Applied Ergonomics最新文献_第7页

Striving for a balance between safety performance and driver acceptance in auditory takeover requests 在听觉接管请求中努力在安全性能和驾驶员接受度之间取得平衡。

IF 3.4 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104668

Jinlei Shi , Yu Lei , Wei Zhang , Min Yin , Hao Fan , Chunlei Chai

Designing an effective auditory takeover request (TOR) is critical for ensuring driving safety in conditionally automated vehicles. Our previous study revealed that earcon warnings as TORs are the most suitable for improving takeover safety performance among various types of auditory TORs, while drivers prefer speech TORs the most. This indicates that using either earcon or speech as TORs alone could not simultaneously ensure both takeover safety and driver acceptance. Since both aspects are important for the successful implementation of takeover warning systems, the present study further explored whether combining earcon and speech warnings as TORs could achieve a balance between the two aspects. We recruited 30 participants and conducted a simulated driving experiment to compare three TOR types (earcon, speech, and earcon + speech) in terms of takeover performance and driver acceptance (usefulness and satisfaction). The potential impact of takeover situation urgency was also considered. The results showed that regardless of the takeover situation urgency, the combined TOR was as effective as the earcon TOR in ensuring takeover safety. Additionally, the combined TOR received higher usefulness ratings than the speech TOR, especially in urgent situations, although it was associated with lower satisfaction ratings. Moreover, the combined TOR had no significant difference from the speech TOR in preference ranking. Overall, the combined TOR (earcon + speech) shows potential for improving the balance between takeover safety and driver acceptance in automated vehicles. The findings of this study have practical implications for researchers and designers when developing auditory takeover warning systems.

设计一种有效的听觉接管请求（TOR）对于保证条件自动驾驶车辆的驾驶安全至关重要。我们之前的研究表明，在各种类型的听觉警告器中，警报器作为警告器最适合提高接管安全性能，而驾驶员最喜欢语音警告器。这表明单独使用earcon或speech作为tor不能同时确保接管安全和驾驶员接受。由于这两个方面对于接管预警系统的成功实施都很重要，因此本研究进一步探讨了将earcon和speech warning结合作为tor是否可以实现这两个方面的平衡。我们招募了30名参与者，进行了模拟驾驶实验，比较了三种TOR类型（earcon, speech, earcon + speech）在接管绩效和驾驶员接受度（有用性和满意度）方面的差异。还考虑了收购形势紧迫性的潜在影响。结果表明，无论接管情况是否紧急，联合TOR在确保接管安全方面与耳塞TOR一样有效。此外，综合TOR获得了比语音TOR更高的有用性评级，特别是在紧急情况下，尽管它与较低的满意度评级相关。此外，组合TOR与语音TOR在偏好排序上无显著差异。总的来说，组合的TOR （earcon + speech）显示出在自动驾驶汽车中改善接管安全性和驾驶员接受度之间的平衡的潜力。本研究结果对研究人员和设计人员在开发听觉接管预警系统时具有实际意义。

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引用次数: 0

Do fixed or personalised sit-stand desk ratios improve lower back pain? A randomised trial 固定或个性化的坐立比能改善腰痛吗？随机试验。

IF 3.4 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104670

Charlotte L. Brakenridge , Venerina Johnston , Nicole E. Andrews , Sjaan R. Gomersall , Trevor Russell , Michelle D. Smith

Alternating posture between sitting and standing with sit-stand desks may improve lower back pain (LBP). This study explored the effectiveness, acceptability and adherence of two sit-stand desk recommendations on LBP (measured via App) and secondary health and work outcomes. Fifty-six desk-based workers with LBP (age = 37.7 [SD = 10.0] years, 75 % women) were randomised to either a fixed ratio (30 min sitting:15 min standing); or a personalised ratio (self-selected or pre-emptive to discomfort). After 3 months, fixed ratio participants experienced reduced worst (−1.33 points/10) and average LBP (−0.83 points/10); personalised ratio participants experienced reduced worst LBP only (−0.69 points/10). Fixed ratio participants improved in their job-related stress, concentration and presenteeism; whereas, personalised ratio participants reduced their sitting time. Both recommendations were acceptable, while adherence was higher in the fixed ratio group. In conclusion, a 30:15 sit-stand ratio was acceptable and effective at improving LBP in the short term compared to a personalised ratio.

使用坐立两用办公桌时，站坐交替的姿势可以改善腰痛（LBP）。本研究探讨了两种坐立两用办公桌建议在LBP（通过App测量）和二级健康和工作结果方面的有效性、可接受性和依从性。56名患有腰痛的办公室工作人员（年龄= 37.7 [SD = 10.0]岁，75%为女性）被随机分为固定比例（30分钟坐着：15分钟站立）；或者一个个性化的比例（自我选择或先发制人的不适）。3个月后，固定比例参与者的最差（-1.33分/10）和平均LBP（-0.83分/10）减少；个性化比例的参与者只经历了最糟糕的LBP（-0.69分/10）。固定比例被试的工作压力、注意力和出勤率均有改善；然而，个性化比例的参与者减少了他们坐着的时间。两种建议均可接受，而固定比例组的依从性更高。综上所述，与个性化比例相比，30:15的坐立比例在短期内可接受且有效地改善下腰痛。

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引用次数: 0

3D head growth and aging trajectories in Chinese and Caucasian for headwear customization: From modeling to comparison 中国和高加索人头饰定制的三维头部生长和衰老轨迹：从建模到比较。

IF 3.4 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104658

Jie Zhang , Hang Ren , Yan Luximon , Xin Wang

Understanding population-specific head growth and aging patterns is critical for ergonomic design, yet existing models lack comprehensive comparisons between major ethnic groups. This study addresses this gap by presenting the first comprehensive comparison of 3D head growth and aging trajectories between Chinese and Caucasian populations across a wide age range (5-70 years). Using principal component analysis and weighted partial least squares regression on a large dataset (including 2,553 Chinese and 1,993 Caucasian), we develop an efficient pipeline for modeling population-specific head development. Our analysis reveals significant morphological differences: Chinese individuals exhibit characteristically brachycephalic cranial forms (wider but shorter heads) with flatter nasal bridges and less prominent chins compared to Caucasian dolichocephalic morphology. The growth and aging trajectories demonstrate rapid cranial development until around 18 years followed by stabilization in adulthood, with population-specific patterns persisting across all age groups. Key contributions include: (1) the first cross-population growth model spanning childhood to late adulthood, (2) an optimized computational framework reducing processing time while maintaining high accuracy, and (3) quantitative anthropometric benchmarks for designing population-specific headwear/facewear/eyewear. These findings bridge critical gaps in anthropometric research and provide actionable insights for ergonomic product design, particularly for helmets, AR/VR headsets, and respiratory protection equipment. The dataset and methodology establish a foundation for future studies in craniofacial development and population-sensitive design.

了解人口特定的头部生长和衰老模式对人体工程学设计至关重要，但现有的模型缺乏主要种族之间的全面比较。本研究通过首次全面比较中国和高加索人群在大年龄段（5-70岁）的头部生长和衰老轨迹，解决了这一差距。利用主成分分析和加权偏最小二乘回归对大型数据集（包括2,553名中国人和1,993名高加索人），我们开发了一个有效的管道来建模特定人群的头部发育。我们的分析揭示了显著的形态学差异：与高加索人的头侧畸形形态相比，中国人表现出典型的头侧畸形（头部较宽但较短），鼻梁较平，下巴较不突出。生长和衰老轨迹表明，直到18岁左右，颅骨发育迅速，随后在成年期趋于稳定，所有年龄组都存在特定人群的模式。主要贡献包括：(1)第一个跨越儿童期到成年后期的跨人口增长模型；(2)优化的计算框架在保持高精度的同时减少了处理时间；(3)设计特定人群头饰/面罩/眼镜的定量人体测量基准。这些发现弥补了人体测量学研究的关键空白，并为人体工程学产品设计提供了可操作的见解，特别是头盔，AR/VR耳机和呼吸防护设备。数据集和方法为颅面发育和人口敏感设计的未来研究奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

The spread of trust and distrust in human-AI teams 人类和人工智能团队中信任和不信任的蔓延。

IF 3.4 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104648

Shiwen Zhou , Wen Duan , Xiaoyun Yin , Matthew Scalia , Ray Hao , Nan Weng , Gregory Funke , Michael Tolston , Guo Freeman , Beau Schelble , Jamie Gorman , Nathan McNeese

引用次数: 0

Anisotropy in motion sickness susceptibility during longitudinal and lateral motion while seated on a car seat 在纵向和横向运动时晕车易感性的各向异性，而坐在汽车座椅上。

IF 3.4 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104664

Eito Sato , Kazuki Kajita , Kensuke Ito , Takahiro Wada

Motion sickness is critical in automated vehicle design, particularly as horizontal accelerations become more variable and pronounced. However, even within horizontal translation, whether sickness sensitivity differs between longitudinal and lateral directions remains unclear. To investigate this, we conducted a within-subjects experiment with 21 participants exposed to repeated sinusoidal accelerations while seated in a car seat without visual cues, restrained by seat belt and neck brace. Each participant experienced one combination of two acceleration levels and multiple frequencies (0.15, 0.20, 0.25, or 0.40 Hz for 3.0 m/s²; 0.15, 0.25, or 0.40 for 0.65 m/s²). Symptoms were assessed using the Motion Illness Symptoms Classification at 1-min intervals. Results revealed significantly greater symptom progression in longitudinal motion (adjusted-mean: 3.0, max: 4.75) than lateral motion (adjusted-mean: 1.67, max: 2.65), despite smaller head angular velocities. These findings provide empirical evidence for direction-specific sickness sensitivity and underscore the need to consider motion direction in vehicle design.

晕动病在自动驾驶汽车设计中至关重要，尤其是在水平加速变得更加多变和明显的情况下。然而，即使在水平平移中，疾病敏感性在纵向和横向方向之间是否存在差异仍不清楚。为了研究这一点，我们对21名参与者进行了一项实验，他们坐在没有视觉提示的汽车座椅上，戴着安全带和颈托，反复经历正弦加速度。每个参与者都经历了两种加速水平和多个频率的组合（3.0 m/s2时0.15、0.20、0.25或0.40 Hz； 0.65 m/s2时0.15、0.25或0.40 Hz）。使用运动疾病症状分类每隔1分钟评估一次症状。结果显示纵向运动（调整平均值：3.0，最大值：4.75）的症状进展明显大于横向运动（调整平均值：1.67，最大值：2.65），尽管头部角速度较小。这些发现为方向特异性疾病敏感性提供了经验证据，并强调了在车辆设计中考虑运动方向的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

On the effect of using an augmented reality laser projection operator guidance system on cognitive workload and assembly task performance 使用增强现实激光投影操作员制导系统对认知负荷和装配任务性能的影响。

IF 3.4 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104662

Praneet Sahoo , Francesco N. Biondi

Augmented Reality offers clear benefits in the workplace: overlaying digital information directly over the real-world has the potential to make tasks easier and increase performance. While augmented reality has found wider adoption in fields like aviation and transportation, its benefits in manufacturing remain all but unexplored. To fill this gap, this study compares the use of an augmented reality laser projection system during a virtual reality-based manufacturing assembly task against more traditional means of operator guidance: video and pictorial. Twenty-five participants completed a block layout assembly task in two cognitive task demand conditions: easy and hard. Cognitive workload was measured via ocular and self-reported metrics; performance in the assembly task was also measured. Relative to video and pictorial guidance, laser projection was associated with the lower cognitive workload and quicker task times in the easy cognitive task demand condition. However, no differences between the three operator guidance systems were found in the hard condition. Findings show the potential for laser projection operator guidance to improve assembly performance and reduce operator's workload in the absence of a secondary task. Future work should further investigate the use of laser projection systems in the real-world.

增强现实在工作场所提供了明显的好处：将数字信息直接覆盖在现实世界上，有可能使任务更容易并提高性能。虽然增强现实已经在航空和交通等领域得到了更广泛的应用，但它在制造业中的好处仍未得到探索。为了填补这一空白，本研究将在基于虚拟现实的制造装配任务中使用增强现实激光投影系统与更传统的操作员指导方式（视频和图像）进行了比较。25名被试在简单和困难两种认知任务需求条件下完成一项积木布局组装任务。认知负荷通过眼量表和自我报告量表进行测量；装配任务的性能也被测量。在简单的认知任务需求条件下，激光投射与视频和图像引导相比，具有较低的认知工作量和较快的任务时间。然而，在硬条件下，三种操作员制导系统之间没有发现差异。研究结果表明，在没有辅助任务的情况下，激光投影操作员指导可以提高装配性能，减少操作员的工作量。未来的工作应该进一步研究激光投影系统在现实世界中的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating back-support exoskeletons in simulated construction-relevant tasks: Effects on task completion time and aspects of usability 在模拟建筑相关任务中评估背部支撑外骨骼：对任务完成时间和可用性方面的影响

IF 3.4 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104661

Aanuoluwapo Ojelade , Sunwook Kim , Wallace Morris , Alan Barr , Carisa Harris-Adamson , Maury A. Nussbaum

Back-support exoskeletons (BSEs) are a promising intervention in reducing physical demands during diverse occupational tasks. However, limited information is available about the effectiveness of different BSE designs during construction work and if those effects are consistent between novices and experienced workers. We evaluated the benefits and potential unintended consequences of BSEs during construction work, considering worker experience levels. Forty participants (20 novices and 20 experienced, balanced in both groups by sex) completed lab-based simulations of several construction-relevant tasks. These tasks were performed under a control condition (no BSE) and with three BSEs, each of which was tested in two support settings (on and off). Task performance was measured using completion time, and perceptions of diverse aspects of usability were obtained. Generally, BSE use increased task completion time, perceived discomfort, and perceived interference of BSEs during simulated tasks, while its effects on perceived physical effort were mixed. Rigid BSEs particularly increased perceived movement restrictions, while a soft BSE (or exosuit) did not. In a few cases, the effects of BSEs on completion time and BSE usability differed between novice and experienced groups. While some differences were observed between experience levels, future work could focus on novice populations with caution regarding specific outcomes. Overall, our results suggested that the effects of BSEs on completion time and perceptions of usability were distinct and task-specific, with no single BSE design emerging as being clearly superior across the simulated tasks.

背支撑外骨骼（BSEs）是一种有前途的干预措施，在减少体力需求在不同的职业任务。然而，关于不同疯牛病设计在建筑工作中的有效性以及这些影响在新手和有经验的工人之间是否一致的信息有限。考虑到工人的经验水平，我们评估了施工过程中bse的好处和潜在的意外后果。40名参与者（20名新手和20名有经验的人，两组按性别平衡）完成了几个与建筑相关的实验室模拟任务。这些任务是在控制条件（无BSE）和三种BSE下执行的，每种BSE都在两种支持设置（打开和关闭）中进行测试。使用完成时间测量任务绩效，并获得可用性的各个方面的感知。一般来说，在模拟任务中，使用疯牛病会增加任务完成时间、感知到的不适和感知到的干扰，而对感知到的体力劳动的影响则是混合的。刚性BSE尤其增加了感知到的运动限制，而软性BSE（或外套）则没有。在少数情况下，BSE对完成时间和BSE可用性的影响在新手和有经验的组之间有所不同。虽然在经验水平之间观察到一些差异，但未来的工作可能会关注新手群体，并对具体结果持谨慎态度。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，BSE对完成时间和可用性感知的影响是明显的，并且是特定于任务的，没有一个单一的BSE设计在模拟任务中表现出明显的优势。

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引用次数: 0

Applying Human Factors/Ergonomics to support change in healthcare - An innovative co-designed approach to conducting antibiotic allergy de-labelling in the intensive care unit 应用人为因素/人体工程学来支持医疗保健的变化——在重症监护病房进行抗生素过敏去标签的创新合作设计方法

IF 3.4 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104653

Rachel Egan , Marie E. Ward , Amanda Sherwin , Emily Naylor , Fiona Carroll , Salma Alamin , Mary Kelly , Deirdre Doyle , Barbara Cusack , Fionnuala Cox , Una Geary , Ignacio Martin-Loeches , Sean Keane , Niall Conlon

Implementing change in complex healthcare systems is inherently difficult, with most change initiatives failing. Human Factors/Ergonomics can support change processes through better understanding of the current system and designing and implementing new improved ways of working. One in four patients have a documented antibiotic allergy. Inaccurate and unverified antibiotic allergy labels have a negative impact on patient outcomes. The authors have been involved in the successful introduction of a new approach to allergy de-labelling in the intensive care unit. The primary objective of this study was to outline how this change was supported by applying Human Factors/Ergonomics to the change process. The Cube socio-technical systems analysis was used to understand and support this complex change across four domains of culture, system functioning, action and sensemaking and across a change cycle of understanding the current ‘as is’ problem; co-designing the ‘to be’ solution; planning and preparing to change; implementing and embedding the change. Over the course of the study 85 patients with either a reported non-immune or low risk antibiotic allergy were successfully de-labelled. This study exemplifies Human Factors/Ergonomics in action and has shown that taking a structured approach to change, that aims to understand and alter different system components, can achieve results.

在复杂的医疗保健系统中实施变革本身就很困难，大多数变革举措都以失败告终。人为因素/人体工程学可以通过更好地理解当前系统，设计和实施新的改进的工作方式来支持变革过程。四分之一的患者有抗生素过敏记录。不准确和未经证实的抗生素过敏标签对患者的预后有负面影响。作者已经参与了在重症监护病房成功引入过敏去标签的新方法。本研究的主要目的是概述如何通过将人为因素/人体工程学应用于变化过程来支持这种变化。使用Cube社会技术系统分析来理解和支持跨文化、系统功能、行动和意义四个领域的复杂变化，并跨越理解当前“现状”问题的变化周期；共同设计“未来”解决方案；计划和准备改变；实现和嵌入变更。在研究过程中，85名报告有非免疫性或低风险抗生素过敏的患者成功地去除了标签。这项研究举例说明了人为因素/人体工程学在行动中，并表明采取结构化的方法来改变，旨在理解和改变不同的系统组件，可以达到效果。

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引用次数: 0

Sex differences in young adults on comfort and foot skin temperature using different running shoes lacing 不同跑鞋系带对年轻人舒适度和足部皮肤温度的性别差异

IF 3.4 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104660

Jose Luis Sánchez-Jiménez , Esther Sánchez-Ribes , Jose Ignacio Priego-Quesada , Alberto Encarnación-Martínez , Roberto Sanchís-Sanchís , Pedro Pérez-Soriano

This study examined the impact of sex and lacing pattern on foot skin temperature (Tsk) and comfort during running. Twenty-four recreational runners participated in two treadmill trials involving cross-lacing and heel-lock lacing. Tsk and comfort were measured before and after 20 min of running at 10 km/h. Results revealed higher post-exercise Tsk with cross-lacing compared to heel-lock lacing (p = 0.003). Females had lower pre-exercise Tsk but higher post-exercise Tsk than males (p < 0.001). Heel-lock lacing was perceived as more comfortable (p < 0.05), and females reported higher heart rates and perceived exertion (p < 0.001). The mechanical work of running is crucial for the impact of lacing patterns on Tsk. Increased Tsk with cross-lacing negatively influences comfort, suggesting that lacing patterns can affect foot thermoregulation and subjective experience during running.

这项研究考察了性别和鞋带样式对跑步时足部皮肤温度（Tsk）和舒适度的影响。24名业余跑步者参加了两项跑步机试验，包括交叉系带和跟锁系带。在以10公里/小时的速度跑步20分钟前后测量Tsk和舒适度。结果显示，与跟锁系带相比，交叉系带的运动后Tsk更高（p = 0.003）。女性运动前的任务比男性低，但运动后的任务比男性高（p < 0.001）。锁跟系带被认为更舒适（p < 0.05），女性报告更高的心率和感觉劳累（p < 0.001）。跑步的机械工作对绑带模式对Tsk的影响至关重要。增加Tsk与交叉系带会对舒适性产生负面影响，这表明系带模式会影响跑步时的足部体温调节和主观体验。

引用次数: 0

Evaluating mental workload: A taxonomic approach to evaluation tools based on ISO 10075 评估心理工作量：基于ISO 10075的评估工具的分类学方法。

IF 3.4 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104659

Mirco Bartolomei , Riccardo Gervasi , Carlotta Acconito , Laura Angioletti , Davide Cannizzaro , Michela Balconi , Luca Mastrogiacomo , Fiorenzo Franceschini

Recent technological transitions present in the manufacturing sector are transforming the way operators work, greatly impacting their mental workload and presenting new challenges for the cognitive ergonomics field. In an effort to design and implement human-centered management strategies, it is increasingly necessary to effectively explore and evaluate the various aspects related to mental workload. Despite the maturity of the field, in the existing literature a consensus on defining mental workload remains elusive. To bridge this gap, this paper introduces a comprehensive and holistic definition, drawing inspiration from the ISO 10075 standard. This novel taxonomic framework distinguishes various constructs related to mental workload, clarifying their causes and the consequences they induce. Additionally, an extensive literature analysis was conducted to develop a taxonomy of mental workload assessment tools, outlining their operational principles along with their strengths and weaknesses. This taxonomy can be used as a pragmatic guide for selecting appropriate tools based on specific contexts. Moreover, the existing literature was extensively investigated to ascertain the nature of the correlation—whether positive or negative—between the metrics of these tools and the range of the effects of mental workload fluctuations. This methodological approach addresses the common issue of misinterpreting results from mental workload measurements.

In essence, the research seeks to enrich the understanding of mental workload concepts and offers a critical evaluation of its measurement tools. The findings are intended to assist practitioners in the informed selection of measurement tools and to refine data interpretation, thereby facilitating better management of mental workload in manufacturing environments.

最近制造业的技术转型正在改变操作员的工作方式，极大地影响了他们的精神工作量，并为认知人体工程学领域提出了新的挑战。为了设计和实施以人为本的管理战略，越来越有必要对与脑力工作量相关的各个方面进行有效的探索和评估。尽管该领域已经成熟，但在现有文献中，对精神工作量的定义仍然难以达成共识。为了弥补这一差距，本文从ISO 10075标准中汲取灵感，引入了一个全面而整体的定义。这个新的分类框架区分了与心理负荷相关的各种构念，阐明了它们的原因和它们所引起的后果。此外，还进行了广泛的文献分析，以开发心理工作量评估工具的分类，概述了它们的操作原则以及它们的优缺点。这个分类法可以作为基于特定上下文选择适当工具的实用指南。此外，对现有文献进行了广泛调查，以确定这些工具的度量与心理工作量波动的影响范围之间的相关性（无论是正相关性还是负相关性）的性质。这种方法解决了误解心理工作量测量结果的常见问题。从本质上讲，本研究旨在丰富对心理工作量概念的理解，并对其测量工具进行批判性评估。研究结果旨在帮助从业人员明智地选择测量工具并改进数据解释，从而促进更好地管理制造环境中的心理工作量。

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引用次数: 0