Applied Ergonomics最新文献_第2页

Including the ergonomist's voice in integrating MSD prevention and psychological health and safety: Challenges, tools, and considerations 将人体工程学专家的意见纳入 MSD 预防和心理健康与安全：挑战、工具和注意事项。

IF 3.1 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104405

H. O'Reilly , D. Van Eerd

The purpose of this study was to gather ergonomists’ perspectives and experiences, describing current challenges and contextual considerations in risk assessment, exploring how ergonomists are currently integrating the multiple domains of ergonomics for MSD and/or psychological health and safety and highlighting key considerations in the design and format of future tools.

In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with twenty Canadian ergonomists to explore risk assessment tool use, favoured characteristics and format of tools, commonly addressed risk factors in their practice, and tools relating to both MSD prevention and psychological health and safety. The range of practitioner years of experience highlighted differing needs and approaches to the use and formatting of risk assessment tools. Practitioners reported using quantitative outcomes (levels of risk, values) from traditional physical tools complemented by a general observation of psychosocial or organizational factors. Though many respondents had not yet encountered the need for psychological injury assessment in their sectors it was identified as a quickly emerging area citing a need for valid and reliable tools. Practitioners noted a lack of available tools that integrated cognitive and psychosocial items presenting a future challenge for integrated tools that covered multiple ergonomic domains. Along with recommendations for future tool development, the authors reflect on the process of qualitative inquiry as an essential step in the risk assessment process. Future studies will be needed to develop and evaluate measurement properties of integrating psychosocial factors and their respective tools in traditional MSD assessment.

这项研究的目的是收集人体工程学专家的观点和经验，描述风险评估当前面临的挑战和背景因素，探索人体工程学专家目前如何将人体工程学的多个领域整合到MSD和/或心理健康与安全中，并强调未来工具设计和格式中的主要考虑因素。我们对二十位加拿大人体工程学专家进行了深入的半结构式访谈，以探讨风险评估工具的使用、工具的首选特征和格式、实践中常见的风险因素，以及与MSD预防和心理健康与安全相关的工具。从业人员多年的工作经验突出表明，他们对风险评估工具的使用和格式有不同的需求和方法。从业人员报告说，他们使用传统物理工具的量化结果（风险程度、价值），并辅以对社会心理或组织因素的一般观察。尽管许多受访者尚未在其所在部门遇到心理伤害评估的需求，但这被认为是一个迅速崛起的领域，需要有效和可靠的工具。从业人员指出，目前缺乏将认知和社会心理项目结合在一起的工具，这对涵盖多个人体工程学领域的综合工具提出了挑战。在对未来工具开发提出建议的同时，作者还对定性调查过程进行了反思，认为这是风险评估过程中必不可少的一步。未来的研究将需要开发和评估在传统 MSD 评估中整合社会心理因素及其相应工具的测量特性。

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引用次数: 0

Vertical-dominant and multi-axial vibration associated with heavy vehicle operation: Effects on dynamic postural control 与重型车辆运行相关的垂直和多轴振动：对动态姿势控制的影响

IF 3.1 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104402

Kiana Kia , Jangho Park , Allen Chan , Divya Srinivasan , Jeong Ho Kim

Heavy vehicle operators suffer from increased fall risk, potentially due to exposure to whole-body vibration (WBV) that compromises postural control. This study aimed to characterize the relative impacts of multi-axial WBV vs. vertical-dominant WBV on dynamic postural control during sit-to-stand transition and stair descent, following prolonged vibration exposures. We also compared the effectiveness of a standard (single-axial passive suspension) seat with a multi-axial active suspension seat intervention. Vertical-dominant WBV adversely affected dynamic postural control. However, multi-axial WBV had no added adverse effects on postural control compared to vertical-dominant WBV. The multi-axial active suspension system did not outperform the standard seat in mitigating vibration effects on postural control during exposures but led to faster recovery during breaks between exposures. Overall, our results confirmed the negative effects of WBV on dynamic postural control but did not detect any additional negative effects associated with multi-axial WBV when compared to vertical-dominant WBV.

重型车辆操作人员的跌倒风险增加，这可能是由于暴露于全身振动（WBV）影响了姿势控制。本研究旨在描述多轴 WBV 与垂直主导型 WBV 在长时间暴露于振动后从坐到站的过渡和下楼梯过程中对动态姿势控制的相对影响。我们还比较了标准（单轴被动悬挂）座椅与多轴主动悬挂座椅干预的效果。垂直主导型 WBV 对动态姿势控制产生了不利影响。然而，与垂直主导型 WBV 相比，多轴 WBV 对姿势控制没有额外的不利影响。多轴主动悬挂系统在减轻暴露期间振动对姿势控制的影响方面并不优于标准座椅，但在暴露间歇期恢复得更快。总之，我们的研究结果证实了WBV对动态姿势控制的负面影响，但与垂直主导型WBV相比，多轴WBV没有检测到任何额外的负面影响。

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引用次数: 0

Different forms of fablab organization and their impact on collaboration and innovation 不同形式的实验室组织及其对合作与创新的影响。

IF 3.1 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104399

S. Caroly , F. Barcellini , M. Barros , A. Catel , Hung M. Nguyen , P. Zwolinski

The aim of this paper is to identify some of the characteristics of innovation and collective work in different fablab organizations. We first define fablabs through a review of literature, situating related questions in the field of ergonomics and focusing our point of view on individual and collective activity. Secondly, we show how the results of our qualitative analyses (performed on data from interviews and observations of fablab managers, users, and projects from 13 fablabs) reveal 3 main types of fablab organization: community-oriented fablabs, academic fablabs and industrial fablabs, in which different activities are carried out. Fablab activity depends on lab users and the type of design projects carried out. The discussion will focus on the fablab organization findings, including the links between design/innovation project work, collective work and evolving rules, and how all of these aspects might direct activity-centered ergonomics research and actions in the future.

本文的目的是找出不同实验室组织中创新和集体工作的一些特点。我们首先通过对文献的回顾来定义实验室，将相关问题置于人体工程学领域，并将视角聚焦于个人和集体活动。其次，我们将展示定性分析的结果（通过对 13 家实验室的管理人员、用户和项目进行访谈和观察得出的数据）如何揭示出三种主要的实验室组织类型：社区型实验室、学术型实验室和工业型实验室，在这些实验室中开展着不同的活动。实验室的活动取决于实验室用户和设计项目的类型。讨论将集中于实验室组织的研究结果，包括设计/创新项目工作、集体工作和不断演变的规则之间的联系，以及所有这些方面如何指导未来以活动为中心的人体工程学研究和行动。

引用次数: 0

Understanding the challenges of robotic-assisted surgery adoption: Perspectives from stakeholders and the general population on human-interaction, built environment, and training 了解采用机器人辅助手术所面临的挑战：利益相关者和普通民众对人机交互、建筑环境和培训的看法

IF 3.1 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104403

Patrick Fuller , Sara Kennedy , Matthew Ball , Holden Duffie , Melanie Gainey , Qi Luo , Anjali Joseph , Alfredo Carbonell , Jackie S. Cha

This study aims to explore adoption barriers from three aspects critical to facilitating robotic-assisted-surgery (RAS) adoption: the human-robot-interaction, built-environment, and training. Guidelines for research and design are identified from these perspectives. This study consisted of three phases: 1) surveys to RAS stakeholders and a crowd-sourcing survey; 2) stakeholder focus groups; and 3) a workshop with subject-matter experts to prioritize future research for RAS. Barriers from the human-robot-interaction perspective include hesitancy among clinicians to trust automation and physical discomfort during prolonged RAS. Barriers impeding communication and workflow disruptions were identified considering the built-environment. Training barriers were exemplified by varying curriculums from formal (courses) to informal (peer training) for surgeons. Crowd-sourced survey results suggest socio-economic status plays a role in RAS perception. Design guidelines include: 1) improved ergonomics; 2) deliberate introduction of automation; 3) sufficient in-room storage for prospective operating rooms; and 4) the development of compact RAS devices for older/smaller rooms.

本研究旨在从人机交互、建筑环境和培训这三个对促进机器人辅助手术（RAS）的采用至关重要的方面探讨采用障碍。从这些角度确定了研究和设计指南。本研究包括三个阶段：1）对 RAS 利益相关者进行调查，并进行众包调查；2）利益相关者焦点小组；3）与主题专家举行研讨会，确定 RAS 未来研究的优先次序。从人机交互的角度来看，障碍包括临床医生对自动化的信任度犹豫不决，以及在长时间的 RAS 过程中身体不适。考虑到建筑环境，还发现了阻碍沟通和干扰工作流程的障碍。外科医生的培训障碍体现在从正规（课程）到非正规（同行培训）的不同课程设置上。众包调查结果表明，社会经济地位在 RAS 感知中起着一定作用。设计指南包括1）改善人体工程学；2）有意识地引入自动化；3）为未来的手术室提供足够的室内存储空间；4）为较旧/较小的手术室开发紧凑型 RAS 设备。

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引用次数: 0

Avoiding unintentional injuries from household chemicals: Comparing the appeal to children from the perspectives of children, caregivers, and experts 避免家用化学品造成意外伤害：从儿童、照顾者和专家的角度比较化学品对儿童的吸引力

IF 3.1 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104401

Noah Bosshart , Angela Bearth , Sandro E. Stutz , Stephanie Wermelinger , Moritz M. Daum , Michael Siegrist

This study investigated whether caregivers and regulatory experts can predict the appeal of household chemicals for children and explored determinants of differences between adults' and children's child-appeal rating. We invited N = 95 4-year-old children and their caregivers to a laboratory study. Both independently ranked 16 household chemicals from the least to the most child-appealing product. In addition to the laboratory study, we sent an online adaptation of this ranking task to N = 46 experts involved in the monitoring and authorizing of household chemicals. Our findings show that the aggregated child-appeal rating of household chemicals was highly similar among caregivers, experts, and children. When comparing child-appeal ratings of household chemicals with and without child-appealing images, caregivers and experts did well in predicting which products might appeal to children. Finally, our findings show that the similarity between individual caregivers' and their own children's child-appeal ratings of household chemicals varied substantially. To conclude, although adults can assess the general child-appeal of household chemicals, they need to consider that the actual appeal of a household chemical can vary considerably among individual children. Instead of regulating specific product attributes, policymakers should prioritize educating caregivers about pitfalls and misconceptions that hinder effective injury prevention.

本研究调查了看护者和监管专家能否预测家用化学品对儿童的吸引力，并探讨了成人和儿童对儿童吸引力评级差异的决定因素。我们邀请了 N = 95 名 4 岁儿童及其看护人参加实验室研究。两人分别对 16 种家用化学品从最不吸引儿童的产品到最吸引儿童的产品进行排序。除实验室研究外，我们还向 N = 46 名参与家用化学品监控和授权的专家发送了这一排名任务的在线改编版。我们的研究结果表明，照料者、专家和儿童对家用化学品的儿童喜爱度综合评分非常相似。在比较有和没有儿童吸引力图像的家用化学品的儿童吸引力评级时，护理人员和专家在预测哪些产品可能吸引儿童方面表现良好。最后，我们的研究结果表明，个别照顾者和他们自己的孩子对家用化学品的儿童吸引力评级之间的相似度差别很大。总之，尽管成人可以对家用化学品的一般儿童吸引力进行评估，但他们需要考虑到不同儿童对家用化学品的实际吸引力可能会有很大差异。政策制定者应该优先教育看护者认识到妨碍有效预防伤害的陷阱和误解，而不是对具体的产品属性进行监管。

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引用次数: 0

Active back exosuits demonstrate positive usability perceptions that drive intention-to-use in the field among logistic warehouse workers 主动式背部防弹衣显示出积极的可用性认知，推动了物流仓库工人的现场使用意愿。

IF 3.1 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104400

Adam Hess , Jesse V. Jacobs , Sarah Sullivan , Dionna O. Roberts Williams , Lou N. Awad , Diane Dalton , Conor J. Walsh , D. Adam Quirk

Back exosuits offer the potential to reduce occupational back injuries but require in-field acceptance and use to realize this potential. For this study, 146 employees trialed an active back exosuit in the field for 4 h, completing an acceptance usability survey. Comparing the 80% of employees willing to continue wearing this device (N = 117) to those who were not (N = 29) revealed that employees willing to wear this device for a longer-term study generally were more likely to perceive this back exosuit to be effective (helpful) and compatible (minimally disruptive) to their everyday work. Using an optimal tree approach, we demonstrate that intent-to-use could be predicted with 78% accuracy by interacting features of perceived exosuit effectiveness and work compatibility. This study reinforces the importance of task matching, noticeable relief, and unobtrusive design to facilitate short-term employee acceptance of industrial wearable robotic technology.

背部防弹衣具有减少职业性背部伤害的潜力，但需要在现场接受和使用才能实现这一潜力。在这项研究中，146 名员工在现场试用了主动式背部防护服 4 小时，并完成了接受度可用性调查。将 80% 愿意继续穿戴该设备的员工（117 人）与不愿意继续穿戴的员工（29 人）进行比较后发现，愿意长期穿戴该设备进行研究的员工一般更倾向于认为这种背部外衣有效（有帮助）且与他们的日常工作相容（干扰最小）。通过使用最优树方法，我们证明了可以通过感知到的外衣有效性和工作兼容性的交互特征来预测使用意图，准确率高达 78%。这项研究强调了任务匹配、明显缓解和不显眼的设计对于促进员工短期内接受工业可穿戴机器人技术的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

What is needed to address psychosocial hazards in road transport? Using implementation science to understand the gaps 解决道路运输中的社会心理危害需要什么？利用实施科学来了解差距。

IF 3.1 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104398

Bronwen Otto , Sharon Newnam , Victoria Weale , Jodi Oakman

Work-related psychosocial hazards have a significant influence on the development of musculoskeletal and mental health disorders (MSDs and MHDs). This study used behavioural change theory to guide understanding of barriers and enablers for leaders working in the Heavy Vehicle Road Transport industry, to address workplace psychosocial hazards. The findings will be used to inform design of a future intervention to support leaders to more effectively address these hazards. Principal results and major conclusions: A higher number of barriers than enablers were identified. The most prevalent barriers were inadequate knowledge and interpersonal skills, and environmental context and inadequate resources, and the most prevalent enabler was risk management. The findings extend previous evidence by providing more specific detail regarding requirements for addressing psychosocial hazards. Further, the findings identified there is a need to improve the capability, opportunity and motivation of leaders to enable them to more effectively address psychosocial hazards.

与工作相关的社会心理危害对肌肉骨骼和心理健康疾病（MSDs 和 MHDs）的发展具有重大影响。本研究利用行为改变理论来指导对重型车辆道路运输行业领导者应对工作场所社会心理危害的障碍和促进因素的理解。研究结果将用于设计未来的干预措施，以支持领导者更有效地应对这些危害。主要结果和主要结论发现的障碍多于促进因素。最普遍的障碍是知识和人际交往技能不足，以及环境背景和资源不足，而最普遍的促进因素是风险管理。研究结果扩展了以往的证据，提供了有关应对社会心理危害要求的更具体细节。此外，调查结果还指出，有必要提高领导者的能力、机会和动力，使他们能够更有效地应对社会心理危害。

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引用次数: 0

A comparison of vibrotactile patterns in an early warning system for obstacle detection using a haptic vest 使用触觉背心的障碍物探测预警系统中振动触觉模式的比较。

IF 3.1 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104396

Zofia Samsel , Artur Gunia , Milena I. Jäger , Julius Schöning

Technical devices can enhance safety by warning people of unrecognized obstacles, particularly in traffic, wilderness, and industrial settings. This study aims to identify the most effective vibrotactile stimuli for localization tasks by developing and evaluating various types of vibrotactile alerts presented through a tactile vest with visual patterns. The study design involved comparing the time and consistency of interpreting visual stimuli and subsequent tactile stimuli. The tactile stimuli included: a ’point’ vibration on the left or right side of the back, a ’column’ pattern of five vibrations on one side of the back, and a ’wave’ pattern of vibrations running along the back from left to right or vice versa. The results indicated that reaction times to visual stimuli were significantly shorter than to vibration stimuli, suggesting that visual stimuli are suitable for alert systems with low cognitive load. The ’point’ and ’column’ patterns were recognized significantly faster and more clearly than the’wave’ pattern. Consequently, the haptic vest was classified as a potentially effective low cognitive load device in localization performance. The findings could inform the design of early warning systems for obstacle detection in real traffic situations.

技术设备可以通过警告人们注意未识别的障碍物来提高安全性，尤其是在交通、野外和工业环境中。本研究旨在通过开发和评估通过带有视觉图案的触觉背心呈现的各种类型的振动触觉警报，确定对定位任务最有效的振动触觉刺激。研究设计包括比较解读视觉刺激和后续触觉刺激的时间和一致性。触觉刺激包括：背部左侧或右侧的 "点 "状振动、背部一侧五次振动的 "柱 "状图案，以及沿背部从左到右或从右到左的 "波 "状图案。结果表明，对视觉刺激的反应时间明显短于对振动刺激的反应时间，这表明视觉刺激适用于认知负荷较低的警报系统。对 "点 "和 "柱 "图案的识别速度和清晰度明显高于 "波 "图案。因此，在定位性能方面，触觉背心被归类为一种潜在有效的低认知负荷设备。这些研究结果可为在实际交通环境中设计障碍物探测预警系统提供参考。

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引用次数: 0

Analyzing resilient performance of workers with multiple disturbances in production systems 分析生产系统中工人在多重干扰下的弹性表现。

IF 3.1 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104391

Naruki Yasue , Ehsan Mahmoodi , Enrique Ruiz Zúñiga , Masood Fathi

With the emergence of Industry 5.0 and an increasing focus on human-centric approaches in manufacturing, the analysis of workers in production systems has gathered significant interest among researchers and practitioners. Previous studies have explored the impact of various aspects, such as skills, fatigue, and circadian rhythms, on human performance. However, the cumulative effect of these aspects as disturbances on work performance has yet to be fully elucidated. This study introduces an approach using the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) to investigate the impact of multiple disturbances on workers’ performance. Furthermore, this approach explored how the resilience-related skill aspects of workers affect their performance under multiple disturbances. A case study on engine test and repair processes was conducted, employing qualitative data collection and semi-quantitative simulation studies examining the impact of combined disturbances across 4,094 scenarios. The results show that a larger number of compounded variabilities expressed in Common Performance Conditions (CPCs) made it significantly challenging to recover work performance, and CPCs with particularly critical effects were identified. In addition, the FRAM model of skilled workers was shown to sustain higher performance across more scenarios. The approach of this study has demonstrated its ability to provide insights for effectively and safely managing production systems while considering complex disturbances.

随着工业 5.0 的出现以及制造业越来越重视以人为本的方法，研究人员和从业人员对生产系统中工人的分析产生了浓厚的兴趣。以往的研究探讨了技能、疲劳和昼夜节律等各个方面对人类工作表现的影响。然而，这些方面作为干扰因素对工作绩效的累积影响尚未完全阐明。本研究采用功能共振分析法（FRAM）来研究多重干扰对工人工作表现的影响。此外，该方法还探讨了在多重干扰下，工人与恢复力相关的技能方面如何影响其工作表现。通过定性数据收集和半定量模拟研究，对发动机测试和维修流程进行了案例研究，考察了 4,094 种情况下综合干扰的影响。研究结果表明，以共同性能条件（CPC）表示的大量复合变异使得恢复工作性能面临巨大挑战，并确定了具有特别关键影响的 CPC。此外，熟练工人的 FRAM 模型在更多情况下都能保持较高的绩效。本研究的方法表明，它能够在考虑复杂干扰的同时，为有效、安全地管理生产系统提供见解。

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引用次数: 0

How do we sleep? Towards physical requirements for space and environment while travelling 我们如何入睡？旅行时对空间和环境的生理需求

IF 3.1 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Applied Ergonomics

Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2024.104386

P. Vink, G. Vledder, M. Smulders, Y. Song

To establish guidelines for sleeping space in vehicles, the sleeping postures of 189 participants are studied, 105 of them were asked to take the position in which they fall asleep and 84 have been asked to assume the position in which they lie most of the time. Seven percent slept on the stomach, 19% on the back and 74% on the side and 49% slept on the side with both legs flexed. For all participants a bed size of 200 × 90 cm will do. It is discussed that for one night while travelling a bed size of 171 × 76 cm might be sufficient as it results in a reasonably good sleep according to another study and in almost half of the cases in this study people sleep on the side with both legs folded. Apart from the sleeping space for a good sleep, attention is needed for a dark environment with a good temperature and relative silence.

为了制定车内睡眠空间的指导方针，对 189 名参与者的睡姿进行了研究，其中 105 人被要求采取他们入睡时的姿势，84 人被要求采取他们大部分时间躺着时的姿势。7%的人趴着睡，19%的人仰卧，74%的人侧卧，49%的人侧卧时双腿弯曲。对于所有参与者来说，床的大小为 200 × 90 厘米即可。根据另一项研究，171 × 76 厘米大小的床对于旅行中的一个晚上来说可能已经足够，因为这样可以获得相当好的睡眠，而在这项研究中，几乎有一半的人都是双腿屈曲侧睡。要想睡得好，除了睡眠空间外，还需要注意温度适宜、相对安静的黑暗环境。

引用次数: 0