Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1163/157075407779766697
M. Tyler, T. Chapman
A live specimen of the microhylid frog Kaloula pulchra was found by cargo handlers at Perth International Airport and handed to a Western Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service officer. The frog was found in or near an air container at the Qantas Cargo area. It is not known from which aircraft, cargo or country the frog originated. This species is not known to have been recorded in Australia, but it has been accidentally imported into New Zealand. A single live specimen was accidentally introduced in cargo containing a garden statue from Vietnam and intercepted at a wharf (Gill et al., 2001). Kaloula pulchra is distributed over a 2,283,959 km2 area from Nepal and north-eastern India through Myanmar and Thailand to southern China, Singapore, Sumatra, Borneo, and Sulawesi (Inger and Lian, 1996). It inhabits a wide range of habitats, including wetlands, riverbanks, forests and residential, agricultural and urban areas (IUCN et al., 2004). Kaloula pulchra meets many of the criteria for a vertebrate pest according to the contemporary Australian Risk Assessment model (see Bomford, 2003). Because of its close association with humans (Frost, 2004) it has already been introduced and established in Singapore, Borneo and Celebes (Inger, 1966; Lim and Lim, 1996; Iskandar, 1998). At present, the Cane Toad Bufo marinus is the only exotic amphibian known to have become established as a feral pest in Australia. The accidental importation of a live K. pulchra into Australia highlights the need for
珀斯国际机场的货物装卸人员发现了一只活的小水螅蛙Kaloula pulchra标本，并将其交给了西澳大利亚检疫检验局的官员。这只青蛙是在澳航货运区的一个航空集装箱内或附近被发现的。目前尚不清楚这只青蛙来自哪架飞机、哪个货物或哪个国家。这个物种在澳大利亚没有记录，但它被意外地进口到新西兰。一个活的标本被意外地引入越南花园雕像的货物中，并在码头被截获(Gill et al.， 2001)。Kaloula pulchra分布在2,283,959平方公里的地区，从尼泊尔和印度东北部穿过缅甸和泰国，到中国南部、新加坡、苏门答腊、婆罗洲和苏拉威西(Inger和Lian, 1996)。它的栖息地范围很广，包括湿地、河岸、森林以及居民区、农业区和城区(IUCN et al.， 2004)。根据当代澳大利亚风险评估模型(见Bomford, 2003)， Kaloula pulchra符合脊椎动物害虫的许多标准。由于它与人类的密切联系(弗罗斯特，2004年)，它已经被引入并建立在新加坡，婆罗洲和西里伯斯(Inger, 1966;Lim和Lim, 1996;依斯干达,1998)。目前，海蟾蜍是唯一一种在澳大利亚被确定为野生害虫的外来两栖动物。意外进口到澳大利亚的活K. pulchra突出了需要
{"title":"An Asian species of frog ( Kaloula pulchra , Microhylidae) intercepted at Perth International Airport, Australia","authors":"M. Tyler, T. Chapman","doi":"10.1163/157075407779766697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/157075407779766697","url":null,"abstract":"A live specimen of the microhylid frog Kaloula pulchra was found by cargo handlers at Perth International Airport and handed to a Western Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service officer. The frog was found in or near an air container at the Qantas Cargo area. It is not known from which aircraft, cargo or country the frog originated. This species is not known to have been recorded in Australia, but it has been accidentally imported into New Zealand. A single live specimen was accidentally introduced in cargo containing a garden statue from Vietnam and intercepted at a wharf (Gill et al., 2001). Kaloula pulchra is distributed over a 2,283,959 km2 area from Nepal and north-eastern India through Myanmar and Thailand to southern China, Singapore, Sumatra, Borneo, and Sulawesi (Inger and Lian, 1996). It inhabits a wide range of habitats, including wetlands, riverbanks, forests and residential, agricultural and urban areas (IUCN et al., 2004). Kaloula pulchra meets many of the criteria for a vertebrate pest according to the contemporary Australian Risk Assessment model (see Bomford, 2003). Because of its close association with humans (Frost, 2004) it has already been introduced and established in Singapore, Borneo and Celebes (Inger, 1966; Lim and Lim, 1996; Iskandar, 1998). At present, the Cane Toad Bufo marinus is the only exotic amphibian known to have become established as a feral pest in Australia. The accidental importation of a live K. pulchra into Australia highlights the need for","PeriodicalId":55499,"journal":{"name":"Applied Herpetology","volume":"4 1","pages":"86-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/157075407779766697","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64917590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1163/157075407779766705
Robert C. Jadin, J. Coleman
The Mediterranean house gecko (Hemidactylus turcicus) was first observed in the United States in Key West, Florida as early as 1915 (Stejneger, 1922). At least two other independent introductions of H. turcicus are believed to have occurred, one in New Orleans, Louisiana in the late 1940’s (Etheridge, 1952), and the other near the border of Mexico in Brownsville, Texas, in the early 1950’s (Conant, 1955). They have since been found in Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Kansas, Maryland, Mississippi, Nevada, New Mexico, South Carolina, Utah, and Virginia (Hare, 2006; NatureServe, 2006; Reed et al., 2006). In the southern states, only North Carolina and Tennessee have no records. H. turcicus is nocturnal and in its introduced range associated with urban and suburban habitats, feeds on insects attracted to outdoor lights (Davis, 1974). Its success as a colonizer has been attributed to quick maturation, limited interspecific competition, low predation pressure, and multiple clutches per reproductive season (Selcer, 1986). In Texas, Davis (1974) showed that H. turcicus had expanded its range north, using highways as corridors to human domiciles, but remaining below a line from Del Rio through San Antonio to Austin and Houston. With few barriers and increasing transportation of this species to new localities, H. turcicus is becoming common throughout urban areas of the southern United States (Meshaka et al., 2006). In Texas it is currently documented in more than 70 counties (Dixon, 2000). Although no studies have documented negative impacts on native species, its expanding distribution and abundance should be documented. Currently, 28
早在1915年，地中海家壁虎(Hemidactylus turcicus)就在美国佛罗里达州的基韦斯特首次被观察到(Stejneger, 1922)。据信，至少有两次其他的独立引种，一次是在1940年代末在路易斯安那州的新奥尔良(Etheridge, 1952)，另一次是在1950年代初在德克萨斯州的布朗斯维尔靠近墨西哥边境的地方(Conant, 1955)。此后，它们在阿拉巴马州、亚利桑那州、阿肯色州、加利福尼亚州、佐治亚州、堪萨斯州、马里兰州、密西西比州、内华达州、新墨西哥州、南卡罗来纳州、犹他州和弗吉尼亚州被发现(Hare, 2006;NatureServe, 2006;Reed et al.， 2006)。在南部各州，只有北卡罗来纳州和田纳西州没有记录。黄斑夜蛾是夜行动物，在城市和郊区栖息地的引种范围内，以被室外灯光吸引的昆虫为食(Davis, 1974)。它作为殖民者的成功归因于成熟迅速，种间竞争有限，捕食压力低，每个繁殖季节多窝(Selcer, 1986)。在德克萨斯州，Davis(1974)表明，黄斑瓢虫已经将其活动范围向北扩展，利用高速公路作为通往人类住所的走廊，但仍然低于从德尔里约热内卢到圣安东尼奥到奥斯汀和休斯顿的线。由于该物种向新地点迁移的障碍很少，而且迁移的速度也在增加，因此在美国南部的城市地区，黄顶胡蝇正变得越来越普遍(Meshaka et al.， 2006)。在德克萨斯州，目前有超过70个县记录在案(Dixon, 2000)。虽然没有研究记录对本地物种的负面影响，但其不断扩大的分布和丰富程度应该被记录下来。目前,28
{"title":"New county records of the Mediterranean house gecko (Hemidactylus turcicus) in northeastern Texas, with comments on range expansion","authors":"Robert C. Jadin, J. Coleman","doi":"10.1163/157075407779766705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/157075407779766705","url":null,"abstract":"The Mediterranean house gecko (Hemidactylus turcicus) was first observed in the United States in Key West, Florida as early as 1915 (Stejneger, 1922). At least two other independent introductions of H. turcicus are believed to have occurred, one in New Orleans, Louisiana in the late 1940’s (Etheridge, 1952), and the other near the border of Mexico in Brownsville, Texas, in the early 1950’s (Conant, 1955). They have since been found in Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Kansas, Maryland, Mississippi, Nevada, New Mexico, South Carolina, Utah, and Virginia (Hare, 2006; NatureServe, 2006; Reed et al., 2006). In the southern states, only North Carolina and Tennessee have no records. H. turcicus is nocturnal and in its introduced range associated with urban and suburban habitats, feeds on insects attracted to outdoor lights (Davis, 1974). Its success as a colonizer has been attributed to quick maturation, limited interspecific competition, low predation pressure, and multiple clutches per reproductive season (Selcer, 1986). In Texas, Davis (1974) showed that H. turcicus had expanded its range north, using highways as corridors to human domiciles, but remaining below a line from Del Rio through San Antonio to Austin and Houston. With few barriers and increasing transportation of this species to new localities, H. turcicus is becoming common throughout urban areas of the southern United States (Meshaka et al., 2006). In Texas it is currently documented in more than 70 counties (Dixon, 2000). Although no studies have documented negative impacts on native species, its expanding distribution and abundance should be documented. Currently, 28","PeriodicalId":55499,"journal":{"name":"Applied Herpetology","volume":"4 1","pages":"90-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/157075407779766705","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64917640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1163/157075407780681338
J. Daltry
At least 29 reptiles and amphibians have been documented on Antigua, Barbuda and Redonda, of which 21 are probably native. These include four species of marine turtles, two of which (Eretmochelys imbricata and Chelonia mydas) are known to nest on the nation's numerous sandy beaches and forage in nearshore waters. The low-lying and largely sedimentary islands of Antigua (280 km2) and Barbuda (161 km2) formed a single island as recently as 12,000 years ago and exhibit a similar herpetofauna with high endemicity. At least four terrestrial species are endemic to the Antigua and Barbuda bank: Alsophis antiguae, Ameiva griswoldi, Anolis wattsi, Sphaerodactylus elegantulus (a possible fifth being Barbuda's Anolis forresti, if not synonymous with A wattsi), and a further five are Lesser Antillean endemics. Only six species have been documented on the small, rugged volcanic island of Redonda (1 km2), but as many as half of them occur nowhere else (Ameiva atrata, Anolis nubilus, and a potentially new Sphaerodactylus sp.). Centuries of forest clearance, overgrazing and development, coupled with the introduction of small Asian mongooses (Herpestes javanicus), black rats (Rattus rattus) and other alien invasive species, has endangered many of the nation's wildlife, and at least four indigenous reptiles have been extirpated (Boa constrictor, Clelia clelia, Iguana delicatissima, and Leiocephalus cuneus). Recent moves to enlarge the nation's protected area network are encouraging, but need to be supported with stronger legislation and proper investment in management staff and resources. This paper presents conservation recommendations and describes two projects that have adopted innovative approaches to save the most critically endangered reptiles — the Jumby Bay Hawksbill Project and the Antiguan Racer Conservation Project.
{"title":"An Introduction To The Herpetofauna Of Antigua, Barbuda And Redonda, With Some Conservation Recommendations","authors":"J. Daltry","doi":"10.1163/157075407780681338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/157075407780681338","url":null,"abstract":"At least 29 reptiles and amphibians have been documented on Antigua, Barbuda and Redonda, of which 21 are probably native. These include four species of marine turtles, two of which (Eretmochelys imbricata and Chelonia mydas) are known to nest on the nation's numerous sandy beaches and forage in nearshore waters. The low-lying and largely sedimentary islands of Antigua (280 km2) and Barbuda (161 km2) formed a single island as recently as 12,000 years ago and exhibit a similar herpetofauna with high endemicity. At least four terrestrial species are endemic to the Antigua and Barbuda bank: Alsophis antiguae, Ameiva griswoldi, Anolis wattsi, Sphaerodactylus elegantulus (a possible fifth being Barbuda's Anolis forresti, if not synonymous with A wattsi), and a further five are Lesser Antillean endemics. Only six species have been documented on the small, rugged volcanic island of Redonda (1 km2), but as many as half of them occur nowhere else (Ameiva atrata, Anolis nubilus, and a potentially new Sphaerodactylus sp.). Centuries of forest clearance, overgrazing and development, coupled with the introduction of small Asian mongooses (Herpestes javanicus), black rats (Rattus rattus) and other alien invasive species, has endangered many of the nation's wildlife, and at least four indigenous reptiles have been extirpated (Boa constrictor, Clelia clelia, Iguana delicatissima, and Leiocephalus cuneus). Recent moves to enlarge the nation's protected area network are encouraging, but need to be supported with stronger legislation and proper investment in management staff and resources. This paper presents conservation recommendations and describes two projects that have adopted innovative approaches to save the most critically endangered reptiles — the Jumby Bay Hawksbill Project and the Antiguan Racer Conservation Project.","PeriodicalId":55499,"journal":{"name":"Applied Herpetology","volume":"4 1","pages":"97-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/157075407780681338","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64917977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1163/157075407780681356
O. Lorvelec, M. Pascal, C. Pavis, P. Feldmann
At least five marine turtles and 49 terrestrial or freshwater amphibians and reptiles have been listed from the French West Indies since the beginning of human settlement. Among terrestrial or freshwater species, two groups may be distinguished. The first group comprises 35 native species, of which seven are currently extinct or vanished. These species are often endemic to a bank and make up the initial herpetofauna of the French West Indies. Disregarding two species impossible to rule on due to lack of data, the second group includes twelve species that were introduced. Except for marine turtles and some terrestrial species for which the decline was due to human predation, the extinctions primarily involved ground living reptiles of average size and round section body shape. Habitat degradation and mammalian predator introductions have probably contributed to the extinction of these species, in addition to a possible direct impact of man. To better understand the threats to species, we suggest studying the interactions between native herpetofauna and introduced competitors or predators, taking into account the habitat structure. This would help to give the necessary information for successful management measures for conservation or restoration. As an example, the conservation of the Petite Terre (Guadeloupe) Iguana delicatissima population requires identifying both the mechanisms that regulate its population and their relationships to catastrophic climatic events.
{"title":"Amphibians And Reptiles Of The French West Indies: Inventory, Threats And Conservation","authors":"O. Lorvelec, M. Pascal, C. Pavis, P. Feldmann","doi":"10.1163/157075407780681356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/157075407780681356","url":null,"abstract":"At least five marine turtles and 49 terrestrial or freshwater amphibians and reptiles have been listed from the French West Indies since the beginning of human settlement. Among terrestrial or freshwater species, two groups may be distinguished. The first group comprises 35 native species, of which seven are currently extinct or vanished. These species are often endemic to a bank and make up the initial herpetofauna of the French West Indies. Disregarding two species impossible to rule on due to lack of data, the second group includes twelve species that were introduced. Except for marine turtles and some terrestrial species for which the decline was due to human predation, the extinctions primarily involved ground living reptiles of average size and round section body shape. Habitat degradation and mammalian predator introductions have probably contributed to the extinction of these species, in addition to a possible direct impact of man. To better understand the threats to species, we suggest studying the interactions between native herpetofauna and introduced competitors or predators, taking into account the habitat structure. This would help to give the necessary information for successful management measures for conservation or restoration. As an example, the conservation of the Petite Terre (Guadeloupe) Iguana delicatissima population requires identifying both the mechanisms that regulate its population and their relationships to catastrophic climatic events.","PeriodicalId":55499,"journal":{"name":"Applied Herpetology","volume":"4 1","pages":"131-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/157075407780681356","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64918119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1163/157075407782424566
R. Joglar, Alberto Álvarez, T. Aide, D. Barber, P. Burrowes, Miguel A. García, Abimael León-Cardona, A. Longo, N. Pérez-Buitrago, A. Puente, Neftalí Ríos-López, P. Tolson
With a total area of 8900 km2, Puerto Rico is the smallest of the Greater Antilles. It is divided in three physiographic regions or areas of relief: the mountainous interior, the karst region, and the coastal plains and valleys. The island comprises six ecological life zones: subtropical dry forest, subtropical moist forest, subtropical wet forest, subtropical rain forest, lower montane wet forest and lower montane rain forest. The herpetofauna of Puerto Rico consists of 25 species of amphibians (19 native, six introduced) and 56 species of reptiles (52 native, four introduced). The goal of this paper is to describe some of the present studies directed towards the conservation of Puerto Rican herpetofauna. Eleutherodactylus karlschmidti, E. jasperi and E. eneidae have not been seen or heard since 1976, 1981 and 1990, respectively, and are probably extinct. Since 2000, the potential causes of amphibian declines in Puerto Rico have been studied, and a synergistic interaction between climate change (increased dry periods) and disease (chytridiomycosis) have been proposed as an explanation for the patterns observed. Recovery efforts for Peltophryne lemur include a captive-breeding program, reintroductions island-wide educational outreach, protection and restoration of existing habitat, and the creation of new breeding ponds. Among reptiles, the first conservation efforts to protect Epicrates inornatus were limited to trying to halt collection and hunting. However, current strategies to preserve the boa include gathering basic biological information, habitat conservation, and educational outreach. Recent efforts for the conservation of Trachemys s. stejnegeri combine three research approaches to clarify the status of local populations: a mark-recapture-release study, field monitoring of reproductive activity (i. e., nocturnal patrolling to identify nesting activity), and field assessment of the potential impact of introduced species, particularly identification of predatory species and exotic turtles. Recovery initiatives for Cyclura stejnegeri include management of invasive mammals, a headstart program for hatchling iguanas, and the assessment of the etiology of a condition causing blindness in adult iguanas. A reforestation project aimed at recovering a local herpetofaunal assemblage after disturbances in a limestone valley in northern Puerto Rico is discussed. As population sizes of common colonizers such as Eleutherodactylus and Anolis increased, larger forest-interior and predatory species like Epicrates inornatus, Alsophis portoricensis and Anolis cuvieri followed. Finally, the Mona Island marine turtle monitoring program is discussed and compared to other similar programs in Puerto Rico. As these and other similar conservation efforts provide scientifically based management recommendations, we hope to succeed in conserving the diverse herpetofauna that characterizes Puerto Rico.
{"title":"Conserving the Puerto Rican herpetofauna","authors":"R. Joglar, Alberto Álvarez, T. Aide, D. Barber, P. Burrowes, Miguel A. García, Abimael León-Cardona, A. Longo, N. Pérez-Buitrago, A. Puente, Neftalí Ríos-López, P. Tolson","doi":"10.1163/157075407782424566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/157075407782424566","url":null,"abstract":"With a total area of 8900 km2, Puerto Rico is the smallest of the Greater Antilles. It is divided in three physiographic regions or areas of relief: the mountainous interior, the karst region, and the coastal plains and valleys. The island comprises six ecological life zones: subtropical dry forest, subtropical moist forest, subtropical wet forest, subtropical rain forest, lower montane wet forest and lower montane rain forest. The herpetofauna of Puerto Rico consists of 25 species of amphibians (19 native, six introduced) and 56 species of reptiles (52 native, four introduced). The goal of this paper is to describe some of the present studies directed towards the conservation of Puerto Rican herpetofauna. Eleutherodactylus karlschmidti, E. jasperi and E. eneidae have not been seen or heard since 1976, 1981 and 1990, respectively, and are probably extinct. Since 2000, the potential causes of amphibian declines in Puerto Rico have been studied, and a synergistic interaction between climate change (increased dry periods) and disease (chytridiomycosis) have been proposed as an explanation for the patterns observed. Recovery efforts for Peltophryne lemur include a captive-breeding program, reintroductions island-wide educational outreach, protection and restoration of existing habitat, and the creation of new breeding ponds. Among reptiles, the first conservation efforts to protect Epicrates inornatus were limited to trying to halt collection and hunting. However, current strategies to preserve the boa include gathering basic biological information, habitat conservation, and educational outreach. Recent efforts for the conservation of Trachemys s. stejnegeri combine three research approaches to clarify the status of local populations: a mark-recapture-release study, field monitoring of reproductive activity (i. e., nocturnal patrolling to identify nesting activity), and field assessment of the potential impact of introduced species, particularly identification of predatory species and exotic turtles. Recovery initiatives for Cyclura stejnegeri include management of invasive mammals, a headstart program for hatchling iguanas, and the assessment of the etiology of a condition causing blindness in adult iguanas. A reforestation project aimed at recovering a local herpetofaunal assemblage after disturbances in a limestone valley in northern Puerto Rico is discussed. As population sizes of common colonizers such as Eleutherodactylus and Anolis increased, larger forest-interior and predatory species like Epicrates inornatus, Alsophis portoricensis and Anolis cuvieri followed. Finally, the Mona Island marine turtle monitoring program is discussed and compared to other similar programs in Puerto Rico. As these and other similar conservation efforts provide scientifically based management recommendations, we hope to succeed in conserving the diverse herpetofauna that characterizes Puerto Rico.","PeriodicalId":55499,"journal":{"name":"Applied Herpetology","volume":"4 1","pages":"327-345"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/157075407782424566","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64918910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1163/157075407782424593
R. Platenberg, G. Perry
The herpetofauna of the US Virgin Islands (USVI) has been described by several authors (MacLean, 1982; Schwartz and Henderson, 1991), but some islands are privately owned and seldom surveyed. Most of the smaller cays are uninhabited, the exceptions being Little St. James (LSJ) and Lovango, and most are inhospitable to amphibians because they are characterized by scrub and absence of permanent water bodies. Of the two, LSJ is the more developed, with regular shipments of plants and building materials supporting the ongoing modifications. Two visits to LSJ, one in 2005 and one in 2006, revealed the presence of several new species on the island and allowed us to document reports of others. The Cuban treefrog has been spreading in the Caribbean in recent decades. It is now common in the USVI (Platenberg and Boulon, 2006) and nearby British Virgin Islands (BVI; Perry and Gerber, 2006). Remarkably, the USVI Division of Fish and Wildlife previously made the following suggestion about the species (Anonymous, 1991): “Cuban tree frogs [were] introduced to the Virgin Islands in the 1970s as hitch-hikers in potted plants. The only cure for the noise is to capture the frogs and release them in some uninhabited area.” This doubtlessly has exacerbated the spread of this damaging invasive. The species has not previously been collected on LSJ.
美属维尔京群岛(USVI)的爬虫动物群已被几位作者描述过(MacLean, 1982;Schwartz和Henderson, 1991)，但有些岛屿为私人所有，很少被调查。除了小圣詹姆斯岛(LSJ)和洛万戈岛(Lovango)之外，大多数较小的岛屿都无人居住，而且大多数都不适合两栖动物居住，因为它们的特点是灌木丛生，没有永久的水体。在这两家公司中，LSJ更为发达，有定期装运的工厂和建筑材料支持正在进行的改造。在2005年和2006年对LSJ岛的两次访问中，我们发现岛上有几个新物种，并记录了其他物种的报告。近几十年来，古巴树蛙一直在加勒比地区蔓延。现在在美属维尔京群岛(Platenberg and Boulon, 2006)和附近的英属维尔京群岛(BVI;Perry和Gerber, 2006)。值得注意的是，美属维尔京群岛鱼类和野生动物部门此前曾对该物种提出以下建议(匿名者，1991年):“古巴树蛙在20世纪70年代被引入维尔京群岛，作为盆栽植物的搭便车者。唯一治疗噪音的方法就是捕捉青蛙，把它们放生到无人居住的地方。”这无疑加剧了这种破坏性入侵的蔓延。该物种以前未在LSJ上收集过。
{"title":"Recent additions to the herpetofauna of Little St. James, US Virgin Islands","authors":"R. Platenberg, G. Perry","doi":"10.1163/157075407782424593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/157075407782424593","url":null,"abstract":"The herpetofauna of the US Virgin Islands (USVI) has been described by several authors (MacLean, 1982; Schwartz and Henderson, 1991), but some islands are privately owned and seldom surveyed. Most of the smaller cays are uninhabited, the exceptions being Little St. James (LSJ) and Lovango, and most are inhospitable to amphibians because they are characterized by scrub and absence of permanent water bodies. Of the two, LSJ is the more developed, with regular shipments of plants and building materials supporting the ongoing modifications. Two visits to LSJ, one in 2005 and one in 2006, revealed the presence of several new species on the island and allowed us to document reports of others. The Cuban treefrog has been spreading in the Caribbean in recent decades. It is now common in the USVI (Platenberg and Boulon, 2006) and nearby British Virgin Islands (BVI; Perry and Gerber, 2006). Remarkably, the USVI Division of Fish and Wildlife previously made the following suggestion about the species (Anonymous, 1991): “Cuban tree frogs [were] introduced to the Virgin Islands in the 1970s as hitch-hikers in potted plants. The only cure for the noise is to capture the frogs and release them in some uninhabited area.” This doubtlessly has exacerbated the spread of this damaging invasive. The species has not previously been collected on LSJ.","PeriodicalId":55499,"journal":{"name":"Applied Herpetology","volume":"4 1","pages":"387-389"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/157075407782424593","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64919848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1163/157075407779766688
M. Mahony, A. Hamer, S. Lane
We investigated the habitat correlates of five amphibian species and species-richness in freshwater ponds at a wetland site in New South Wales, Australia. The objective was to produce a simple model useful to wildlife managers in the area wishing to construct new ponds for the purpose of amphibian conservation. 43 ponds were surveyed in which we found 2-8 species. We recorded 35 habitat variables, and reduced these to a simpler set of non-correlated surrogate variables in Principle Component Analyses. Five species-specific models were constructed using logistic regression. Emergent vegetation, plant species diversity, pond water pH, salinity and bank slope were found to be predictor variables. A multiple regression analysis was used to investigate correlates associated with species richness. The species richness model showed larger ponds with a high proportion of surface area covered by emergent vegetation held most species of amphibian. There were no conflicts with the results from the species-specific models and the species richness model.
{"title":"Habitat correlates of five amphibian species and of species-richness in a wetland system in New South Wales, Australia","authors":"M. Mahony, A. Hamer, S. Lane","doi":"10.1163/157075407779766688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/157075407779766688","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the habitat correlates of five amphibian species and species-richness in freshwater ponds at a wetland site in New South Wales, Australia. The objective was to produce a simple model useful to wildlife managers in the area wishing to construct new ponds for the purpose of amphibian conservation. 43 ponds were surveyed in which we found 2-8 species. We recorded 35 habitat variables, and reduced these to a simpler set of non-correlated surrogate variables in Principle Component Analyses. Five species-specific models were constructed using logistic regression. Emergent vegetation, plant species diversity, pond water pH, salinity and bank slope were found to be predictor variables. A multiple regression analysis was used to investigate correlates associated with species richness. The species richness model showed larger ponds with a high proportion of surface area covered by emergent vegetation held most species of amphibian. There were no conflicts with the results from the species-specific models and the species richness model.","PeriodicalId":55499,"journal":{"name":"Applied Herpetology","volume":"4 1","pages":"65-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/157075407779766688","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64917538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1163/157075407781268309
Geoffrey R. Smith
{"title":"Lack of effect of nitrate, nitrite, and phosphate on wood frog (Rana sylvatica) tadpoles","authors":"Geoffrey R. Smith","doi":"10.1163/157075407781268309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/157075407781268309","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55499,"journal":{"name":"Applied Herpetology","volume":"4 1","pages":"287-291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/157075407781268309","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64918255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1163/157075407780681365
A. Malhotra, R. Thorpe, E. Hypolite, A. James
We review the status of the herpetofauna of the Commonwealth of Dominica, which is often cited as having the most complete extant herpetofauna of all the Lesser Antillean islands, a region which has suffered much historical extinction. Recent years have seen a number of threats of grave concern to island and regional endemic species, the chief of these being the arrival of chytridiomycosis on this island with negative effects on the mountain chicken Leptodactylus fallax, and the establishment of a non-native Greater Antillean anole, Anolis cristatellus, which has succeeded in displacing the native endemic Anolis oculatus from a part of the island in less than a decade.
{"title":"A Report On The Status Of The Herpetofauna Of The Commonwealth Of Dominica, West Indies","authors":"A. Malhotra, R. Thorpe, E. Hypolite, A. James","doi":"10.1163/157075407780681365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/157075407780681365","url":null,"abstract":"We review the status of the herpetofauna of the Commonwealth of Dominica, which is often cited as having the most complete extant herpetofauna of all the Lesser Antillean islands, a region which has suffered much historical extinction. Recent years have seen a number of threats of grave concern to island and regional endemic species, the chief of these being the arrival of chytridiomycosis on this island with negative effects on the mountain chicken Leptodactylus fallax, and the establishment of a non-native Greater Antillean anole, Anolis cristatellus, which has succeeded in displacing the native endemic Anolis oculatus from a part of the island in less than a decade.","PeriodicalId":55499,"journal":{"name":"Applied Herpetology","volume":"4 1","pages":"177-194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/157075407780681365","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64918385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1163/157075407782424584
Alicia C. J. Roach, Michelle N. E. Cazabon, Lena Dempewolf, I. JahsonBerhaneAlemu, Ryan P. Mannette, Kerrie T. Naranjit, A. Hailey, Richard M. Lehtinen
No previous ecological study has addressed the Critically Endangered (IUCN Red List) Tobago endemic frog Mannophryne olmonae (Aromobatidae) since its initial description in 1983. The species was found in six rivers and 15 first-order streams in northeastern Tobago in 2006. Snout-vent lengths of 126 measured individuals ranged from 9.6-25.7 mm, and the sexes were distinguishable at a length of 18.5 mm. Maximum size was similar in males and females — unlike M. trinitatis from Trinidad, which shows greater sexual size dimorphism. Frogs were found close to streams in forested areas, with a mean distance of 2.0 m from the water's edge, but only calling males were found within the forest itself. Juveniles made up a much larger proportion of the sample than in M. trinitatis. Calling group size averaged 1.9 males, and large choruses were infrequent. Tadpoles were found in isolated pools close to streams, but not in the stream itself; separate size classes suggest multiple deposition by males. There potential listing of M. olmonae as an Environmentally Sensitive Species in the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago is discussed.
{"title":"Ecological observations on the Critically Endangered Tobago endemic frog Mannophryne olmonae","authors":"Alicia C. J. Roach, Michelle N. E. Cazabon, Lena Dempewolf, I. JahsonBerhaneAlemu, Ryan P. Mannette, Kerrie T. Naranjit, A. Hailey, Richard M. Lehtinen","doi":"10.1163/157075407782424584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/157075407782424584","url":null,"abstract":"No previous ecological study has addressed the Critically Endangered (IUCN Red List) Tobago endemic frog Mannophryne olmonae (Aromobatidae) since its initial description in 1983. The species was found in six rivers and 15 first-order streams in northeastern Tobago in 2006. Snout-vent lengths of 126 measured individuals ranged from 9.6-25.7 mm, and the sexes were distinguishable at a length of 18.5 mm. Maximum size was similar in males and females — unlike M. trinitatis from Trinidad, which shows greater sexual size dimorphism. Frogs were found close to streams in forested areas, with a mean distance of 2.0 m from the water's edge, but only calling males were found within the forest itself. Juveniles made up a much larger proportion of the sample than in M. trinitatis. Calling group size averaged 1.9 males, and large choruses were infrequent. Tadpoles were found in isolated pools close to streams, but not in the stream itself; separate size classes suggest multiple deposition by males. There potential listing of M. olmonae as an Environmentally Sensitive Species in the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago is discussed.","PeriodicalId":55499,"journal":{"name":"Applied Herpetology","volume":"4 1","pages":"377-386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/157075407782424584","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64919244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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