Biological Psychology最新文献_第3页

Decreased top-down attention modulation and compensatory recruitment of perception representation in vigilance performance after sleep deprivation 睡眠剥夺后警觉性表现中自上而下的注意调节和知觉表征的代偿性招募减少。

IF 2.9 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2025.109185

Yuqi Zhou , Tian Xie , Zehui Liu , Biao Han , Ning Ma

Vigilance is crucial to daily life, but is highly vulnerable to sleep deprivation (SD). Although prior work attributes SD-related vigilance decline to impaired fronto-parietal function, how sleep loss alters the information-processing processes that support vigilant attention remains unclear. To address this gap, we linked single-trial event-related potentials (ERPs) to psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) performance using a linear mixed-effects model (LMM) across two sessions: normal sleep (NS) and 24-h SD. Forty-three participants completed the PVT in both sessions, with electroencephalography (EEG) recording. Results showed that vigilance performance deteriorated after SD, accompanied by delayed latencies of early ERP components and reduced amplitude of late components. Single-trial LMM analyses indicated that early ERPs predicted vigilance performance in both conditions, but with a delayed onset and stronger effect under SD. Critically, late attention-related ERPs only predicted vigilance in the NS condition, with no evident ERP-performance correlation after SD. These findings suggest that SD alters the information-processing pattern underlying vigilance—weakening top-down control and shifting reliance to earlier, stimulus-driven perceptual processing, which might serve as a partial compensation.

警觉对日常生活至关重要，但它极易受到睡眠剥夺（SD）的影响。虽然先前的研究将sd相关的警觉性下降归因于额顶叶功能受损，但睡眠不足如何改变支持警觉性注意力的信息处理过程仍不清楚。为了解决这一差距，我们使用线性混合效应模型（LMM）将单试验事件相关电位（erp）与精神运动警觉性任务（PVT）的表现联系起来，该模型跨越两个阶段：正常睡眠（NS）和24小时SD。43名参与者在两个阶段都完成了PVT，并进行了脑电图（EEG）记录。结果表明，SD后大鼠的警觉性表现下降，伴有ERP早期成分潜伏期延迟和后期成分振幅降低。单试验LMM分析表明，在两种情况下，早期erp预测警觉性表现，但在SD下延迟发作且效果更强。关键是，晚注意相关的erp仅预测了NS条件下的警觉性，SD后的erp与表现没有明显的相关性。这些发现表明，SD改变了警惕性背后的信息处理模式——削弱了自上而下的控制，并将依赖转移到更早的、刺激驱动的知觉处理，这可能是部分补偿。

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引用次数: 0

Longitudinal relation of family dysfunction to young adults’ social anxiety: Sex and baseline respiratory sinus arrhythmia matter 家庭功能障碍与年轻人社交焦虑的纵向关系：性别和基线呼吸性窦性心律失常的调节作用。

IF 2.9 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2025.109177

Yunxin Zhao , Jingyi Xu , Hui Zhang

The aim of the study was to examine the longitudinal association between family dysfunction and young adults’ social anxiety two years later, and the moderating roles of participant sex and baseline respiratory sinus arrhythmia (Baseline RSA). 109 Chinese college students (M = 18.94 years old, SD = 0.92; 69 males) participated in two waves of data collection two years apart. Participants reported their perceived family dysfunction and social anxiety, and physiological data were collected to capture their baseline RSA. Results indicated family dysfunction, baseline RSA, and participant sex interactively predicted college students’ later social anxiety. Specifically, for females, poorer T1 family dysfunction was associated with severer T2 social anxiety symptoms only among those with low (but not high) levels of baseline RSA at Time 1. Nonetheless, no significant associations were found for males. Findings underscore the importance of simultaneous consideration of individual and contextual factors in understanding young adults’ social adjustment.

本研究的目的是研究两年后家庭功能障碍与年轻人社交焦虑之间的纵向关联，以及参与者性别和基线呼吸窦性心律失常（基线RSA）的调节作用。109名中国大学生（M = 18.94, SD = 0.92，其中69名男性）参加了两波数据收集，时间间隔为两年。参与者报告了他们感知到的家庭功能障碍和社交焦虑，并收集了生理数据来捕捉他们的基线RSA。结果表明，家庭功能障碍、基线RSA和被试性别对大学生后期社交焦虑有交互影响。具体来说，对于女性来说，较差的T1家庭功能障碍仅在时间1时基线RSA水平较低（但不高）的女性中与较严重的T2社交焦虑症状相关。然而，在男性中没有发现明显的关联。研究结果强调了在理解年轻人的社会适应时同时考虑个人和环境因素的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Insufficient cognitive resources allocation with compensatory sensory enhancement in children with attention difficulties 注意困难儿童认知资源分配不足伴补偿性感觉增强。

IF 2.9 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2025.109176

Siyuan Zhang , Lixia Liang , Shuting Yu , Xuebing Li

A subset of children exhibits ADHD symptoms without meeting full diagnostic criteria. These children demonstrate behavioral difficulties and functional impairments but often lack access to evidence-based interventions. This study examined the neural mechanisms underlying the ADHD symptoms in these children by using classic and modified oddball paradigms that incorporated novel stimuli and rare repetitive distractors and analyzed event-related potential (ERP) components across different stages of visual attentional processing. Forty-six children participated in the study and were categorized into a group with normal visual attention (Group 1) and a group with attention difficulties (Group 2) by the Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test (IVA-CPT). Behavioral results revealed that Group 2 children had lower accuracy rates in both tasks, though no interaction emerged between stimulus condition and group. Reaction times did not differ significantly between groups. ERP results indicated that Group 2 exhibited reduced N2 amplitudes and prolonged N2 latencies across all conditions. In the modified task, they also showed attenuated P3 amplitudes to target stimuli. Additionally, Group 2 displayed shorter P2 latencies across conditions. These findings suggest deficits in top-down attention and early bottom-up sensory processing in children with ADHD symptoms. Furthermore, we propose a compensatory mechanism wherein heightened early sensory sensitivity may partially counteract deficient neural resource allocation in later attentional stages. Together, these results imply that training programs targeting cognitive abilities could help alleviate behavioral symptoms.

一部分儿童表现出ADHD症状，但不符合全部诊断标准。这些儿童表现出行为困难和功能障碍，但往往无法获得循证干预措施。本研究采用经典和改进的古怪范式，结合新颖的刺激和罕见的重复干扰物，研究了这些儿童ADHD症状的神经机制，并分析了视觉注意加工不同阶段的事件相关电位（ERP）成分。通过视觉和听觉综合连续表现测试（IVA-CPT）将46名儿童分为视觉注意正常组（1组）和注意困难组（2组）。行为结果显示，第二组儿童在两项任务中的准确率较低，但刺激条件和组间没有相互作用。两组之间的反应时间没有显著差异。ERP结果表明，2组在所有条件下均表现出N2振幅降低和N2潜伏期延长。在修改后的任务中，他们对目标刺激也表现出减弱的P3振幅。此外，组2在不同条件下显示出更短的P2潜伏期。这些发现表明，ADHD儿童在自上而下的注意力和早期自下而上的感觉加工方面存在缺陷。此外，我们提出了一种补偿机制，其中早期感觉敏感性的提高可以部分抵消后期注意阶段神经资源分配的不足。总之，这些结果表明，针对认知能力的训练计划可以帮助缓解行为症状。

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引用次数: 0

Neural mechanisms underlying the depression-reducing effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction in university students: A Rs-fMRI study 正念减压对大学生抑郁缓解作用的神经机制：一项Rs-fMRI研究。

IF 2.9 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2025.109174

Xiaonan Zhan , Huibiao Li , Ke Chen , Youmei Chen , Xin Zhao , Jianhao Zhou , Hong Liu , Zheng Jiang

Depression constitutes a major global public health burden, with university students exhibiting a disproportionately high prevalence of depressive symptoms. Although Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) has demonstrated efficacy in alleviating depressive symptomatology, its underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This randomized controlled trial investigated neural activity changes and functional connectivity alterations of MBSR's depression-reducing effects in university students using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Forty-two healthy university students were randomly assigned to either an 8-week MBSR intervention or a control group. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21, and rs-fMRI data were acquired to examine regional brain activity and functional connectivity. Results demonstrated that MBSR participants exhibited greater improvements in depression scores compared to the control group. Neuroimaging analyses indicated that MBSR intervention led to reduced Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuations (ALFF), fractional ALFF, and Regional Homogeneity in the right middle cingulate cortex (MCC). Furthermore, seed-based functional connectivity analysis demonstrated decreased connectivity between the right MCC and regions involved in emotional regulation and self-referential processing, including the left hippocampus and bilateral precuneus, in the MBSR group relative to controls. Furthermore, changes in MCC-hippocampus and MCC-precuneus functional connectivity were negatively correlated with improvements in depression scores. These findings provide novel evidence that MBSR promotes adaptive neural reorganization, characterized by reduced activity and altered functional connectivity within the MCC-centric emotional regulation network, providing mechanistic insight into for its depression-reducing effects in subclinical populations and supporting the neural efficiency hypothesis.

抑郁症是全球主要的公共卫生负担，大学生出现抑郁症状的比例高得不成比例。虽然正念减压（MBSR）在缓解抑郁症状方面已被证明有效，但其潜在的神经生物学机制仍不完全清楚。本研究采用静息状态功能磁共振成像（rs-fMRI）研究正念减压疗法对大学生抑郁的神经活动变化和功能连通性的影响。42名健康的大学生被随机分配到8周的正念减压干预组和对照组。临床结果使用抑郁焦虑压力量表-21进行评估，并获得rs-fMRI数据以检查区域大脑活动和功能连接。结果表明，与对照组相比，正念减压参与者在抑郁得分方面表现出更大的改善。神经影像学分析表明，MBSR干预导致右侧中扣带皮层（MCC）低频波动幅度（ALFF）、分数ALFF和区域均匀性降低。此外，基于种子的功能连通性分析表明，与对照组相比，正念减压组的右MCC与参与情绪调节和自我参照加工的区域（包括左海马和双侧楔前叶）之间的连通性有所下降。此外，mcc -海马和mcc -楔前叶功能连通性的变化与抑郁评分的改善呈负相关。这些发现为正念减压促进适应性神经重组提供了新的证据，其特征是活动减少和mcc中心情绪调节网络功能连接的改变，为其在亚临床人群中减少抑郁的作用提供了机制见解，并支持了神经效率假说。

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引用次数: 0

Targeted neuromodulation of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex alleviates altered affective response evaluation in lonely individuals 左背外侧前额叶皮层的定向神经调节减轻了孤独个体情感反应评价的改变。

IF 2.9 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2025.109175

Szymon Mąka, Marta Chrustowicz, Łukasz Okruszek

Loneliness has been suggested to be linked to increased bottom-up appraisal processes of social threat coupled with top-down emotion regulation mechanisms. We have recently found a partial confirmation for such mechanisms in our large scale study (Mąka et al., in press), thus, in this preregistered double-blind study, we tested the effects of noninvasive brain stimulation over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) on emotional response and regulation in lonely individuals. 120 individuals received active (2 mA) or sham transcranial direct current stimulation over the left or right dlPFC in separate sessions. Participants were asked to passively watch negative or neutral stimuli or to reinterpret negative stimuli to decrease their affective response. Overt behavioral responses (valence and arousal self-response) and covert physiological markers (event-related potentials) of the affective response in each group were analyzed separately for stimuli with and without social content. Active dlPFC stimulation enhanced neural modulation during the reappraisal of social stimuli, as reflected in a larger difference in late positive potential between reappraised and passively viewed negative images. However, the valence rating difference between these conditions suggested less effective reappraisal under active stimulation. Anodal stimulation of the left dlPFC selectively decreased self-reported emotional reactivity during the passive viewing of social stimuli in highly lonely individuals. However, this effect occurred without corresponding changes in ERP markers. These results confirm that loneliness may primarily impair the self-monitoring of affective responses rather than that of regulatory mechanisms. Furthermore, targeted non-invasive brain stimulation of dlPFC can alleviate loneliness-related difficulties in this domain.

孤独被认为与自下而上的社会威胁评估过程的增加以及自上而下的情绪调节机制有关。我们最近在我们的大规模研究中发现了这种机制的部分证实（Mąka等人，2025），因此，在这项预注册的双盲研究中，我们测试了对背外侧前额叶皮层（dlPFC）进行无创脑刺激对孤独个体情绪反应和调节的影响。120名受试者分别在左、右dlPFC接受了主动（2mA）或假性经颅直流电刺激。参与者被要求被动地观看消极或中性的刺激，或者重新解释消极刺激以减少他们的情感反应。分别分析两组情感反应的显性行为反应（效价和觉醒自我反应）和隐性生理标记（事件相关电位）。主动dlPFC刺激增强了对社会刺激重新评价过程中的神经调节，这反映在重新评价和被动观看消极图像之间的后期正电位差异更大。然而，两种情况下的效价评定差异表明在主动刺激下的重评效果较差。在高度孤独的个体被动观看社会刺激时，对左左前额叶皮层的阳极刺激选择性地降低了自我报告的情绪反应。然而，这种效应在ERP标记没有相应变化的情况下发生。这些结果证实，孤独可能主要损害情感反应的自我监控，而不是调节机制。此外，有针对性的无创脑刺激dlPFC可以减轻该领域的孤独相关困难。

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引用次数: 0

Introduction to VSI: Revealing the dynamic nature of brain oscillations underlying cognitive processes VSI简介：揭示认知过程中大脑振荡的动态本质

IF 2.9 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2025.109173

Chi-Hung Juan , Philip H. Tseng

引用次数: 0

Child and adolescent internalizing and externalizing traits, and epigenetic summary scores: A scoping review 儿童和青少年内化和外化特征，以及表观遗传总结得分：范围综述。

IF 2.9 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2025.109164

Erin B. Ware , Joshua A. Goode , Uma N. Hornish , Devin P. McNulty , Thomas Karadimas , Gillian Acedo , Jaedyn Birchmier , Abigail Histed , Rachel Hsu , Natasha Jones , Ryan Tung , Farah Ammous , Edward D. Huntley , Helen CS. Meier , Colter M. Mitchell

To better understand the relationship between DNA methylation summary measures and childhood behavioral and emotional problems, this scoping review synthesizes current research on the associations between DNA methylation and internalizing or externalizing traits or behaviors in children and adolescents. By identifying which psychological phenotypes are most consistently linked to DNA methylation summary measures and contextualizing research practices, this review highlights key methodological trends and gaps in the literature. Future research should include diverse and representative samples to enhance the generalizability and robustness of findings. Careful control for genetic ancestry, potential confounders, and adoption of standardized methodologies are important for improving the precision and interpretability of results. Additionally, a comprehensive examination of literature employing alternative DNA methylation methodologies, including epigenome-wide studies and pathway-based analytical approaches oriented toward mechanistic investigation, would afford greater insight into the interplay between DNAm and internalizing and externalizing symptomatology.

为了更好地理解DNA甲基化总结测量与儿童行为和情绪问题之间的关系，本综述综合了目前关于DNA甲基化与儿童和青少年内化或外化特征或行为之间关系的研究。通过确定哪些心理表型与DNA甲基化总结测量和背景化研究实践最一致，本综述强调了文献中关键的方法趋势和差距。未来的研究应包括多样化和代表性的样本，以提高研究结果的普遍性和稳健性。仔细控制遗传祖先、潜在混杂因素和采用标准化方法对于提高结果的精确性和可解释性非常重要。此外，采用替代DNA甲基化方法的文献综合检查，包括全基因组研究和面向机制研究的基于途径的分析方法，将更深入地了解DNAm与内化和外化症状之间的相互作用。

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引用次数: 0

Integration of voice attractiveness and emotional semantics in spoken word processing: An ERP Study 语音吸引力与情感语义在口语文字处理中的整合：一个ERP研究。

IF 2.9 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2025.109142

Hang Zhang , Junchen Shang , Jin Gao , Werner Sommer , Weijun Li

Attractive voices can capture listeners’ attention and evoke positive emotions. However, our understanding of how the brain integrates voice attractiveness and emotional semantic information in speech, and the temporal unfolding of this process, remains limited. The present study explored this question using event-related brain potentials (ERPs). Participants listened to disyllabic Chinese adjectives of different emotional semantic valence (positive, e.g., mature; negative, e.g., despicable; neutral, e.g., obvious), recited by speakers with voices that had been selected for high or low attractiveness in a previous study Participants performed separate voice attractiveness and semantic valence judgments on these voice stimuli. The early N1 component of the recorded ERPs revealed an early interaction between voice attractiveness, semantic valence, and task. At later stages, voice attractiveness and semantic valence were processed independently, showing distinct effects in specific time windows during the valence judgment task. These findings suggest that the integration of emotional semantics and voice attractiveness occurs mainly at an early stage, followed by more independent processing later on.

声音的魅力与情感体验密切相关，有吸引力的声音更有可能唤起积极的情绪。然而，我们对大脑如何在言语中整合声音吸引力和情感语义信息，以及这一过程的时间展开的理解仍然有限。本研究利用事件相关脑电位（ERPs）探讨了这个问题。参与者在进行声音吸引力判断和语义效价判断时，分别听取由高吸引力声音和低吸引力声音说出的不同情感语义效价的汉语双音节形容词。ERP的早期N1分量揭示了语音吸引力、语义效价和任务之间的早期相互作用。在后期阶段，语音吸引力和语义价被独立处理，在价判断任务的特定时间窗口中各自表现出不同的效果。这些发现表明，情感语义和声音吸引力的整合主要发生在早期阶段，随后是更独立的加工。

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引用次数: 0

Cross-modal semantic and non-semantic distraction impairs auditory working memory: Behavioral and ERP evidence 跨模态语义和非语义分心损害听觉工作记忆：行为和ERP证据。

IF 2.9 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2025.109154

Jiahong Cui , Nianqiu Shen , Hongjun Chen , Hongyu Zhou , Lei Hu , Wenbo Yu , Zhihan Liu , Daisuke Sawamura , Yuxuan Wang , Fengyu Cong

Visual distraction often disrupts auditory working memory, but it remains unclear whether semantic and non-semantic distractors interfere through similar or distinct neural mechanisms. This study used event-related potentials (ERPs) to examine the neural dynamics of semantic and non-semantic visual distractors during an auditory working memory task. Thirty nine healthy adults performed a paced auditory serial addition task (PASAT) while exposed to either semantic (digits) or non-semantic (abstract symbols) visual distractors. Behavioral results showed that both distractor types impaired accuracy, with semantic distractors producing longer reaction times and higher omission rates. ERP analyses revealed that both distractor types elicited enhanced P200 amplitudes and prolonged N200 and P300 latencies, reflecting shared early attentional capture and delayed stimulus evaluation. Semantic distractors further induced stronger N200 negativity at frontal sites and shortened P200 latencies, suggesting rapid semantic access and increased conflict detection demands, whereas only non-semantic distractors reduced P300 amplitudes, indicating reactive resource reallocation. Importantly, greater reductions in P300 amplitude were associated with slower responses in the semantic distractor condition. These findings demonstrate that semantic and non-semantic distractors engage partially overlapping but functionally distinct neural processes, emphasizing the importance of distractor content and processing stage in models of cross-modal cognitive control.

视觉干扰通常会干扰听觉工作记忆，但语义和非语义干扰是否通过相似或不同的神经机制进行干扰尚不清楚。本研究利用事件相关电位（ERPs）研究了听觉工作记忆任务中语义和非语义视觉干扰物的神经动力学。39名健康成人在暴露于语义（数字）或非语义（抽象符号）视觉干扰物的情况下进行了有节奏的听觉序列加法任务（PASAT）。行为学结果表明，两种类型的干扰物都会损害准确性，语义干扰物会产生更长的反应时间和更高的遗漏率。ERP分析显示，两种分心物类型均引起P200振幅增强，N200和P300潜伏期延长，反映了早期注意捕获和延迟刺激评估的共同特征。语义干扰进一步增强了额叶N200负性，缩短了P200潜伏期，表明语义获取快速，增加了冲突检测需求，而非语义干扰降低了P300振幅，表明反应性资源重新分配。重要的是，在语义干扰条件下，P300振幅的较大降低与较慢的反应有关。这些发现表明，语义和非语义干扰物参与部分重叠但功能不同的神经过程，强调了干扰物内容和加工阶段在跨模态认知控制模型中的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Can working memory training improve working memory capacity in typically developing children?: Training methods reveal specific effects 工作记忆训练能提高正常发育儿童的工作记忆能力吗？：训练方法揭示具体效果

IF 2.9 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2025.109140

Yan Hong , Renlai Zhou

This study aimed to investigate whether different working memory training (WMT) tasks differ in their effects on improving working memory, as well as their underlying cognitive neural mechanisms, from the perspective of training task characteristics. In the present study, we compared two tasks: adaptive running memory span (RMS) training and working memory animal span (WMAS) training. Eighty-four children were randomly assigned to one of the two training groups or the control group. All training protocols consisted of 20 sessions over approximately 4 weeks. Before and after training, the children completed a battery of cognitive tasks to examine the transfer of training effects to untrained measures: the backward digit span, which measured phonological WM storage; the change-detection task, which measured visual WM storage; and the n-back task with electroencephalogram (EEG), which assessed multi-item WM capacity. Compared with the control group, the two training groups showed distinct improvements in working memory capacity, which varied by training task: specifically, children in the RMS group exhibited gains in visual WM storage, updating ability, the mean amplitudes of P2 and P3, and theta power. In contrast, those in the WMAS group showed changes in the mean amplitude of P2 and alpha power. These findings provide evidence that WMT may enhance children’s working memory capacity; however, such near-transfer effects are modulated by the specific training task.

本研究旨在从工作记忆训练任务特征的角度，探讨不同工作记忆训练任务对工作记忆的改善效果是否存在差异，以及其潜在的认知神经机制。在本研究中，我们比较了两个任务：适应性跑步记忆广度（RMS）训练和工作记忆动物广度（WMAS）训练。84名儿童被随机分配到两个训练组或对照组。所有的训练方案包括大约4周的20次训练。在训练前后，孩子们完成了一系列的认知任务，以检验训练对未训练措施的影响：后向数字广度，测量语音记忆的存储；变化检测任务，测量视觉WM存储；n-back任务用脑电图（EEG）来评估多项目WM能力。与对照组相比，两个训练组在工作记忆容量方面表现出明显的改善，这种改善因训练任务而异：具体而言，RMS组的儿童在视觉WM存储、更新能力、P2和P3的平均振幅和θ波功率方面表现出提高。相比之下，WMAS组的P2平均振幅和α功率发生了变化。这些发现为WMT可能提高儿童的工作记忆能力提供了证据；然而，这种近似转移效应是由特定的训练任务调节的。

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引用次数: 0