Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-08-06DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104614
Jangwoon Park, Hongwei Hsiao, Baekhee Lee, Kang Yen Lee, Joo Hwan Son
Heated seats are increasingly used in vehicles to improve thermal comfort, yet preferred temperatures across different seat zones remain underexplored. This study examined seat surface temperature preferences across six seatback and cushion zones, considering the effects of weather conditions and user demographics. A total of 102 participants-diverse in sex, age, body size, and ethnicity-participated in a controlled experiment simulating -8 °C to 12 °C and 35 %-75 % humidity. Results indicated that colder conditions led to higher preferred temperatures at four seat zones, with female participants generally favoring warmer settings than males. The findings support the need for seat heating systems with individual controls for multiple zones. Twelve predictive models-six each for basic and advanced seat designs-were developed to estimate optimal seat temperatures. These models can help automotive manufacturers improve seat heating systems by integrating them into AI-assisted technologies for adaptive thermal regulation, ultimately enhancing occupant comfort and satisfaction.
{"title":"Optimizing heated driver seat design: Thermal comfort in cold weather.","authors":"Jangwoon Park, Hongwei Hsiao, Baekhee Lee, Kang Yen Lee, Joo Hwan Son","doi":"10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heated seats are increasingly used in vehicles to improve thermal comfort, yet preferred temperatures across different seat zones remain underexplored. This study examined seat surface temperature preferences across six seatback and cushion zones, considering the effects of weather conditions and user demographics. A total of 102 participants-diverse in sex, age, body size, and ethnicity-participated in a controlled experiment simulating -8 °C to 12 °C and 35 %-75 % humidity. Results indicated that colder conditions led to higher preferred temperatures at four seat zones, with female participants generally favoring warmer settings than males. The findings support the need for seat heating systems with individual controls for multiple zones. Twelve predictive models-six each for basic and advanced seat designs-were developed to estimate optimal seat temperatures. These models can help automotive manufacturers improve seat heating systems by integrating them into AI-assisted technologies for adaptive thermal regulation, ultimately enhancing occupant comfort and satisfaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":55502,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ergonomics","volume":"129 ","pages":"104614"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144796183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-08-08DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104597
Gina N Schnücker, Johannes Salge, Linda Onnasch
This study investigates the impact of Driver Advisory Systems (DAS) for eco-efficient driving on train drivers' job characteristics and job satisfaction, and their effects on acceptance and compliance with the system. Driving and questionnaire data from 16 drivers equipped with DAS were collected over a five-month period. Questionnaire data were compared to questionnaire data of a control group (n = 18). Contrary to expectations, DAS did not significantly alter job characteristics or occupational satisfaction. However, drivers with higher task identity and occupational satisfaction demonstrated greater acceptance of and compliance with DAS, highlighting the interplay between work design and technology adoption. Regression analyses indicated that perceived usefulness, task identity, and skill variety were key predictors of compliance. Despite our small sample size, our study provides first indications about the value of considering aspects of work design to understand drivers' willingness to drive more energy-efficiently with the support of DAS.
{"title":"Exploring the influence of job characteristics on the adoption of driver advisory systems for energy-efficient driving: Insights from a longitudinal field study in rail operations.","authors":"Gina N Schnücker, Johannes Salge, Linda Onnasch","doi":"10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the impact of Driver Advisory Systems (DAS) for eco-efficient driving on train drivers' job characteristics and job satisfaction, and their effects on acceptance and compliance with the system. Driving and questionnaire data from 16 drivers equipped with DAS were collected over a five-month period. Questionnaire data were compared to questionnaire data of a control group (n = 18). Contrary to expectations, DAS did not significantly alter job characteristics or occupational satisfaction. However, drivers with higher task identity and occupational satisfaction demonstrated greater acceptance of and compliance with DAS, highlighting the interplay between work design and technology adoption. Regression analyses indicated that perceived usefulness, task identity, and skill variety were key predictors of compliance. Despite our small sample size, our study provides first indications about the value of considering aspects of work design to understand drivers' willingness to drive more energy-efficiently with the support of DAS.</p>","PeriodicalId":55502,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ergonomics","volume":"129 ","pages":"104597"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144812704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-08-08DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104618
Flavia Marrone, Nicole Sanna, Elena Falchi, Angelo Tirabasso, Massimo Bovenzi, Marco Tarabini
Transport operators face increased risks of injuries and falls while walking on a vibrating floor. No standards exist for human exposure to foot-transmitted vibration (FTV). In this study, twenty-one subjects walked on a treadmill constrained on a moving platform used to apply harmonic vibrations in four directions (mediolateral, anteroposterior, roll, and pitch) at four frequencies (0.5, 0.75, 1, and 1.5 Hz) with constant displacement (2 cm or 1°). The gait metrics, kinematic, and stability data were extracted in correspondence with the onset/offset of platform movement and when the steady-state of FTV was reached. Mediolateral vibration at the highest frequency was the most impactful condition, leading to the adoption of compensatory strategies to stabilize the center of mass closer to the floor and enlarge the base of support. These findings suggest that, from a normative perspective, a specific weighting curve is needed to assess human response to FTV while walking, since it varies as a function of vibration frequency and direction.
{"title":"Impact of foot-transmitted vibration on gait metrics, kinematics, and dynamic stability.","authors":"Flavia Marrone, Nicole Sanna, Elena Falchi, Angelo Tirabasso, Massimo Bovenzi, Marco Tarabini","doi":"10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transport operators face increased risks of injuries and falls while walking on a vibrating floor. No standards exist for human exposure to foot-transmitted vibration (FTV). In this study, twenty-one subjects walked on a treadmill constrained on a moving platform used to apply harmonic vibrations in four directions (mediolateral, anteroposterior, roll, and pitch) at four frequencies (0.5, 0.75, 1, and 1.5 Hz) with constant displacement (2 cm or 1°). The gait metrics, kinematic, and stability data were extracted in correspondence with the onset/offset of platform movement and when the steady-state of FTV was reached. Mediolateral vibration at the highest frequency was the most impactful condition, leading to the adoption of compensatory strategies to stabilize the center of mass closer to the floor and enlarge the base of support. These findings suggest that, from a normative perspective, a specific weighting curve is needed to assess human response to FTV while walking, since it varies as a function of vibration frequency and direction.</p>","PeriodicalId":55502,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ergonomics","volume":"129 ","pages":"104618"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144805287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-31DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104678
Davood Dadkhah , Hamed Ghomashchi , Tilak Dutta
Slip-related falls on icy surfaces remain a significant public health concern, largely because of the extremely low coefficient of friction of ice. Although advanced composite outsoles can reduce slips by 68% and falls by 78% compared to conventional winter footwear, our studies suggest that frequent slips on ice persist. We hypothesized that absolute slip risk on ice remains high, motivating the need for additional interventions. The objective of this project was to measure the risk of slipping for participants walking on a level ice surface using winter footwear with varying slip resistance performance and to compare the slip risk on ice to other surfaces reported in the literature.
We investigated slip risk by recruiting 27 participants who walked on level ice while wearing 11 different winter boots across five Maximum Achievable Angle (MAA) categories (0°, 3°, 5°, 9°, 10°). After completing the level-ice trials, participants walked on progressively steeper ice surfaces only to determine their Observed MAA. The MAA test defines the steepest icy slope an individual can traverse without slipping. A motion capture system recorded 8,503 steps, of which 999 were slip-steps, corresponding to an overall 11.8% slip probability. Footwear with a 0°MAA exhibited 36% slip risk, while higher-rated 9-10°boots still had a 4%–5% slip probability, approximately one slip every 20-25 steps. Finally, we include an equation that converts MAA ratings into absolute, step-level slip risk on level ice (1 in N steps).
These results confirm that, despite technological advances in outsole design, ice remains exceptionally hazardous. Even the best-performing boots did not fully prevent slips. Additional measures – such as slip-prevention training, improved ice-clearing practices, or heated and porous pavements – may thus be required to further reduce winter slip-related injuries.
{"title":"Determining the risk of slipping on level ice using winter footwear with varied maximum achievable angle slip-resistance performance","authors":"Davood Dadkhah , Hamed Ghomashchi , Tilak Dutta","doi":"10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104678","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104678","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Slip-related falls on icy surfaces remain a significant public health concern, largely because of the extremely low coefficient of friction of ice. Although advanced composite outsoles can reduce slips by 68% and falls by 78% compared to conventional winter footwear, our studies suggest that frequent slips on ice persist. We hypothesized that absolute slip risk on ice remains high, motivating the need for additional interventions. The objective of this project was to measure the risk of slipping for participants walking on a level ice surface using winter footwear with varying slip resistance performance and to compare the slip risk on ice to other surfaces reported in the literature.</div><div>We investigated slip risk by recruiting 27 participants who walked on level ice while wearing 11 different winter boots across five Maximum Achievable Angle (MAA) categories (0°, 3°, 5°, 9°, 10°). After completing the level-ice trials, participants walked on progressively steeper ice surfaces only to determine their Observed MAA. The MAA test defines the steepest icy slope an individual can traverse without slipping. A motion capture system recorded 8,503 steps, of which 999 were slip-steps, corresponding to an overall 11.8% slip probability. Footwear with a 0°MAA exhibited 36% slip risk, while higher-rated 9-10°boots still had a 4%–5% slip probability, approximately one slip every 20-25 steps. Finally, we include an equation that converts MAA ratings into absolute, step-level slip risk on level ice (1 in N steps).</div><div>These results confirm that, despite technological advances in outsole design, ice remains exceptionally hazardous. Even the best-performing boots did not fully prevent slips. Additional measures – such as slip-prevention training, improved ice-clearing practices, or heated and porous pavements – may thus be required to further reduce winter slip-related injuries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55502,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ergonomics","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 104678"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145419241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This systematic literature review examines the application of extended reality (XR) technologies, including virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR), in healthcare design. This review explores how XR tools are applied to evaluate and enhance healthcare environments and the types of data collected during these assessments. A comprehensive review of 25 studies, conducted following the PRISMA guidelines, highlights four primary themes: tool effectiveness, design feedback, wayfinding, and care environment experience. Findings indicate that XR technologies offer significant potential for evaluating and improving healthcare environments, enhancing user experiences, and optimizing the design process. While challenges such as cybersickness and the lack of haptic feedback remain, XR can significantly boost user engagement, support evidence-based design decisions, and provide a cost-effective alternative to traditional mock-ups. This review underscores the importance of integrating multiple methods for collecting objective and subjective data in XR-based evaluations to ensure well-informed design decisions in future healthcare facilities.
{"title":"Leveraging extended reality technologies to enhance the architectural design of healthcare environments: A Systematic Review","authors":"Parnia Azini , Hamid Estejab , Farimah Raisali , Nazli Jafari , Dorna Hedayat","doi":"10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104656","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This systematic literature review examines the application of extended reality (XR) technologies, including virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR), in healthcare design. This review explores how XR tools are applied to evaluate and enhance healthcare environments and the types of data collected during these assessments. A comprehensive review of 25 studies, conducted following the PRISMA guidelines, highlights four primary themes: tool effectiveness, design feedback, wayfinding, and care environment experience. Findings indicate that XR technologies offer significant potential for evaluating and improving healthcare environments, enhancing user experiences, and optimizing the design process. While challenges such as cybersickness and the lack of haptic feedback remain, XR can significantly boost user engagement, support evidence-based design decisions, and provide a cost-effective alternative to traditional mock-ups. This review underscores the importance of integrating multiple methods for collecting objective and subjective data in XR-based evaluations to ensure well-informed design decisions in future healthcare facilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55502,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ergonomics","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 104656"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145402942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-26DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104667
Minji Yu , Linsey Griffin
This study aimed to develop and demonstrate a methodological framework for enhancing the predictability of filtering facepiece respirator (FFR) fit using 3D face-shape elements and evaluating their advantages over traditional anthropometric measurements for improved predictive modeling. Data was collected from 202 participants, including their 3D face scans and quantitative fit factor scores for one N95 respirator. An automated process was used to extract face shape data from 3D scans. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was conducted to evaluate if 3D face shape elements could achieve distinct and interpretable groupings compared to traditional anthropometric measurements. Predictive models were then developed using the face shape elements to predict FFR fit. The PCA grouped face shape elements, emphasizing their ability to form meaningful categories and opening the possibility to reduce variables in predictive modeling. The predictive models developed showed that specific face shape elements including lateral nose slope (3D) are more predictive of FFR fit than traditional anthropometric measurements. The best predictive models were those with fewer variables, emphasizing the effectiveness of 3D shape measurements in capturing critical local features beyond traditional face size metrics. This study demonstrated that 3D face shape elements provide a more reliable basis for predicting FFR fit than the traditional anthropometric approach. The use of geometric data enhances the understanding of face-respirator interaction, which can lead to the development of more effective respirator fit panels, improved safety protocols, and future respirator design innovation.
{"title":"Fit prediction for filtering facepiece respirator using 3D face shape","authors":"Minji Yu , Linsey Griffin","doi":"10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to develop and demonstrate a methodological framework for enhancing the predictability of filtering facepiece respirator (FFR) fit using 3D face-shape elements and evaluating their advantages over traditional anthropometric measurements for improved predictive modeling. Data was collected from 202 participants, including their 3D face scans and quantitative fit factor scores for one N95 respirator. An automated process was used to extract face shape data from 3D scans. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was conducted to evaluate if 3D face shape elements could achieve distinct and interpretable groupings compared to traditional anthropometric measurements. Predictive models were then developed using the face shape elements to predict FFR fit. The PCA grouped face shape elements, emphasizing their ability to form meaningful categories and opening the possibility to reduce variables in predictive modeling. The predictive models developed showed that specific face shape elements including lateral nose slope (3D) are more predictive of FFR fit than traditional anthropometric measurements. The best predictive models were those with fewer variables, emphasizing the effectiveness of 3D shape measurements in capturing critical local features beyond traditional face size metrics. This study demonstrated that 3D face shape elements provide a more reliable basis for predicting FFR fit than the traditional anthropometric approach. The use of geometric data enhances the understanding of face-respirator interaction, which can lead to the development of more effective respirator fit panels, improved safety protocols, and future respirator design innovation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55502,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ergonomics","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 104667"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145379966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-25DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104628
David Prendez, Jiaxin Li, Elizabeth A. Higgins, Ji-Eun Kim
The article highlights the importance of considering sustainability when designing intervention tools for enhancing vigilance, which refers to the ability to remain attentive and alert over a prolonged period of time. Responding to Industry 5.0's emphasis on systematic approaches that integrate social and environmental considerations, we reviewed when and how 18 vigilance intervention strategies identified in 52 studies were applied. Each intervention was evaluated in reference to its sustainability, defined as its ability to be maintained after external support is withdrawn. We observed that the highly sustainable interventions—breaks, sugar-based drinks, caffeine, chewing gum, and meditation—were not technology-based strategies, while the less sustainable interventions—electrical stimulation, transcranial light, and neuro/biofeedback—were technology-based. This underscores the need for easy-to-use and affordable adaptive intervention technologies that work for intervention recipients. The framework and approaches presented in this study will help researchers to design, implement, and adapt successful interventions that can be used continuously for enhancing vigilance, even after the termination of external supports.
{"title":"Toward sustainable interventions for enhancing vigilance: A scoping review","authors":"David Prendez, Jiaxin Li, Elizabeth A. Higgins, Ji-Eun Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The article highlights the importance of considering sustainability when designing intervention tools for enhancing vigilance, which refers to the ability to remain attentive and alert over a prolonged period of time. Responding to Industry 5.0's emphasis on systematic approaches that integrate social and environmental considerations, we reviewed when and how 18 vigilance intervention strategies identified in 52 studies were applied. Each intervention was evaluated in reference to its sustainability, defined as its ability to be maintained after external support is withdrawn. We observed that the highly sustainable interventions—breaks, sugar-based drinks, caffeine, chewing gum, and meditation—were not technology-based strategies, while the less sustainable interventions—electrical stimulation, transcranial light, and neuro/biofeedback—were technology-based. This underscores the need for easy-to-use and affordable adaptive intervention technologies that work for intervention recipients. The framework and approaches presented in this study will help researchers to design, implement, and adapt successful interventions that can be used continuously for enhancing vigilance, even after the termination of external supports.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55502,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ergonomics","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 104628"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145365913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-24DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104665
Andrew Thatcher , Augustine Appah Acquah , Agnès Aublet-Cuvelier , Rob Becker , Tim Bentley , Maria Elena Boatca , Daniel Braatz , Hong-In Cheng , Fabien Coutarel , Somnath Gangopadhyay , Nicola Green , Nigel Heaton , Hongwei Hsiao , Liang Ma , Masaaki Mochimaru , Beata Mrugalska , Verena Nitsch , Paulo Antonio Barros Oliveira , Taezoon Park , Arto Reiman , Wei Zhang
In a webinar series hosted by the International Ergonomics Association, the Future of Work Committee of the International Ergonomics Association gathered inputs about the future of work from ergonomics/human factors (E/HF) experts representing different regions around the world. Through these insights, four global megatrends relevant to E/HF driving the future of work were identified: labour-market supply; work informality; technology; and climate change. Next, we applied an E/HF systems approach, using causal loop diagrams, to explore the unfolding interrelationships between these megatrends at a global level and with a national level example to determine what novel insights can be uncovered using systems analysis. We demonstrate the power of E/HF systems thinking that can enable national E/HF societies and regional think-tanks to move beyond a siloed approach to megatrends. We conclude with some high-level suggestions for E/HF to consider in order to meet the future of work challenges.
{"title":"Ergonomics/human factors and the future of work: A global systems perspective","authors":"Andrew Thatcher , Augustine Appah Acquah , Agnès Aublet-Cuvelier , Rob Becker , Tim Bentley , Maria Elena Boatca , Daniel Braatz , Hong-In Cheng , Fabien Coutarel , Somnath Gangopadhyay , Nicola Green , Nigel Heaton , Hongwei Hsiao , Liang Ma , Masaaki Mochimaru , Beata Mrugalska , Verena Nitsch , Paulo Antonio Barros Oliveira , Taezoon Park , Arto Reiman , Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In a webinar series hosted by the International Ergonomics Association, the Future of Work Committee of the International Ergonomics Association gathered inputs about the future of work from ergonomics/human factors (E/HF) experts representing different regions around the world. Through these insights, four global megatrends relevant to E/HF driving the future of work were identified: labour-market supply; work informality; technology; and climate change. Next, we applied an E/HF systems approach, using causal loop diagrams, to explore the unfolding interrelationships between these megatrends at a global level and with a national level example to determine what novel insights can be uncovered using systems analysis. We demonstrate the power of E/HF systems thinking that can enable national E/HF societies and regional think-tanks to move beyond a siloed approach to megatrends. We conclude with some high-level suggestions for E/HF to consider in order to meet the future of work challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55502,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ergonomics","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 104665"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145365210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-24DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104663
Peiyu Zhang , Zichen Ye , Ronggan Wei , Haiyan Niu , Hongxia Li , Mingjuan Wang , Peng Xue , Sara Lu Riggs
This study evaluated three timing strategies for delivering AI assistance in pathological slide diagnosis — pre-diagnosis (triage), during diagnosis (concurrent), and post-diagnosis (secondary) — and assessed users’ perceptions of AI assistance. All three AI modes improved diagnostic performance and reduced workload versus no AI assistance. Concurrent mode was preferred for its balance between efficiency and reader control; secondary mode was appreciated for minimizing bias and aiding training. Triage mode yielded lower workload and higher performance but raised concerns about trust and transparency. AI was regarded as a valuable tool for initial slide review, but not as a replacement for expert readers. Participants generally trusted the AI for highlighting suspicious areas, not making final decisions. After use, willingness to rely on AI for final diagnosis declined, though trust and usability remained moderate to high. To increase adoption, designers should manage AI information presentation to avoid bias, balance sensitivity and specificity based on user feedback, and improve explainability to enhance reader confidence and trust.
{"title":"The effect of AI assistance timing on performance and user perceptions in pathological slide diagnosis","authors":"Peiyu Zhang , Zichen Ye , Ronggan Wei , Haiyan Niu , Hongxia Li , Mingjuan Wang , Peng Xue , Sara Lu Riggs","doi":"10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated three timing strategies for delivering AI assistance in pathological slide diagnosis — pre-diagnosis (triage), during diagnosis (concurrent), and post-diagnosis (secondary) — and assessed users’ perceptions of AI assistance. All three AI modes improved diagnostic performance and reduced workload versus no AI assistance. Concurrent mode was preferred for its balance between efficiency and reader control; secondary mode was appreciated for minimizing bias and aiding training. Triage mode yielded lower workload and higher performance but raised concerns about trust and transparency. AI was regarded as a valuable tool for initial slide review, but not as a replacement for expert readers. Participants generally trusted the AI for highlighting suspicious areas, not making final decisions. After use, willingness to rely on AI for final diagnosis declined, though trust and usability remained moderate to high. To increase adoption, designers should manage AI information presentation to avoid bias, balance sensitivity and specificity based on user feedback, and improve explainability to enhance reader confidence and trust.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55502,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ergonomics","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 104663"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145365915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Most air traffic controllers (ATCO) are selected after high school graduation, partly based on cognitive abilities. On the contrary, French ATCO are selected after an intensive scientific post-secondary program without undergoing cognitive assessment. This study examines the potential incremental validity of cognitive predictors in ATCO training for such proficient applicants. Initial and unit training results were available for 414 and 277 ATCO students, respectively. All students took cognitive ability tests, encompassing visuospatial processing, quantitative knowledge, and work samples. We compared a baseline regression model with academic performance as sole predictor to an extended model with the addition of the cognitive abilities composite score. The R2 of the extended model increased significantly, by 0.04 (p < .001) and 0.06 (p < .001), respectively, for predicting practical initial and unit training outcome. In conclusion, even for scientific proficient candidates, cognitive assessment can enhance the success rate of ATCO training.
{"title":"Predictive validity of cognitive abilities for air traffic controllers selection among proficient scientific candidates","authors":"Damien Mouratille , Franck Amadieu , Nadine Matton","doi":"10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most air traffic controllers (ATCO) are selected after high school graduation, partly based on cognitive abilities. On the contrary, French ATCO are selected after an intensive scientific post-secondary program without undergoing cognitive assessment. This study examines the potential incremental validity of cognitive predictors in ATCO training for such proficient applicants. Initial and unit training results were available for 414 and 277 ATCO students, respectively. All students took cognitive ability tests, encompassing visuospatial processing, quantitative knowledge, and work samples. We compared a baseline regression model with academic performance as sole predictor to an extended model with the addition of the cognitive abilities composite score. The R<sup>2</sup> of the extended model increased significantly, by 0.04 (p < .001) and 0.06 (p < .001), respectively, for predicting practical initial and unit training outcome. In conclusion, even for scientific proficient candidates, cognitive assessment can enhance the success rate of ATCO training.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55502,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ergonomics","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 104666"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145365916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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