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Relationships among intimate partner violence, unfair treatment, depressive symptoms, and family support: A community-based study of Gujarati women in the Midwestern USA. 亲密伴侣暴力、不公平待遇、抑郁症状和家庭支持之间的关系:一项针对美国中西部古吉拉特妇女的社区研究。
IF 3.3 3区 医学 Q1 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000723
Mieko Yoshihama, Abha Rai, Yoon Joon Choi, Jun Sung Hong, Yueqi Yan

Intimate partner violence (IPV) and unfair treatment can negatively affect the health and well-being of many women, especially women of color. Few studies have investigated the mental health impact of both forms of victimization together. Unlike most research on Asian Indian women, which has used aggregated samples of women of various Asian Indian or South Asian descent, this study focused on a specific group of Asian Indians. Data were collected from a probability sample of Gujarati residents, aged 18-65 years, in a midwestern state of USA via computer-assisted telephone interviews. One third of married women reported having experienced IPV and two thirds received unfair treatment during the previous 6 months. Respondents overall reported a low level of depressive symptoms. Analyses using negative binomial regression models found that while both IPV and unfair treatment were positively associated with depressive symptoms, their interaction effect was not statistically significant. When IPV victimization and support from family were included in the model, the incidence rate ratio for unfair treatment became nonsignificant, but the significant effect of IPV remained. Findings suggest that practitioners not only in mental health and IPV programs but also in alternative settings frequented by Gujarati women should inquire about these types of interpersonal victimization and assist women in connecting with and cultivating supportive networks. More research on the mental health impact of IPV and other types of interpersonal victimization is needed for underresearched yet growing population groups to inform socioculturally responsive assistance programs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)和不公平待遇会对许多女性,尤其是有色人种女性的健康和幸福产生负面影响。很少有研究对这两种受害形式同时造成的心理健康影响进行调查。大多数关于亚裔印度妇女的研究使用的是各种亚裔印度或南亚后裔妇女的综合样本,与此不同,本研究侧重于特定的亚裔印度人群体。研究人员通过计算机辅助电话访问的方式,从美国中西部一个州 18-65 岁古吉拉特居民的概率样本中收集数据。三分之一的已婚妇女表示曾遭受过 IPV,三分之二的妇女表示在过去 6 个月中遭受过不公平待遇。总体而言,受访者的抑郁症状水平较低。使用负二项回归模型进行分析后发现,虽然 IPV 和不公平待遇与抑郁症状呈正相关,但它们之间的交互效应在统计上并不显著。当将 IPV 受害情况和家庭支持纳入模型时,不公平待遇的发生率比值变得不显著,但 IPV 的显著影响依然存在。研究结果表明,不仅心理健康和 IPV 项目的从业人员,而且古吉拉特妇女经常光顾的其他场所的从业人员都应询问这些类型的人际伤害情况,并帮助妇女与支持性网络建立联系和培养支持性网络。对于研究不足但却在不断增长的人群,需要对 IPV 和其他类型的人际伤害对心理健康的影响进行更多的研究,以便为社会文化应对援助计划提供信息。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA,保留所有权利)。
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引用次数: 0
Instrumental safety net configurations and changes over time among economically marginalized families. 经济边缘化家庭的工具性安全网配置及其随时间的变化。
IF 3.3 3区 医学 Q1 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000728
Melissa Radey, Qiong Wu, Lenore McWey, Eugenia Millender

Poverty, a social determinant of health, disproportionately affects families with children. Public and private safety nets, or support networks available in times of need, can help address poverty and its consequences. Independently, strong safety nets (public or private) promote health and well-being, yet little is known about how private and public safety nets combine and evolve over time. Using latent class and latent transition analyses, this study examined public and private safety net configurations of mothers with low-income, sociodemographic characteristics associated with these configurations, and safety net changes over time. Using data from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study from child ages 1, 5, and 9 (N = 2,251), results indicated that mothers were sorted into four safety net configurations (public support only, private support only, all high, and all low) and 30%-53% of each class of mothers transitioned from one safety net configuration to another at the next neighboring wave, underscoring the importance of examining both public and private supports simultaneously and longitudinally. Membership in configurations with low private support (e.g., public only, all low) and sociodemographic disadvantage (e.g., more poverty, recent experience of hardship) predicted transitions, commonly leaving mothers without advantage in the riskiest safety nets. To promote a more responsive, equitable safety net, lengthening public safety net program certification periods and increasing outreach efforts (e.g., through schools, churches) to potentially eligible mothers could strengthen and stabilize safety nets to lessen poverty and its consequences for economically marginalized families. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

贫困是影响健康的一个社会决定因素,对有子女家庭的影响尤为严重。公共和私人安全网,或在需要时提供的支持网络,可以帮助解决贫困及其后果。强大的安全网(公共或私人)可单独促进健康和幸福,但人们对私人和公共安全网如何结合并随时间演变知之甚少。本研究利用潜类和潜转分析,考察了低收入母亲的公共和私人安全网配置、与这些配置相关的社会人口特征以及安全网随时间的变化。通过使用 "家庭未来与儿童福祉研究 "中 1、5 和 9 岁儿童的数据(样本数 = 2,251 人),研究结果表明,母亲被分为四种安全网配置(仅公共支持、仅私人支持、所有高安全网配置和所有低安全网配置),每类母亲中有 30%-53% 在下一次邻近波次中从一种安全网配置过渡到另一种安全网配置,这强调了同时纵向研究公共和私人支持的重要性。低私人支持(如只有公共支持,所有支持都很低)和社会人口劣势(如更贫困,最近经历过困难)都预示着过渡,通常会使母亲在风险最大的安全网中失去优势。为了促进建立一个反应更迅速、更公平的安全网,延长公共安全网计划的认证期,加大对可能符合条件的母亲的宣传力度(如通过学校、教会),可以加强和稳定安全网,减少贫困及其对经济边缘化家庭的影响。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, 版权所有)。
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引用次数: 0
Black boys unchained: Removing the constraints of racial disparities in discipline at school. 解开黑人男孩的枷锁:消除学校纪律方面种族差异的限制。
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q1 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000741
Oscar A Barbarin

The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry has contributed significantly to scholarly discourse on race and racism especially in its coverage of issues related to the development and well-being of Black boys (BB) and men. Although disparate rates of exclusionary discipline for BB have been widely recognized as a problem, efforts to reduce them have failed. Because exclusion has negative consequences and is ineffective in changing behavior, it should be used rarely or not at all. This article advocates strict limits or outright bans on exclusion up to Grade 6. For BB, the time between pre-K and middle school is a developmentally critical period in which, for a variety of reasons, misconduct is high compared to other groups of children. Instituting bans will require a fundamental change in how school discipline is conceived. Schools will need to reimagine BB and strengthen their social competencies and emotional resilience. This will require a shift in emphasis from punishment to empathy for BB who misbehave. Implementing policies to prohibit exclusion will be difficult in light of opposition from school staff who are reluctant to surrender this tool and disagreements over the role of schools and the responsibility of families for boy's misbehavior. Recommendations for alternative programs and expansion of mental health services have been made in guidance from the federal government and adopted into law by several states. To reduce disparities, schools must establish a culture of caring and support, enact well-reasoned and collaborative regimes of control, and provide BB with interpretive frameworks that convey a sense of purpose and meaning. Together these approaches can free BB from the constraints of harsh and unfair discipline and help them to become the best versions of themselves. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

美国精神病学杂志》(American Journal of Orthopsychiatry)对有关种族和种族主义的学术讨论做出了重大贡献,特别是在报道与黑人男孩(BB)和男人的发展和福祉有关的问题方面。尽管人们普遍认为对黑人男孩的排斥性管教比例悬殊是一个问题,但减少这种现象的努力却以失败告终。由于排斥性管教会产生负面影响,而且在改变行为方面效果不佳,因此应尽量少用或不用。本文主张严格限制或完全禁止对六年级以下的学生实施排斥。对于 BB 来说,从学前班到初中这段时间是其发展的关键时期,由于各种原因,与其他儿童群体相比,这段时间的不当行为较多。实施禁令需要从根本上改变对学校纪律的认识。学校需要重新认识 BB,加强他们的社交能力和情绪恢复能力。这就需要将重点从惩罚转向对行为不端的 BB 的同情。由于学校教职员工不愿意放弃这一工具,并对学校的作用和家庭对男孩不良行为的责任存在分歧,因此实施禁止排斥的政策将十分困难。联邦政府在指导意见中提出了替代方案和扩大心理健康服务的建议,并被一些州采纳为法律。为了缩小差距,学校必须建立一种关爱和支持的文化,制定有理有据、相互协作的管控制度,并为BB提供能传达目的和意义的解释框架。这些方法结合在一起,可以使 BB 摆脱严厉和不公平管教的束缚,帮助他们成为最好的自己。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)。
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引用次数: 0
Looking back, moving forward: An introduction to the special issue honoring the 100th anniversary of the global alliance for behavioral health and social justice. 回顾过去,展望未来:全球行为健康与社会正义联盟成立 100 周年纪念特刊导言。
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q1 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000786
Jill D McLeigh, Gita Jaffe, Deborah Klein Walker, Donald Wertlieb, Will Spaulding, William Beardslee

Since its founding, American Orthopsychiatric Association (AOA) has been at the forefront of working at the intersection of mental health and social justice. In Mental Health and Social Change: 50 Years of Orthopsychiatry (Shore & Mannino, 1975), former organization president and journal editor Milton Shore and Fortune Mannino wrote that the association had consistently held a philosophy that included (a) a commitment to an interdisciplinary approach in the study of mental health problems and the development of mental health programs; (b) an emphasis on prevention as well as treatment; (c) the integration of the clinical and the social; (d) a major focus on the social scene and its interweaving with mental health problems in individuals within society; and (e) an avoidance of dilettantism, superficiality, and well-meaning generalizations through a commitment to high-quality research, thoughtful analysis of mental health issues, and high professional standards of practice in all areas of mental health. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

自成立以来,美国矫形外科协会(AOA)一直站在精神健康与社会正义交叉领域的前沿。在《心理健康与社会变革》(Mental Health and Social Change:50 Years of Orthopsychiatry》(Shore & Mannino,1975 年)一书中,该组织前主席兼期刊编辑 Milton Shore 和 Fortune Mannino 写道,该协会一贯坚持的理念包括:(a) 致力于采用跨学科方法研究心理健康问题和制定心理健康计划;(b) 强调预防和治疗;(c) 临床与社会相结合;(d) 主要关注社会环境及其与社会中个人心理健康问题的交织;(e) 致力于高质量的研究,对心理健康问题进行深思熟虑的分析,以及在心理健康的各个领域实行高标准的专业实践,从而避免二流主义、肤浅和善意的概括。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA,保留所有权利)。
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引用次数: 0
Barriers to health care and pregnancy experiences in relation to Black, low-income mothers' perinatal attachment and depression. 与黑人低收入母亲围产期依恋和抑郁有关的医疗保健障碍和怀孕经历。
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q1 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000721
Justin K Scott, Maria Gianelle, Vivian Flanagan, Brenda Jones Harden, Colleen Morrison

The goal of this study was to examine whether barriers to accessing health care and negative pregnancy experiences would predict depressive symptomatology and attachment to their neonates among Black mothers from low-income backgrounds across the perinatal period. We were also interested in examining whether these mothers' engagement in prenatal health practices would buffer against their pregnancy experiences to promote positive postnatal maternal functioning. Participants were 118 Black pregnant women from low-income backgrounds, recruited from WIC and Early Head Start programs. A prenatal assessment between 28 and 40 weeks gestation measured pregnancy experiences and prenatal health practices, and a postnatal assessment about 4 weeks postpartum measured maternal functioning in the form of depressive symptoms and attachment to their neonates. Linear regressions with prenatal health practices included as a moderator suggested that while engaging in positive health practices during pregnancy could potentially buffer against negative pregnancy experiences and prenatal depressive symptoms, it is unlikely to buffer against barriers to accessing health care. These results imply the need to provide support for accessing health care among pregnant women to address disparities in the United States. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

本研究的目的是探讨在整个围产期,获得医疗保健服务的障碍和负面的怀孕经历是否会预测低收入背景的黑人母亲的抑郁症状和对新生儿的依恋。我们还想研究这些母亲参与产前保健实践是否会对她们的孕期经历起到缓冲作用,从而促进产后母亲的积极功能。我们从 WIC 和早期启蒙计划中招募了 118 名来自低收入家庭的黑人孕妇。在妊娠 28 至 40 周期间进行的产前评估测量了孕期经历和产前保健措施,而在产后 4 周左右进行的产后评估则测量了抑郁症状和对新生儿的依恋等方面的产妇功能。以产前保健措施为调节因素的线性回归结果表明,虽然在怀孕期间采取积极的保健措施有可能减轻负面的怀孕经历和产前抑郁症状,但不可能减轻获得医疗保健服务的障碍。这些结果表明,有必要为孕妇获得医疗保健提供支持,以解决美国的不平等问题。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, 版权所有)。
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引用次数: 0
Relationships between sleep duration and health among U.S. adults with a history of household incarceration during childhood. 童年时期有家庭监禁史的美国成年人睡眠时间与健康之间的关系
IF 3.3 3区 医学 Q1 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000716
Elizabeth B Jelsma, Fatima A Varner, Aprile D Benner

The rate of incarceration in the United States has increased at an alarming rate in the past 30 years and thus so has the number of children having a household member incarcerated (referred to as household incarceration). Associations between experiencing household incarceration in childhood and later negative health and developmental outcomes are well-documented; however, the underlying mechanisms linking this childhood stressor and adult outcomes have been less well studied. Using state Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey data (N = 145,102), this study examines how experiencing household incarceration during childhood is associated with mental and physical health in adulthood and mediational pathways through suboptimal sleep (short or long sleep). Results indicate there were significant indirect effects of household incarceration to physical and mental distress through short sleep (≤ 6 hr per 24 hr) and long sleep (≥ 10 hr per 24 hr), and a significant indirect effect of household incarceration to body mass index through short sleep. Findings from the present study highlight indirect pathways through which household incarceration in childhood is linked with sleep health in adulthood and, in turn, to negative mental and physical health. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

在过去的30年里,美国的监禁率以惊人的速度增长,因此家庭成员被监禁的儿童数量也在增加(称为家庭监禁)。童年时期经历家庭监禁与后来的负面健康和发展结果之间的关联有充分的记录;然而,将这种童年压力源与成年后的结果联系起来的潜在机制却没有得到很好的研究。利用国家行为风险因素监测系统调查数据(N = 145,102),本研究探讨了童年时期经历家庭监禁与成年后心理和身体健康的关系,以及通过次优睡眠(短睡眠或长睡眠)的中介途径。结果表明,家庭监禁通过短睡眠(≤6小时/ 24小时)和长睡眠(≥10小时/ 24小时)对身心痛苦有显著的间接影响,并且家庭监禁通过短睡眠对体重指数有显著的间接影响。本研究的发现强调了儿童时期的家庭监禁与成年期睡眠健康之间的间接联系,反过来又与消极的精神和身体健康有关。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c) 2023 APA,版权所有)。
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引用次数: 0
The moderating role of emotion regulation strategies on Asian American parents' discrimination experiences and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. 情绪调节策略对美国亚裔父母在 COVID-19 大流行期间的歧视经历和心理健康的调节作用。
IF 3.3 3区 医学 Q1 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000714
Cindy J Huang, Cindy Y Huang

Asian American parents have experienced significant stressors associated with racial discrimination and anticipatory COVID-19-related discrimination fear during the COVID-19 pandemic, which may adversely impact their mental health. Emotion regulation strategies may attenuate the negative effects of discrimination experiences on mental health, but existing findings have been inconsistent regarding the associations between these factors, particularly among the Asian American population. One hundred ninety-three Asian American parents (Mage = 40.58 years, SD = 6.42 years; 82.4% female) were assessed on their discrimination experiences (racial discrimination in the past year, COVID-19 discrimination fear), emotion regulation strategies (cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression), and mental health (depression, anxiety). Significant interactions emerged between expressive suppression and racial discrimination in the past year on depression (b = .02, p = .006) and anxiety (b = .03, p < .001). Cognitive reappraisal did not significantly moderate the associations between discrimination experiences and mental health. Results indicated that greater use of expressive suppression exacerbated the adverse effects of racial discrimination on the mental health of Asian American parents. These findings inform research and practice regarding the deleterious effects of racial discrimination and the differential impact of using various emotion regulation strategies on the mental health of Asian American parents. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

在 COVID-19 大流行期间,亚裔美国人的父母经历了与种族歧视和预期 COVID-19 相关的歧视恐惧有关的巨大压力,这可能会对他们的心理健康产生不利影响。情绪调节策略可能会减轻歧视经历对心理健康的负面影响,但关于这些因素之间的关联,现有的研究结果并不一致,尤其是在亚裔美国人中。研究人员对 193 名亚裔美国人父母(年龄:40.58 岁,标准差:6.42 岁;82.4% 为女性)的歧视经历(过去一年的种族歧视经历、COVID-19 歧视恐惧)、情绪调节策略(认知再评价、表达压抑)和心理健康(抑郁、焦虑)进行了评估。表达性抑制和过去一年的种族歧视经历对抑郁(b = .02,p = .006)和焦虑(b = .03,p < .001)有显著的交互作用。认知再评价并没有明显缓和歧视经历与心理健康之间的关联。结果表明,更多地使用表达性压抑会加剧种族歧视对亚裔美国父母心理健康的不利影响。这些发现为有关种族歧视的有害影响以及使用各种情绪调节策略对亚裔美国父母心理健康的不同影响的研究和实践提供了参考。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, 版权所有)。
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引用次数: 0
Unaccompanied unstable housing among racially, ethnically, sexually, and gender diverse youth: Intersecting identities bearing the greatest burden. 不同种族、民族、性别的青少年中无人陪伴的不稳定住房问题:交叉身份带来的负担最大。
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q1 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000725
Laura M Houghtaling, Kay Simon, Amy L Gower, Amy McCurdy, G Nic Rider, Stephen T Russell, Marla E Eisenberg

Disparities in youth homelessness by racial/ethnic, sexual, and gender identities are well documented, though this literature lacks specificity regarding intersectional social identities of youth who are most likely to experience homelessness. Population-based cross-sectional data on youth from the 2019 Minnesota Student Survey (N = 80,456) were used to examine the relationship between parent caring and intersections of minoritized identities that experience the highest prevalence of two distinct types of unaccompanied unstable housing with expanded categories of sexual and gender identities. Exhaustive chi-square automatic interaction detection models revealed that low parent caring was the most common predictor of unaccompanied homelessness and running away, but there was important variation among youth of color at the intersection of sexual and gender identities. The findings reveal a more complex story of disparities in unaccompanied unstable housing among youth with multiple marginalized social identities and highlight the need to create culturally informed prevention and intervention strategies for parents of LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning) youth of color. The implications for prevention and intervention among subgroups with the highest prevalence are discussed in the context of interlocking systems of power and oppression. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

关于青少年无家可归的种族/民族、性和性别身份差异,已有大量文献记载,但这些文献对最有可能经历无家可归的青少年的交叉社会身份缺乏具体描述。我们利用 2019 年明尼苏达州学生调查(N = 80,456 人)中关于青少年的基于人口的横截面数据,研究了父母关爱与少数群体身份交叉之间的关系,这些少数群体经历了两种不同类型的无人陪伴的不稳定住房,且性取向和性别身份的类别有所扩大,其发生率最高。详尽的卡方自动交互检测模型显示,父母关爱程度低是无人陪伴无家可归和离家出走的最常见预测因素,但在性身份和性别身份交叉点的有色人种青少年中存在重大差异。研究结果揭示了具有多重边缘化社会身份的青少年在无人陪伴的不稳定住房问题上存在的更为复杂的差异,并强调了为 LGBTQ+(女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、变性人、同性恋者和质疑者)有色人种青少年的父母制定具有文化信息的预防和干预策略的必要性。在环环相扣的权力和压迫系统的背景下,讨论了在发病率最高的亚群体中进行预防和干预的意义。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA,保留所有权利)。
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引用次数: 0
The power of knowledge: How mental health literacy can overcome barriers to seeking help. 知识的力量:心理健康素养如何克服寻求帮助的障碍。
IF 3.3 3区 医学 Q1 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000708
Yin-Ju Lien, Ling Chen, Jiyan Cai, Yen-Hua Wang, Yen-Yu Liu

Mental health literacy (MHL) predicts help-seeking attitudes. However, the relationship between components of MHL and help-seeking attitudes has not been thoroughly examined. This study aims to examine whether mental illness stigma, help-seeking efficacy, and maintenance of positive mental health mediated the relationship between recognition of mental disorders and help-seeking attitudes, using a meta-analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM) approach. A comprehensive literature search was conducted to gather relevant studies (111 articles with 118 independent samples), and their data (k = 185) were analyzed using MASEM. Reducing mental illness stigma or increasing help-seeking efficacy may be effective strategies for promoting help-seeking behaviors among individuals who recognize mental disorders, while the maintenance of positive mental health did not significantly mediate the relationship between recognition of mental disorders and help-seeking attitudes. These findings suggest that reducing stigma or increasing help-seeking efficacy may be an effective strategy for promoting help-seeking behaviors among individuals who can identify mental disorders. The use of MASEM in this study highlights the importance of integrating multiple studies to understand the complex relationship between MHL components and help-seeking attitudes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

心理健康素养(MHL)预测寻求帮助的态度。然而,MHL的组成部分与求助态度之间的关系尚未得到彻底的研究。本研究旨在使用元分析结构方程建模(MASEM)方法,检验精神疾病污名、寻求帮助的疗效和保持积极的心理健康是否介导了对精神障碍的认识和寻求帮助的态度之间的关系。进行了全面的文献检索以收集相关研究(111篇文章,118个独立样本),并使用MASEM分析其数据(k=185)。减少精神疾病污名或提高求助效率可能是促进识别精神障碍的个体的求助行为的有效策略,而保持积极的心理健康并不能显著调节识别精神障碍和求助态度之间的关系。这些发现表明,减少污名或提高求助效率可能是在能够识别精神障碍的个体中促进求助行为的有效策略。MASEM在本研究中的使用突出了整合多项研究的重要性,以了解MHL成分与求助态度之间的复杂关系。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2023 APA,保留所有权利)。
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引用次数: 0
Minority stress and mental health in gay and lesbian youth: A comparative study of Italy and Spain. 同性恋青年的少数民族压力与心理健康:意大利和西班牙的比较研究。
IF 3.3 3区 医学 Q1 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000709
Gaetana Affuso, Nicola Picone, Pedro Alexandre Costa, Dario Bacchini, Grazia De Angelis, Concetta Esposito, Marta Evelia Aparicio-García

The present study was carried out based on the minority stress model. The purpose was to compare Italian and Spanish gay and lesbian youth on minority stressors and mental health outcomes and test the minority stress model in Italy and Spain. The sample consisted of 490 participants (307 Italians, Mage = 25.30 and 183 Spanish, Mage = 27.57). They completed an online questionnaire measuring everyday discrimination, coming out to family members, coming out to friends/one's social network, internalized sexual stigma, depression, and anxiety. A multivariate analysis of covariance was performed to explore the effect of nationality on all measures. Structural equation modeling was applied to test the direct and indirect (through internalized sexual stigma) effects of stressors on mental health outcomes. The results demonstrate an impact of nationality on three dimensions: Spanish youth presented higher levels of everyday discrimination, while Italian youth had lower levels of both coming out to family members and coming out to friends/one's social network. Further, in both countries, all stressors had both direct and indirect (through internalized sexual stigma) associations with depression and anxiety. These findings have some social implications: studying the effect of nationality can be useful in suggesting changes in political and social macrosystems. Additionally, studying the associations among these variables is helpful for intervening more efficiently, for example, clinically, on the impact of minority stress. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

本研究是在少数民族压力模型的基础上进行的。目的是比较意大利和西班牙男女同性恋青年对少数群体压力源和心理健康结果的影响,并测试意大利和西班牙的少数群体压力模型。该样本由490名参与者组成(307名意大利人,Mage=25.30,183名西班牙人,Mage=27.57)。他们完成了一份在线问卷,测量日常歧视、与家人接触、与朋友/社交网络接触、内化的性污名、抑郁和焦虑。对协方差进行多变量分析,以探讨国籍对所有测量的影响。结构方程模型用于测试压力源对心理健康结果的直接和间接影响(通过内化的性污名)。研究结果表明,国籍在三个方面产生了影响:西班牙青年的日常歧视程度较高,而意大利青年与家人和朋友/社交网络接触的程度较低。此外,在这两个国家,所有压力源都与抑郁和焦虑有直接和间接的联系(通过内化的性污名)。这些发现具有一些社会意义:研究国籍的影响有助于提示政治和社会宏观系统的变化。此外,研究这些变量之间的关联有助于更有效地干预,例如在临床上,对少数群体压力的影响。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2023 APA,保留所有权利)。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
American Journal of Orthopsychiatry
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