Applied Ergonomics最新文献

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Study on the relationship between muscle fatigue and motion sickness responses in different sitting postures under ship rocking conditions 研究船舶摇晃条件下不同坐姿的肌肉疲劳与晕船反应之间的关系

IF 3.1 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104422

Jin-Liang Wu , Chun-Hui Dong , Xin-Tong Du , Xiao-Yan Ma , Chun-Yue Zang , Wen-Xiu Yang

In a ship rocking environment, muscle activity in different sitting postures may impact passenger balance and stability, thereby aggravating or alleviating symptoms of motion sickness. This study aims to explore the relationship between motion sickness induced by ship rolling and muscle activity in various sitting postures, with the goal of informing the optimization of ship seat designs to enhance passenger comfort. The research focuses on the angle of backrest inclination and head-neck position as key variables. Participants were seated on a six-degree-of-freedom platform simulating ship movements and rated their discomfort levels in different sitting postures while electromyographic (EMG) signals were collected from the sternocleidomastoid (SCM), upper trapezius muscles, and erector spinae muscles. The analysis investigated the correlation between muscle activity and motion sickness across different postures. The results indicate that a 22.5° reclined backrest angle minimizes motion sickness discomfort, while no significant correlation was found between head and neck position and motion sickness in this study, but the interaction between head and neck position and backrest angle needs further study. Differences in muscle activity were identified between motion-susceptible and non-susceptible individuals, with the former exhibiting higher activity in the SCM and upper trapezius muscles, leading to greater fatigue. Additionally, only the SCM showed opposite activity between men and women, while the changes in the upper trapezius and erector spinae muscles were basically the same. This study provides insights for optimizing ship seat design, contributing to the alleviation of motion sickness symptoms and enhancing passenger comfort. The findings hold significance for ship seat design and open new possibilities for the application of industrial design in the field of maritime engineering.

在船舶摇晃的环境中，不同坐姿的肌肉活动可能会影响乘客的平衡和稳定性，从而加重或减轻晕船症状。本研究旨在探索船舶滚动引起的晕船与不同坐姿下肌肉活动之间的关系，目的是为优化船舶座椅设计提供信息，以提高乘客的舒适度。研究的重点是作为关键变量的靠背倾斜角度和头颈位置。参与者坐在模拟船舶运动的六自由度平台上，对不同坐姿下的不适程度进行评分，同时收集胸锁乳突肌（SCM）、斜方肌上部和竖脊肌的肌电图（EMG）信号。分析调查了不同姿势下肌肉活动与晕动病之间的相关性。结果表明，22.5°的靠背倾斜角度可将晕车不适感降至最低，本研究未发现头颈部位置与晕车之间存在显著相关性，但头颈部位置与靠背角度之间的相互作用还需进一步研究。研究发现，晕动病患者和非晕动病患者的肌肉活动存在差异，前者的单横纹肌和斜方肌上部活动量更大，导致疲劳程度更高。此外，男女之间只有腹股沟肌肉的活动相反，而斜方肌上部和竖脊肌的变化基本相同。这项研究为优化船舶座椅设计提供了启示，有助于减轻晕船症状和提高乘客舒适度。研究结果对船舶座椅设计具有重要意义，并为工业设计在海事工程领域的应用提供了新的可能性。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of different block designs on low back and shoulders biomechanical loads and postural stability during crab pot handling 不同的块状设计对搬运蟹笼时腰部和肩部生物力学负荷及姿势稳定性的影响。

IF 3.1 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104423

Kiana Kia , Allen Chan , Mina Salehi , Laurel Kincl , Jeong Ho Kim

In commercial Dungeness crab fishing vessels, the block pulls crab pots for harvesting and typically positions them to the side of vessels, rather than the sorting tables on board. Consequently, fishermen must reach outside the vessel to grab the pots, posing increased risk of musculoskeletal and fall-related injuries. To investigate the effects of block design on these risks, 25 participants in a repeated-measures laboratory study handled a pot under two block conditions: away-from-table (conventional setting) and above-table (intervention). Low back and shoulder muscle activities, angles, moments, perceived exertion, and postural stability were measured. The results showed reduced L5/S1 and shoulder moments and angles; decreased muscle activities in the low back, shoulders, and upper extremities; and lower perceived exertion ratings and postural sway measures with the intervention. These findings indicate that positioning the pot closer to fishermen onboard could reduce the injury and fall risk associated with crab pot handling.

在商业邓杰内斯蟹渔船上，区块拉动蟹笼进行捕捞，通常将蟹笼放置在船舷上，而不是船上的分拣台上。因此，渔民必须将手伸到船外才能抓住蟹笼，从而增加了肌肉骨骼和跌倒受伤的风险。为了研究分块设计对这些风险的影响，25 名参与者参加了一项重复测量实验室研究，他们在两种分块条件下处理了一个罐子：远离桌子（传统设置）和在桌子上方（干预）。研究人员测量了腰部和肩部肌肉活动、角度、力矩、感觉用力程度和姿势稳定性。结果显示，干预措施降低了 L5/S1 和肩部的力矩和角度；减少了腰部、肩部和上肢的肌肉活动；降低了体力感知评分和姿势摇摆测量。这些研究结果表明，将蟹笼放置在离船上渔民更近的位置，可以降低与蟹笼操作相关的受伤和跌倒风险。

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引用次数: 0

Digital technologies and resilient performance in socio-technical systems: A human factors and ergonomics perspective 社会技术系统中的数字技术和弹性性能：人类因素和人体工程学视角。

IF 3.1 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104420

Tarcisio Abreu Saurin , Riccardo Patriarca , Sudeep Hegde , Mike Rayo

引用次数: 0

Understanding older adults’ needs for and perceptions of shared autonomous vehicle interior features: A focus group and user enactment study 了解老年人对共享自动驾驶汽车内部功能的需求和看法：焦点小组和用户行为研究。

IF 3.1 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104408

Nade Liang , Ashima Krishna , Brandon J. Pitts , Stacey Connaughton , Ksenia Kozak , Konstantina Gkritza

Shared autonomous vehicles (SAVs) can help older adults maintain mobility and independence throughout the later stages of life. However, research is critically needed to assess the design of SAV interior features and quantify potential mobility challenges for older populations. This paper presents a study that adopted a mixed-methods approach to evaluate the needs and perceptions of adults aged 65 years and older regarding interior features of SAVs during user enactment, and offers data-driven insights on task performance to inform design decisions. Thirty participants interacted with an SAV mock-up and participated in subsequent focus group discussions regarding their interaction experiences and general perceptions of SAV. Quantitative video-based time-motion analysis and qualitative thematic analysis of the focus group discussion highlighted concerns related to a) ingress and egress accessibility; b) seat and cabin comfort; c) appropriate social interactions with co-riders; and d) SAV operational functionality. Staggered seating arrangements and multi-functional use of available space were preferred features. The analysis also identified potential improvements, such as the inclusion of additional handholds and efficient HVAC systems, and underscored the need for central monitoring for emergency interventions during SAV operations. Ultimately, findings from this research can provide valuable insights for researchers and engineers to design equitable transportation solutions tailored to a broad range of traveler abilities and needs.

共享自动驾驶汽车（SAV）可以帮助老年人在晚年生活中保持行动能力和独立性。然而，目前亟需开展研究，以评估共享自动驾驶汽车的内部功能设计，并量化老年人群可能面临的移动挑战。本文介绍了一项研究，该研究采用混合方法评估了 65 岁及以上成年人在用户体验过程中对 SAV 内部功能的需求和看法，并提供了有关任务执行情况的数据驱动见解，为设计决策提供参考。30 名参与者与模拟 SAV 进行了互动，并参加了随后的焦点小组讨论，了解他们的互动体验和对 SAV 的总体看法。基于视频的定量时间运动分析和焦点小组讨论的定性专题分析突出了以下方面的问题：a) 进出口的无障碍性；b) 座椅和车厢的舒适性；c) 与同乘者的适当社交互动；d) SAV 的操作功能。交错的座位安排和可用空间的多功能利用是首选功能。分析还确定了潜在的改进措施，如增加扶手和高效的暖通空调系统，并强调了在 SAV 运行期间进行紧急干预的中央监控的必要性。最终，这项研究的结果可以为研究人员和工程师提供有价值的见解，从而设计出适合各种能力和需求的公平交通解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing operator stress in collaborative robotics: A multimodal approach 评估协作机器人中操作员的压力：多模式方法

IF 3.1 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104418

Simone Borghi , Andrea Ruo , Lorenzo Sabattini , Margherita Peruzzini , Valeria Villani

In the era of Industry 4.0, the study of Human–Robot Collaboration (HRC) in advancing modern manufacturing and automation is paramount. An operator approaching a collaborative robot (cobot) may have feelings of distrust, and experience discomfort and stress, especially during the early stages of training. Human factors cannot be neglected: for efficient implementation, the complex psycho-physiological state and responses of the operator must be taken into consideration. In this study, volunteers were asked to carry out a set of cobot programming tasks, while several physiological signals, such as electroencephalogram (EEG), electrocardiogram (ECG), Galvanic skin response (GSR), and facial expressions were recorded. In addition, a subjective questionnaire (NASA-TLX) was administered at the end, to assess if the derived physiological parameters are related to the subjective perception of stress. Parameters exhibiting a higher degree of alignment with subjective perception are mean Theta (76.67%), Alpha (70.53%) and Beta (67.65%) power extracted from EEG, recovery time (72.86%) and rise time (71.43%) extracted from GSR and heart rate variability (HRV) metrics PNN25 (71.58%), SDNN (70.53%), PNN50 (68.95%) and RMSSD (66.84%). Parameters extracted from raw RR Intervals appear to be more variable and less accurate (42.11%) so as recorded emotions (51.43%).

在工业 4.0 时代，研究人机协作（HRC）对推进现代制造和自动化至关重要。操作员在接触协作机器人（cobot）时可能会产生不信任感，并体验到不适和压力，尤其是在培训的早期阶段。人为因素不容忽视：为了有效实施，必须考虑到操作员复杂的心理生理状态和反应。在这项研究中，志愿者被要求执行一组 cobot 编程任务，同时记录一些生理信号，如脑电图（EEG）、心电图（ECG）、皮肤伽伐尼反应（GSR）和面部表情。此外，最后还进行了主观问卷调查（NASA-TLX），以评估得出的生理参数是否与压力的主观感受相关。从脑电图中提取的平均 Theta（76.67%）、Alpha（70.53%）和 Beta（67.65%）功率，从 GSR 中提取的恢复时间（72.86%）和上升时间（71.43%），以及心率变异性（HRV）指标 PNN25（71.58%）、SDNN（70.53%）、PNN50（68.95%）和 RMSSD（66.84%），这些参数与主观感受的吻合程度较高。从原始 RR 间隔提取的参数似乎变化较大，准确度较低（42.11%），而记录的情绪参数准确度较高（51.43%）。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Gender, sex and desk-based postural behaviour: A systematic review re-interpreting biomechanical evidence from a social perspective” [Appl. Ergon. 114 (2023) 104073] 性别、性与桌面姿势行为：从社会角度重新诠释生物力学证据的系统综述》[Appl. Ergon. 114 (2023) 104073]。

IF 3.1 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104416

Anna Ruth Mason-Mackay

引用次数: 0

Takeover and non-driving related task performance in conditional automated driving: EEG and behavior Parameters interaction 有条件自动驾驶中的接管与非驾驶相关任务的表现：脑电图与行为参数的相互作用

IF 3.1 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104417

Yuan Gao, Pei-Luen Patrick Rau

In this study, a conditional automated driving scenario is simulated using virtual reality (VR) technology to explore whether office works presented through augmented reality (AR) affect task and takeover performance, and the neural mechanism was revealed. Sixty-four participants were recruited and their electroencephalography (EEG) was used to measure the brain activities. The results indicated that non-driving-related tasks (NDRTs) requiring higher internal attention focus resulted in poorer task and takeover performance. The alpha power decline magnitude in the parietotemporal (PT) was positively correlated with the takeover time; and the greater the alpha power decline in the right centroparietal (CP) hemisphere, the worse is the participants’ memory quality for NDRTs. The ventral attention network (VAN) and right parietal cortex, which are active during working memory, are more likely to explain these findings. The results can provide suggestions for the design of AR-ADS and help improve the safety in L3 driving automation systems.

本研究利用虚拟现实（VR）技术模拟有条件自动驾驶场景，探讨通过增强现实（AR）呈现的办公作品是否会影响任务和接管性能，并揭示其神经机制。研究共招募了 64 名参与者，并使用脑电图（EEG）测量他们的大脑活动。结果表明，与驾驶无关的任务（NDRTs）需要更高的内部注意力集中，这导致任务和接管表现较差。顶颞叶（PT）的α功率下降幅度与接管时间呈正相关；右顶叶半球（CP）的α功率下降幅度越大，参与者对NDRT的记忆质量越差。在工作记忆期间活跃的腹侧注意网络（VAN）和右顶叶皮层更有可能解释这些发现。研究结果可为AR-ADS的设计提供建议，并有助于提高L3自动驾驶系统的安全性。

引用次数: 0

Effect of a back-support exoskeleton on internal forces and lumbar spine stability during low load lifting task 背部支撑外骨骼对低负荷举重任务中内力和腰椎稳定性的影响

IF 3.1 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104407

Amir Hossein Eskandari , Farshid Ghezelbash , Aboulfazl Shirazi-Adl , Navid Arjmand , Christian Larivière

This study assessed the effect of a small-torque generating passive back-support exoskeleton during a low demanding occupational task, namely a repetitive lifting/lowering of an empty crate between the knee and shoulder heights. A comprehensive set of outcomes was considered, ranging from the measured trunk muscle activation and trunk movement to the estimated muscle group forces/coordination, spine loading and spine stability, using a dynamic subject-specific EMG-assisted musculoskeletal model. The exoskeleton decreased back muscle activation and corresponding muscle forces in the lowering phase and reduced spinal loading at larger trunk flexion angles (decreased peak compression and shear forces by ∼ 15%). However, the effect sizes were small (

η_{G}^{2}

< .06), questioning the usefulness of this type of exoskeleton, even for light tasks. On the other hand, the unique results of the present study showed that coordination between the main muscle groups as well as spinal stability remained unchanged with low effect sizes, suggesting that the use of this exoskeleton is safe.

本研究评估了小扭矩被动背部支撑外骨骼在低要求职业任务中的效果，即在膝盖和肩膀高度之间重复抬起/放下空箱子。研究考虑了一整套结果，从测量的躯干肌肉激活和躯干运动到估算的肌肉群力量/协调、脊柱负荷和脊柱稳定性，使用的是一个动态的特定受试者肌电图辅助肌肉骨骼模型。外骨骼减少了下放阶段背部肌肉的激活和相应的肌肉力量，并减少了较大躯干屈曲角度下的脊柱负荷（压缩力和剪切力峰值减少了 15%）。然而，效应大小很小（ηG2

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引用次数: 0

No one left behind: A universal design analysis of ship evacuation 一个都不能少船舶疏散通用设计分析

IF 3.1 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104406

Staffan Bram , Julia Burgén , Anne S. Dederichs , Per-Olof Hedvall

An accident on a passenger ferry may lead to evacuation using lifeboats or liferafts, a process that can be both complex and hazardous. This paper investigates the level of safety for passengers during evacuation based on field study and interview data. In the analysis, the eight goals of Universal Design (UD) were tailored and used to explore what ship and interior characteristics influence evacuation performance and the demands placed on the crew and passengers, and whether all passengers have equal chances of completing evacuation safely.

Results suggest that while a ship may fulfil regulation, completing an evacuation may pose challenges for passengers with varying abilities, for example, when attempting to perceive emergency information or move through the ship. In addition, it was found that an evacuation may present the crew with challenges and difficult trade-offs that are not always accounted for in the ship's design, equipment and safety organization. It is concluded that the use of a UD approach in ship design, based on a truthful representation of passenger demographics, could enhance passenger safety and provide for evacuation on equal terms.

客轮上的事故可能导致使用救生艇或救生筏进行疏散，这一过程可能既复杂又危险。本文基于实地研究和访谈数据，对乘客在疏散过程中的安全水平进行了调查。结果表明，虽然船舶可能符合规定，但完成疏散可能会给不同能力的乘客带来挑战，例如，在试图感知紧急信息或在船上移动时。此外，研究还发现，疏散可能会给船员带来挑战和困难，而这些挑战和困难并不总是在船舶设计、设备和安全组织中得到考虑。研究得出结论，在船舶设计中使用基于乘客人口统计数据的 UD 方法，可以提高乘客的安全性，并提供平等的疏散条件。

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引用次数: 0

Combining visual cues with relaxing music, perfume and ventilation to reduce passenger car sickness: An experimental study 将视觉提示与放松音乐、香水和通风相结合，减少乘客晕车：实验研究

IF 3.1 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104387

William Emond , Uwe Scholly , Mohsen Zare

The autonomous, digital, and electric transformation of passenger vehicles is projected to elevate the incidence of motion sickness among occupants. This study investigates the effectiveness of an “anti-motion sickness” system that features dynamic light stimuli to support visual perception of longitudinal motion, combined with relaxing music, perfume and ventilation pulses to enhance user wellbeing. In an experimental design aimed at replicating a realistic passenger drive, fifty-three subjects were tested as front passengers engaged in a gaming activity. Subjective motion sickness ratings were collected throughout the drive, and the development of symptoms was monitored through in-ear physiological measurements, including RR-intervals, core temperature, and oxygen saturation. Post hoc analyses indicated non-significant improvement in subjective assessments of motion sickness. Similarly, physiological measurements did not demonstrate any significant difference across conditions. The tested system was however more effective in mitigating car sickness for low susceptible than for mid-to-high susceptible individuals.

乘用车的自主化、数字化和电动化预计将提高乘员的晕车率。本研究调查了 "防晕车 "系统的有效性，该系统采用动态光刺激来支持纵向运动的视觉感知，并结合轻松的音乐、香水和通风脉冲来提高用户的舒适度。实验设计旨在模拟真实的乘客驾驶过程，53 名受试者作为前排乘客参与了游戏活动。在整个驾驶过程中收集主观晕动病评级，并通过耳内生理测量（包括心率间隔、核心温度和血氧饱和度）监测症状的发展。事后分析表明，晕动病的主观评估没有明显改善。同样，生理测量结果也没有显示出不同条件下的显著差异。不过，与中高易晕车人群相比，测试系统对低易晕车人群更有效。

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引用次数: 0

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