"title":"A SPATIAL AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE NATURAL CONDITIONS OF BLACK PINE HABITAT IN BANAT (ROMANIA)","authors":"Ecaterina Mocioacă, Alina Satmari, F. Sirbu, P. Urdea","doi":"10.26471/cjees/2022/017/226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26471/cjees/2022/017/226","url":null,"abstract":"Both the European continent and Romania are occupied by significate forested areas, often represented by rare species or even virgin forests. The natural distribution of the black pine (Pinus nigra ssp. Banatica) in the Banat region of Romania is still a pending spatial problem. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to assess the sustainability of morphometric parameters in modelling of Banat black pine in Domogled and Cernei Mountains, using Geographic Information Systems instruments. A set of morphometric parameters (altitude, depth, density, slope, and curvature), econometric climatic indicators (Martonne and FAI) and Vegetation indexes (NDVI and SAVI) have been derived from a 10m DEM, Sentinel 2 satellite images and WorldClim gridded data. For the modeled data, a contour of the area where the Banat black pine is found, which was validated by in situ mapping, was used. For the purpose of this study the dependent data set was split up into presence – absence of the Banat black pine and also the data was split into training and validation for both categories. For spatial analysis of the data ArcGIS 10.8.1 was used and for the statistical analysis R software was used. We obtained four models that used between two and six independent variables. All models were validated using AUC and R2 McFadden and obtained very good scores (between 0,886 and 0,904 and between 0,37 and 0,42 respectively). The most important predictors were found to be Martonne Aridity Index, slope, and SAVI. Based on our finding we can conclude that a geomorphometric modeling approach can be used, successfully, in explaining the spatial distribution of a tree species in a marginal environment.","PeriodicalId":55272,"journal":{"name":"Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47275923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.26471/cjees/2022/017/232
A. Rahimi, J. Breuste, Mahsa Tarashkar
High-quality urban parks within the urban built environment will help create healthy and sustainable cities. This study aimed to analyze the quality of two urban parks located in deprived and prosperous zones of Tabriz city, Iran, which present high relevance for ecological equity topic. The study merely explored users’ perceived quality, considering sub-factors such as sense of place, satisfaction, security, comfort, and perception of attractiveness using a subjective method. The results show that the prosperous zone urban park (PZUP) has average quality, however, has significantly better status in terms of public satisfaction, security, comfort, perceived attractiveness, and sense of belonging to place, compared to the deprived zone urban park (DZUP). Since security influences people’s perception of other quality indicators in PZUP, approaches to increase citizens' sense of security can greatly improve the quality of PZUP. In PZUP, inducing a higher sense of security will contribute to higher comfort, a stronger sense of belonging to place, and a positive perception of attractiveness. On the contrary, there are deep quality problems in DZUP. Quality and security problems of the DZUP root in the informal settlements around the park. The results show the priority to solve the problems in the park neighborhood. These have high relevance for enhancing the equity in accessing urban parks, both in DZUP and PZUP.
{"title":"QUANTIFYING THE QUALITY AND DETECTING SOCIAL INEQUALITY IN THE PROSPEROUS AND DEPRIVED ZONES URBAN PARKS OF TABRIZ, IRAN","authors":"A. Rahimi, J. Breuste, Mahsa Tarashkar","doi":"10.26471/cjees/2022/017/232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26471/cjees/2022/017/232","url":null,"abstract":"High-quality urban parks within the urban built environment will help create healthy and sustainable cities. This study aimed to analyze the quality of two urban parks located in deprived and prosperous zones of Tabriz city, Iran, which present high relevance for ecological equity topic. The study merely explored users’ perceived quality, considering sub-factors such as sense of place, satisfaction, security, comfort, and perception of attractiveness using a subjective method. The results show that the prosperous zone urban park (PZUP) has average quality, however, has significantly better status in terms of public satisfaction, security, comfort, perceived attractiveness, and sense of belonging to place, compared to the deprived zone urban park (DZUP). Since security influences people’s perception of other quality indicators in PZUP, approaches to increase citizens' sense of security can greatly improve the quality of PZUP. In PZUP, inducing a higher sense of security will contribute to higher comfort, a stronger sense of belonging to place, and a positive perception of attractiveness. On the contrary, there are deep quality problems in DZUP. Quality and security problems of the DZUP root in the informal settlements around the park. The results show the priority to solve the problems in the park neighborhood. These have high relevance for enhancing the equity in accessing urban parks, both in DZUP and PZUP.","PeriodicalId":55272,"journal":{"name":"Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46899514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.26471/cjees/2022/017/229
A. Popa, I. Ioja, M. Niță, D. Onose
Urban sustainability focuses on the more efficient management of the resources in cities and their regions. It is a challenge to develop a framework that it easy to replicate and can be used by any city in the world. In this paper, we aimed to develop a methodological approach for assessing urban sustainability of Romanian cities. We designed an index (Urban Sustainable Development Index) based on aggregating data from 15 indicators structured on the 3 sustainability domains, with equal weights per each domain. General results present medium and low USDI scores which indicate that cities are almost unsustainable. Very few cities have high USDI scores, making them almost sustainable cities due to the environmental or social contribution. Cities used as case studies have problems related mainly to green areas, waste management, crimes, health care infrastructure and low GDP. The assessment framework used for determining urban sustainability helped us identify some problematic domains. The proposed methodological approach can be replicated by cities worldwide, being recommended especially for cities with difficult access to data. The analysis uses representative information for urban sustainability that can be easily replicated and used for monitoring by stakeholder and decision makers at local level.
{"title":"URBAN SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT OF ROMANIAN CITIES","authors":"A. Popa, I. Ioja, M. Niță, D. Onose","doi":"10.26471/cjees/2022/017/229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26471/cjees/2022/017/229","url":null,"abstract":"Urban sustainability focuses on the more efficient management of the resources in cities and their regions. It is a challenge to develop a framework that it easy to replicate and can be used by any city in the world. In this paper, we aimed to develop a methodological approach for assessing urban sustainability of Romanian cities. We designed an index (Urban Sustainable Development Index) based on aggregating data from 15 indicators structured on the 3 sustainability domains, with equal weights per each domain. General results present medium and low USDI scores which indicate that cities are almost unsustainable. Very few cities have high USDI scores, making them almost sustainable cities due to the environmental or social contribution. Cities used as case studies have problems related mainly to green areas, waste management, crimes, health care infrastructure and low GDP. The assessment framework used for determining urban sustainability helped us identify some problematic domains. The proposed methodological approach can be replicated by cities worldwide, being recommended especially for cities with difficult access to data. The analysis uses representative information for urban sustainability that can be easily replicated and used for monitoring by stakeholder and decision makers at local level.","PeriodicalId":55272,"journal":{"name":"Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48714089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.26471/cjees/2022/017/214
J. Nováková, H. Švehláková, R. Kučerová, T. Matejova, P. Andras
Within the Poodří nature reserve and the Odra River old parallel channel, Slaňáky, various forms of phosphorus were investigated due to increased high concentrations of total phosphorus (Ptot) in the surface water. Surface water samples were subjected to chemical analyses using absorption spectrophotometry (Ptot and P-PO43- ) and accompanying parameters (t, O2, pH, Cond, TSS ) were measured. Next, grain size analysis of the sediment and sediment analyses using X-ray fluorescence were carried out (P, Fe, Al, Ca, Si, K, Mn, S, etc.). The seasonality of Ptot concentrations in the water was not confirmed, the reservoir behaved as a pool. The concentrations of the dissolved inorganic form P- PO43- were low when compared to Ptot, thus suspended phosphorus prevailed. This may be related to the low depth of the given water body, where stratification does not occur in contrast to deep water bodies. However, sediment resuspension is frequent, and phosphorus largely accumulates. The concentrations of Ptot in the sediment ranged around 4900 mg/kg, where the inorganic form prevailed (87.24 – 93.73 %) over the organic (6.27 – 12.76 %). At the same time, the sediment samples were abundant for sand fractions (2 – 0.03 mm), 47.86 – 60.89 %, and finest silt and clay (< 0.063 mm), 33.07 – 44.60 %.
{"title":"THE BEHAVIOUR OF PHOSPHORUS IN AN OLD PARALLEL CHANNEL SLAŇÁKY IN THE POODŘÍ (CZECH REPUBLIC)","authors":"J. Nováková, H. Švehláková, R. Kučerová, T. Matejova, P. Andras","doi":"10.26471/cjees/2022/017/214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26471/cjees/2022/017/214","url":null,"abstract":"Within the Poodří nature reserve and the Odra River old parallel channel, Slaňáky, various forms of phosphorus were investigated due to increased high concentrations of total phosphorus (Ptot) in the surface water. Surface water samples were subjected to chemical analyses using absorption spectrophotometry (Ptot and P-PO43- ) and accompanying parameters (t, O2, pH, Cond, TSS ) were measured. Next, grain size analysis of the sediment and sediment analyses using X-ray fluorescence were carried out (P, Fe, Al, Ca, Si, K, Mn, S, etc.). The seasonality of Ptot concentrations in the water was not confirmed, the reservoir behaved as a pool. The concentrations of the dissolved inorganic form P- PO43- were low when compared to Ptot, thus suspended phosphorus prevailed. This may be related to the low depth of the given water body, where stratification does not occur in contrast to deep water bodies. However, sediment resuspension is frequent, and phosphorus largely accumulates. The concentrations of Ptot in the sediment ranged around 4900 mg/kg, where the inorganic form prevailed (87.24 – 93.73 %) over the organic (6.27 – 12.76 %). At the same time, the sediment samples were abundant for sand fractions (2 – 0.03 mm), 47.86 – 60.89 %, and finest silt and clay (< 0.063 mm), 33.07 – 44.60 %.","PeriodicalId":55272,"journal":{"name":"Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49096247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.26471/cjees/2022/017/219
M. Babić, Debasis Mitra, P. K. Das Mohapatra, Olivera M. Papović, J. Milenković, G. Jevtić, S. Babić, S. Andjelkovič
This study reported the concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cr, Mn in parts of four medicinal plant species (Cichorium intybus L., Mentha×piperita L., Plantago lanceolata L., Verbascum densiflorum Bertol.) collected from two sites, one few meters away and the other 500 m away from a busy road in Vrnjačka Banja, Serbia. Heavy metals were determined by the atomic absorption method using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Similar content of tested metals in the soil of the tested locations was recorded, only there was more manganese in the soil closer to the road. The highest concentrations of heavy metals were found in the roots of plants closer to the road. The leaves and stem contain smaller quantities of these metals than root, but there are differences between the studied plant species. In conclusion, all examined metals were present in higher concentrations in plants at the location closest to the road than at the location further away from the road.
{"title":"ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF SOME HEAVY METALS IN SELECTED MEDICINAL PLANT SPECIES ALONG A BUSY ROAD IN VRNJAČKA BANJA, SERBIA","authors":"M. Babić, Debasis Mitra, P. K. Das Mohapatra, Olivera M. Papović, J. Milenković, G. Jevtić, S. Babić, S. Andjelkovič","doi":"10.26471/cjees/2022/017/219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26471/cjees/2022/017/219","url":null,"abstract":"This study reported the concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cr, Mn in parts of four medicinal plant species (Cichorium intybus L., Mentha×piperita L., Plantago lanceolata L., Verbascum densiflorum Bertol.) collected from two sites, one few meters away and the other 500 m away from a busy road in Vrnjačka Banja, Serbia. Heavy metals were determined by the atomic absorption method using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Similar content of tested metals in the soil of the tested locations was recorded, only there was more manganese in the soil closer to the road. The highest concentrations of heavy metals were found in the roots of plants closer to the road. The leaves and stem contain smaller quantities of these metals than root, but there are differences between the studied plant species. In conclusion, all examined metals were present in higher concentrations in plants at the location closest to the road than at the location further away from the road.","PeriodicalId":55272,"journal":{"name":"Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42228587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. O. Ulakpa, Wisdom Chukwuemeke Ulakpa, O. Eyankware
The poor state of the environment, especially in urban areas, has become a major global issue, with developing countries such as Nigeria voicing growing concern. There is a scarcity of knowledge on the environmental impact of PFSs as a result of the loss of life and property, as well as other serious socio-economic implications of non-compliance with PFSs siting criteria. The historical literature on the impact of residential buildings, the environment, and human health on PFSs in Nigeria, as well as the study’s gap, is examined in this research. It also outlines DPR compliance with PFSs location as well as established criteria for prohibiting PFS siting in Nigeria’s states. Relevant publications on PFSs-related topics were downloaded from Google Scholar. The goal of this study is to look back on a previous essay about PFSs in Nigeria and its impacts on the environment and human health. This study’s main purpose is to give a complete overview of Nigerian PFSs. According to the article analyzed, the majority of PFSs were located close to residents, with setbacks from the road and residential areas of less than 30 m in 90% of the filling stations. As a result, the landowners can band together to argue that a facility that is improperly sited cannot be built. A great deal of public participation is required. A campaign should be launched to raise awareness among filling station owners and other developers of the dangers of non-compliance with established norms. All violators of the established norms, as well as corrupt officials of enforcement agencies/bodies, should face open punishment so that others might learn their lessons. Finally, appropriate planning is required to allow future road expansion.
{"title":"Petroleum Filling Stations and Their Impact on the Environment in Nigeria","authors":"R. O. Ulakpa, Wisdom Chukwuemeke Ulakpa, O. Eyankware","doi":"10.30564/jees.v4i1.4073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jees.v4i1.4073","url":null,"abstract":"The poor state of the environment, especially in urban areas, has become a major global issue, with developing countries such as Nigeria voicing growing concern. There is a scarcity of knowledge on the environmental impact of PFSs as a result of the loss of life and property, as well as other serious socio-economic implications of non-compliance with PFSs siting criteria. The historical literature on the impact of residential buildings, the environment, and human health on PFSs in Nigeria, as well as the study’s gap, is examined in this research. It also outlines DPR compliance with PFSs location as well as established criteria for prohibiting PFS siting in Nigeria’s states. Relevant publications on PFSs-related topics were downloaded from Google Scholar. The goal of this study is to look back on a previous essay about PFSs in Nigeria and its impacts on the environment and human health. This study’s main purpose is to give a complete overview of Nigerian PFSs. According to the article analyzed, the majority of PFSs were located close to residents, with setbacks from the road and residential areas of less than 30 m in 90% of the filling stations. As a result, the landowners can band together to argue that a facility that is improperly sited cannot be built. A great deal of public participation is required. A campaign should be launched to raise awareness among filling station owners and other developers of the dangers of non-compliance with established norms. All violators of the established norms, as well as corrupt officials of enforcement agencies/bodies, should face open punishment so that others might learn their lessons. Finally, appropriate planning is required to allow future road expansion.","PeriodicalId":55272,"journal":{"name":"Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84164153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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