The species Senecio contumazensis sp. nov. from the southern department of Cajamarca, in northwestern Peru, is described herein. It shows morphological affinities with species of the Senecio series Otopteri, especially with the Bolivian Senecio sepium. In addition, the putative endemic Senecio piurensis from northern Peru is synonymized with S. pericaulis, a species previously described from southern Ecuador. Discussions on the morphology of these species, illustrations, and a distribution map are provided.
{"title":"A new species and a new synonym in Peruvian Senecio (Compositae)","authors":"Joel Calvo, Arturo Granda","doi":"10.3989/ajbm.598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.598","url":null,"abstract":"The species Senecio contumazensis sp. nov. from the southern department of Cajamarca, in northwestern Peru, is described herein. It shows morphological affinities with species of the Senecio series Otopteri, especially with the Bolivian Senecio sepium. In addition, the putative endemic Senecio piurensis from northern Peru is synonymized with S. pericaulis, a species previously described from southern Ecuador. Discussions on the morphology of these species, illustrations, and a distribution map are provided.","PeriodicalId":55520,"journal":{"name":"Anales Del Jardin Botanico De Madrid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135137795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Teodor T. Denchev, Cvetomir M. Denchev, Dominik Begerow, Martin Kemler
A rare smut fungus, Anthracoidea pseudofoetidae, is reported for the first time from Russia, based on a specimen from the Altai Republic. Carex enervis is a new host record for A. pseudofoetidae. Two new records for Greece, Microbotryum duriaeanum and M. moenchiae-manticae, and a new record for Morocco, Microbotryum moehringiae, are also presented. Microbotryum moehringiae is recorded for the first time from Africa. Cerastium brachypetalum subsp. roeseri is a new host record for Microbotryum duriaeanum. New molecular data are provided for these smut fungi. Updated phylogenetic trees for Anthracoidea and Microbotryum are also given.
{"title":"New records of Anthracoidea pseudofoetidae (Anthracoideaceae) from Russia, and Microbotryum (Microbotryaceae) from Greece and Morocco","authors":"Teodor T. Denchev, Cvetomir M. Denchev, Dominik Begerow, Martin Kemler","doi":"10.3989/ajbm.584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.584","url":null,"abstract":"A rare smut fungus, Anthracoidea pseudofoetidae, is reported for the first time from Russia, based on a specimen from the Altai Republic. Carex enervis is a new host record for A. pseudofoetidae. Two new records for Greece, Microbotryum duriaeanum and M. moenchiae-manticae, and a new record for Morocco, Microbotryum moehringiae, are also presented. Microbotryum moehringiae is recorded for the first time from Africa. Cerastium brachypetalum subsp. roeseri is a new host record for Microbotryum duriaeanum. New molecular data are provided for these smut fungi. Updated phylogenetic trees for Anthracoidea and Microbotryum are also given.","PeriodicalId":55520,"journal":{"name":"Anales Del Jardin Botanico De Madrid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135137840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guillermo Quevedo Ortiz, Núria Bonada Caparrós, Joan Gomà Martínez
Cyclotella alvarniensis es considerada una especie fósil de diatomea del Mioceno Superior. La presencia de esta especie suele estar asociada a su proximidad a zonas de explotación de diatomita. Se han encontrado frústulas en algunas regiones de España (Murcia-Albacete), Francia, Suiza y recientemente en Senegal. Sin embargo, las causas de su dispersión aérea y su distribución geográfica no están claras. Durante un estudio de seguimiento y dispersión de diatomeas realizado en el Parque Natural de Sant Llorenç del Munt i l’Obac (Barcelona, España), registramos la presencia de C. alvarniensis por primera vez en Cataluña. Concretamente, aparecieron en cuatro tipos distintos de sustratos: sobre biopelículas de agua corriente, pozas artificiales o mesocosmos, pozas naturales desconectadas y sedimento rehidratado. Dadas las formas de aparición de C. alvarniensis en nuestras muestras y a la ausencia de depósitos de diatomita cercanos, discutimos la posibilidad de que también sea una especie actual de las comunidades de diatomeas de agua dulce.
Cyclotella alvarniensis被认为是中新世晚期硅藻的化石种。这个物种的存在通常与它靠近硅藻土开采区域有关。在西班牙的一些地区(穆尔西亚-阿尔巴塞特)、法国、瑞士和最近的塞内加尔都发现了frustus。然而，它们在空中传播的原因和地理分布尚不清楚。在Sant llorenc del Munt i l 'Obac自然公园(西班牙巴塞罗那)进行的一项硅藻监测和扩散研究中，我们首次记录了C. alvarniensis在加泰罗尼亚的存在。具体来说，它们出现在四种不同类型的基质上:流水生物膜、人工池或中观宇宙、不相连的天然池和再水化沉积物。考虑到C. alvarniensis在我们的样本中出现的方式，以及附近没有硅藻土沉积，我们讨论了它也是淡水硅藻土群落的一种可能性。
{"title":"Cyclotella alvarniensis (Stephanodiscaceae): ¿Diatomea moderna o fósil?","authors":"Guillermo Quevedo Ortiz, Núria Bonada Caparrós, Joan Gomà Martínez","doi":"10.3989/ajbm.586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.586","url":null,"abstract":"Cyclotella alvarniensis es considerada una especie fósil de diatomea del Mioceno Superior. La presencia de esta especie suele estar asociada a su proximidad a zonas de explotación de diatomita. Se han encontrado frústulas en algunas regiones de España (Murcia-Albacete), Francia, Suiza y recientemente en Senegal. Sin embargo, las causas de su dispersión aérea y su distribución geográfica no están claras. Durante un estudio de seguimiento y dispersión de diatomeas realizado en el Parque Natural de Sant Llorenç del Munt i l’Obac (Barcelona, España), registramos la presencia de C. alvarniensis por primera vez en Cataluña. Concretamente, aparecieron en cuatro tipos distintos de sustratos: sobre biopelículas de agua corriente, pozas artificiales o mesocosmos, pozas naturales desconectadas y sedimento rehidratado. Dadas las formas de aparición de C. alvarniensis en nuestras muestras y a la ausencia de depósitos de diatomita cercanos, discutimos la posibilidad de que también sea una especie actual de las comunidades de diatomeas de agua dulce.","PeriodicalId":55520,"journal":{"name":"Anales Del Jardin Botanico De Madrid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135137558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francisco Alberto Basurto Peña, Itzel García Rivas, Lizeth Carrión Santos, M. S. Orozco Almanza
El Libellus de medicinalibus indorum herbis o Códice de la Cruz-Badiano es la primera obra sobre plantas medicinales de América. Dictada o escrita en náhuatl por el médico indígena Martín de la Cruz y traducida al latín por Juan Badiano, ambos del Colegio de Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco, fue llevada a España en 1552 para ser entregada al rey a fin de ganar sus favores para el colegio y también para el comercio de plantas medicinales producidas en Nueva España por Francisco de Mendoza. Desde que fue ‘encontrado’ en 1929 en la Biblioteca Vaticana, se han realizado trabajos encaminados a la interpretación de las ilustraciones de las plantas que contiene a fin de proponer su identidad taxonómica y a la fecha se tienen diversas propuestas de identificaciones botánicas. En este trabajo se reporta el uso medicinal actual de las especies de plantas del Códice de la Cruz-Badiano y se comparan los usos, formas de preparación y de administración de las plantas entre lo indicado en el Libellus y el uso actual de las especies. Se encuentran pocas coincidencias entre los usos mencionados en el Libellus y los reportes actuales, debido a la dinámica de la medicina tradicional mexicana relacionada e influida por aspectos históricos, geográficos, económicos, sociales y culturales.
药用蜻蜓Indorum Herbis或《十字架法典》-巴迪亚诺是美国第一部关于药用植物的作品。由土著医生马丁·德拉克鲁兹（Martin de la Cruz）在纳瓦特尔（Nahuatl）口授或撰写，并由圣克鲁斯-德-特拉特洛尔科学院的胡安·巴迪亚诺（Juan Badiano）翻译成拉丁文，于1552年被带到西班牙交给国王，以赢得他对该学院的青睐，也为弗朗西斯科·德·门多萨（Francisco de Mendoza）在新西班牙生产的药用植物的贸易。自1929年在梵蒂冈图书馆“发现”以来，一直在努力解释其中包含的植物插图，以提出它们的分类身份，迄今为止，已经提出了各种植物鉴定建议。本文报告了巴迪亚诺十字花科植物物种目前的药用用途，并比较了蜻蜓和该物种目前的用途、制备方法和给药方式。由于墨西哥传统医学的动态受到历史、地理、经济、社会和文化方面的影响，因此《蜻蜓》中提到的用途与目前的报告几乎没有一致之处。
{"title":"Uso actual de las plantas del Libellus de Medicinalibus Indorum Herbis o Códice de la Cruz-Badiano en México","authors":"Francisco Alberto Basurto Peña, Itzel García Rivas, Lizeth Carrión Santos, M. S. Orozco Almanza","doi":"10.3989/ajbm.548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.548","url":null,"abstract":"El Libellus de medicinalibus indorum herbis o Códice de la Cruz-Badiano es la primera obra sobre plantas medicinales de América. Dictada o escrita en náhuatl por el médico indígena Martín de la Cruz y traducida al latín por Juan Badiano, ambos del Colegio de Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco, fue llevada a España en 1552 para ser entregada al rey a fin de ganar sus favores para el colegio y también para el comercio de plantas medicinales producidas en Nueva España por Francisco de Mendoza. Desde que fue ‘encontrado’ en 1929 en la Biblioteca Vaticana, se han realizado trabajos encaminados a la interpretación de las ilustraciones de las plantas que contiene a fin de proponer su identidad taxonómica y a la fecha se tienen diversas propuestas de identificaciones botánicas. En este trabajo se reporta el uso medicinal actual de las especies de plantas del Códice de la Cruz-Badiano y se comparan los usos, formas de preparación y de administración de las plantas entre lo indicado en el Libellus y el uso actual de las especies. Se encuentran pocas coincidencias entre los usos mencionados en el Libellus y los reportes actuales, debido a la dinámica de la medicina tradicional mexicana relacionada e influida por aspectos históricos, geográficos, económicos, sociales y culturales.","PeriodicalId":55520,"journal":{"name":"Anales Del Jardin Botanico De Madrid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41894383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
During lichenological fieldwork along the coast of the Atlantic Sahara, Morocco, we collected some remarkably long lobed “Caloplaca” specimens, which turned out to be Stellarangia namibensis. This is the first record of this species in the northern hemisphere, and represents a significant extension of the known range of a lichen previously thought to be endemic to the Namib Desert.
{"title":"Stellarangia namibensis (Teloschistaceae) out of the Namib Desert","authors":"Joana Marques, Frederico Santarém, J. Brito","doi":"10.3989/ajbm.2638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.2638","url":null,"abstract":"During lichenological fieldwork along the coast of the Atlantic Sahara, Morocco, we collected some remarkably long lobed “Caloplaca” specimens, which turned out to be Stellarangia namibensis. This is the first record of this species in the northern hemisphere, and represents a significant extension of the known range of a lichen previously thought to be endemic to the Namib Desert.","PeriodicalId":55520,"journal":{"name":"Anales Del Jardin Botanico De Madrid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44270659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. P. FERRER-GALLEGO, Jacek Wajer, Ferrer-Gallego Wajer
A neotype for the widespread and ecologically important plant Lavandula pedunculata Mill. (Lamiaceae) [≡ Stoechas pedunculata (Mill.) Cav.] is designated. The neotype is seleccted from a modern specimen preserved at the VAL herbarium (VAL 174683) and collected in Spain.
{"title":"Typification of Stoechas pedunculata, the basionym of Lavandula pedunculata (Lamiaceae)","authors":"P. P. FERRER-GALLEGO, Jacek Wajer, Ferrer-Gallego Wajer","doi":"10.3989/ajbm.2640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.2640","url":null,"abstract":"A neotype for the widespread and ecologically important plant Lavandula pedunculata Mill. (Lamiaceae) [≡ Stoechas pedunculata (Mill.) Cav.] is designated. The neotype is seleccted from a modern specimen preserved at the VAL herbarium (VAL 174683) and collected in Spain.","PeriodicalId":55520,"journal":{"name":"Anales Del Jardin Botanico De Madrid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45729151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As part of the treatment of Meliosma (Sabiaceae) for Flora Mesoamericana, four lectotypes are selected for Lorenzanea dentata var. minor Liebm., L. ira Liebm., L. grandifolia Liebm., and L. vernicosa Liebm., and four second-step lectotypifications are performed for Lorenzanea dentata Liebm., L. glabrata Liebm., Meliosma donnellsmithii Urb., and M. tonduzii Donn.Sm.
{"title":"Lectotypifications in Meliosma (Sabiaceae)","authors":"J. Morales","doi":"10.3989/ajbm.539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.539","url":null,"abstract":"As part of the treatment of Meliosma (Sabiaceae) for Flora Mesoamericana, four lectotypes are selected for Lorenzanea dentata var. minor Liebm., L. ira Liebm., L. grandifolia Liebm., and L. vernicosa Liebm., and four second-step lectotypifications are performed for Lorenzanea dentata Liebm., L. glabrata Liebm., Meliosma donnellsmithii Urb., and M. tonduzii Donn.Sm.","PeriodicalId":55520,"journal":{"name":"Anales Del Jardin Botanico De Madrid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42870691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sara Martín Hernanz, Rafael González Albaladejo, Encarnación Rubio Pérez, P. Volkova, M. Miara, Deniz Ulukuș, M. Sezgin, Abelardo Aparicio Martínez
In this study we assessed karyotype size and symmetry for a comprehensive taxonomic and geographic representation of Helianthemum and reconstructed chromosome number evolution in the genus. Using root tips, we photographed mitotic metaphase spreads to obtain chromosome number, total haploid (monoploid) length of the chromosome set (THL), karyotype formula, Stebbins’ classification of karyotype asymmetry, interchromosomal coefficient of variation of chromosome length (CVCL) and intrachromosomal mean centromeric asymmetry (MCA) using MATO (Measurement and Analysis Tools). We found that shifts in chromosome number are not a major driver in the evolution of Helianthemum, whose chromosome number evolved at a constant rate of single chromosome gain or loss. Karyotype asymmetry is very low and little variable in all taxonomic categories studied, with a predominance of metacentric and submetacentric small to medium-sized chromosomes about 3 μm at the genus level. However, total karyotype length varies from 16.91 μm to 47.84 μm at the species level, with a cytogenetic signature that is not conserved within subgenera and most sections. Overall, H. subg. Plectolobum shows both the longest and the most symmetrical karyotypes. We hypothesize that the variation in karyotype size in Helianthemum is likely a consequence of chromosome rearrangements that have occurred under selective pressures.
{"title":"A comparative karyological study of Helianthemum (Cistaceae): karyotype size, karyotype symmetry and evolution of chromosome number","authors":"Sara Martín Hernanz, Rafael González Albaladejo, Encarnación Rubio Pérez, P. Volkova, M. Miara, Deniz Ulukuș, M. Sezgin, Abelardo Aparicio Martínez","doi":"10.3989/ajbm.576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.576","url":null,"abstract":"In this study we assessed karyotype size and symmetry for a comprehensive taxonomic and geographic representation of Helianthemum and reconstructed chromosome number evolution in the genus. Using root tips, we photographed mitotic metaphase spreads to obtain chromosome number, total haploid (monoploid) length of the chromosome set (THL), karyotype formula, Stebbins’ classification of karyotype asymmetry, interchromosomal coefficient of variation of chromosome length (CVCL) and intrachromosomal mean centromeric asymmetry (MCA) using MATO (Measurement and Analysis Tools). We found that shifts in chromosome number are not a major driver in the evolution of Helianthemum, whose chromosome number evolved at a constant rate of single chromosome gain or loss. Karyotype asymmetry is very low and little variable in all taxonomic categories studied, with a predominance of metacentric and submetacentric small to medium-sized chromosomes about 3 μm at the genus level. However, total karyotype length varies from 16.91 μm to 47.84 μm at the species level, with a cytogenetic signature that is not conserved within subgenera and most sections. Overall, H. subg. Plectolobum shows both the longest and the most symmetrical karyotypes. We hypothesize that the variation in karyotype size in Helianthemum is likely a consequence of chromosome rearrangements that have occurred under selective pressures.","PeriodicalId":55520,"journal":{"name":"Anales Del Jardin Botanico De Madrid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45440515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guillermo Velayos, Patricia Barberá, Francisco J. Cabezas, Maximiliano Fero, M. Velayos
Se presenta un catálogo actualizado de las plantas vasculares de la región continental de Guinea Ecuatorial (Río Muni). El catálogo es fruto de la compilación de especímenes de herbario (6,850), registros de especies de la literatura botánica (7,985) y bases de datos en línea (10,109 registros de GBIF y 8,897 de RAINBIO). Se elaboró una base de datos de 23,517 registros georreferenciados realizando la actualización nomenclatural y estandarización de los nombres de localidades de todas estas fuentes. El catálogo comprende 2707 taxones (2598 especies, 81 subespecies y 28 variedades) incluidos en 1,020 géneros y 178 familias. El 90.6% de los taxones se consideran nativos, el 1.17% introducidos y el 5.96% naturalizados. Las 10 familias más diversas son Rubiaceae (294 especies), Fabaceae (290), Orchidaceae (168), Poaceae (105), Euphorbiaceae (87), Apocynaceae (85), Cyperaceae (79), Annonaceae (68), Acanthaceae (65) y Melastomataceae (61), que comprenden el 49.22% de las especies de Río Muni. Solo 11 especies pueden considerarse endémicas de Río Muni; este bajo número refleja la ausencia de barreras naturales en el territorio. El número de taxones amenazados (VU, EN y CR) es de 134 (5.02% del total evaluado) de los cuales 43 se encuentran en riesgo de extinción, al estar dentro de las categorías de En Peligro o En Peligro Crítico. Cinco especies restringidas al Golfo de Guinea se consideran amenazadas: tres En Peligro (Grossera angustifolia, Polyscias aequatoguineensis y Rhipidoglossum montealenense), y dos En Peligro Crítico (Asplenium carvalhoanum y Macropodiella uoroensis), por lo que deberían considerarse prioritarias en los planes de gestión y conservación.
{"title":"Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Río Muni (Guinea Ecuatorial): análisis florístico, diversidad, endemicidad y estado de amenaza","authors":"Guillermo Velayos, Patricia Barberá, Francisco J. Cabezas, Maximiliano Fero, M. Velayos","doi":"10.3989/ajbm.565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.565","url":null,"abstract":"Se presenta un catálogo actualizado de las plantas vasculares de la región continental de Guinea Ecuatorial (Río Muni). El catálogo es fruto de la compilación de especímenes de herbario (6,850), registros de especies de la literatura botánica (7,985) y bases de datos en línea (10,109 registros de GBIF y 8,897 de RAINBIO). Se elaboró una base de datos de 23,517 registros georreferenciados realizando la actualización nomenclatural y estandarización de los nombres de localidades de todas estas fuentes. El catálogo comprende 2707 taxones (2598 especies, 81 subespecies y 28 variedades) incluidos en 1,020 géneros y 178 familias. El 90.6% de los taxones se consideran nativos, el 1.17% introducidos y el 5.96% naturalizados. Las 10 familias más diversas son Rubiaceae (294 especies), Fabaceae (290), Orchidaceae (168), Poaceae (105), Euphorbiaceae (87), Apocynaceae (85), Cyperaceae (79), Annonaceae (68), Acanthaceae (65) y Melastomataceae (61), que comprenden el 49.22% de las especies de Río Muni. Solo 11 especies pueden considerarse endémicas de Río Muni; este bajo número refleja la ausencia de barreras naturales en el territorio. El número de taxones amenazados (VU, EN y CR) es de 134 (5.02% del total evaluado) de los cuales 43 se encuentran en riesgo de extinción, al estar dentro de las categorías de En Peligro o En Peligro Crítico. Cinco especies restringidas al Golfo de Guinea se consideran amenazadas: tres En Peligro (Grossera angustifolia, Polyscias aequatoguineensis y Rhipidoglossum montealenense), y dos En Peligro Crítico (Asplenium carvalhoanum y Macropodiella uoroensis), por lo que deberían considerarse prioritarias en los planes de gestión y conservación.","PeriodicalId":55520,"journal":{"name":"Anales Del Jardin Botanico De Madrid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45213766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tribe Lithospermeae (Boraginaceae) consists of ca. 26 genera and 470 species, in which Onosma constitutes approximately one third of the species (~150). Although the tribe is strongly supported as monophyletic, both generic and species boundaries remain ambiguous. Among them, not only the phylogenetic position of Eastern Asian Onosma species, but also the taxonomic limits of the genus remain unclear. Whether Eastern Asian Onosma is monophyletic, or the genus should be widened to include Maharanga, and maybe Cystostemon, are still open questions. For these reasons, I performed 16 phylogenetic analyses with different taxon coverages, alignments, gene regions and outgroups, with up to 746 taxa of tribe Lithospermeae and with five DNA regions, using data from GenBank. The results, with the widest taxon coverage to date, show that while genus Onosma is not monophyletic in any of the analyses, the phylogenetic relationships among Onosma s.s., Eastern Asian Onosma, Maharanga and Cystostemon differ among analyses. However, the approximately unbiased (AU) test showed that the topology (((Eastern Asian Onosma+Maharanga) Cystostemon) Onosma s.s.) is overwhelmingly supported. Therefore, the current study highlights the importance of taxon, gene and outgroup sampling in Onosma phylogenetics.
{"title":"Supermatrix analyses reveal the importance of outgroup, gene and taxon sampling in Onosma (Boraginaceae) phylogenetics","authors":"Deniz Aygören Uluer","doi":"10.3989/ajbm.2630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.2630","url":null,"abstract":"Tribe Lithospermeae (Boraginaceae) consists of ca. 26 genera and 470 species, in which Onosma constitutes approximately one third of the species (~150). Although the tribe is strongly supported as monophyletic, both generic and species boundaries remain ambiguous. Among them, not only the phylogenetic position of Eastern Asian Onosma species, but also the taxonomic limits of the genus remain unclear. Whether Eastern Asian Onosma is monophyletic, or the genus should be widened to include Maharanga, and maybe Cystostemon, are still open questions. For these reasons, I performed 16 phylogenetic analyses with different taxon coverages, alignments, gene regions and outgroups, with up to 746 taxa of tribe Lithospermeae and with five DNA regions, using data from GenBank. The results, with the widest taxon coverage to date, show that while genus Onosma is not monophyletic in any of the analyses, the phylogenetic relationships among Onosma s.s., Eastern Asian Onosma, Maharanga and Cystostemon differ among analyses. However, the approximately unbiased (AU) test showed that the topology (((Eastern Asian Onosma+Maharanga) Cystostemon) Onosma s.s.) is overwhelmingly supported. Therefore, the current study highlights the importance of taxon, gene and outgroup sampling in Onosma phylogenetics.","PeriodicalId":55520,"journal":{"name":"Anales Del Jardin Botanico De Madrid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41520827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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