Biological Psychology最新文献_第3页

Face emojis vs. Non-face emojis: Exploring neural mechanisms in text processing 人脸表情符号与非人脸表情符号：探索文本处理中的神经机制。

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108898

Rong Cao, Jian Wang, Song Xue

With the rapid development of digital communication, emojis have played an increasingly important role in computer-mediated communication (CMC). Although Non-face emojis account for approximately 90 % of emoji usage, related research remains relatively scarce. Furthermore, there is limited exploration of the differences in the mechanisms of text processing between Face and Non-face emojis. The aim of this study is to investigate the neural mechanisms underlying the differences in text processing between Face emojis and Non-face emojis. We employed a semantic violation paradigm to analyze the cognitive processes of 28 participants as they processed texts in which emojis replaced words. The experimental materials consisted of 8 target stimuli, each corresponding to 15 text sentences. The results indicate that Non-face emojis elicited a strong N400 effect in incongruent texts, suggesting that Non-face emojis may have higher semantic complexity and can function as substitutes for words. In contrast, Face emojis primarily elicited an LNC component, indicating that they are more likely to be perceived as symbols of emotional expression rather than carriers of explicit semantic information. These results reveal the distinct roles of Face and Non-face emojis in text comprehension, providing new insights into emoji semantics and their impact on language processing.

随着数字通信的迅猛发展，表情符号在以计算机为媒介的通信（CMC）中扮演着越来越重要的角色。虽然非脸部表情符号约占表情符号使用量的 90%，但相关研究仍然相对较少。此外，对于表情符号和非表情符号之间文本处理机制差异的探索也很有限。本研究旨在探究人脸表情符号和非人脸表情符号文本处理差异的神经机制。我们采用了语义侵犯范式，分析了 28 名参与者在处理用表情符号替代文字的文本时的认知过程。实验材料包括 8 个目标刺激，每个目标刺激对应 15 个文本句子。结果表明，在不一致的文本中，非脸部表情符号引起了强烈的N400效应，这表明非脸部表情符号可能具有更高的语义复杂性，可以起到替代词语的作用。相比之下，脸部表情符号主要引起 LNC 成分，表明它们更有可能被视为情感表达的符号，而不是明确语义信息的载体。这些结果揭示了 "脸部 "和 "非脸部 "表情符号在文本理解中的不同作用，为了解表情符号语义及其对语言处理的影响提供了新的视角。

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引用次数: 0

Can personality traits be predicted from resting-state EEG oscillations? A replication study 静息态脑电图振荡能预测人格特质吗？重复研究

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108955

Christoph Fruehlinger , Katharina Paul , Jan Wacker

Personality neuroscience seeks to uncover the neurobiological underpinnings of personality. Identifying links between measures of brain activity and personality traits is important in this respect. Using an entirely inductive approach, Jach et al. (2020) attempted to predict personality trait scores from resting-state spectral electroencephalography (EEG) using multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) and found meaningful results for Agreeableness. The exploratory nature of this work and concerns about replicability in general require a rigorous replication, which was the aim of the current study. We applied the same analytic approach to a large data set (N = 772) to evaluate the robustness of the previous results. Similar to Jach et al. (2020), 8 min of resting-state EEG before and after unrelated tasks with both eyes open and closed were analyzed using support vector regressions (SVR). A 10-fold cross-validation was used to evaluate the prediction accuracy between the spectral power of 59 EEG electrodes within 30 frequency bins ranging from 1 to 30 Hz and Big Five personality trait scores. We were not able to replicate the findings for Agreeableness. We extended the analysis by parameterizing the total EEG signal into its periodic and aperiodic signal components. However, neither component was meaningfully associated with the Big Five personality traits. Our results do not support the initial results and indicate that personality traits may at least not be substantially predictable from resting-state spectral power. Future identification of robust and replicable brain-personality associations will likely require alternative analysis methods and rigorous preregistration of all analysis steps.

人格神经科学旨在揭示人格的神经生物学基础。在这方面，确定大脑活动测量与人格特质之间的联系非常重要。Jach 等人（2020 年）采用完全归纳的方法，试图通过多变量模式分析（MVPA）从静息态频谱脑电图（EEG）中预测人格特质得分，并发现了对 "宜人 "有意义的结果。这项工作的探索性质以及对一般可复制性的担忧要求进行严格的复制，而这正是本研究的目的。我们将相同的分析方法应用于一个大型数据集（N = 772），以评估之前结果的稳健性。与 Jach 等人（2020 年）类似，我们使用支持向量回归（SVR）分析了睁眼和闭眼完成无关任务前后 8 分钟的静息状态脑电图。我们使用了 10 倍交叉验证来评估 59 个脑电图电极在 1 到 30 Hz 的 30 个频段内的频谱功率与大五人格特质得分之间的预测准确性。我们无法复制关于 "宜人性 "的研究结果。我们将整个脑电信号参数化为周期性和非周期性信号成分，从而扩展了分析范围。然而，这两种成分都没有与五大人格特质产生有意义的关联。我们的结果并不支持最初的结果，并表明人格特质至少不能从静息态频谱功率中得到实质性的预测。未来要确定大脑与人格之间稳健且可复制的关联，可能需要采用其他分析方法，并对所有分析步骤进行严格的预注册。

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引用次数: 0

WACARDIA: Graphical MATLAB software for Wireless Assessment of CARDiac Interoceptive Accuracy WACARDIA：用于无线评估 CARDiac Interoceptive Accuracy 的图形化 MATLAB 软件。

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108953

Ian R. Kleckner , Jacob J. Chung

Many theories of psychological function emphasize the importance of bodily sensations and the ability to accurately detect them, known as interoceptive accuracy. The most common measure of interoceptive accuracy uses heartbeat detection tasks such as the Whitehead Task, yet to our knowledge there are no freely accessible programs to conduct this task. In this paper, we present novel software called WACARDIA (Wireless Assessment of CARDiac Interoceptive Accuracy), which is free, open-source software that conducts the heartbeat detection task using Matlab and Psychtoolbox. WACARDIA contains several key features supporting participant engagement, operator convenience, and measurement accuracy. First, the program includes an optional practice trial of unlimited duration, a participant-facing graphical interface, and the ability to perform heartbeat detection training. Second, the operator is provided with a graphical user interface, live trial feedback, an accurate wireless electrocardiogram device, and a separate program to conduct the related Heartbeat Tracking task. Finally, the program ensures the accuracy of collected data by scheduling the delivery of tones with high precision and implementing fail-safes to automatically reset erroneous measurements. This paper includes flowcharts that help create transparency by describing our algorithm. We also outline customizable aspects of the program with the intent to have WACARDIA’s algorithm expanded to accommodate more situations and applications. With this paper, we hope to encourage the practice of publicizing research software to contribute to the transparency, rigor, and reproducibility of scientific studies. WACARDIA and video tutorials are available at www.github.com/iankleckner/wacardia and http://wacardia.iankleckner.com.

许多心理功能理论都强调身体感觉的重要性，以及准确检测身体感觉的能力，也就是所谓的内感知准确性。最常用的衡量互感准确度的方法是心跳检测任务，如怀特海任务（Whitehead Task），但据我们所知，目前还没有可以免费使用的程序来完成这项任务。在本文中，我们介绍了一款名为 WACARDIA（Wireless Assessment of CARDiac Interoceptive Accuracy）的新型软件，它是一款免费的开源软件，可使用 Matlab 和 Psychtoolbox 执行心跳检测任务。WACARDIA 包含支持参与者参与、操作员便利性和测量准确性的几个关键功能。首先，该程序包括一个可选的无限期练习试验、一个面向参与者的图形界面以及进行心跳检测训练的功能。其次，操作员可使用图形用户界面、实时试验反馈、精确的无线心电图设备和单独的程序来执行相关的心跳跟踪任务。最后，该程序通过高精度的音调发送调度和自动重置错误测量的故障安全机制来确保所收集数据的准确性。本文包括流程图，通过描述我们的算法来帮助提高透明度。我们还概述了程序的可定制方面，目的是扩展 WACARDIA 算法，以适应更多情况和应用。我们希望通过本文鼓励公开研究软件的做法，以提高科学研究的透明度、严谨性和可重复性。WACARDIA 和视频教程请访问 www.github.com/iankleckner/wacardia 和 http://wacardia.iankleckner.com。

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引用次数: 0

"The way I see it makes me believe you intentionally did it": Intentionality ascription and gaze transition entropy in violent offenders. “我看到它的方式让我相信你是故意的”：暴力罪犯的故意归属和目光转换熵。

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108962

Anna Zajenkowska, Marta Bodecka-Zych, Ewa Duda, Jean Gagnon, Krzysztof Krejtz

Cognitive processes underlying inferences regarding inferring mental states (i.e. intentionality ascription) are still to be investigated. To assess how people accumulate social cues in order to attribute intentionality, a measure of gaze transition entropy (GTE) seems indicated to throw some light on these processes. Violent behavior is associated with distorted attributional processes but also with deficiencies in attention to socially relevant cues. Therefore, the current study compared the level of entropy between both violent male and female offenders and non-offenders and explore the association between GTE and ascribing intentionality. The sample (N = 128) consisted of violent inmates (N = 63, 31 women) and adults living in the community (N = 65, 31 women). Lower entropy characterized violent offenders to a greater extent as compared to those with no history of volent crimes. Moreover, lower entropy predicted greater intentionality ascription especially in judging ambiguous and hostile harmful events but only in the violent offender group. Findings imply that hostile attributions in violent offenders not only depend on a predisposition to interpret external reality in a hostile manner but can be the result of an inferential processing based on insufficient and incomplete information.

关于推断心理状态（即意向性归因）的推理的认知过程仍有待研究。为了评估人们是如何积累社会线索以归因于意向性的，一种凝视转换熵（GTE）的测量似乎表明了对这些过程的一些启示。暴力行为与扭曲的归因过程有关，但也与缺乏对社会相关线索的注意有关。因此，本研究比较了施暴者与非施暴者的熵值水平，探讨了GTE与归因意向性之间的关系。样本（N= 128）由暴力囚犯（N= 63,31名女性）和社区成年人（N= 65,31名女性）组成。与没有暴力犯罪史的人相比，暴力犯罪者的熵值更低。此外，较低的熵预示着更大的意向性归属，特别是在判断模棱两可和敌对的有害事件时，但仅在暴力犯罪者组中。研究结果表明，暴力犯罪者的敌对归因不仅取决于以敌对方式解释外部现实的倾向，而且可能是基于不充分和不完整信息的推理处理的结果。

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引用次数: 0

Multimodal neuroimaging of hierarchical cognitive control 分层认知控制的多模态神经成像。

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108896

Mattia F. Pagnotta , Justin Riddle , Mark D'Esposito

Cognitive control enables us to translate our knowledge into actions, allowing us to flexibly adjust our behavior, according to environmental contexts, our internal goals, and future plans. Multimodal neuroimaging and neurostimulation techniques have proven essential for advancing our understanding of how cognitive control emerges from the coordination of distributed neuronal activities in the brain. In this review, we examine the literature on multimodal studies of cognitive control. We explore how these studies provide converging evidence for a novel, multiplexed model of cognitive control, in which neural oscillations support different levels of control processing along a functionally hierarchical organization of distinct frontoparietal networks.

认知控制使我们能够将知识转化为行动，让我们能够根据环境背景、内部目标和未来计划灵活调整自己的行为。事实证明，多模态神经成像和神经刺激技术对于促进我们理解认知控制是如何从大脑中分布式神经元活动的协调中产生的至关重要。在本综述中，我们将对认知控制的多模态研究文献进行梳理。我们将探讨这些研究是如何为一种新颖的多路复用认知控制模型提供汇合证据的，在该模型中，神经振荡沿着不同额叶网络的功能分层组织支持不同层次的控制处理。

引用次数: 0

Slow stroking evokes a more pleasant sensation but similar autonomic nervous system response than rhythmic touching 与有节奏的抚摸相比，缓慢的抚摸能唤起更愉悦的感觉，但自律神经系统的反应却相似

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108957

Ferenc Köteles , Klaudia Karaffa , Veronika Erdélyi , Renáta Szemerszky

Stimulation of C-tactile afferents with gentle slow stroking of the hairy skin, also called affective touch, evokes a pleasant sensation. We intended to describe psychological and tonic physiological changes evoked by slow stroking, as well as associations between pleasantness of skin sensation and physiological changes and trait-like self-reported characteristics (i.e., the major dimensions of personality and various aspects of body awareness). To shed more light on the factors involved in the effects of slow stroking, stroking (5 cm/sec) for 3 minutes was compared to skin-focused attention and gentle rhythmic touching of the skin. 85 young individuals participated in an experiment. Sensory characteristics of the stimulation (pleasantness, intensity) and physiological changes (HR, HF, RMSSD, respiratory rate, SCL) were assessed during the stimulation periods. The most pleasant and intense skin sensations were reported in the slow stroking condition, followed by the rhythmic touching and attention condition. Slow stroking and rhythmic touching significantly decreased HR and increased HF, RMSSD, respiratory rate, and SCL compared to baseline and the attention condition. Pleasantness of the sensation in the slow stroking condition was largely independent from the evoked physiological changes and from the assessed trait-like characteristics; Bayesian analysis indicated the superiority of null hypothesis (i.e. lack of associations) for almost all cases. Although rhythmic touching is experienced as less pleasant and intense, it has a relaxing (parasympathetic) effect on cardiac activity that is comparable with the effect of slow stroking. Characteristics of the evoked skin sensation are not related to major dimensions of personality and body awareness.

通过轻柔缓慢地抚摸皮肤毛发来刺激 C-触觉传入，也称为情感触觉，可唤起愉快的感觉。我们打算描述缓慢抚摸引起的心理和强直性生理变化，以及皮肤感觉的愉悦性与生理变化和特质类自我报告特征（即人格的主要维度和身体意识的各个方面）之间的关联。为了进一步了解缓慢抚摸效果的相关因素，我们将持续 3 分钟的抚摸（5 厘米/秒）与关注皮肤和有节奏地轻触皮肤进行了比较。85 名年轻人参加了实验。在刺激期间，对刺激的感官特征（愉悦度、强度）和生理变化（心率、高频、RMSSD、呼吸频率、SCL）进行了评估。据报告，缓慢抚摸条件下的皮肤感觉最舒适、最强烈，其次是有节奏的触摸和注意力条件。与基线和注意力条件相比，缓慢抚摸和有节奏的触摸明显降低了心率，增加了高频率、RMSSD、呼吸频率和 SCL。慢速抚摸条件下的愉悦感在很大程度上与诱发的生理变化和评估的特征类特性无关；贝叶斯分析表明，几乎所有情况下的零假设（即缺乏关联）都是优越的。虽然有节奏的抚摸不会让人感到愉快和强烈，但它对心脏活动具有放松（副交感神经）作用，与缓慢抚摸的效果相当。诱发皮肤感觉的特征与人格和身体意识的主要方面无关。

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引用次数: 0

Interpersonal stressors predicting inflammation in adolescents: Moderation by emotion regulation and heart rate variability? 预测青少年炎症的人际关系压力：情绪调节和心率变异的调节作用？

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108900

Nathalie Michels , Stefaan De Henauw , Joanna Klosowska , Kathleen Wijnant , Caroline Braet , Matteo Giletta

This study assessed interpersonal stressors (peer adversity and parental rejection) as predictors of adolescents’ circulating inflammatory markers, while examining emotion regulation and parasympathetic nervous system activity (at rest, reactivity, and recovery) as potential protective moderators. Data were collected in a Belgian cohort of adolescents in 2017 (n=185, 51.4 % boys, 10–18 y) and 2018 (n=98), and included serum inflammatory markers (CRP, TNFα, IFNγ, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10), peer adversity, parental rejection, emotion regulation and heart rate variability (RMSSD-HRV, at rest and in 2018 also in response to a Trier Social Stress Test). Contrary to the hypothesis, interpersonal stressors were negatively related to TNFα (in 2017 and 2018), IFNγ (in 2017 and longitudinally) and IL-6 (in 2018). In 23 % of the tested associations, HRV at rest was a significant moderator: the negative stressor-inflammation associations were present only among adolescents with low HRV resting values. No significant moderation by HRV reactivity or recovery was detected. After correction for multiple testing, all above-mentioned significant findings disappeared. These unexpected findings may suggest that the positive association between stress exposure and circulating markers of inflammation is not yet detectable in adolescence and perhaps becomes evident only later in life.

本研究评估了人际压力源（同伴逆境和父母排斥）作为青少年循环炎症标志物的预测因素，同时研究了情绪调节和副交感神经系统活动（静息、反应和恢复时）作为潜在的保护性调节因素。研究人员于2017年（n=185，51.4%为男孩，10-18岁）和2018年（n=98）在比利时的一个青少年队列中收集了数据，包括血清炎症标志物（CRP、TNFα、IFNγ、IL-6、IL-8和IL-10）、同伴逆境、父母排斥、情绪调节和心率变异性（RMSSD-HRV，静息状态下，2018年还包括对特里尔社会压力测试的反应）。与假设相反，人际压力与TNFα（2017年和2018年）、IFNγ（2017年和纵向）和IL-6（2018年）呈负相关。在23%的测试关联中，静息时心率变异是一个重要的调节因子：只有在静息时心率变异值较低的青少年中，才会出现压力源-炎症的负向关联。没有发现心率变异反应性或恢复性有明显的调节作用。在对多重测试进行校正后，上述所有重要发现都消失了。这些出乎意料的发现可能表明，压力暴露与循环炎症标记物之间的正相关在青少年时期还无法检测到，也许只有在以后的生活中才会变得明显。

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引用次数: 0

The effects of transcranial direct current stimulation over the ventromedial prefrontal cortex on reactive aggression in intoxicated and sober individuals 经颅直流电刺激内侧前额叶皮层对醉酒者和清醒者攻击行为的影响

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108899

Elizabeth Summerell , William Xiao , Chloe Huang , Jaden Terranova , Gadi Gilam , Paolo Riva , Thomas F. Denson

Alcohol-related aggression is a widely observed phenomenon that has detrimental effects on both individuals and society, putatively caused by dysfunction in the prefrontal cortex. The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) plays a critical role in representing the reward value of future actions. Emerging research has suggested that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the vmPFC can reduce aggression. However, no study has examined whether tDCS can mitigate intoxicated aggression. In this study, 153 healthy participants consumed alcohol or not and completed the anger-infused Ultimatum Game with simultaneous double-blind anodal tDCS or sham over the bilateral vmPFC. For participants in the anodal tDCS condition, intoxicated participants were less aggressive than sober participants when insulted. However, among sober participants, anodal tDCS increased aggression. For participants in the alcohol condition, we observed no differences in aggression between the anodal tDCS and the sham tDCS conditions. These findings provide mixed support for tDCS as a means to attenuate intoxicated aggression.

与酒精有关的攻击行为是一种被广泛观察到的现象，对个人和社会都造成了有害影响，其原因可能是前额叶皮层功能紊乱。腹内侧前额叶皮层（vmPFC）在表示未来行为的奖励价值方面起着至关重要的作用。新近的研究表明，经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）vmPFC 可以减少攻击行为。但是，还没有研究表明经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）是否能减轻醉酒后的攻击行为。在这项研究中，153 名健康参与者饮酒或不饮酒，在完成充满愤怒的 "最后通牒游戏 "后，同时在双侧 vmPFC 上进行双盲阳极 tDCS 或假性 tDCS。在阳极 tDCS 条件下，醉酒参与者在受到侮辱时的攻击性低于清醒参与者。然而，在清醒的参与者中，阳极 tDCS 增加了攻击性。对于酒精条件下的参与者，我们观察到阳极 tDCS 和假 tDCS 条件下的攻击性没有差异。这些研究结果为将 tDCS 作为减轻醉酒后攻击行为的一种手段提供了不同的支持。

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引用次数: 0

An investigation of the somatosensory engagement during autonomous sensory meridian response: An ERP study. 自主感觉经络反应中体感参与的研究：ERP研究。

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108961

Natalie Assaf, Marisa Fernandes Soares, Flavia Cardini

The Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) is a sensory-emotional phenomenon characterized by tingling sensations, typically felt across the scalp and neck. Scepticism around this phenomenon is still widespread, keeping the question of whether it is genuine and not mere result of conditioning, still open. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to partially answer this question, by investigating the physiological correlates of the sensory feelings reported during ASMR. In this study, we investigated the time course of somatosensory activity during ASMR, by measuring somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) in response to tactile stimuli delivered to 36 participants, while watching an ASMR and a control video. Cluster-based permutation test results revealed a significant difference in SEPs between the two conditions within the time window of mid-latency components (117-151 ms) and over medial and ipsilateral centro-parietal regions, with larger amplitude while engaging with the ASMR triggers as compared to the non-ASMR eliciting video. These findings provide electrophysiological evidence of enhanced somatosensory engagement during ASMR, contributing to the growing body of research supporting the authenticity of ASMR as a genuine sensory experience.

自主感觉经络反应（ASMR）是一种以刺痛感为特征的感觉-情绪现象，通常在头皮和颈部感觉到。对这一现象的怀疑仍然普遍存在，这使得它是否是真实的，而不仅仅是条件作用的结果的问题仍然存在。因此，本研究的目的是通过调查ASMR期间报告的感官感受的生理相关性来部分回答这个问题。在这项研究中，我们通过测量36名参与者在观看ASMR和对照视频时对触觉刺激的体感诱发电位（SEPs）来研究ASMR期间体感活动的时间过程。基于聚类的排列测试结果显示，在中潜伏期分量（117 - 151ms）以及内侧和同侧中央顶叶区域，两种情况下的sep值存在显著差异，与非ASMR触发视频相比，ASMR触发时的振幅更大。这些发现提供了ASMR期间体感参与增强的电生理证据，有助于越来越多的研究支持ASMR作为真实感官体验的真实性。

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引用次数: 0

Expectation to rewards modulates learning emotional words: Evidence from a hierarchical Bayesian model 对奖励的期望调节情绪词的学习：来自分层贝叶斯模型的证据。

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108895

Weiwei Zhang , Yingyu Li , Chuan Zhou , Baike Li , John W. Schwieter , Huanhuan Liu , Meng Liu

In language acquisition, individuals learn the emotional value of words through external feedback. Previous studies have used emotional words as experimental materials to explore the cognitive mechanisms underlying emotional language processing, but have failed to recognize that languages are acquired in changing environments. To this end, this study aims to combine reinforcement learning with emotional word learning, using a probabilistic reversal learning task to explore how individuals acquire the valence of emotional words in a dynamically changing environment. Computational modeling on both behavioral and event-related potential (ERP) data revealed that individuals’ expectations to rewards modulated the learning speed and temporal processing of emotional words, demonstrating a clear negative bias. Specifically, as the expected value increased, individuals responded faster and exhibited higher amplitudes for negative emotional words. These findings shed light on the neural mechanisms of emotional word learning in a volatile environment, highlighting the crucial role of expectations in this process and a preference for learning negative information.

在语言习得过程中，个体通过外部反馈来学习词语的情感价值。以往的研究使用情感词作为实验材料来探索情感语言加工的认知机制，但没有认识到语言是在不断变化的环境中习得的。为此，本研究旨在将强化学习与情感词学习相结合，使用概率反转学习任务来探索个体如何在动态变化的环境中获得情感词的价值。对行为和事件相关电位（ERP）数据进行计算建模后发现，个体对奖励的预期调节了情绪词的学习速度和时间处理，表现出明显的负偏差。具体来说，随着期望值的增加，个体对负面情绪词的反应速度更快，振幅也更高。这些发现揭示了动荡环境中情绪词学习的神经机制，强调了期望值在这一过程中的关键作用以及学习负面信息的偏好。

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引用次数: 0